Antimicrobial resistance
subject: Category:Antibiotic resistance
subject: Category:Veterinary medicine
subject: Category:Pharmaceuticals policy
abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR or AR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication that once could successfully treat the microbe. The term antibiotic resistance (AR or ABR) is a subset of AMR, as it applies only to bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics. Resistant microbes are more difficult to treat, requiring alternative medications or higher doses of antimicrobials. These approaches may be more expensive, more toxic or both. Microbes resistant to multiple antimicrobials are called multidrug resistant (MDR). Those considered extensively drug resistant (XDR) or totally drug-resistant (TDR) are sometimes called "superbugs". Resistance arises through one of three mechanisms: natural resistance in certain types of bacteria, genetic mutation, or by one species acquiring resistance from another. All classes of microbes can develop resistance. Fungi develop antifungal resistance. Viruses develop antiviral resistance. Protozoa develop antiprotozoal resistance, and bacteria develop antibiotic resistance. Resistance can appear spontaneously because of random mutations. However, extended use of antimicrobials appears to encourage selection for mutations which can render antimicrobials ineffective. Preventive measures include only using antibiotics when needed, thereby stopping misuse of antibiotics or antimicrobials. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are preferred over broad-spectrum antibiotics when possible, as effectively and accurately targeting specific organisms is less likely to cause resistance, as well as side effects. For people who take these medications at home, education about proper use is essential. Health care providers can minimize spread of resistant infections by use of proper sanitation and hygiene, including handwashing and disinfecting between patients, and should encourage the same of the patient, visitors, and family members. Rising drug resistance is caused mainly by use of antimicrobials in humans and other animals, and spread of re[cell cut: 3356 characters, first 2000 kept]
wiki page ID: 1914
subject: Category:Global issues
wiki page history link: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antimicrobial_resistance&action=history
wiki page edit link: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antimicrobial_resistance&action=edit
subject: Category:Health disasters
comment: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR or AR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication that once could successfully treat the microbe. The term antibiotic resistance (AR or ABR) is a subset of AMR, as it applies only to bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics. Resistant microbes are more difficult to treat, requiring alternative medications or higher doses of antimicrobials. These approaches may be more expensive, more toxic or both. Microbes resistant to multiple antimicrobials are called multidrug resistant (MDR). Those considered extensively drug resistant (XDR) or totally drug-resistant (TDR) are sometimes called "superbugs".
type: Thing
subject: Category:Evolutionary biology

Articles with short description
wiki page revision ID: 899083609
type: Concept
broader: Category:Article namespace categories
wiki page ID: 56024289
broader: Category:Pages with short description

Singam
starring: Anushka Shetty
subject: Category:2010s action films
subject: Category:Fictional Indian police officers
subject: Category:Films shot in Andhra Pradesh
production company: Reliance BIG Entertainment
wiki page history link: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Singam&action=history
editing: V. T. Vijayan
subject: Category:Masala films
runtime: 159.0
language: Tamil language
starring: Prakash Raj
subject: Category:Singam (film series)
type: Movie
type: Q386724
subject: Category:Indian films
subject: Category:Indian action films
comment: Singam (English: Lion) is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by Hari, starring Suriya and Anushka Shetty in the lead and is the first installment in the Singam film series. The film, produced by K. E. Gnanavel Raja in association with Reliance Big Pictures, and distributed by Sun Pictures, was released on 28 May 2010. Upon release, the film was dubbed into Telugu and released as Yamudu in the same year and into Hindi as The Fighterman Singam by Goldmines Telefilms in 2012.
subject: Category:2010 films
type: Film
subject: Category:Indian police films
subject: Category:Films directed by Hari (director)
abstract: Singam (English: Lion) is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by Hari, starring Suriya and Anushka Shetty in the lead and is the first installment in the Singam film series. The film, produced by K. E. Gnanavel Raja in association with Reliance Big Pictures, and distributed by Sun Pictures, was released on 28 May 2010. Upon release, the film was dubbed into Telugu and released as Yamudu in the same year and into Hindi as The Fighterman Singam by Goldmines Telefilms in 2012. The film's success led to remakes in Kannada as Kempe Gowda, in Hindi as Singham, in Bengali as Shotru and in Punjabi as Singham. The sequel, Singam II, which released in July 2013, was a commercial success as well. The third in the series, Si3 was released on 9 February 2017. It was 25th film of Suriya. This film became a career milestone for Suriya when he entered an era of commercial movies.
subject: Category:Films shot in Tirunelveli
subject: Category:Fictional portrayals of the Tamil Nadu Police
type: Q11424
wiki page ID: 23654460
type: Work
director: Hari (director)
subject: Category:Films shot in Chennai
starring: Vivek (actor)
type: CreativeWork
subject: Category:Films set in Chennai
subject: Category:Tamil-language films
distributor: Sun Pictures
runtime: 9540.0
subject: Category:Films scored by Devi Sri Prasad
cinematography: Priyan (cinematographer)
subject: Category:2010s Tamil-language films
wiki page edit link: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Singam&action=edit
subject: Category:Fictional portrayals of the Andhra Pradesh Police
production company: Studio Green
subject: Category:Tamil films remade in other languages
starring: Suriya (actor)
music composer: Devi Sri Prasad
writer: Hari (director)
type: Thing

Portal templates with all redlinked portals
wiki page revision ID: 901073111
type: Concept
wiki page ID: 59492714
broader: Category:Portal templates with redlinked portals

Reliance Entertainment films
wiki page ID: 45279636
broader: Category:Reliance Entertainment
wiki page revision ID: 772517377
type: Concept
broader: Category:Films by studio

Aphaenops linderi
subject: Category:Beetles described in 1938
subject: Category:Aphaenops
wiki page history link: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aphaenops_linderi&action=history
wiki page edit link: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aphaenops_linderi&action=edit
abstract: Aphaenops linderi is a species of beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Jeannel in 1938.
wiki page out degree: 4
wiki page ID: 37395463

Antimicrobial resistance
language: en
type: Document
primary topic: Antimicrobial resistance

Singam
type: Document
language: en
primary topic: Singam

Aphaenops linderi
type: Document
language: en
primary topic: Aphaenops linderi