Brackish water, also sometimes termed brack water, is water occurring in a natural environment having more salinity than freshwater, but not as much as seawater. It may result from mixing seawater (salt water) with fresh water together, as in estuaries, or it may occur in brackish fossil aquifers. The word comes from the Middle Dutch root "brak". Certain human activities can produce brackish water, in particular civil engineering projects such as dikes and the flooding of coastal marshland to produce brackish water pools for freshwater prawn farming. Brackish water is also the primary waste product of the salinity gradient power process. Because brackish water is hostile to the growth of most terrestrial plant species, without appropriate management it is damaging to the environment (see article on shrimp farms). Technically, brackish water contains between 0.5 and 30 grams of salt per litre—more often expressed as 0.5 to 30 parts per thousand (‰), which is a specific gravity of between 1.0004 and 1.0226. Thus, brackish covers a range of salinity regimes and is not considered a precisely defined condition. It is characteristic of many brackish surface waters that their salinity can vary considerably over space or time. Water with a salt concentration greater than 30‰ is considered saline.

Alexander Elphinstone, 1st Lord Elphinstone (died 9 September 1513) was a Scottish peer. He was the son of Sir John Elphinstone of that ilk and of Pittendreich. He was first known as "Alexander Elphinstone of Innernochty". He was made Baillie of Stirlingshire in January 1508, in succession to Andrew Aytoun. He made a Lord of Parliament at the baptism of Prince Arthur, a son of James IV and Margaret Tudor in 1509. He was raised to the Peerage of Scotland as Lord Elphinstone, of Elphinstone in the County of Stirling, in 1510. This was a new creation. On the lands of the new barony of Elphinstone a new tower was erected called the tower of Elphinstone, which became the principal messuage of the new barony. It formed the chief residence of the Lords Elphinstone for eight generations of the family down to, and including Charles the ninth Lord. Alexander Elphinstone played a "Squire of the Black Lady" at the royal tournament in Edinburgh in 1507. The role was to escort the "Black Lady" in her triumphal chair from Edinburgh Castle to the tournament ground. Elphinstone and his companion William Ogilvy were dressed in outfits of white damask. He married Elizabeth Barlay or Barlow, an English lady of the household of Margaret Tudor. The royal accounts for 1503 and 1506 include her fee of 50 English shillings for six months. She injured her arm in August 1505 and was attended by the royal apothecary, John Mossman. As a New Year's Day gift in 1507 she was given rosary beads. Her two maidens, her attendants, were given 5 French gold crowns each in January 1512, the same gift was given to an African servant of the queen, Ellen More. Elphinstone and Elizabeth Barlay were made keepers of Stirling Castle in succession to Andrew Aytoun in January 1508. James IV also made them keepers of Kildrummy Castle. In 1508 they transferred their rights over lands at the Wester town of Tillicoultry known as Colinstoun to James Schaw of Sauchie and his wife Alison Home. In 1513 Kildrummy was regranted to him and his wife and united with Innernochty into the Lordship of Elphinstone. In 1512 Elphinstone was able to help Robert Bruce of Airth to recover his lands at the Pool of Airth, where James IV had built a dockyard. Lord Elphinstone was killed at the Battle of Flodden in September 1513, along with many other Scottish noblemen, and was succeeded in the lordship by his son Alexander.

Aline Kominsky-Crumb (née Goldsmith; born August 1, 1948) is an American underground comics artist. Kominsky-Crumb's work, which is almost exclusively autobiographical, is known for its unvarnished, confessional nature. In 2016, Comics Alliance listed Kominsky-Crumb as one of twelve women cartoonists deserving of lifetime achievement recognition. She is married to cartoonist Robert Crumb, with whom she has frequently collaborated. Their daughter, Sophie Crumb, is also a cartoonist.