Project Cybersyn was a Chilean project from 1971 to 1973 during the presidency of Salvador Allende aimed at constructing a distributed decision support system to aid in the management of the national economy. The project consisted of four modules: an economic simulator, custom software to check factory performance, an operations room, and a national network of telex machines that were linked to one mainframe computer. After the CIA-backed military coup on September 11, 1973, Cybersyn was abandoned and the operations room was destroyed.
Project Cybersyn
Project Cybersyn was a Chilean project from 1971 to 1973 during the presidency of Salvador Allende aimed at constructing a distributed decision support system to aid in the management of the national economy. The project consisted of four modules: an economic simulator, custom software to check factory performance, an operations room, and a national network of telex machines that were linked to one mainframe computer. Project Cybersyn was based on viable system model theory approach to organizational design, and featured innovative technology for its time: it included a network of telex machines (Cybernet) in state-run enterprises that would transmit and receive information with the government in Santiago. Information from the field would be fed into statistical modeling software (Cyberstride) that would monitor production indicators, such as raw material supplies or high rates of worker absenteeism, in "almost" real time, alerting the workers in the first case and, in abnormal situations, if those parameters fell outside acceptable ranges by a very large degree, also the central government. The information would also be input into economic simulation software (CHECO, for CHilean ECOnomic simulator) that the government could use to forecast the possible outcome of economic decisions. Finally, a sophisticated operations room (Opsroom) would provide a space where managers could see relevant economic data, formulate feasible responses to emergencies, and transmit advice and directives to enterprises and factories in alarm situations by using the telex network. The principal architect of the system was British operations research scientist Stafford Beer, and the system embodied his notions of organisational cybernetics in industrial management. One of its main objectives was to devolve decision-making power within industrial enterprises to their workforce in order to develop self-regulation of factories. After the CIA-backed military coup on September 11, 1973, Cybersyn was abandoned and the operations room was destroyed.

Articles with short description

John Eliot (c. 1604—21 May 1690) was a Puritan missionary to the American Indians who some called "the apostle to the Indians" and the founder of Roxbury Latin School in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1645.

Naagin (transl. Female serpent) is an Indian supernatural fantasy thriller television series produced by Ekta Kapoor. The series traces the lives of shape-shifting serpents who fight evil, aim for revenge and keep the ultimate source of power safe from evil clutches. The first season aired from 1 November 2015 to 5 June 2016. It starred Mouni Roy, Arjun Bijlani and Adaa Khan as Shivanya, Ritik and Shesha. It became one of the highest rated shows on Indian television.

Short description matches Wikidata

Precursors of film are concepts and devices that have much in common with the later art and techniques of cinema. Precursors of film are often referred to as precinema, or 'pre-cinema'. Terms like these are disliked by several historians, partly because they seem to devalue the individual qualities of these media by presenting them as a small step in the development of a later invention. For instance: the flip book, zoetrope and phenakistiscope are very tactile devices that allow study and play by manipulating the motion by hand, while the projected image in cinema is intangible. Such devices as the zoetrope were not replaced by cinema: they were still used after the breakthrough of film. Furthermore, many early media examples are also part of a tradition that not only shaped cinema, but also home video, video games, computer-generated imagery, virtual reality and much more. The study of early media devices is also part of a wider and less teleological approach called media archaeology. Many of the devices that can be interpreted as precursors of film are also referred to as "philosophical toys", or "optical toys".

Naagin (transl. Female serpent) is an Indian supernatural fantasy thriller television series produced by Ekta Kapoor. The series traces the lives of shape-shifting serpents who fight evil, aim for revenge and keep the ultimate source of power safe from evil clutches. The first season aired from 1 November 2015 to 5 June 2016. It starred Mouni Roy, Arjun Bijlani and Adaa Khan as Shivanya, Ritik and Shesha. It became one of the highest rated shows on Indian television. The second season aired from 8 October 2016 to 25 June 2017. It starred Mouni Roy, Karanvir Bohra and Adaa Khan as Shivangi, Rocky and Shesha. The third season aired from 2 June 2018 to 26 May 2019. It starred Surbhi Jyoti, Pearl V Puri and Anita Hassanandani as Bela, Mahir and Vishakha. The fourth season was introduced with a new title Naagin: Bhagya Ka Zehreela Khel. It aired from 14 December 2019 to 8 August 2020. It starred Nia Sharma, Vijayendra Kumeria, Jasmin Bhasin and Rashami Desai as Brinda, Dev, Nayantara and Shalakha. The fifth season premiered on 9 August 2020. It stars Surbhi Chandna, Sharad Malhotra and Mohit Sehgal as Bani Sharma, Veer Singhania and Jay Mathur.

Precursors of film are concepts and devices that have much in common with the later art and techniques of cinema. Precursors of film are often referred to as precinema, or 'pre-cinema'. Terms like these are disliked by several historians, partly because they seem to devalue the individual qualities of these media by presenting them as a small step in the development of a later invention. For instance: the flip book, zoetrope and phenakistiscope are very tactile devices that allow study and play by manipulating the motion by hand, while the projected image in cinema is intangible. Such devices as the zoetrope were not replaced by cinema: they were still used after the breakthrough of film. Furthermore, many early media examples are also part of a tradition that not only shaped cinema, but a

Naagin (2015 TV series)

Puritan missionary to Native Americans

Precursors of film

John Eliot
John Eliot (missionary)