Antonio Lotti (5 January 1667 – 5 January 1740) was an Italian Baroque composer.

Giovanni Alberto Ristori (1692 - 7 February 1753) was an Italian opera composer and conductor. He is thought to have been born in Bologna, and was the son of Tommaso Ristori, the leader of an opera troupe belonging to the King of Poland and Elector of Saxony August II the Strong (based in Dresden). August II 'loaned' his opera troupe to the Russian Empress Anna for the celebration of her coronation in Moscow. Ristori died in Dresden. Calandro, his opera in three acts to a libretto by Stefano Benedetto Pallavicino, was both the first opera buffa written in Germany and also the first Italian opera performed in Russia. It was given under his, and his father’s direction, with thirteen actors and nine singers including , and , in 1731 in Moscow.

Lorenzo Maria Petronio Gibelli (24 November 1718 – 5 November 1812) was an Italian composer, singer, and singing teacher. Also known as "Gibellone", he was born in Bologna and studied music there under Giovanni Battista Martini. He was elected to the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna in 1741 and made a "Principe" (Prince) of the academy in 1753. He served as maestro di cappella of several churches in Bologna, most notably the Chiesa del Santissimo Salvatore. He had only a modest career as an opera singer, despite having a voice of an extraordinarily wide vocal range from bass to the lower tenor notes. However, he became highly regarded as a voice teacher. Amongst his pupils were the castrato singers Girolamo Crescentini and and the tenor Matteo Babbini. His compositions include five operas, five oratorios, and over 400 pieces of sacred music.

Giovanni Marco Rutini

Maria Rosa Coccia (4 January 1759 – November 1833) was an Italian harpsichordist and composer.

Giovanni Giorgi (late 17th or early 18th century – June 1762) (Latin: Joannis de Georgiis) was a priest and an Italian composer. His style of polychoral church compositions are influenced by earlier Roman School composers such as Orazio Benevoli, but also incorporate later Roman Baroque features and (after about 1758) some elements of early Classical style.
Giovanni Giorgi (composer)

Salvatore Lanzetti (1710 – 1780) was an Italian cellist and composer of the late Baroque and early Classical era.

Francesco Saverio Geminiani (baptised 5 December 1687 – 17 September 1762) was an Italian violinist, composer, and music theorist. BBC Radio 3 has described him as "now largely forgotten, but in his time considered almost a musical god, deemed to be the equal of Handel and Corelli."

Nicola Bonifacio Logroscino (1698 – c.1765) was an Italian composer who is best known for his operas.

Ignazio Fiorillo (11 May 1715 – June 1787) was an Italian composer. He is known as an author of opera seria, often composed to the libretti of Pietro Metastasio.

Angiola Teresa Moratori Scanabecchi

Carlo Ignazio Monza (c. 1680 or 1696 - 9 May 1739) was an Italian composer. He was born in Milan and died in Vercelli. Works of his were possibly among the music that formed the basis for the Pulcinella score by Igor Stravinsky. There are recordings of Monza's harpsichord music by .

Giovanni Battista Pescetti (c. 1704 – 20 March 1766) was an organist and composer. Born in Venice around 1704, he studied under Antonio Lotti for some time. Having spent some time writing operas in and around Venice, he left for London in 1736, becoming director of the Opera of the Nobility in 1737. After having to leave London when hostility arose against Catholic Italians, he returned to Venice in 1745 and became Second Organist at St Mark's Basilica. He died in Venice.

Giacomo Antonio Francesco Paolo Michele Insanguine (22 March 1728, Monopoli – 1 February 1795, Naples) was an Italian composer, organist, and music educator. He was the last director (primo maestro) of the conservatoire of Sant'Onofrio in Naples, which merged in 1795, two years after Insanguine's death, with the conservatoire of Santa Maria di Loreto.

Felice Giardini

Angelo Maria Scaccia (ca. 1690 - 29 September 1761) was an Italian composer and violinist. He wrote fourteen concertos for the violin, including the major set of violin concertos, his Opus 1, a set of six, (Amsterdam, c. 1730), the first published by a Milanese composer. He also published a single concerto in 1736. Most of his other surviving works are scattered across a range of manuscript collections; including Pierre Philibert de Blancheton's Fonds Blancheton.

Alessandro Marcello

Benedetto Giacomo Marcello (Italian: [beneˈdetto marˈtʃɛllo]; 31 July or 1 August 1686 – 24 July 1739) was an Italian composer, writer, advocate, magistrate, and teacher.

Maria Margherita Grimani

Francesco Scarlatti (5 December 1666 – c. 1741) was an Italian Baroque composer and musician and the younger brother of the better known Alessandro Scarlatti. Francesco was ever to live under the shadow of his better known relatives, Alessandro Scarlatti (his elder brother) and his nephew, Domenico. However, Francesco himself was an accomplished musician and held a number of appointments. He was born on 5 December 1666 at Palermo, Sicily. Due to the island being under the control of the Kingdom of Naples, Francesco went up to study at the well-known Conservatorio in the city. His first appointment, following his studies, was as a violinist at the Chapel Royal in Naples. His appointment was controversial: a number of Neapolitan musicians resented the young provincial's influence at court. In 1690, he married Rosalinda Albano. She died in 1706 after giving Scarlatti five children. Francesco later travelled around Europe. He visited London in 1719; some sources suggest that this was on the invitation of his friend Handel, whom he had met some years before in Italy. Hardly anything is known of his time in London. It is thought that he probably worked in theatre orchestras. Scarlatti was recommended to James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos by John Arbuthnot. Chandos, a patron of Handel, maintained a musical establishment at his main house, Cannons in Middlesex, but Scarlatti appears not to have joined it. By 1724 Francesco Scarlatti was living in Dublin. His post was reported as 'Master of Musick'. Perhaps whilst in Ireland he remarried. The Dublin Journal of 1733 reports: 'Jane Scarlatti, wife of Francis Scarlatti, Master of Musick, hath eloped from her said husband. This is to desire that nobody may give any credit to the said Jane Scarlatti on account of her said husband; for he will not pay any debts that she shall contract; nor answer any bills she may draw on him.' The last record of Francesco Scarlatti is in 1741, when he was apparently unavailable for a concert due to ill-health. No further record remains of Scarlatti.

Giacomo Insanguine

Quirino Gasparini (1721 – 20 September 1778) was an Italian composer, born in Gandino, near Bergamo, Italy. He studied for the priesthood, but largely devoted his life to music, becoming maestro de capello at Turin's cathedral. His compositions are mainly of church music, including a Stabat Mater which is still performed occasionally. He also wrote several operas, including a 1767 setting of Vittorio Amadeo Cigna-Santi's libretto Mitridate, re di Ponto, which three years later was set by the 14-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart for the 1770 Milan carnival.

Tommaso Giordani (c.1730 to 1733 – before 24 February 1806) was an Italian composer active in England and particularly in Ireland.

Domenico Freschi

Giovanni Bononcini

Vincenzo Maria Righini (22 January 1756 – 19 August 1812) was an Italian composer, singer and kapellmeister.

Pietro Domenico Paradies (also Pietro Domenico Paradisi) (1707 – 25 August 1791), was an Italian composer, harpsichordist and harpsichord teacher, most prominently known for a composition popularly entitled "Toccata in A", which is, in other sources, the second movement of his Sonata No. 6. A reviewer of a modern edition of his sonatas, all first edited by the composer, noted in passing "Paradies (never Paradisi, it seems)" suggesting that Paradisi might be a modern adaptation.

