Articles needing cleanup from September 2019

The bombing of Kassa took place on 26 June 1941, when still unidentified aircraft conducted an airstrike on the city of Kassa, then a part of Hungary, today Košice in Slovakia. This attack became the pretext for the government of Hungary to declare war on the Soviet Union the next day, 27 June. Hours after the attack, the Hungarian cabinet "passed a resolution calling for the declaration of the existence of a state of war between Hungary and the USSR."

Honey Davenport

Viridi

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14thMinister of State for Small Business, Tourism and Agriculture

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Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Initially, a person who is infected does not have symptoms and typically remains this way for 5 to 20 years. Infection can lead to damage of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This nerve damage may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, which can lead to the loss of parts of a person’s extremities from repeated injuries or infection due to unnoticed wounds. An infected person may also experience weakness and poor eyesight.

In recipes, quantities of ingredients may be specified by mass (commonly called weight), by volume, or by count. For most of history, most cookbooks did not specify quantities precisely, instead talking of "a nice leg of spring lamb", a "cupful" of lentils, a piece of butter "the size of a walnut", and "sufficient" salt. Informal measurements such as a "pinch", a "drop", or a "hint" (soupçon) continue to be used from time to time. In the US, Fannie Farmer introduced the more exact specification of quantities by volume in her 1896 Boston Cooking-School Cook Book.

Jimmy Fallon

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Maxime Bernier (born January 18, 1963) is a Canadian businessman, lawyer, and politician serving as Member of Parliament for the riding of Beauce since 2006. He is the founder and current leader of the People's Party of Canada.

Corrosive substance

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Tingis

Sportspeople from Vancouver

CS1 errors: missing periodical

Viridi is a simulation video game developed by Ice Water Games. The game was released onto Microsoft Windows and OS X on August 20, 2015, and onto iOS and Android on June 20, 2016. The game tasks players to look after a pot of succulents. The game takes on a freemium model, meaning the game is free-to-play, but contains microtransactions.

History of New Zealand

2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa

The 2019–20 season will be Carlisle United's 115th season in their history and their sixth consecutive season in League Two. Along with League Two, the club will also participate in the FA Cup, EFL Cup and EFL Trophy. The season covers the period from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020.

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Chair of theNational Defence Select Committee

This is an incomplete list of New York State Historic Markers in Ulster County, New York.

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List of sultans of the Maldives

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This article lists the monarchs of the Maldives. All the rulers before King Koimala only ruled over parts of the Maldives or Deeva Maari (and Dheeva Mahal) as it was known then. Koimala was the first king to rule over all the islands of the Maldives as we know today and the island of Maliku. The Maldives was turned into a Sultanate in 1153 when the Buddhist King Dhovemi converted to Islam. Prior to that the Maldives was a Buddhist Kingdom, a Hindu Kingdom and before that a matriarchal society with each atoll ruled by a chief queen according to some accounts or by others, several theocratic societies ruled by priests known as Sawamias of heliolatric, selenolatric and astrolatric religions. The formal title of the Sultan up to 1965 was, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand islands and Sultan of the Maldives which came with the style Highness. After independence in 1965 the Sultan assumed the title King with the style Majesty. The main official Royal residence of the Sultan was the Etherekoilu, a palace in Malé.

Soyuz TMA-13 (Russian: Союз ТМА-13, Union TMA-13) was a Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS). The spacecraft was launched by a Soyuz-FG rocket at 07:01 GMT on 12 October 2008. It undocked at 02:55 GMT on 8 April 2009, performed a deorbit burn at 06:24, and landed at 07:16. By some counts, Soyuz TMA-13 is the 100th Soyuz spacecraft to be crewed.

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People's Mujahedin of Iran
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Canadiana (web series)

The history of New Zealand dates back approximately 700 years to when it was discovered and settled by Polynesians, who developed a distinct Māori culture. Like other Pacific cultures, Māori society was centred on kinship links and connection with the land but, unlike them, it was adapted to a cool, temperate environment rather than a warm, tropical one.

A dry port (sometimes inland port) is an inland intermodal terminal directly connected by road or rail to a seaport and operating as a centre for the transshipment of sea cargo to inland destinations. In addition to their role in cargo transshipment, dry ports may also include facilities for storage and consolidation of goods, maintenance for road or rail cargo carriers and customs clearance services. The location of these facilities at a dry port relieves competition for storage and customs space at the seaport itself.

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2020 United States Senate election in Iowa

Anne Leadbeater was awarded an Order of Australia OAM for services to the community following the 2019 bushfires, and is a fellow of the EMPA (Emergency Media and Public Affairs). She was acknowledged for her community leadership in recovering from fires, in the aftermath of Black Saturday and she is a national expert on leading recovery for communities who have experienced trauma, particularly from bushfire and are seeking different ways to move forward. She works with communities who are recovering from fire, drought, flood and cyclone in various states in Australia including Queensland, Victoria, New South Wales, and South Australia. In 2014, she led an international team working with the Christchurch Earthquake Appeal for New Zealand Red Cross.

Marvel Comics is the brand name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc., formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, a publisher of American comic books and related media. In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Marvel Worldwide's parent company.

Soyuz TMA-13

The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran, or the Mojahedin-e Khalq (Persian: سازمان مجاهدين خلق ايران‎, romanized: sâzmân-e mojâhedīn-e khalq-e īrân, abbreviated MEK, PMOI or MKO), is an Iranian political-militant organization based on Islamic and socialist ideology. It advocates overthrowing the Islamic Republic of Iran leadership and installing its own government. The MEK was the "first Iranian organization to develop systematically a modern revolutionary interpretation of Islam – an interpretation that differed sharply from both the old conservative Islam of the traditional clergy and the new populist version formulated in the 1970s by Ayatollah Khomeini and his government". It is also considered the Islamic Republic of Iran's biggest and most active political opposition group.

At Eighteen

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This is a list of architects who have designed completed or topped-out skyscrapers over 300 m (980 ft) tall (supertall).

