# started 2020-10-02T14:37:18Z "Tom.Reding" . "2020-10-02T14:37:07Z"^^ . "981472515"^^ . "5304"^^ . "2020-10-02T14:37:14Z"^^ . "This article has been semi-protected. Semi-protection prevents edits from unregistered users (IP addresses), as well as edits from any account that is not autoconfirmed (is at least four days old and has at least ten edits to Wikipedia) or confirmed. Such users can request edits to this article by proposing them on this talk page, using the {{Edit semi-protected}} template if necessary to gain attention. New users may also request the confirmed user right by visiting Requests for permissions. In embryology, the embryonic development of animals is development of animals embryos. (Note: This article is still being developed.)"@en . . . "Lugnuts" . "23"^^ . "9784415"^^ . . "981472516"^^ . . "2020-10-02T14:37:08Z"^^ . . "Zerknüllt (zen, German for \"crumpled\") is a gene in the Antennapedia complex of Drosophila (fruit flies) and other insects, where it operates very differently from the canonical Hox genes in the same gene cluster. Comparison of Hox genes between species showed that the Zerknüllt gene evolved from one of the standard Hox genes (the 'paralogy group 3' Hox gene) in insects through accumulating many amino acid changes, changing expression pattern, losing ancestral function and gaining a new function Zerknüllt codes for a regulates aspects of early embryogenesis in insects. Unlike the canonical Hox genes which are expressed in precise zones along the anteroposterior (head to tail) body axis, zerknüllt expression is resitriced along the dorsoventral (back to belly) body axis. Expressed of Zerknüllt is repressed by dorsal protein which limits its expression to roughly the dorsal 40% of the embryo, where the concentration of dorsal protein is low. Zerknüllt has been found to undergo a number of duplications in certain animal lineages. For example, in the beetle Tribolium castaneum, as well as the Drosophila lineage, zen duplicated to yield zen and zen2 . Large expansions of zen through gene duplication have also been observed within Lepidoptera. In this group, zen has duplicated at least four times resulting in the emergence of the additional divergent 'Special homeobox' (Shx) genes, named ShxA, ShxB, ShxC and ShxD . The original zen gene is still present. In some lepidopteran species, such as the Domesticated Silkmoth Bombyx mori, even greater numbers of duplications of zen occurred, with 12 Shx loci annotated along with zen ."@en . "981472518"^^ . "Zerknüllt (zen, German for \"crumpled\") is a gene in the Antennapedia complex of Drosophila (fruit flies) and other insects, where it operates very differently from the canonical Hox genes in the same gene cluster. Comparison of Hox genes between species showed that the Zerknüllt gene evolved from one of the standard Hox genes (the 'paralogy group 3' Hox gene) in insects through accumulating many amino acid changes, changing expression pattern, losing ancestral function and gaining a new function"@en . "2020-10-02T14:37:15Z"^^ . "2020-10-02T14:37:14Z"^^ . "8"^^ . "2020-10-02T14:37:07Z"^^ . . "2020-10-02T14:37:15Z"^^ . "1465"^^ . "2020-10-02T14:37:14Z"^^ . "Euglossa" . . "2020-10-02T14:37:10Z"^^ . "2107"^^ . "981472517"^^ . "2020-10-02T14:37:08Z"^^ . "1276024"^^ . . "This article has been semi-protected. Semi-protection prevents edits from unregistered users (IP addresses), as well as edits from any account that is not autoconfirmed (is at least four days old and has at least ten edits to Wikipedia) or confirmed. Such users can request edits to this article by proposing them on this talk page, using the {{Edit semi-protected}} template if necessary to gain attention. New users may also request the confirmed user right by visiting Requests for permissions."@en . . "981472522"^^ . "7886105"^^ . . "216"^^ . # completed 2020-10-02T14:37:18Z