Francesco Durante (31 March 1684 – 30 September 1755) was a Neapolitan composer. He was born at Frattamaggiore, in the Kingdom of Naples, and at an early age he entered the Conservatorio dei poveri di Gesù Cristo, in Naples, where he received lessons from Gaetano Greco. Later he became a pupil of Alessandro Scarlatti at the Conservatorio di Sant'Onofrio. He is also supposed to have studied under Bernardo Pasquini and Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni in Rome, but there is no documentary evidence. He is said to have succeeded Scarlatti in 1725 at Sant' Onofrio, and to have remained there until 1742, when he succeeded Porpora as head of the Conservatorio di Santa Maria di Loreto, also in Naples. This post he held for thirteen years, till his death in Naples. He was married three times.

Niccolò Jommelli (Italian: [nikkoˈlɔ jomˈmɛlli]; 10 September 1714 – 25 August 1774) was a Neapolitan composer. He was born in Aversa and died in Naples. Along with other composers mainly in the Holy Roman Empire and France, he was responsible for certain operatic reforms including reducing ornateness of style and the primacy of star singers somewhat.

Gaetano Pugnani

Leonardo Leo (5 August 1694 – 31 October 1744), more correctly Lionardo Oronzo Salvatore de Leo, was a Neapolitan Baroque composer.

Giovanni Battista Sammartini

Giovanni Battista Pergolesi

Giuseppe Tommaso Giovanni Giordani (December 19, 1751, Naples – January 4, 1798, Fermo) was an Italian composer, mainly of opera. Giordani's parents were Domenico Giordani and Anna Maria Tosato. He studied music in Naples with Domenico Cimarosa and Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli. In 1774 he was appointed as music director of the chapel of the Duomo of Naples. His first opera (L'Epponina) was released in 1779. His sacred drama La distruzione di Gerusalemme was a notable success at the Teatro San Carlo of Naples in 1787. He became maestro di cappella at the Cathedral of Fermo in 1791.

Giulio Maria Lucchesi

Pietro Gnocchi

Maria Rosa Coccia

Maria Brizzi Giorgi (7 August 1775 – 7 January 1812 in Bologna) was an Italian organist, composer and pianist noted for her improvisational ability. She was born in Bologna into a musical family, and began to perform in public at an early age. She served as organist and choral director from 1787–89 with the Sisters of St. Bartholomew in Ancona, and then returned to Bologna where she continued her studies in music.

Niccolò Jommelli

Gaetano Greco

Niccolò Grillo (fl. 1720s) was an Italian composer. He was a teacher at the Conservatory of San Onofrio, Naples until 1723.

Nicola Logroscino

Francesco Feo (1691 – 28 January 1761) was an Italian composer, known chiefly for his operas. He was born and died in Naples, where most of his operas were premièred.

Giovanni Battista Ferrandini (c. 1710 – 25 October 1791), an Italian composer of the Baroque and Classical eras, was born in Venice, Italy and died in Munich, at the age of about 81. He was a child prodigy and entered the service of Duke Ferdinand Maria Innocenz of Bavaria at the age of 12 as an oboist. The newly constructed Bavarian Court Theatre (the Old Residenztheater, now known as the Cuvilliés Theatre after the architect) in Munich opened on 12 October 1753 with Ferrandini's opera Catone in Utica. A recording of the opera made 250 years later in the same theatre is available (Oehms Classics OC 901).

Michele Mascitti

Davide Perez

Giovanni Marco Rutini (25 April 1723 – 22 December 1797) was an Italian composer.

Antonio Maria Mazzoni
Antonio Maria Mazzoni (4 January 1717 – 8 December 1785) was an Italian composer. Born in Milan, the son of a clockmaker, Mazzoni first gained an interest in music at the age of six, and at age fifteen, was sent to study under Swiss German musician and composer, , under who he studied under for three years until 1735. In 1735, he moved to Paris, where he spent the next five years working in multiple high-profile theatres, steadily honing his craft, especially under the mentorship of one particular, Jacques Saint-Antonine before moving to Great Britain, where he spent three years composing music for the King at the time, George II before returning to Milan in 1743. He spent nearly the last ten years of his life in Rome, where he died on 8 December 1785 at the age of 68, perhaps following a

Francesco Feo

Arcangelo Corelli

Maria Margherita Grimani (fl. 1713 – 1718) was an Italian composer who, at some points in her life, was active in Vienna. Very little else about her is known. Among her compositions was the first opera by a woman to be performed at the Vienna court theater. She may have lived at the noble court for periods between 1713 and 1718; however, she was not employed at the court as a musician. She may also have been one of a number of women composers at the Viennese court who were canonesses, a type of Augustinian nun; others included Caterina Benedicta Grazianini, Maria de Raschenau, and Camilla de Rossi.

Niccolò Grillo

Ignazio Pollice (also Pulici) (fl. 1684–1705) was an Italian composer of the Baroque era, from Palermo. He is most famous for his L'innocenza pentita: o vero la Santa Rosalia, which opened the just-built Teatro Santa Cecilia in Palermo in 1693. Few biographical details of Pollice's life are available, but some of his performance history is known. He was a representative of the Neapolitan School, and wrote during a period dominated by Alessandro Scarlatti, who was also from Palermo. In Palermo, opera came late, and principally from Naples; many opera houses and other musical institutions were founded in the city during the closing decades of the 17th century. Pollice wrote both sacred and secular music, including the oratorio La vita rediviva nell'inventione di Santa Croce (1705), the Assalone ribelle and Scalae Jacob (1684 and 1700, respectively), and the opera Isabella ovvero il Principe ermafrodito (1685). The sacred drama L'innocenza pentita o vero la Santa Rosalia opened on 28 October 1693 at the new Teatro Santa Cecilia; the libretto was by Vincenzo Giattino; and the new theatre was built by the Unione dei Musici.

Carlo Ambrogio Lonati

Pietro Filippo Scarlatti (5 January 1679 – 22 February 1750) was an Italian composer, organist and choirmaster. He was born in Rome, the eldest of Alessandro Scarlatti's children and a brother of composer Domenico Scarlatti - began his musical career in 1705 as choirmaster of the cathedral of Urbino. Three years later, in 1708, his father brought him to Naples, where he became an organist at court. In 1728 his only opera Clitarco was premiered at Naples' Teatro San Bartolomeo (the score has gone missing). Other main works include three cantatas and a multitude of keyboard toccatas (one of which has been recorded by Luciano Sgrizzi). He died in Naples in 1750.

Giulio Cesare Rubino was an Italian composer of whom little biographical information is known. He was active in the 17th and 18th centuries. His surviving compositions include a psalm Confitebor and some secular cantatas. One cantata Oh cielo, oh ammore was composed for lady Clelia Caracciolo, marchese of Arena. The cantata Lena was recorded by Marco Beasley.

Paolo Francesco Lorenzani (5 January 1640 – 28 October 1713) was an Italian composer of the Baroque Era. While living in France, he helped promote appreciation for the Italian style of music. Lorenzani was born in Rome and was trained by Orazio Benevoli, maestro di cappella for the Cappella Giulia in The Vatican. He served in Rome as maestro di cappella at the Church of the Gesù and Collegio Romano, the first Jesuit university, which later expanded to become Pontifical Gregorian University. He later served at the cathedral of Messina in Sicily. In 1678, Lorenzani traveled to Paris, hoping to find fortune. His motets were performed for Louis XIV, who recognized his talent and appointed him music master to the queen. Under orders of the king, Lorenzani traveled back to Italy and recruited singers for the monarch's chapel. Despite assistance from Madame de Montespan, he never achieved sufficient popularity to overcome great antagonism from Jean-Baptiste Lully, a great force in French music at the time. Underhanded efforts by Lully probably kept Lorenzani from receiving several available posts at the Chapelle royale in 1683. This setback and the death of the queen marked the beginning of Lorenzani's break with Versailles. Due to his ultramontane beliefs, he was ordered to leave Versailles, thanks to protests made by Lully. Despite all of that, an Italian Serenade in 1684 proved to be a success, thanks to help from Michel Richard Delalande. In Paris, he earned a post as maître de musique at a Theatines monastery. Here, he conducted his own music in the presence of Italophile aristocrats. In 1688, his opera Oronthée, composed in the French style, premiered at the Académie royale in Chantilly. In 1693 Lorenzani published his Grand Motets, which were dedicated to the king. He returned to Rome in 1695 and served as maestro di cappella for the Cappella Giulia.