Tambacara

Olexander Smakula

Honey Davenport is the stage name of James Heath-Clark (born August 13, 1985), an American drag performer, singer and activist best known as a fixture of the New York City nightlife scene and as a contestant on season 11 of RuPaul's Drag Race. Davenport released her debut EP Raw and Unfiltered in 2019. She previously had a dance group, The Hunties, and fronted a band, ELECTROHONEY, whose 2013 album features her vocals. In October 2018, Davenport attracted national media attention for quitting her longtime job as a show host at The Monster, a Manhattan gay bar, in protest of racism she encountered there. Prior to appearing on Drag Race, she was active in the pageant circuit of the drag community, where she won 18 titles between 2013 and 2019. New York magazine named Davenport one of the top

Michael Hardy, known professionally as Hardy, is an American country music singer and songwriter. He has written songs for Florida Georgia Line, Chris Lane, Blake Shelton, Mackenzie Porter and Morgan Wallen, and has released his own music through Big Loud Records.

Articles with bare URLs for citations from September 2019

James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host, singer, writer, and producer. He is known for his work in television as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and as the host of late-night talk show The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon and before that Late Night with Jimmy Fallon. He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy. He was commissioned to join NBC's Saturday Night Live as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream. Fallon remained on SNL for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the program's Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process. He left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as Taxi (2004) and Fever Pitch (2005). Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon on NBC studios in 2009, where he became well known for his emphasis on music and video games. He moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running The Tonight Show in 2014. In addition to his television work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and five books.

Mesolithic

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At Eighteen (Korean: 열여덟의 순간; RR: Yeolyeodeolbui sun-gan; lit. Moment of Eighteen) is a 2019 South Korean television series starring Ong Seong-wu, Kim Hyang-gi, Shin Seung-ho and Kang Ki-young. The series marks Ong's first official lead role. It aired from July 22 to September 10, 2019.

Downton Abbey is a 2019 British historical period drama film written by Julian Fellowes and directed by Michael Engler. It is a continuation of the television series of the same name, created by Fellowes, that ran on ITV from 2010 to 2015. Much of the original cast returns, including Hugh Bonneville, Laura Carmichael, Jim Carter, Michelle Dockery, Elizabeth McGovern, Maggie Smith, and Penelope Wilton. It was revealed in late 2018 that Lily James, who played Lady Rose MacClare in the TV series, and Samantha Bond, who played Lady Rosamund Painswick in the show, would not be returning. The film is set in 1927, and features a royal visit to Downton Abbey by King George V and Queen Mary. It was released on 13 September 2019 in the United Kingdom.

Max Casella (born Maximilian Deitch; June 6, 1967) is an American actor. He is known for his roles on the television series The Sopranos, Boardwalk Empire, Doogie Howser, M.D., Vinyl, Cro and the voice of Daxter in the Jak and Daxter video game series.

Rdeysky Nature Reserve, Rdeysky Zapovednik (Russian: Рдейский заповедник) is a nature reserve (a zapovednik) in the northwest of Russia, located in Poddorsky and Kholmsky Districts of Novgorod Oblast, in the . The reserve is about 180 km southeast of the city of Pskov. It was established on May 25, 1994. The nature reserve is created to protect the raised bog ecosystems of the Northwestern Russia.

The 2020 United States Senate election in Iowa will be held on November 3, 2020, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Iowa, concurrently with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Michael Hardy

A corrosive substance is one that will damage or destroy other substances with which it comes into contact by means of a chemical reaction.

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Marvel Comics

El Chapo (Shorty)

Maxime Bernier (born January 18, 1963) is a Canadian businessman, lawyer, and politician serving as Member of Parliament for the riding of Beauce since 2006. He is the founder and current leader of the People's Party of Canada. Prior to being elected, Bernier held positions in law, financial and banking fields. After being elected, he served as Minister of Industry, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of State for Small Business and Tourism, which later became the Minister of State for Small Business and Tourism and Agriculture in the cabinet of then-Prime Minister Stephen Harper. Following the Conservatives' defeat in the 2015 election, he served as opposition critic for Innovation, Science and Economic Development in the shadow cabinets of Rona Ambrose and Andrew Scheer, until June 12, 2018. He ran in the 2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, and came in a close second with over 49% of the vote in the 13th round, after leading the eventual winner, Andrew Scheer, in the first 12 rounds. On August 23, 2018, citing disagreements with Scheer's leadership, he resigned from the Conservative Party to create his own party. The party's name, the People's Party of Canada, was announced on September 14, 2018.

Dwayne John Bravo (born 7 October 1983) is a Trinidadian cricketer, who played all formats of the game and a former captain of West Indies in all formats and plays league cricket for Chennai Super Kings & Quetta Gladiators. A genuine all-rounder, Bravo bats right-handed and bowls right-arm medium-fast pace. He is particularly known for his aggressive batting in the middle order, and for his "at the death" bowling. He is also known for his variety of lengths he can bowl at. He also performs as a singer.
Dwayne Bravo

Cities in Sri Lanka

Mark Collett

In Old World archaeology, Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos "middle"; λίθος, lithos "stone") is the period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic. The term Epipaleolithic is often used synonymously, especially for outside northern Europe, and for the corresponding period in the Levant and Caucasus. The Mesolithic has different time spans in different parts of Eurasia. It refers to the final period of hunter-gatherer cultures in Europe and Western Asia, between the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and the Neolithic Revolution. In Europe it spans roughly 15,000 to 5,000 BP; in Southwest Asia (the Epipalaeolithic Near East) roughly 20,000 to 8,000 BP. The term is less used of areas further east, and not at all beyond Eurasia and North Africa.

Downton Abbey

The 2019–20 season is Hull City's third consecutive season in the Championship and their 116th year in existence. Along with the Championship, the club will compete in the FA Cup and EFL Cup. The season covers the period from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020.

Doyle Bramhall II

Red

James Thomas Fallon (born September 19, 1974) is an American comedian, actor, television host, singer, writer, and producer. He is known for his work in television as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and as the host of late-night talk show The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon and before that Late Night with Jimmy Fallon. He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue opportunities in stand-up comedy.

