Sanding, also known as sand jigging or sand dancing, is a type of dance performed as a series of slides and shuffles on a sand-strewn floor. In some instances, the sand is spread across an entire stage, in other cases, it is kept in a box that the dancer stays in throughout the dance. Originally a soft-shoe technique, scratching in sand can also add a different texture to the percussion of tap. There is no one type of shoe used to sand dance; traditional tap shoes are used alongside soft shoes and leather boots, all creating a distinctive sound. Willie "The Lion" Smith said of sanding, "You could really hear and feel the rhythm when the dancers shuffled around in a nice pair of patent-leather shoes". The early history of sand dancing is obscure, but it seems to have developed as a variant of what in the 19th century was known as "jig dancing," or more precisely "straight jig" dancing (to distinguish it from Irish and Scottish dances in 6/8 time). As with other forms of variety theatre and minstrel show dancing, straight and sand jig technique represented a fusion of African-American folk practice and steps borrowed from British and Irish traditions. The most prominent stage sand dancers of the mid- to late-19th century were two white New Yorkers: and her rival Kitty Sharpe . Sharpe learned the dance from the Hawley Brothers, a blackface minstrel dance team, but her performances, like those of Kitty O'Neil, were not done in blackface. White male sand dancers in minstrelsy, variety or vaudeville did, however, frequently don blackface. This practice was recreated in the 1951 film Yes Sir, Mr. Bones, in which the veteran minstrel Ned Haverly (of Haverly’s United Mastodon Minstrels) performed a sand dance as a grotesque caricature of an African American. Early straight jig dancers would scatter sand on wooden floors for traction, as was done at a famous 1862 competition between Dick Carroll and Tommy Peel It is possible that habit prompted the addition of the sliding and shuffling steps of true sand dancing. A writer in the New York Sun in 1917 recalled that decades earlier Kitty O'Neil "...used to step from the wings of Pastor’s Theatre attired in tights and shake a paper bag full of white sand on the stage. She confined her efforts within the limited sand zone, which covered but a few feet." In recent decades, sand dancers have often confined the sand to a wooden box in order to avoid abrading the actual stage. The music played for variety theater sand dancers was in 2/2 time and played at the tempo of a schottische but with a great deal of syncopation. Sand dancers kept their upper body still. As Kitty Sharpe told a journalist: "“With that kind of dancing the more immobile you are from your hips up the better you are. I could dance with a glass of water on my head, and have, many times." A 1942 New York Post article described African-American tap star John Bubbles' sand dancing as "a sort of rhythmic, swishing shuffle done on a two-foot-square area lightly sprinkled with sand" in which "practically all the action is from the ankles down, with the dancer’s feet never leaving the ground." Sand dancing was also used by the popular comedic vaudeville trio, Wilson, Keppel and Betty. They spread sand over the stage in one of their most well-known numbers, "Sand Dance". In their performance, there was no allusion to African American heritage; rather to the sandy environs of Egypt, a clear inspiration for their number. In spite of this deviation from the African American origins of the dance, their interpretation also emphasized the sliding and shuffling of feet across the stage, creating a sound that was unique to this style. This dance became a favorite among fans and is arguably what Wilson, Keppel and Betty are best known for. If sand dancing was once associated with white or blackface dancers, the most prominent sand dancers of the past century have been African-Americans. In addition to John Bubbles (who taught the technique to Fred Astaire), prominent black sand dancers included Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, Sammy Davis, Jr., Harriet Brown and, especially, Howard “Sandman” Sims, long-time MC of the famous amateur shows at the Apollo Theater in Harlem, New York City. Sims brought an interpretation of sand dancing into the mainstream that was not based on street dancing or historical variety/vaudeville style. Rather, his dancing was a product of his training as a boxer, specifically his shuffling around in the box of rosin before matches to improve his grip. Sims' popularity as a tap dancer and long career at the Apollo made him the most influential sand dancer of modern times.

{{Infobox family| name = Perry| image = Image:Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, Portrait in oils by Edward L. Mooney.jpg| imagecaption = Portrait of Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, USN (1839) by Edward L. Mooney| region = South Kingstown, Rhode Island and New England| origin = England Ireland Scotland| otherfamilies = Rodgers familyBelmont familyWhitney familyVanderbilt familyRandolph FamilyDe Peyster family| distinctions = | traditions = | heirlooms =| estate = Commodore Oliver Perry Farm, Sion Hill (Havre De Grace, Maryland), Belcourt The Perry family is an American Naval and political dynasty from Rhode Island whose members have included several United States Naval commanders, Naval aviators, politicians, artists, clergymen, lawyers, physicians, and socialites. Progeny of a mid-17th century English immigrant to South Kingstown, Rhode Island, the Perry family patriarch, Captain Christopher Raymond Perry, and his two sons Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry and Commodore Matthew C. Perry, were seminal figures in the legitimization of the United States Navy and establishment of the United States Naval Academy.

List of MPs elected in the December 1910 United Kingdom general election in Ireland

{{Infobox family| name = Perry| image = Image:Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, Portrait in oils by Edward L. Mooney.jpg| imagecaption = Portrait of Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, USN (1839) by Edward L. Mooney| region = South Kingstown, Rhode Island and New England| origin = England Ireland Scotland| otherfamilies = Rodgers familyBelmont familyWhitney familyVanderbilt familyRandolph FamilyDe Peyster family| distinctions = | traditions = | heirlooms =| estate = Commodore Oliver Perry Farm, Sion Hill (Havre De Grace, Maryland), Belcourt

This is a list of the 103 MPs who were elected for Irish seats at the 1910 United Kingdom general election (December).