Musician

Ignazio Fiorillo

La Veu de Catalunya (Catalonia voice) was a Catalan newspaper founded by Enric Prat de la Riba that was published in Barcelona from the first of January 1899 to 8th January 1937, with two editions daily. It was the press organ for the ideological and political program of the Lliga Regionalista and the conservative editorial line, promoted the so-called Autonomia, the normality of the public use of the language, and the Catalan school. From a journalistic point of view, it was a modern newspaper, organized by sections, with correspondents and collaborators in the territory, and a team that combined young people and the best journalists of the time. It was the longest running newspaper in Catalan of the 20th century, with 38 years of daily publication. The header, designed by Domènec i Mo

Giovanni Porta (c. 1677 – 21 June 1755) was an Italian opera composer. His opera Argippo, to a libretto by Domenico Lalli, was premiered in Venice in 1717. Porta is believed to have been born in Venice. One of the masters of early 18th-century opera and one of the leading Venetian musicians, Porta made his way from Rome, to Vicenza, to Verona, then London where his opera was performed in 1720 by the Royal Academy of Music (1719), and eventually back to Venice and Verona, and finally Munich, where he spent the last 18 years of his life.

Giovanni Battista Draghi (Italian: [dʒoˈvanni batˈtista ˈdraːɡi]; 4 January 1710 – 16 or 17 March 1736), often referred to as Giovanni Battista Pergolesi (Italian: [perɡoˈleːzi; -eːsi]), was an Italian composer, violinist and organist. His best-known works include his Stabat Mater and the opera La serva padrona (The Maid Turned Mistress). His compositions include operas and sacred music. He died of tuberculosis at the age of 26.

Italian classical composers

Giulio Maria Lucchesi (died after 1799) was an 18th-century Italian violinist and composer. He was born in Pisa, Italy, but was also active under the archbishop in Salzburg, Austria. He returned to Italy in 1799. Among his masters were Moriano, later Pietro Nardini. He helped train Filippo Gragnani. He left several pieces of vocal and instrumental music.

Francesco Durante (31 March 1684 – 30 September 1755) was a Neapolitan composer. He was born at Frattamaggiore, in the Kingdom of Naples, and at an early age he entered the Conservatorio dei poveri di Gesù Cristo, in Naples, where he received lessons from Gaetano Greco. Later he became a pupil of Alessandro Scarlatti at the Conservatorio di Sant'Onofrio. He is also supposed to have studied under Bernardo Pasquini and Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni in Rome, but there is no documentary evidence. He is said to have succeeded Scarlatti in 1725 at Sant' Onofrio, and to have remained there until 1742, when he succeeded Porpora as head of the Conservatorio di Santa Maria di Loreto, also in Naples. This post he held for thirteen years, till his death in Naples. He was married three times. His fame as a teacher was considerable, and Niccolò Jommelli, Giovanni Paisiello, Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, Niccolò Piccinni and Leonardo Vinci were amongst his pupils. As a teacher, he insisted on the unreasoning observance of rules, differing thus from Scarlatti, who treated all his pupils as individuals. A complete collection of Durante's works, consisting almost exclusively of sacred music, was presented by , a Neapolitan art collector and music theorist, to the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. A catalogue may be found in Fétis's Biographie universelle. The imperial library of Vienna also preserves a valuable collection of Durante's manuscripts. Two requiems, several masses (one of which, a most original work, is the Pastoral Mass for four voices) and the Lamentations of the prophet Jeremiah are amongst his most important settings. His Magnificat achieved popularity partly because of its misattribution to Pergolesi. The fact that Durante never composed for the stage brought him an exaggerated reputation as a composer of sacred music. Considered one of the best church composers of his style and period, he seems to have founded the sentimental school of Italian church music. Nevertheless, Hasse protested against Durante's being described as the greatest harmonist of Italy, a title which he ascribed to Alessandro Scarlatti.

Giovanni Battista or Giambattista Martini, O.F.M. Conv. (24 April 1706 – 3 August 1784), also known as Padre Martini, was an Italian Conventual Franciscan friar, who was a leading musician and composer of the period.

Francesco Mancini (16 January 1672 – 22 September 1737) was a Neapolitan composer.

Maria Brizzi Giorgi

Giovanni Alberto Ristori

Diamante Medaglia Faini

How the Grinch Stole Christmas (also known as Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas and simply The Grinch in the UK) is a 2000 American Christmas fantasy comedy-drama film directed by Ron Howard and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman. Based on Dr. Seuss's 1957 book of the same name, it was the first Dr. Seuss book to be adapted into a full-length feature film. The film is narrated by Anthony Hopkins and stars Jim Carrey in the title role, along with Jeffrey Tambor, Christine Baranski, Bill Irwin, Molly Shannon, and introducing Taylor Momsen as Cindy Lou Who.

Alessandro Rolla

Giulio Cesare Rubino

Vincenzo Righini

Carlo Antonio Nagli (ca. 1680 – 1756) was an Italian composer of Baroque music who was one of a number of Italian baroque musicians to live temporarily or permanently in Croatia.

Egidio Romualdo Duni (11 February 1708 – 11 June 1775) was an Italian composer who studied in Naples and worked in Italy, France and London, writing both Italian and French operas.

Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni

Paolo Lorenzani

Lodovico Giustini

Gabriele Leone

Giovanni Battista Ferrandini (c. 1710 – 25 October 1791), an Italian composer of the Baroque and Classical eras, was born in Venice, Italy and died in Munich, at the age of about 81. He was a child prodigy and entered the service of Duke Ferdinand Maria Innocenz of Bavaria at the age of 12 as an oboist. The newly constructed Bavarian Court Theatre (the Old Residenztheater, now known as the Cuvilliés Theatre after the architect) in Munich opened on 12 October 1753 with Ferrandini's opera Catone in Utica. A recording of the opera made 250 years later in the same theatre is available (Oehms Classics OC 901). In 1755, Ferrandini retired to Padua, where in 1771, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his father Leopold Mozart visited him in retirement.

Niccolò Piccinni (Italian: [nikkoˈlɔ ppitˈtʃinni]; 16 January [O.S. 5 January] 1728 - 7 May 1800) was an Italian composer of symphonies, sacred music, chamber music, and opera. Although he is somewhat obscure today, Piccinni was one of the most popular composers of opera—particularly the Neapolitan opera buffa—of his day.

Giuseppe Tommaso Giovanni Giordani (December 19, 1751, Naples – January 4, 1798, Fermo) was an Italian composer, mainly of opera. Giordani's parents were Domenico Giordani and Anna Maria Tosato. He studied music in Naples with Domenico Cimarosa and Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli. In 1774 he was appointed as music director of the chapel of the Duomo of Naples. His first opera (L'Epponina) was released in 1779. His sacred drama La distruzione di Gerusalemme was a notable success at the Teatro San Carlo of Naples in 1787. He became maestro di cappella at the Cathedral of Fermo in 1791. Until recently, the popular aria Caro Mio Ben (1783) was ascribed to Giuseppe Tommaso Giovanni Giordani. However, scholars now consider Tommaso Giordani, or his father Giuseppe Giordani senior, more likely to be the aria's composer.

Angiola Teresa Moratori Scanabecchi (1662 – 19 April 1708) was an Italian composer and painter.

Teodorico Pedrini

Michele Mascitti (1664 in Villa Santa Maria (from Chieti); 24 April 1760 in Paris) was an Italian violinist and Baroque composer.