Big Hero 6: The Series is an American superhero comedy animated television series, produced by Disney Television Animation and developed by Kim Possible creators Mark McCorkle and Bob Schooley. The series is based on Disney's 2014 film Big Hero 6, which itself is loosely based on the comic book series Big Hero 6 published by Marvel Comics. The series is a sequel as it takes place after the events of the film and uses traditional hand-drawn animation. It premiered with a 43-minute (two part) episode titled "Baymax Returns" on Disney XD on November 20, 2017. In 2018, the series was moved from Disney XD to Disney Channel before the series premiere. The series formally premiered with two new episodes on Disney Channel on June 9, 2018. The second season premiered on May 6, 2019 with a third season confirmed prior.

Hardy (singer)

Columbus Delano

Mark Adrian Collette

The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa will be held on November 3, 2020, to elect the four U.S. Representatives from the state of Iowa, one from each of the state's four congressional districts. The elections will coincide with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

Nano-thermite or super-thermite is a metastable intermolecular composite (MICs) characterized by a particle size of its main constituents, a metal and a metal oxide, under 100 nanometers. This allows for high and customizable reaction rates. Nano-thermites contain an oxidizer and a reducing agent, which are intimately mixed on the nanometer scale. MICs, including nano-thermitic materials, are a type of reactive materials investigated for military use, as well as for general applications involving propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics.

Use dmy dates from September 2010

Gaer

Dry port

Diffusion line

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Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera (; Spanish: [xoaˈkin aɾtʃiˈβaldo ɣusˈman loˈeɾa]; born 4 April 1957), commonly known as "El Chapo" ("Shorty", pronounced [el ˈtʃapo]) because of his 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) stature, is a Mexican drug lord and former leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, an international crime syndicate. He is considered to have been the most powerful drug trafficker in the world.

سازمان مجاهدين خلق

Socialist Campaign Group

Big Hero 6: The Series is an American superhero comedy animated television series, produced by Disney Television Animation and developed by Kim Possible creators Mark McCorkle and Bob Schooley. The series is based on Disney's 2014 film Big Hero 6, which itself is loosely based on the comic book series Big Hero 6 published by Marvel Comics. The series is a sequel as it takes place after the events of the film and uses traditional hand-drawn animation. It premiered with a 43-minute (two part) episode titled "Baymax Returns" on Disney XD on November 20, 2017. In 2018, the series was moved from Disney XD to Disney Channel before the series premiere. The series formally premiered with two new episodes on Disney Channel on June 9, 2018.

Tarrah Harvey

Tinjis (also called Tinga, and also spelled as Tingis) was the wife of Antaeus in Berber and Greek mythology, and some kind of a female deity. Her husband was the son of Poseidon and Gaia.

Leprosy

Tiësto's Club Life is Dutch DJ Tiësto's weekly radio show that was formerly broadcast on Radio 538 in the Netherlands. It was broadcast on 3FM, but in 2015, Tiësto came back to Radio 538. The show started broadcasting on 6 April 2007 every Friday evening, from 10 PM CET to midnight. The show is also frequently broadcast on the Sirius and XM satellite radio channel Electric AREA. The show was originally called Club Nouveau for the first five episodes, but was renamed as Club Life. The show is split into two parts. The first hour features a mix of current hits, and in the second hour Tiësto presents a variety of electronic genres, including minimal, house and trance. The show also features exclusive releases from Tiësto's own label, Black Hole Recordings. The free podcast is released the following Monday on iTunes as well as on Xbox Music without the 15 Minutes of Fame. 1worldspace and Sirius Satellite Radio/XM Satellite Radio in the United States later started broadcasting the show. It is broadcast on Electric Area (Channel 52 on Sirius and XM) as part of their Global Domination lineup on Saturday nights. The show is broadcast on Radio 538 on Friday nights between 22:00 CET and midnight and on Electric Area on Saturday nights between 10:00 p.m. ET and 12:00 a.m. ET. The first hour is also available as a podcast on the Radio 538 website and on iTunes audio podcasts. In 2012, Tiësto launched Tiësto's Club Life Radio, a 24/7 commercial-free music channel. The channel features a variety of electronic dance music including progressive house, electro, trance and downtempo, all selected by Tiësto. Other DJs also appear on the channel. Tiësto's Club Life Radio was available in the Dance/Electronic category through the SiriusXM App for smartphones and mobile devices, and on channel 340 on Edge satellite radios and on SiriusXM Internet Radio. The channel left the air and the SiriusXM lineup on June 24, 2017. The Club Life program continues to air on Electric Area. Each week, Tiësto's Club Life Radio airs a countdown of Tiësto's current favorite songs during the weekly special "Tiësto’s Top Ten," as well as new and classic editions of Tiësto’s "Club Life" radio show, which currently airs on SiriusXM’s Electric Area, channel 52, on Saturdays at 10:00 pm ET.

El Rápido (Speedy)

In the United Kingdom, singles are certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) when they pass 600,000 units as measured by the Official Charts Company. Since July 2013, this has been automatically applied by the BPI as a single reaches the threshold of any multiple of 600,000 rather than relying on the record companies to apply for the awards or limiting awards to releases after 1973 (when the awards system was first set up). Since 1 January 1989, the number of sales required to qualify for Silver, Gold and Platinum discs has been 200,000, 400,000 and 600,000, respectively. Prior to this, the thresholds were 250,000 (Silver), 500,000 (Gold) and 1,000,000 (Platinum). For singles released before the current thresholds, only digital sales since 2005 are used to calculate the certification: so, for example, "Eye of the Tiger" by Survivor was a Gold record from 1982 (500,000 copies) and passed 1 million sales before 2010, but was only certified Platinum in 2014 for 600,000 digital sales (streams and downloads), while its total sales exceeded 1.46 million. From February 2005, downloads became eligible and for awards made in or after July 2014, audio streaming has been included at a rate of 100 streams equivalent to one unit (with any streams from the start of 2014 being counted). In the tables below the certifications are all multiples of 600,000 units unless otherwise stated and separated according to whether streaming is included. On 22 July 2013, a large number of certifications were made for singles whose sales passed awards thresholds once digital sales since 2005 were added, and again in July 2014 once audio streams from the start of 2014 were added.

Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera (; Spanish: [xoaˈkin aɾtʃiˈβaldo ɣusˈman loˈeɾa]; born 4 April 1957), commonly known as "El Chapo" ("Shorty", pronounced [el ˈtʃapo]) because of his 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) stature, is a Mexican drug lord and former leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, an international crime syndicate. He is considered to have been the most powerful drug trafficker in the world. Guzmán was born in Sinaloa and raised in a poor farming family. He endured physical abuse at the hands of his father, and also entered the drug trade through his father, helping him grow marijuana for local dealers during his early adulthood. Guzmán began working with Héctor Luis Palma Salazar by the late 1970s, one of the nation's rising drug lords. He helped Salazar map routes to move drugs through Sinaloa and into the United States. He later supervised logistics for Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, one of the nation's leading kingpins in the mid 1980s, but Guzmán founded his own cartel in 1988 after Gallardo's arrest. Guzmán oversaw operations whereby mass cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana, and heroin were produced, smuggled into, and distributed throughout the United States and Europe, the world's largest users. He achieved this by pioneering the use of distribution cells and long-range tunnels near borders, which enabled him to export more drugs to the United States than any other trafficker in history. Guzmán's leadership of the cartel also brought immense wealth and power; Forbes ranked him as one of the most powerful people in the world between 2009 and 2013, while the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) estimated that he matched the influence and wealth of Pablo Escobar. Guzmán was first captured in 1993 in Guatemala and was extradited and sentenced to 20 years in prison in Mexico for murder and drug trafficking. He bribed prison guards and escaped from a federal maximum-security prison in 2001. His status as a fugitive resulted in an $8.8 million combined reward from Mexico and the U.S. for information leading to his capture, and he was arrested in Mexico in 2014. He escaped prior to formal sentencing in 2015, through a tunnel under his jail cell. Mexican authorities recaptured him following a shoot-out in 2016 and extradited him to the U.S. a year later. In 2019, he was found guilty of a number of criminal charges related to his leadership of the Sinaloa Cartel, and is currently serving a life sentence at ADX Florence.

In the United Kingdom, singles are certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) when they pass 600,000 units as measured by the Official Charts Company. Since July 2013, this has been automatically applied by the BPI as a single reaches the threshold of any multiple of 600,000 rather than relying on the record companies to apply for the awards or limiting awards to releases after 1973 (when the awards system was first set up).

Minnesota–Wisconsin football rivalry

Max Casella

Canadiana is a documentary web series about Canadian history. The series premiered on the Canadiana YouTube channel on August 14, 2017. Episodes are hosted and feature on-location footage, cut-out archival animations and visual effects. In January 2018 the Bell Fund announced it would fund Canadiana's second season. In 2019, the series won a Golden Sheaf Award for Best Research and a Canadian Cinema Editors Award for Best Editing in a Web Based Series.

Yazidism

Arthur Murray Goodhart

In Old World archaeology, Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos "middle"; λίθος, lithos "stone") is the period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic. The term Epipaleolithic is often used synonymously, especially for outside northern Europe, and for the corresponding period in the Levant and Caucasus. The Mesolithic has different time spans in different parts of Eurasia. It refers to the final period of hunter-gatherer cultures in Europe and Western Asia, between the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and the Neolithic Revolution. In Europe it spans roughly 15,000 to 5,000 BP; in Southwest Asia (the Epipalaeolithic Near East) roughly 20,000 to 8,000 BP. The term is less used of areas further east, and not at all beyond Eurasia and North Africa. The type of culture associated with the Mesolithic varies between areas, but it is associated with a decline in the group hunting of large animals in favour of a broader hunter-gatherer way of life, and the development of more sophisticated and typically smaller lithic tools and weapons than the heavy chipped equivalents typical of the Paleolithic. Depending on the region, some use of pottery and textiles may be found in sites allocated to the Mesolithic, but generally indications of agriculture are taken as marking transition into the Neolithic. The more permanent settlements tend to be close to the sea or inland waters offering a good supply of food. Mesolithic societies are not seen as very complex, and burials are fairly simple; grandiose burial mounds are another mark of the Neolithic.

Tinjis

Rdeysky Nature Reserve

Dwayne John Bravo (born 7 October 1983) is a Trinidadian cricketer, who played all formats of the game and a former captain of West Indies in all formats and plays league cricket for Chennai Super Kings & Quetta Gladiators. A genuine all-rounder, Bravo bats right-handed and bowls right-arm medium-fast pace. He is particularly known for his aggressive batting in the middle order, and for his "at the death" bowling. He is also known for his variety of lengths he can bowl at. He also performs as a singer. Since 2004, Bravo has played 40 Test matches, 164 One Day Internationals and 66 Twenty20 Internationals for the West Indies. He was a key member of the West Indies team that won the 2012 ICC World Twenty20 and 2016 ICC World Twenty20 titles. In domestic cricket, Bravo has played for his native Trinidad and Tobago since 2002. He has also played for the Chennai Super Kings in the Indian Premier League, the Lahore Qalanders and Quetta Gladiators in the Pakistan Super League, the Melbourne Renegades in the Big Bash League, the Chittagong Kings in the Bangladesh Premier League, and Kent and Essex in English county cricket. In 2013, he was named as a franchise player at the launch of the Caribbean Premier League

Blake Anderson

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Yazidism or Sharfadin is a monotheistic faith based on belief in one God, who created the world and entrusted it into the care of seven Holy Beings, often known as Angels or heft sirr (the Seven Mysteries). Preeminent among these angels is Tawûsê Melek (also written as "Melek Taus") who is the leader of the angels and who has authority over the world.

Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán

The Braemar Alliance is a group of ASX-listed public and private mining and exploration companies with projects located in the Braemar region between Peterborough in South Australia and Broken Hill in neighboring New South Wales. The group was formed in 2011 with the intention of devising shared infrastructure solutions to provide water, power and freight corridors for the benefit of all members' projects. The Alliance's member companies have considered using existing outports and developing new ones on the eastern coast of Spencer Gulf to facilitate bulk exports, chiefly of iron ore. These include developing transshipping facilities at Port Pirie and building entirely new facilities at Myponie Point and south of Wallaroo (provisionally called Port Havilah). In July 2011, the Braemar Allia

Bombing of Kassa

Cooking weights and measures

Arthur Murray Goodhart (christened 25 July 1866 – 1941) was a British composer and organist. Goodhart was born in Wimbledon, Surrey, England in 1866 to Eleanor and Charles Woide Goodhart. He was educated at Eton College and then King's College, Cambridge, where he was a member of the Pitt Club. He was a pupil of Sir Joseph Barnby and Frederick Bridge, then a housemaster at Eton College. He later lived in Brighton and he contributed to The Triumphs of Oriana (1899). Precentor of Eton College, 1875–1892, then principal of Guildhall School of Music, London. Conductor of the Concerts of the Royal Academy of Music, 1886–1888.

