Vincent Pilloni (born 1982) is a French mathematician, specializing in arithmetic algebraic geometry and the Langlands program. Pilloni studied at the École Normale Supérieure and received his doctorate in 2009 from Paris 13 University with thesis advisor Jacques Tilouine and thesis Arithmétique des variétés de Siegel. His research deals with, among other topics, the question of how the modularity theorem for elliptic curves over the rational numbers (which led to the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem) can be extended to abelian varieties. With and Adrian Iovita, he made significant progress on general modularity conjectures (following Fontaine-Mazur, Langlands, Clozel, and others). Pilloni is a Chargé de recherche of CNRS at the École normale supérieure de Lyon (UMPA). In 2018 he was an invited speaker, with Fabrizio Andreatta and Adrian Iovita, at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Rio de Janeiro. In 2018 Pilloni received the Prix Élie Cartan.