Domenico Puccini

Francesco Mancini (composer)

Francesco Onofrio Manfredini (22 June 1684 – 6 October 1762) was an Italian Baroque composer, violinist, and church musician. He was born at Pistoia to a trombonist. He studied violin with Giuseppe Torelli in Bologna, then a part of the Papal States, a leading figure in the development of the concerto grosso. He also took instruction in composition from Giacomo Antonio Perti, maestro di cappella of the Basilica of San Petronio from 1696 when the orchestra was temporarily disbanded.

Federigo Fiorillo (baptized 1 June 1755 Brunswick, Germany, died after 1823) was a mandolinist and composer, who wrote thirty-six caprices for violin, also called études.

Gian Francesco de Majo

Tommaso Giordani

Camilla de Rossi (fl. 1670–1710) was an Italian composer. Several women are known to have composed music in Northern Italy and Austria during the period 1670 to 1725. Of those women, though there is no remaining biographical information, Camilla de Rossi by far has the most surviving works. The only known biographical detail about Camilla is her Roman citizenship. She always signed the title pages of her manuscripts as Romana, or a woman of Roman descent. Rossi composed four oratorios for solo voices and orchestra, all of which were commissioned by Emperor Joseph I of Austria and were performed in the Imperial Chapel in Vienna.

Giacomo Facco (4 February 1676 – 16 February 1753) was an Italian Baroque violinist, conductor and composer. One of the most famous Italian composers of his day, he was completely forgotten until 1962, when his work was discovered by composer, conductor, and musicologist Uberto Zanolli.

Davide Perez (1711 – 30 October 1778) was an Italian opera composer born in Naples of Italian parents, and later resident court composer at Lisbon from 1752. He staged three operas on librettos of Metastasio at Lisbon with huge success in 1753, 1754, and 1755. Following the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, Perez turned from opera mostly to church music.

Antonio Maria Mazzoni (4 January 1717 – 8 December 1785) was an Italian composer. Born in Milan, the son of a clockmaker, Mazzoni first gained an interest in music at the age of six, and at age fifteen, was sent to study under Swiss German musician and composer, , under who he studied under for three years until 1735. In 1735, he moved to Paris, where he spent the next five years working in multiple high-profile theatres, steadily honing his craft, especially under the mentorship of one particular, Jacques Saint-Antonine before moving to Great Britain, where he spent three years composing music for the King at the time, George II before returning to Milan in 1743. He spent nearly the last ten years of his life in Rome, where he died on 8 December 1785 at the age of 68, perhaps following a stroke.

Giovanni Porta

Benedetto Marcello

Maria Brizzi Giorgi (7 August 1775 – 7 January 1812 in Bologna) was an Italian organist, composer and pianist noted for her improvisational ability. She was born in Bologna into a musical family, and began to perform in public at an early age. She served as organist and choral director from 1787–89 with the Sisters of St. Bartholomew in Ancona, and then returned to Bologna where she continued her studies in music. Brizzi married Luigi Giorgi in 1793 and opened a salon, continuing to perform as a pianist in Europe. She was admired as a performer, and Haydn, Muzio Clementi and Leopold Kozeluch dedicated works to her. A military march composed by Brizzi was performed for Napoleon when he passed through Bologna in 1807. She taught music and was member of the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna. She died in Bologna after childbirth at the age of 36.

Giacomo Facco

Felice de Giardini (12 April 1716 – 8 June 1796) was an Italian composer and violinist.

Federigo Fiorillo

Michelangelo Faggioli

Baldassare Galuppi (18 October 1706 – 3 January 1785) was a Venetian composer, born on the island of Burano in the Venetian Republic. He belonged to a generation of composers, including Christoph Willibald Gluck, Domenico Scarlatti, and C. P. E. Bach, whose works are emblematic of the prevailing galant style that developed in Europe throughout the 18th century. He achieved international success, spending periods of his career in Vienna, London and Saint Petersburg, but his main base remained Venice, where he held a succession of leading appointments.

Antonio Lotti

Francesco Geminiani

Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni (Rieti, 18 March 1657 – Rome, 1 February 1743) was an Italian organist and composer. He became one of the leading musicians in Rome during the late Baroque era, the first half of the 18th century.

Giuseppe Avitrano

Francesco Magini

Nicola (Nicolò) Fiorenza (born after 1700 in Naples; died 13 April 1764, Naples) was an Italian violinist and composer of the Neapolitan Baroque period.

Ridolfo Luigi Boccherini (, also US: , Italian: [riˈdɔlfo luˈiːdʒi bokkeˈriːni] (); February 19, 1743 – May 28, 1805) was an Italian composer and cellist of the Classical era whose music retained a courtly and galante style even while he matured somewhat apart from the major European musical centers. He is best known for a minuet from his String Quintet in E, Op. 11, No. 5 (G 275), and the Cello Concerto in B flat major (G 482). The latter work was long known in the heavily altered version by German cellist and prolific arranger Friedrich Grützmacher, but has recently been restored to its original version. Boccherini also composed several guitar quintets, including the "Fandango", which was influenced by Spanish music. His biographer Elisabeth Le Guin noted among Boccherini's musical qualities "an astonishing repetitiveness, an affection for extended passages with fascinating textures but virtually no melodic line, an obsession with soft dynamics, a unique ear for sonority, and an unusually rich palette of introverted and mournful affects." Many of his other biographers and admirers see his music quite differently and in a much more appreciated light.

Italian composer and poet

Alessandro Ignazio Marcello (Italian: [marˈtʃɛllo]; 1 February 1673 – 19 June 1747 in Venice) was an Italian nobleman and composer.

Giuseppe de Majo

Giovanni Battista Lampugnani (c. 1708 – 2 June 1786) was an Italian composer, born in Milan. He studied in Naples where he made his debut as a composer of opera in 1732. In 1743 he went to London to take over the Opera from Baldassare Galuppi at the King's Theatre, but he soon returned to Milan. Lampugnani later became the maestro al cembalo (meaning "master of the harpsichord") in 1779 at the Teatro alla Scala. Lampugnani wrote thirty operas during his lifetime, such as Semiramide (1741), Rossane, Tigrane (1747), Artaserse, Siroe (1755) and L'amor contadino (1760). He also composed some non-operatic pieces, e.g., trio sonatas and church music. He died in Milan.
Giovanni Battista Lampugnani

Baldassare Galuppi

Composer

Gian Francesco de Majo (24 March 1732 – 17 November 1770) was an Italian composer. He is best known for his more than 20 operas. He also composed a considerable amount of sacred works, including oratorios, cantatas, and masses.

Giovanni Battista Ferrandini

Vincenzo Manfredini (22 October 1737 – 5 or 16 August 1799) was an Italian composer, harpsichordist and a music theorist.

Giuseppe Giordani

Giovanni Domenico Freschi (26 March 1634 – 2 July 1710) was an Italian composer and Roman Catholic priest. From the age of 22 until his death he worked as a church musician and composer in Vincenza. He was also active as an opera composer from 1671 to 1685.

Nicola Francesco Haym

Salvatore Lanzetti

Alexandro Marie Antoin Fridzeri or Frixer (born Verona January 16, 1741, died Antwerp 1825) was the most renowned of mandolin virtuosi, a clever violinist, organist, and a composer whose works met with popular favor. Among his works were sonatas and chamber music and operas. His life began and ended with tragic notes, losing his eyesight and later his home and possessions. Music historian Philip J. Bone called Fridzeri " an artist of undoubted genius and a man of most remarkable character, which was fully tried under great adversity." The late Giuseppe Bellenghi, mandolinist and composer, dedicated his variations for mandolin and piano on the Carnival of Venice, to the memory of Fridzeri, the blind mandolin player and composer.