Gillian Slovo

The Braemar Alliance is a group of ASX-listed public and private mining and exploration companies with projects located in the Braemar region between Peterborough in South Australia and Broken Hill in neighboring New South Wales. The group was formed in 2011 with the intention of devising shared infrastructure solutions to provide water, power and freight corridors for the benefit of all members' projects. The Alliance's member companies have considered using existing outports and developing new ones on the eastern coast of Spencer Gulf to facilitate bulk exports, chiefly of iron ore. These include developing transshipping facilities at Port Pirie and building entirely new facilities at Myponie Point and south of Wallaroo (provisionally called Port Havilah). In July 2011, the Braemar Alliance had determined that its magnetite processing would require 50 gigalitres of water per year (135 megalitres per day) and that the water would be provided via a yet-to-be-constructed seawater desalination plant to be located on Spencer Gulf. In 2011, the Braemar Alliance's membership included Carpentaria Exploration, Havilah Resources, Minotaur Exploration, Royal Resources and U3O8 and private companies, Sinosteel PepinNini Curnamona Management, Bonython Metals Group and Wentworth Metal Group.

Big Hero 6: The Series

2018 Baltimore Orioles season

Doyle Bramhall II (born December 24, 1968) is an American musician, producer, guitarist, and songwriter known for his work with Eric Clapton, Roger Waters, and many others. He is the son of the songwriter and drummer Doyle Bramhall.

The Minnesota–Wisconsin football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Minnesota Golden Gophers and Wisconsin Badgers. It is the most-played rivalry in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, with 128 meetings between the two teams. The winner of the game receives Paul Bunyan's Axe, a tradition that started in 1948 after the first trophy, the Slab of Bacon, disappeared after the 1943 game when the Badgers were meant to turn it over to the Golden Gophers. Minnesota and Wisconsin first played in 1890 and have met every year since, except for 1906. The series is tied 60–60–8 through 2018. Wisconsin took the series lead for the first time after shutting out Minnesota 31–0 in the 2017 game; Minnesota had led the overall series since 1902, at times by as many as 20 games. Minnesota won the last meeting, snapping a 14-game winning streak by Wisconsin.

2019 Penn State Nittany Lions football team

Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Initially, a person who is infected does not have symptoms and typically remains this way for 5 to 20 years. Infection can lead to damage of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This nerve damage may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, which can lead to the loss of parts of a person’s extremities from repeated injuries or infection due to unnoticed wounds. An infected person may also experience weakness and poor eyesight. Leprosy is spread between people, although extensive contact is necessary. About 95% of people who contact M. Leprea do not develop the disease. Spread is thought to occur through a cough or contact with fluid from the nose of a person infected by leprosy. Leprosy is not spread during pregnancy to the unborn children or through sexual contact. Leprosy occurs more commonly among people living in poverty. Genetic factors and immune function play a role in how easily a person catches the disease. The two main types of disease – paucibacillary and multibacillary – differ in the number of bacteria present. A person with paucibacillary disease has five or fewer poorly pigmented numb skin patches while a person with multibacillary disease has more than five. The diagnosis is confirmed by finding acid-fast bacilli in a biopsy of the skin or by detecting the bacteria's DNA using polymerase chain reaction. Leprosy is curable with multidrug therapy. Treatment of paucibacillary leprosy is with the medications dapsone, rifampicin, and clofazimine for six months. Treatment for multibacillary leprosy uses the same medications for 12 months. A number of other antibiotics may also be used. These treatments are provided free of charge by the World Health Organization. People with leprosy can live with their families and go to school and work. At the end of 2016, there were 173,000 leprosy cases globally, down from 5.2 million in the 1980s. The number of new cases in 2016 was 216,000. Most new cases occur in 14 countries, with India accounting for more than half. In the past 20 years, 16 million people worldwide have been cured of leprosy. About 200 cases per year are reported in the United States. Leprosy has affected humanity for thousands of years. The disease takes its name from the Greek word λέπρᾱ (léprā), from λεπῐ́ς (lepís; "scale"), while the term "Hansen's disease" is named after the Norwegian physician Gerhard Armauer Hansen. Leprosy has historically been associated with social stigma, which continues to be a barrier to self-reporting and early treatment. Separating people affected by leprosy by placing them in leper colonies still occurs in some areas of India, China, and Africa. However, most colonies have closed, since leprosy is not very contagious. Some consider the word "leper" offensive, preferring the phrase "person affected with leprosy". Leprosy is classified as a neglected tropical disease. World Leprosy Day was started in 1954 to draw awareness to those affected by leprosy.

Canadiana is a documentary web series about Canadian history. The series premiered on the Canadiana YouTube channel on August 14, 2017. Episodes are hosted and feature on-location footage, cut-out archival animations and visual effects. In January 2018 the Bell Fund announced it would fund Canadiana's second season. In 2019, the series won a Golden Sheaf Award for Best Research and a Canadian Cinema Editors Award for Best Editing in a Web Based Series. Canadiana has been featured on Global News, Newstalk 1010 and Elmnt FM, and has received praise by blogs and podcasts for its approach to Canadian history.

Honey Davenport is the stage name of James Heath-Clark (born August 13, 1985), an American drag performer, singer and activist best known as a fixture of the New York City nightlife scene and as a contestant on season 11 of RuPaul's Drag Race. Davenport released her debut EP Raw and Unfiltered in 2019. She previously had a dance group, The Hunties, and fronted a band, ELECTROHONEY, whose 2013 album features her vocals. In October 2018, Davenport attracted national media attention for quitting her longtime job as a show host at The Monster, a Manhattan gay bar, in protest of racism she encountered there. Prior to appearing on Drag Race, she was active in the pageant circuit of the drag community, where she won 18 titles between 2013 and 2019. New York magazine named Davenport one of the top 100 Most Powerful Drag Queens in America in June 2019.

