European Nations Cup (rugby union) 2008-2010

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Billy Gilbert
Billy Gilbert (baseball)

Amir al-Mu'minin
Abdul Hamid II or Abdülhamid II (Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد ثانی‎, romanized: Abdü’l-Ḥamîd-i-sânî; Turkish: II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 – 10 February 1918) reigned as the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire - the last Sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. He oversaw a period of decline, with rebellions (particularly in the Balkans), and he presided over an unsuccessful war with the Russian Empire (1877-1878) followed by a successful war against the Kingdom of Greece in 1897. Abdulhamid II ruled from 31 August 1876 until his deposition shortly after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, on 27 April 1909. In accordance with an agreement made with the Republican Young Ottomans, he promulgated the first Ottoman Constitution of 1876 on 23 December 1876, which was a sign

The President of Rhodesia was the head of state of Rhodesia from 1970 to 1979. As Rhodesia reckoned itself as a parliamentary republic rather than a presidential republic at the time, the president's post was almost entirely ceremonial, and the real power continued to be vested in Rhodesia's Prime Minister, Ian Smith. Two individuals held the office of president, while two others served as acting Presidents. All were white people of British descent. As with Rhodesia itself, the position lacked international recognition for the entire period.

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عبدالحمید ثانی

Fred Martin

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Fred Turner Martin (June 27, 1915 – June 11, 1979) was an American professional baseball pitcher, coach, manager and scout. Born in Williams, Oklahoma, Martin threw and batted right-handed, stood 6 feet 1 inch (185 cm) tall and weighed 185 pounds (84 kg) during his active playing career.

William Oliver Gilbert (June 21, 1876 – August 8, 1927) was an American professional baseball second baseman who played from the 1890s through 1912. Gilbert played in Major League Baseball from 1901 to 1909, for the Milwaukee Brewers, Baltimore Orioles, New York Giants, and St. Louis Cardinals. Standing at just 5 feet 4 inches (1.63 m), Gilbert was a weak hitter but a good defensive second baseman. He did hit .313 in the 1905 World Series, which the Giants won.

Abdul Hamid II or Abdülhamid II (Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد ثانی‎, romanized: Abdü’l-Ḥamîd-i-sânî; Turkish: II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 – 10 February 1918) reigned as the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire - the last Sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. He oversaw a period of decline, with rebellions (particularly in the Balkans), and he presided over an unsuccessful war with the Russian Empire (1877-1878) followed by a successful war against the Kingdom of Greece in 1897. Abdulhamid II ruled from 31 August 1876 until his deposition shortly after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, on 27 April 1909. In accordance with an agreement made with the Republican Young Ottomans, he promulgated the first Ottoman Constitution of 1876 on 23 December 1876, which was a sign of progressive thinking that marked his early rule. However, in 1878, citing disagreements with the Parliament, he suspended both the short-lived constitution and the Parliament. The modernization of the Ottoman Empire continued during his reign, including reform of the bureaucracy, the extension of the Rumelia Railway and of the Anatolia Railway, and the construction of the Baghdad Railway and of the Hejaz Railway. In addition, systems for population registration and control over the press were established, along with the first local modern law-school in 1898. The most far-reaching of the reforms occurred in education: many professional schools were established for fields including the law, arts, trades, civil engineering, veterinary medicine, customs, farming, and linguistics. Although Abdul Hamid II closed Istanbul University in 1881, it re-opened in 1900, and a network of secondary, primary, and military schools was extended throughout the empire. German firms played a major role in developing the Empire's railway- and telegraph-systems. During Abdul Hamid's reign the Ottoman Empire became bankrupt, leading to the establishment of Ottoman Public Debt Administration in 1881. Outside the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Abdul Hamid II gained the nickname the Red Sultan or the Bloody Sultan because of the Hamidian massacres of Armenians and Assyrians of 1894-1896 and the use of the secret police to silence dissent and the Young Turks movement. Large sections of the Ottoman intelligentsia sharply criticised and opposed him. Loyal citizens called him the Grand Khagan (Turkish: Ulu Hakan) for his extraordinary efforts in modernising the empire and in keeping it intact in difficult times. Amongst the many assassination attempts against him, the most famous became the Yıldız assassination attempt of 1905 by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.

President of Rhodesia

Abdul Hamid II
Ottoman Caliph

The President of Rhodesia was the head of state of Rhodesia from 1970 to 1979. As Rhodesia reckoned itself as a parliamentary republic rather than a presidential republic at the time, the president's post was almost entirely ceremonial, and the real power continued to be vested in Rhodesia's Prime Minister, Ian Smith. Two individuals held the office of president, while two others served as acting Presidents. All were white people of British descent. As with Rhodesia itself, the position lacked international recognition for the entire period. Rhodesia was internationally recognised as a British colony until 1980.

Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
Kayser-i Rûm

Fred Martin (baseball)