Gabriele Leone (born Naples c. 1735 – 1790) was an Italian musician and composer who lived in Paris during the middle and later part of the 18th century. A virtuoso on the violin and mandolin, he wrote an early mandolin method, Analytical method for mastering the violin or the mandolin in 1768 and composed for both instruments. He was an early teacher of the duo method, an advanced technique which would reappear in the 20th century, taught by Giuseppe Pettine in the United States.

How the Grinch Stole Christmas (also known as Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas and simply The Grinch in the UK) is a 2000 American Christmas fantasy comedy-drama film directed by Ron Howard and written by Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman. Based on Dr. Seuss's 1957 book of the same name, it was the first Dr. Seuss book to be adapted into a full-length feature film. The film is narrated by Anthony Hopkins and stars Jim Carrey in the title role, along with Jeffrey Tambor, Christine Baranski, Bill Irwin, Molly Shannon, and introducing Taylor Momsen as Cindy Lou Who. Because the film is based on a children's picture book, many additions were made to the storyline to bring it up to feature-length, including some information about the backstory of the title character and reworking the story's minor character Cindy Lou Who as a main character. Most of the rhymes that were used in the book were also used in the film, though some of the lines were to some degree changed and several new rhymes were put in. The film also borrowed some music and character elements that originated in the 1966 animated television special, such as the Grinch's green skin tone. Produced by Howard and Brian Grazer's Imagine Entertainment, Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! was released by Universal Pictures on November 17, 2000, to mixed reviews from critics, mostly criticizing the screenplay and innuendos, while the musical score, Carrey's performance, visual aspects, and production values (particularly Rick Baker's makeup effects) were favorably praised. The film grossed over $345 million worldwide, becoming the sixth-highest grossing film of 2000 and was originally the second highest-grossing holiday film of all-time behind Home Alone (1990), until both movies were surpassed in 2018 by the third film adaptation of the story. It won the Academy Award for Best Makeup as well as getting nominations for Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design.

Giovanni Antonio Giay

Egidio Duni

Gabriele Leone (born Naples c. 1735 – 1790) was an Italian musician and composer who lived in Paris during the middle and later part of the 18th century. A virtuoso on the violin and mandolin, he wrote an early mandolin method, Analytical method for mastering the violin or the mandolin in 1768 and composed for both instruments. He was an early teacher of the duo method, an advanced technique which would reappear in the 20th century, taught by Giuseppe Pettine in the United States. In the 1700s, the mandolin spread across Europe for the first time, through performances by masters of the instrument. Leone was one of those early masters who spread the mandolin in Europe, giving concerts and teaching. He spent time in London (1762–1763) as director of the London Opera before returning to Paris where he performed at the Concert Spirituel from 1760 to 1766. One of his students was Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, the father of King Louis Philippe I (the last French king). Leone was born in Naples about 1835. While he was a boy, what we now call the Neapolitan mandolin was being perfected by the Vinnaccia family, about 1844–1850. That Leone played and taught the Neapolitan mandolin is confirmed by his mandolin method, which shows a picture of the 8-stringed instrument and its tuning.

Quirino Gasparini (1721 – 20 September 1778) was an Italian composer, born in Gandino, near Bergamo, Italy. He studied for the priesthood, but largely devoted his life to music, becoming maestro de capello at Turin's cathedral. His compositions are mainly of church music, including a Stabat Mater which is still performed occasionally. He also wrote several operas, including a 1767 setting of Vittorio Amadeo Cigna-Santi's libretto Mitridate, re di Ponto, which three years later was set by the 14-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart for the 1770 Milan carnival. One of Gasparini's arias, preferred by the tenor singer over Mozart's version of it, was sung at the Milan performance and is still included in modern publications of the opera's score. According to some accounts, Gasparini tried to subvert the Milan prima donna Antonia Bernasconi, attempting to persuade her to sing his settings of her arias rather than Mozart's. His ruse was, however, unsuccessful. He died in Turin in 1778.

Gaetano Greco (c. 1657 – c. 1728) was an Italian Baroque composer. He was the younger brother of Rocco Greco ( c.1650 - before 1718). Both brothers were trained at, and later taught at the Poveri di Gesu` Cristo conservatory in Naples. Gaetano Greco's teachers included Giovanni Salvatore and Gennaro Ursino, and possibly Francesco Provenzale. It is also possible that he studied with Alessandro Scarlatti. Leonardo Vinci, Giuseppe Porsile, Nicola Porpora, and Domenico Scarlatti (perhaps also Giovanni Battista Pergolesi) were among his pupils. His successor at the conservatory was Francesco Durante.

Gaetano Pugnani (27 November 1731 – 15 July 1798, full name: Giulio Gaetano Gerolamo Pugnani) was an Italian composer and violinist.

Lorenzo Maria Petronio Gibelli (24 November 1718 – 5 November 1812) was an Italian composer, singer, and singing teacher. Also known as "Gibellone", he was born in Bologna and studied music there under Giovanni Battista Martini. He was elected to the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna in 1741 and made a "Principe" (Prince) of the academy in 1753. He served as maestro di cappella of several churches in Bologna, most notably the Chiesa del Santissimo Salvatore. He had only a modest career as an opera singer, despite having a voice of an extraordinarily wide vocal range from bass to the lower tenor notes. However, he became highly regarded as a voice teacher. Amongst his pupils were the castrato singers Girolamo Crescentini and and the tenor Matteo Babbini. His compositions include five operas

Antonio Maria Montanari (29 November 1676 in Modena – 2 April 1737 in Rome) was an Italian violinist and composer of the Baroque period.

Giovanni Battista Pescetti (c. 1704 – 20 March 1766) was an organist and composer. Born in Venice around 1704, he studied under Antonio Lotti for some time. Having spent some time writing operas in and around Venice, he left for London in 1736, becoming director of the Opera of the Nobility in 1737. After having to leave London when hostility arose against Catholic Italians, he returned to Venice in 1745 and became Second Organist at St Mark's Basilica. He died in Venice. Pescetti was active as a teacher of composition in Venice; his most famous students being Josef Mysliveček (1737–1781) and Antonio Salieri (1750–1825). Although his output consists mainly of operatic works, a considerable amount of Pescetti's compositions were written for harpsichord, some intended to be performed on pipe organ, including his Six Sonatas, composed around 1756. Today, his keyboard sonatas are generally performed on a modern piano, though various recordings exist that use the intended organ.

Lodovico Giustini (12 December 1685 – 7 February 1743) was an Italian composer and keyboard player of the late Baroque and early Classical eras. He was the first known composer ever to write music for the piano.

Giovanni Antonio Giay (sometimes spelled Giaj; 11 June 1690 – 10 September 1764) was an Italian composer. His compositional output includes 15 operas, 5 symphonies, and a significant amount of sacred music.

Domenico Vincenzo Maria Puccini (5 April 1772 – 25 May 1815) was an Italian composer, a contemporary of Muzio Clementi and Johann Nepomuk Hummel. Puccini was born in Lucca into a Tuscan musical family of at least five generations: his father was , his grandfather was Giacomo Puccini (senior), his son was , and his grandson was the opera composer Giacomo Puccini. His works include a piano concerto in B and several dozen piano sonatas. Puccini died in Lucca in 1815.

Giovanni Battista Lampugnani (c. 1708 – 2 June 1786) was an Italian composer, born in Milan. He studied in Naples where he made his debut as a composer of opera in 1732. In 1743 he went to London to take over the Opera from Baldassare Galuppi at the King's Theatre, but he soon returned to Milan. Lampugnani later became the maestro al cembalo (meaning "master of the harpsichord") in 1779 at the Teatro alla Scala. He died in Milan.

Giovanni Battista Martini

Giovanni Battista Pescetti

Giuseppe Sammartini

Francesco Magini (Fano, between 1668 and 1670–1714) was a minor Italian composer active in Rome in the first decade of the eighteenth century.