The 2019 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represents Pennsylvania State University in the 2019 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team is led by sixth-year head coach James Franklin and plays its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania. They are a member of the Big Ten East Division of the Big Ten Conference.

The history of New Zealand dates back approximately 700 years to when it was discovered and settled by Polynesians, who developed a distinct Māori culture. Like other Pacific cultures, Māori society was centred on kinship links and connection with the land but, unlike them, it was adapted to a cool, temperate environment rather than a warm, tropical one. The first European explorer known to sight New Zealand was Dutch navigator Abel Tasman on 13 December 1642. He explored and charted the coastline but never landed. Captain James Cook, who reached New Zealand in October 1769 on the first of his three voyages, was the first European explorer to circumnavigate and map New Zealand. From the late 18th century, the country was regularly visited by explorers and other sailors, missionaries, traders and adventurers. In 1840 the Treaty of Waitangi was signed between the British Crown and various Māori chiefs, bringing New Zealand into the British Empire and giving Māori the same rights as British subjects. However, disputes over the differing translations of the Treaty and settler desire to acquire land from Māori led to the New Zealand Wars from 1843. There was extensive British settlement throughout the rest of the century and into the early part of the next century. The New Zealand Wars and the imposition of a European economic and legal system led to most of New Zealand's land passing from Māori to Pākehā (European) ownership, and most Māori subsequently became impoverished. From the 1890s the New Zealand Parliament enacted a number of progressive initiatives, including women's suffrage and old age pensions. After becoming a self-governing dominion with the British Empire in 1907, the country remained an enthusiastic member of the empire, and over 100,000 New Zealanders fought in World War I as part of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force. After the war, New Zealand signed the Treaty of Versailles (1919), joined the League of Nations, and pursued an independent foreign policy, while its defence was still controlled by Britain. When World War II broke out in 1939, New Zealanders contributed to the defence of the British Empire; the country contributed some 120,000 troops. From the 1930s the economy was highly regulated and an extensive welfare state was developed. Meanwhile, Māori culture underwent a renaissance, and from the 1950s Māori began moving to the cities in large numbers. This led to the development of a Māori protest movement which in turn led to greater recognition of the Treaty of Waitangi in the late 20th century. The country's economy suffered in the aftermath of the 1973 global energy crisis, the loss of New Zealand's biggest export market upon Britain's entry to the European Economic Community, and rampant inflation. In 1984, the Fourth Labour Government was elected amid a constitutional and economic crisis. The interventionist policies of the Third National Government were replaced by "Rogernomics", a commitment to a free market economy. Foreign policy after 1980 became more independent especially in pushing for a nuclear-free zone. Subsequent governments have generally maintained these policies, although tempering the free market ethos somewhat.

Philippine mythology refers to the body of myths, tales, and belief systems held by Filipinos (composed of more than a hundred ethnic peoples in the Philippines), originating from various cultures and traditions of the peoples of what eventually became the Philippines. Philippine mythology is incorporated from various sources, having similarities with Indonesian and Malay myths, as well as Hindu, Muslim, Shinto, Buddhist, and Christian traditions, such as the notion of heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan, kamurawayan, etc.), hell (kasamaan, sulad, etc.), and the human soul (kaluluwa, kaulolan, makatu, ginokud, etc.). Philippine mythology attempts to explain the nature of the world through the lives and actions of deities (called anitos in the north and diwatas in the south), heroes, and myth

Companies formerly listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange

2019–20 Carlisle United F.C. season

BioAmber

Wikipedia articles containing buzzwords

James Clark

List of Platinum singles in the United Kingdom awarded since 2000

Tinga

BioAmber Inc. is a Delaware registered (USA Parent Corp) Canadian sustainable chemicals company that was headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Its proprietary technology platform combined industrial biotechnology and chemical catalysis to convert renewable feedstock into building block chemicals for use in a wide variety of everyday products including plastics, resins, food additives and personal care products. BioAmber was listed on the New York Stock Exchange between May 2013 and February 2018, under the symbol BIOA. It was also listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the same symbol. BioAmber remains a listed Delaware registered corporation, it no longer has any offices or facilities in Canada after completion of a CCAA arrangement, in which all major assets were sold off.

Arthur Murray Goodhart (christened 25 July 1866 – 1941) was a British composer and organist. Goodhart was born in Wimbledon, Surrey, England in 1866 to Eleanor and Charles Woide Goodhart. He was educated at Eton College and then King's College, Cambridge, where he was a member of the Pitt Club. He was a pupil of Sir Joseph Barnby and Frederick Bridge, then a housemaster at Eton College. He later lived in Brighton and he contributed to The Triumphs of Oriana (1899).

Maxime Bernier

Tiësto's Club Life is Dutch DJ Tiësto's weekly radio show that was formerly broadcast on Radio 538 in the Netherlands. It was broadcast on 3FM, but in 2015, Tiësto came back to Radio 538. The show started broadcasting on 6 April 2007 every Friday evening, from 10 PM CET to midnight. The show is also frequently broadcast on the Sirius and XM satellite radio channel Electric AREA. The show was originally called Club Nouveau for the first five episodes, but was renamed as Club Life.

Olexander Smakula (Ukrainian: Олександр Теодорович Смакула, Russian: Александр Теодорович Смакула) (1900 in Dobrovody, Austria–Hungary, today Ukraine – 17 May 1983 in Auburn, Massachusetts, USA), also described in English as Alexander Smakula, was a Ukrainian physicist known for the invention of anti-reflective lens coatings based on optical interference.

Nano-thermite or super-thermite is a metastable intermolecular composite (MICs) characterized by a particle size of its main constituents, a metal and a metal oxide, under 100 nanometers. This allows for high and customizable reaction rates. Nano-thermites contain an oxidizer and a reducing agent, which are intimately mixed on the nanometer scale. MICs, including nano-thermitic materials, are a type of reactive materials investigated for military use, as well as for general applications involving propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics. What distinguishes MICs from traditional thermites is that the oxidizer and a reducing agent, normally iron oxide and aluminium, are in the form of extremely fine powders (nanoparticles). This dramatically increases the reactivity relative to micrometre-sized powder thermite. As the mass transport mechanisms that slow down the burning rates of traditional thermites are not so important at these scales, the reaction proceeds much more quickly.