Niccolò Piccinni

Ignazio Pollice (also Pulici) (fl. 1684–1705) was an Italian composer of the Baroque era, from Palermo. He is most famous for his L'innocenza pentita: o vero la Santa Rosalia, which opened the just-built Teatro Santa Cecilia in Palermo in 1693.

Alexandro Marie Antoin Fridzeri

Antonio Montanari

Carlo Ambrogio Lonati, baptized Giovanni Ambrogio Leinati, also Lunati; (c.1645 – c.1712) was an Italian composer, violinist and singer. Francesco Maria Veracini described him in 1760 as one of the most virtuoso violinists of his century.

Francesco Gasparini

Giuseppe Maria Nelvi (1698–1756) was an Italian composer of sacred music, opera, and oratorio. He was born in Bologna, where he also received his musical education, studying under Angelo Bertalotti, Floriano Aresti, Giovanni Antonio Ricieri, and Angelo Predieri. In 1718, at the age of 20, he was appointed maestro di cappella at the Confraternity of Santa Maria della Morte and in 1722 became a member of the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna. In 1727 he went to Poland to serve as the music director for General Wacław Rzewuski, a post previously held by Giovanni Antonio Ricieri. He returned to Italy in 1730 where he remained for a year before going to Germany. There he worked in Frankfurt and Hamburg and was the composer to the Thurn und Taxis court in Regensburg, a post which he held until 17

Caterina Benedicta Grazianini

Baldassare Galuppi (18 October 1706 – 3 January 1785) was a Venetian composer, born on the island of Burano in the Venetian Republic. He belonged to a generation of composers, including Christoph Willibald Gluck, Domenico Scarlatti, and C. P. E. Bach, whose works are emblematic of the prevailing galant style that developed in Europe throughout the 18th century. He achieved international success, spending periods of his career in Vienna, London and Saint Petersburg, but his main base remained Venice, where he held a succession of leading appointments. In his early career Galuppi made a modest success in opera seria, but from the 1740s, together with the playwright and librettist Carlo Goldoni, he became famous throughout Europe for his comic operas in the new dramma giocoso style. To the succeeding generation of composers, he was known as "the father of comic opera". Some of his mature opere serie, for which his librettists included the poet and dramatist Metastasio, were also widely popular. Throughout his career Galuppi held official positions with charitable and religious institutions in Venice, the most prestigious of which was maestro di cappella at the Doge's chapel, St Mark's Basilica. In these various capacities he composed a large amount of sacred music. He was also highly regarded as a virtuoso performer on and composer for keyboard instruments. In the latter half of the 19th century, Galuppi's music was largely forgotten outside of Italy, and Napoleon's invasion of Venice in 1797 resulted in Galuppi's manuscripts being scattered around Western Europe, and in many cases, destroyed or lost. Galuppi's name persists in the English poet Robert Browning's 1855 poem "A Toccata of Galuppi's", but this has not helped maintain the composer's work in the general repertoire. Some of Galuppi's works were occasionally performed in the 200 years after his death, but it was not until the last years of the 20th century that his compositions were extensively revived in live performance and on recordings.

Bernardo Pasquini (Massa e Cozzile, 7 December 1637 – Rome, 21 November 1710) was an Italian composer of operas, oratorios, cantatas and keyboard music. A renowned virtuoso keyboard player in his day, he was one of the most important Italian composers for harpsichord between Girolamo Frescobaldi and Domenico Scarlatti, having also made substantial contributions to the opera and oratorio.

Giuseppe de Majo (di Maio; 5 December 1697 – 18 November 1771) was an Italian composer and organist. He was the father of the composer Gian Francesco de Majo. His compositional output consists of 10 operas, an oratorio, a concerto for 2 violins, and a considerable amount of sacred music.

Camilla de Rossi (fl. 1670–1710) was an Italian composer. Several women are known to have composed music in Northern Italy and Austria during the period 1670 to 1725. Of those women, though there is no remaining biographical information, Camilla de Rossi by far has the most surviving works. The only known biographical detail about Camilla is her Roman citizenship. She always signed the title pages of her manuscripts as Romana, or a woman of Roman descent. Rossi composed four oratorios for solo voices and orchestra, all of which were commissioned by Emperor Joseph I of Austria and were performed in the Imperial Chapel in Vienna. All of Rossi’s surviving works demonstrate an intimate knowledge of stringed instruments and, as Barbara Garvey Jackson describes, "a keen interest in tone color". Her oratorios are all for solo voices; none of her works use choruses. She calls for various instruments (chalumeaux, archlute, trumpets, oboe) with string orchestra (including continuo). Her oratorio, Il Sacrifizio di Abramo, reveals her knowledge of instruments, strings in particular, but also demands two chalumeaux, an instrument first heard in Vienna in 1707, one year before her oratorio was performed for the first time in 1708. Her cantata Frá Dori e Fileno is for strings and two soloists. Where she learned these skills as a musician and as a composer are entirely unknown as of today. Especially given the fact that she was a woman from Rome, she would not have had access to the musical gatherings fostered by the pope and his cardinals.

Nicola Sabatino (also: Sabbatini and Sabatini; 1705–1796) was a Neapolitan composer. Sabatino was born in Naples and became one of the late baroque Neapolitan composers centred on the Music conservatories of Naples and the opera at the Teatro di San Carlo typified by Porpora, Leonardo Leo, Francesco Durante. In November 1774 Sabatino directed his own music for the funeral of Niccolò Jommelli.

Carlo Ignazio Monza

Francesco Onofrio Manfredini (22 June 1684 – 6 October 1762) was an Italian Baroque composer, violinist, and church musician. He was born at Pistoia to a trombonist. He studied violin with Giuseppe Torelli in Bologna, then a part of the Papal States, a leading figure in the development of the concerto grosso. He also took instruction in composition from Giacomo Antonio Perti, maestro di cappella of the Basilica of San Petronio from 1696 when the orchestra was temporarily disbanded. Although he composed oratorios, only his secular works remain in the repertoire. A contemporary of Johann Sebastian Bach and Antonio Vivaldi, his extant work shows the influence of the latter. He became a violinist, c. 1700, in the orchestra of the Church of San Spirito in Ferrara. In 1704, however, he returned to Bologna, employed again in the re-formed orchestra of San Petronio. He became a member of the Accademia Filarmonica in the same year he published his first compositions, a set of twelve chamber sonatas he named Concertini per camera, Op. 1. In 1709, he also published Sinfonie da chiesa, Op. 2; ostensibly chamber pieces, they, in fact, complemented the earlier chamber sonatas. After 1711, Manfredini spent an extended stay in Monaco, apparently in the service of Prince Antoine I. The prince had been a pupil of Louis XIV's favorite composer Jean Baptiste Lully, whose conductor's baton he had inherited. The precise nature of his relationship to the court of Monaco, and the length of his stay, are not known. Manfredini is first mentioned in court records in 1712. In 1718 he would publish, in Bologna, his Concerti Grossi for two violins and basso continuo, Op. 3, Nos. 1-12 which is dedicated to that ruler. Also copies of his , Op. 2 were found in the princely library. One indication of the nature of the relationship is that Prince Antoine stood as godfather to Manfredini's son Antonio Francesco; four other children were born to him during his stay in the principality. Given even this slim evidence, it can be inferred that both parties were satisfied by the arrangement since the composer does not reappear in the historical records until the year 1727, when he had returned to Pistoia as maestro di cappella at St. Phillip's Cathedral, a post he would hold until his death in 1762. Much of his music is presumed to have been destroyed after his death; only 43 published works and a handful of manuscripts are known. To quote his Naxos biography, "His groups of Concerti Grossi and Sinfonias show a highly accomplished composer, well versed in the mainstream Italian school of composition." The Naxos label has released a 1991 recording of the Opus 3 (catalog number: 8.553891), recorded by the Slovakian Capella Istropolitana, conducted by Jaroslav Krček. The liner notes further suggest that his name "may have...disappeared had he not composed a Christmas Concerto (No. 12 of Op. 3).... [T]hese concerti grossi...demonstrate a gift for easy melodic invention." Two of his sons, Vincenzo and Giuseppe, had careers of some note. The former was appointed maestro di cappella of the Italian opera in St. Petersburg. Giuseppe became a castrato singer.