2019–20 Hull City A.F.C. season

List of architects of supertall buildings

The Socialist Campaign Group of Labour MPs, often known as the Campaign Group, is a left-wing, democratic socialist grouping of Labour Party Members of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. It was formed in December 1982 following the 1981 deputy leadership election when a number of 'soft left' MPs, led by Neil Kinnock, refused to back Tony Benn's campaign, leading a number of left-wing MPs to split from the Tribune Group to form the Socialist Campaign Group. It was at a meeting of the Campaign Group in July 2015 that the decision was taken that Jeremy Corbyn would challenge for the leadership of the Labour Party. The Campaign Group maintains close links with Momentum, trade unions and other left wing campaign groups within and outside of the party.

Blake Raymond Anderson (born March 2, 1984) is an American actor, comedian, producer, screenwriter, and fashion designer. He is best known for starring in and co-creating the Comedy Central series Workaholics.

Tassimo

Anne Leadbeater

Nano-thermite

Gillian Slovo (born 15 March 1952, in Johannesburg) is a South African-born novelist, playwright and memoirist. She has lived in London since 1964, when her family went into exile there from South Africa. She was a recipient of the Golden PEN Award.

The Minnesota–Wisconsin football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Minnesota Golden Gophers and Wisconsin Badgers. It is the most-played rivalry in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, with 128 meetings between the two teams. The winner of the game receives Paul Bunyan's Axe, a tradition that started in 1948 after the first trophy, the Slab of Bacon, disappeared after the 1943 game when the Badgers were meant to turn it over to the Golden Gophers. Minnesota and Wisconsin first played in 1890 and have met every year since, except for 1906. The series is tied 60–60–8 through 2018. Wisconsin took the series lead for the first time after shutting out Minnesota 31–0 in the 2017 game; Minnesota had led the overall series since 1902, at times by as many as 20 g

Edward VII

List of New York State Historic Markers in Ulster County, New York

This article lists the monarchs of the Maldives. All the rulers before King Koimala only ruled over parts of the Maldives or Deeva Maari (and Dheeva Mahal) as it was known then. Koimala was the first king to rule over all the islands of the Maldives as we know today and the island of Maliku. The Maldives was turned into a Sultanate in 1153 when the Buddhist King Dhovemi converted to Islam. Prior to that the Maldives was a Buddhist Kingdom, a Hindu Kingdom and before that a matriarchal society with each atoll ruled by a chief queen according to some accounts or by others, several theocratic societies ruled by priests known as Sawamias of heliolatric, selenolatric and astrolatric religions. The formal title of the Sultan up to 1965 was, Sultan of Land and Sea, Lord of the twelve-thousand isl

Anne Leadbeater,OAM

Braemar Alliance

Tiësto's Club Life

Philippine mythology refers to the body of myths, tales, and belief systems held by Filipinos (composed of more than a hundred ethnic peoples in the Philippines), originating from various cultures and traditions of the peoples of what eventually became the Philippines. Philippine mythology is incorporated from various sources, having similarities with Indonesian and Malay myths, as well as Hindu, Muslim, Shinto, Buddhist, and Christian traditions, such as the notion of heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan, kamurawayan, etc.), hell (kasamaan, sulad, etc.), and the human soul (kaluluwa, kaulolan, makatu, ginokud, etc.). Philippine mythology attempts to explain the nature of the world through the lives and actions of deities (called anitos in the north and diwatas in the south), heroes, and mythological creatures. The majority of these myths were passed on through oral tradition, and preserved through the aid of community spiritual leaders or shamans (babaylan, katalonan, mumbaki, baglan, machanitu, walian, mangubat, bahasa, etc.) and community elders. The term 'Philippine mythology' has been used since the 20th century by successive generations as a general term for all mythologies within the Philippines. Each ethnic group in the Philippines has their own distinct mythologies (or religion), pantheon of deities, and belief systems. For example, the mythology of the Maranao people is completely different from the mythology of neighboring Subanon people, while the mythology of the Hiligaynon people is also completely different from the mythology of the neighboring Suludnon people. The Philippines is composed of more than a hundred distinct ethnic peoples, according to a 21st-century map published by the Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino, the Atlas Filipinas. Philippine mythologies and indigenous religions have historically been referred as Anitism, meaning "ancestral religion". Other terms used were Anitismo, a Hispano-Filipino translation, and Anitería, a derogatory version used by most members of the Spanish clergy. Today, many ethnic peoples continue to practice and conserve their unique indigenous religions, notably in ancestral domains, although foreign and foreign-inspired religions continue to influence their life-ways through conversions, inter-marriage, and land-buying. Various scholarly works have been made regarding Anitism and its many topics, although much of its stories and traditions are still undocumented by the international anthropological and folkloristic community.

The Socialist Campaign Group of Labour MPs, often known as the Campaign Group, is a left-wing, democratic socialist grouping of Labour Party Members of Parliament in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. It was formed in December 1982 following the 1981 deputy leadership election when a number of 'soft left' MPs, led by Neil Kinnock, refused to back Tony Benn's campaign, leading a number of left-wing MPs to split from the Tribune Group to form the Socialist Campaign Group.

People's Mojahedin Organization

Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Edward was related to royalty throughout Europe. He was heir apparent to the British throne and held the title of Prince of Wales for longer than any of his predecessors. He renounced his right to Saxe-Coburg and Gotha before his marriage. During the long reign of his mother, he was largely excluded from political power, and came to personify the fashionable, leisured elite. He travelled throughout Britain performing ceremonial public duties, and represented Britain on visits abroad. His tours of North America in 1860 and the Indian subcontinent in 1875 were popular successes, but despite public approval his reputation as a playboy prince soured his relationship with his mother. As king, Edward played a role in the modernisation of the British Home Fleet and the reorganisation of the British Army after the Second Boer War. He reinstituted traditional ceremonies as public displays and broadened the range of people with whom royalty socialised. He fostered good relations between Britain and other European countries, especially France, for which he was popularly called "Peacemaker", but his relationship with his nephew, the German Emperor Wilhelm II, was poor. The Edwardian era, which covered Edward's reign and was named after him, coincided with the start of a new century and heralded significant changes in technology and society, including steam turbine propulsion and the rise of socialism. He died in 1910 in the midst of a constitutional crisis that was resolved the following year by the Parliament Act 1911, which restricted the power of the unelected House of Lords.

Tarrah Harvey (born December 20, 1989) is a retired Canadian ice dancer who competed with partner Keith Gagnon. They are the 2009 Canadian junior silver medalists 2011/2012 Senior National Team Members and Senior Grand Prix competitors. They began skating together in June 1998.

This is a list of defunct airlines of the United States. However, some of these airlines have changed identities and/or FAA certificates and are still operating under a different name (e.g. America West Airlines changed to use the identity of US Airways in 2005 - which itself also changed identity to American Airlines in 2015).

A diffusion line (also known as a bridge line) is a secondary line of merchandise created by a high-end fashion house or fashion designer that retails at lower prices. These ranges are separate from a fashion house's "signature line", or principal artistic line, that typically retail at much higher prices. Diffusion products may be on sale alongside designers' signature line but they can also be made available at concession outlets and certain chain stores. The use of a diffusion line is a part of the strategy of massification where luxury brands attempt to reach a broader market in order to increase revenue and brand recognition.

List of defunct airlines of the United States

Herman Avery Gundy, Petitioner v. United States

A dry port (sometimes inland port) is an inland intermodal terminal directly connected by road or rail to a seaport and operating as a centre for the transshipment of sea cargo to inland destinations. In addition to their role in cargo transshipment, dry ports may also include facilities for storage and consolidation of goods, maintenance for road or rail cargo carriers and customs clearance services. The location of these facilities at a dry port relieves competition for storage and customs space at the seaport itself. A dry inland port can speed the flow of cargo between ships and major land transportation networks, creating a more central distribution point. Inland ports can improve the movement of imports and exports, moving the time-consuming sorting and processing of containers inland, away from congested seaports.

Maximilian Deitch

Actor, comedian, producer, screenwriter, fashion designer

Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Edward was related to royalty throughout Europe. He was heir apparent to the British throne and held the title of Prince of Wales for longer than any of his predecessors. He renounced his right to Saxe-Coburg and Gotha before his marriage. During the long reign of his mother, he was largely excluded from political power, and came to personify the fashionable, leisured elite. He travelled throughout Britain performing ceremonial public duties, and represented Britain on visits abroad. His tours of North America in 1860 and the Indian

The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran, or the Mojahedin-e Khalq (Persian: سازمان مجاهدين خلق ايران‎, romanized: sâzmân-e mojâhedīn-e khalq-e īrân, abbreviated MEK, PMOI or MKO), is an Iranian political-militant organization based on Islamic and socialist ideology. It advocates overthrowing the Islamic Republic of Iran leadership and installing its own government. The MEK was the "first Iranian organization to develop systematically a modern revolutionary interpretation of Islam – an interpretation that differed sharply from both the old conservative Islam of the traditional clergy and the new populist version formulated in the 1970s by Ayatollah Khomeini and his government". It is also considered the Islamic Republic of Iran's biggest and most active political opposition group. MEK was founded on 5 September 1965 by leftist Iranian students affiliated with the Freedom Movement of Iran to oppose the Mohammadreza Shah Pahlavi. The organization engaged in armed conflict with the Pahlavi dynasty in the 1970s and contributed to the overthrow of the Shah during the Iranian Revolution. It subsequently pursued the establishment of a democracy in Iran, particularly gaining support from Iran's middle class intelligentsia. After the fall of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the MEK refused to take part in constitution referendum of the new government, which led to Khomeini preventing Massoud Rajavi and other MEK members from running office in the new government. This created conflicts with Ayatollah Khomeini and by early 1981, authorities had banned the MEK, driving the organization underground. The MEK organized a large demonstration in Iran against the Islamic Republic party and in support of president Abolhassan Banisadr, claiming that the Islamic Republic had carried out a secret coup d'état. Afterwards, the government arrested and executed numerous MEK members and sympathizers. According to Sandra Mackey, the MEK responded by targeting key Iranian official figures for assassination: they bombed the Prime Minister's office, attacked low-ranking civil servants and members of the Revolutionary Guards, along with ordinary citizens who supported the new government. Struan Stevenson and other analysts say that the MEK targets included only the Islamic Republic’s governmental and security institutions. The MEK attacked the Iran regime for "disrupting rallies and meetings, banning newspapers and burning down bookstores, rigging elections and closing down Universities; kidnapping imprisoning, and torturing political activists". The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps raided MEK safe houses, killing Massoud Rajavi's first wife, Ashraf Rabi'i, and Musa Khiabani, MEK's second in-command at the time. The organization gained a new life in exile, founding the National Council of Resistance of Iran and continuing to conduct violent attacks in Iran. In 1983, they sided with Saddam Hussein against the Iranian Armed Forces in the Iran–Iraq War, a decision that was viewed as treason by the vast majority of Iranians and that destroyed the MEK's appeal in its homeland. In 1986 the IRI requested France to expel the MEK from Paris, so it took base in Iraq where it was involved alongside Saddam Hussain in Operation Mersad, Operation Forty Stars, and the 1991 nationwide uprisings. In 2002, the MEK was a source for claims about Iran’s clandestine nuclear program. Following the occupation of Iraq by U.S. and coalition forces in 2003, the MEK signed a ceasefire agreement with the U.S. and put down their arms in Camp Ashraf. The European Union, Canada and the United States formerly listed the MEK as a terrorist organization. This designation has since been lifted, first by the Council of the European Union on 26 January 2009, by the U.S. government on 21 September 2012, and lastly by the Canadian government on 20 December 2012. The MEK is designated as a terrorist organization by Iran and Iraq. In June 2004, the U.S. had designated members of the MEK as ‘protected persons’ under the Geneva Convention IV relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, which expired in 2009 after full sovereignty of Iraq. Many experts, various scholarly works, media outlets, UNHCR, HRW and the governments of the United States and France have described it as a cult built around its leaders Massoud and Maryam Rajavi.

Aaron Gordon

Gundy v. United States

BioAmber Inc.

James Thomas Fallon

Philippine mythology