Francesco Scarlatti

Francesco Durante

Nicola Fago

Arcangelo Corelli (, also UK: , US: , Italian: [arˈkandʒelo koˈrɛlli]; 17 February 1653 – 8 January 1713) was an Italian violinist and composer of the Baroque era. His music was key in the development of the modern genres of sonata and concerto, in establishing the preeminence of the violin, and as the first coalescing of modern tonality and functional harmony.

Pietro Domenico Paradies

Gaetano Latilla (12 January 1711 – 15 January 1788) was an Italian opera composer, the most important of the period immediately preceding Niccolò Piccinni (his nephew). Latilla was born in Bari, and studied at the Loreto Conservatory in Naples. He began writing comic operas for the Teatro dei Fiorentini in Naples in 1732, and is best known for his settings of Gismondo (Rome, 1737) and Madama Ciana (Rome, 1738). These two works, along with two by Rinaldo da Capua, formed the core of the traveling Italian comic opera repertory of the 1740s and early 1750s. He also wrote some opere serie, the first of which was a setting of Demofoonte (Venice, 1738). He died in Naples.

La Veu de Catalunya (Catalonia voice) was a Catalan newspaper founded by Enric Prat de la Riba that was published in Barcelona from the first of January 1899 to 8th January 1937, with two editions daily. It was the press organ for the ideological and political program of the Lliga Regionalista and the conservative editorial line, promoted the so-called Autonomia, the normality of the public use of the language, and the Catalan school. From a journalistic point of view, it was a modern newspaper, organized by sections, with correspondents and collaborators in the territory, and a team that combined young people and the best journalists of the time. It was the longest running newspaper in Catalan of the 20th century, with 38 years of daily publication. The header, designed by Domènec i Montaner, showed a quadribarred eagle. Josep Pla and in their day, and journalism historian Josep Maria Figueres, nowadays, have considered La Veu the best Catalan newspaper ever.

Maria Margherita Grimani (fl. 1713 – 1718) was an Italian composer who, at some points in her life, was active in Vienna. Very little else about her is known. Among her compositions was the first opera by a woman to be performed at the Vienna court theater. She may have lived at the noble court for periods between 1713 and 1718; however, she was not employed at the court as a musician. She may also have been one of a number of women composers at the Viennese court who were canonesses, a type of Augustinian nun; others included Caterina Benedicta Grazianini, Maria de Raschenau, and Camilla de Rossi. Grimani's known works include an opera, specifically a componimento dramatico or opus dramaticum, which may or may not have been staged, Pallade e Marte, dedicated in Bologna on April 5, 1713 and first performed at the imperial theater on the nameday of Emperor Charles VI on November 4, 1713 at the imperial theater. It was scored for two voices, oboe and string orchestra. Her oratorios were also performed at the imperial theater: La visitazione di Elisabetta, performed in 1713 and again in 1718, and La decollazione di S Giovanni Battista, performed in 1715. The librettists are unknown. Both celebrate Charles's military success against the "infidels". Grimani may have been related to the powerful Grimani family, perhaps to Pietro Grimani, who negotiated an alliance between Charles VI and Venice (of which Pietro was later doge) against the Turks, in the same year that Maria's Pallade was performed at court. In addition, George Frideric Handel's patron and librettist for Agrippina, Vincenzo Grimani, was viceroy of Naples at the time. Nevertheless, Maria's exact relationship to the Grimani family is unclear. All of Grimani's works use small forces—two singers, a couple of obbligato instruments, and a continuo group, including cello and theorbo. Their form follows the standards of the time, as exemplified in Alessandro Scarlatti's works. This included a number of da capo arias with ritornelli and recitative secco.

Teodorico Pedrini, C.M. (June 30, 1671 – December 10, 1746), also known by his Chinese name De Lige (Chinese: 德理格), was an Italian Vincentian priest, musician and composer, but mainly missionary for 36 years at the Imperial Court of China.

Diamante Medaglia Faini (28 August 1724 – 13 June 1770) was an Italian poet and composer. She was a member of the academies Accademia degli Agiati (1751), Orditidi Padova under the name Nisea Corcirense, Arcadia in Rome (1757). She was known for her love poems, and also composed sonnets and madrigals. She was the daughter of the doctor Antonio Medaglia, and married the doctor Pietro Antonio Faini in 1748. Her father arranged the marriage because he disliked her fame, and the marriage forced her to stop using love as a theme of her poems. She was a controversial poet, and stopped her activity in the academies when they tried to force her to adjust herself to accepted convention. She died during her studies in philosophy, history, French and science.

Nicola Sabatino

Lorenzo Gibelli

Alessandro Speranza (1728 - 17 November 1797) was an Italian composer. His opera I due Figaro was very popular during his lifetime and enjoyed revivals in Italy after his death well into the 19th century; including at La Scala in 1840 with Raffaele Scalese in the title role.

Francesco Gasparini (19 March 1661 – 22 March 1727) was an Italian Baroque composer and teacher whose works were performed throughout Italy, and also on occasion in Germany and England.

Camilla de Rossi

Giuseppe Francesco Gaspare Melchiorre Baldassare Sammartini (also Gioseffo, S Martini, St Martini, San Martini, San Martino, Martini, Martino; 6 January 1695 – between 17 and 23 November 1750) was an Italian composer and oboist during the late Baroque and early Classical era. Although he was from Milan, most of his professional life was spent in London and with Frederick, the Prince of Wales.

Nicola Francesco Haym (6 July 1678 – 31 July 1729) was an Italian opera librettist, composer, theatre manager and performer, literary editor and numismatist. He is best remembered for adapting texts into libretti for the London operas of George Frideric Handel and Giovanni Bononcini. Libretti that he provided for Handel included those for Giulio Cesare, Ottone, Flavio, Tamerlano, Rodelinda, and several others; for Bononcini, he produced two, Calfurnia and Astianatte.

Luigi Boccherini

Paolo Francesco Lorenzani (5 January 1640 – 28 October 1713) was an Italian composer of the Baroque Era. While living in France, he helped promote appreciation for the Italian style of music. Lorenzani was born in Rome and was trained by Orazio Benevoli, maestro di cappella for the Cappella Giulia in The Vatican. He served in Rome as maestro di cappella at the Church of the Gesù and Collegio Romano, the first Jesuit university, which later expanded to become Pontifical Gregorian University. He later served at the cathedral of Messina in Sicily.

Giovanni Battista Sammartini (c. 1700 – 15 January 1775) was an Italian composer, oboist, organist, choirmaster and teacher. He counted Gluck among his students, and was highly regarded by younger composers including Johann Christian Bach. It has also been noted that many stylizations in Joseph Haydn's compositions are similar to those of Sammartini, although Haydn denied any such influence. Sammartini is especially associated with the formation of the concert symphony through both the shift from a brief opera-overture style and the introduction of a new seriousness and use of thematic development that prefigure Haydn and Mozart. Some of his works are described as galant, a style associated with Enlightenment ideals, while "the prevailing impression left by Sammartini's work... [is that] h

Caterina Benedicta Grazianini (fl. early 18th century) was an Italian composer of oratorios in Vienna. She was among the female composers of oratorios in Vienna who, according to Wellesz, were regular canonesses, rather than employed at the court. This group included Maria de Raschenau, Maria Margherita Grimani, and Camilla de Rossi. Grazianini is known only through her two surviving works, the oratorios S Gemignano vescovo e protettore di Modena (performed 1705 and 1715) and S Teresa. On one of these is a note to the effect that it was performed for the ladies of Modena and Brunswick, and was very well received. Her works are in two sections and an Italian overture, for four soloists and string orchestra.

Nicola Fiorenza

Giuseppe Maria Nelvi (1698–1756) was an Italian composer of sacred music, opera, and oratorio. He was born in Bologna, where he also received his musical education, studying under Angelo Bertalotti, Floriano Aresti, Giovanni Antonio Ricieri, and Angelo Predieri. In 1718, at the age of 20, he was appointed maestro di cappella at the Confraternity of Santa Maria della Morte and in 1722 became a member of the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna. In 1727 he went to Poland to serve as the music director for General Wacław Rzewuski, a post previously held by Giovanni Antonio Ricieri. He returned to Italy in 1730 where he remained for a year before going to Germany. There he worked in Frankfurt and Hamburg and was the composer to the Thurn und Taxis court in Regensburg, a post which he held until 1734. On his return to Bologna he was made a "Principe" (Prince) of the Accademia Filarmonica. From 1738 until his death he was maestro di cappella of the Cathedral of Orvieto.

Giovanni Alberto Ristori (1692 - 7 February 1753) was an Italian opera composer and conductor. He is thought to have been born in Bologna, and was the son of Tommaso Ristori, the leader of an opera troupe belonging to the King of Poland and Elector of Saxony August II the Strong (based in Dresden). August II 'loaned' his opera troupe to the Russian Empress Anna for the celebration of her coronation in Moscow. Ristori died in Dresden.

Teodorico Pedrini, C.M. (June 30, 1671 – December 10, 1746), also known by his Chinese name De Lige (Chinese: 德理格), was an Italian Vincentian priest, musician and composer, but mainly missionary for 36 years at the Imperial Court of China. Pedrini was born in Fermo, in the Marche, then part of the Papal States. He was the founder of the Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Beijing. He was the music teacher to three sons of the Qing Dynasty's Kangxi Emperor, he was co-author of the first treatise on Western Music theory ever written in Chinese: the LǜlǚZhèngyì-Xùbiān, later included in the Siku Quanshu.

Giuseppe Antonio Avitrano (Naples, c. 1670 – Naples, 19 March 1756) was an Italian composer and violinist. Avitrano came from a family of musicians. From about 1690 until his death he was member of the Neapolitan court orchestra.

La Veu de Catalunya

Pietro Gnocchi (February 27, 1689 – December 9, 1775) was an Italian composer, choir director, historian, and geographer of the late Baroque era, active mainly in Brescia, where he was choir director of Brescia Cathedral. In addition to composing an abundance of eccentrically-titled sacred music, all of which remains in manuscript, he wrote a 25-volume history of ancient Greek colonies.

Bernardo Sabadini (also known as Sabatini) (died November 26, 1718) was an Italian opera composer. He may have been a native of Venice. A number of his operas appear to have been revisions of works by other composers to an unknown extent. He died at Parma.

Pietro Antonio Fiocco (or Pier Antonio or Pierre-Antoine) (3 February 1654 – 3 September 1714) was an Italian Baroque composer.

Giovanni Bononcini (or Buononcini) (18 July 1670 – 9 July 1747) (sometimes cited also as Giovanni Battista Bononcini) was an Italian Baroque composer, cellist, singer and teacher, one of a family of string players and composers.

Diamante Medaglia Faini (28 August 1724 – 13 June 1770) was an Italian poet and composer. She was a member of the academies Accademia degli Agiati (1751), Orditidi Padova under the name Nisea Corcirense, Arcadia in Rome (1757). She was known for her love poems, and also composed sonnets and madrigals.

How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film)

Francesco Nicola Fago, 'II Tarantino' (26 February 1677 – 18 February 1745) was an Italian Baroque composer and teacher. He was the father of Lorenzo Fago (1704-1793).

Giovanni Battista Sammartini (c. 1700 – 15 January 1775) was an Italian composer, oboist, organist, choirmaster and teacher. He counted Gluck among his students, and was highly regarded by younger composers including Johann Christian Bach. It has also been noted that many stylizations in Joseph Haydn's compositions are similar to those of Sammartini, although Haydn denied any such influence. Sammartini is especially associated with the formation of the concert symphony through both the shift from a brief opera-overture style and the introduction of a new seriousness and use of thematic development that prefigure Haydn and Mozart. Some of his works are described as galant, a style associated with Enlightenment ideals, while "the prevailing impression left by Sammartini's work... [is that] he contributed greatly to the development of a Classical style that achieved its moment of greatest clarity precisely when his long, active life was approaching its end". He is often confused with his brother, Giuseppe, a composer with a similarly prolific output (and the same initials).

Michelangelo Faggioli (1666–1733) was an Italian lawyer and celebrated amateur composer of humorous cantatas in Neapolitan dialect. A founder of a new genre of Neapolitan comedy, he was the composer of the opera buffa La Cilla in 1706.

Quirino Gasparini

Bernardo Sabadini

Alessandro Speranza

Geminiano Giacomelli (sometimes Jacomelli) (28 May 1692 – 25 January 1740) was an Italian composer.

Leonardo Leo

Alessandro Rolla (Italian pronunciation: [alesˈsandro ˈrɔlla]; 22 April 1757 – 15 September 1841) was an Italian viola and violin virtuoso, composer, conductor and teacher. His son, Antonio Rolla, was also a violin virtuoso and composer.

Bernardo Pasquini

Gaetano Latilla

Angelo Maria Scaccia

Vincenzo Manfredini

Alessandro Rolla (Italian pronunciation: [alesˈsandro ˈrɔlla]; 22 April 1757 – 15 September 1841) was an Italian viola and violin virtuoso, composer, conductor and teacher. His son, Antonio Rolla, was also a violin virtuoso and composer. His fame now rests mainly as "teacher of the great Paganini", yet his role was very important in the development of violin and viola technique. Some of the technical innovations that Paganini later used largely, such as left-hand pizzicato, chromatic ascending and descending scales, the use of very high positions on violin and viola, octave passages, were first introduced by Rolla.

Ridolfo Luigi Boccherini (, also US: , Italian: [riˈdɔlfo luˈiːdʒi bokkeˈriːni] (); February 19, 1743 – May 28, 1805) was an Italian composer and cellist of the Classical era whose music retained a courtly and galante style even while he matured somewhat apart from the major European musical centers. He is best known for a minuet from his String Quintet in E, Op. 11, No. 5 (G 275), and the Cello Concerto in B flat major (G 482). The latter work was long known in the heavily altered version by German cellist and prolific arranger Friedrich Grützmacher, but has recently been restored to its original version.

Carlo Antonio Nagli

Gaetano Latilla (12 January 1711 – 15 January 1788) was an Italian opera composer, the most important of the period immediately preceding Niccolò Piccinni (his nephew). Latilla was born in Bari, and studied at the Loreto Conservatory in Naples. He began writing comic operas for the Teatro dei Fiorentini in Naples in 1732, and is best known for his settings of Gismondo (Rome, 1737) and Madama Ciana (Rome, 1738). These two works, along with two by Rinaldo da Capua, formed the core of the traveling Italian comic opera repertory of the 1740s and early 1750s. He also wrote some opere serie, the first of which was a setting of Demofoonte (Venice, 1738).

Pietro Antonio Fiocco

Francesco Manfredini

Francesco Scarlatti (5 December 1666 – c. 1741) was an Italian Baroque composer and musician and the younger brother of the better known Alessandro Scarlatti. Francesco was ever to live under the shadow of his better known relatives, Alessandro Scarlatti (his elder brother) and his nephew, Domenico. However, Francesco himself was an accomplished musician and held a number of appointments. In 1690, he married Rosalinda Albano. She died in 1706 after giving Scarlatti five children.

Geminiano Giacomelli

Giuseppe Maria Nelvi

Pietro Filippo Scarlatti

Ignazio Pollice