Helsinki Seagulls

Vizier

CS1 errors: dates

Mike Harris (basketball)

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Braun Stowman

Olive Morris

Battle of Lima Site 85

Alexander Scriabin

The 2011–12 season is FC Basel's 119th in existence and the club's 18th consecutive season in the top flight of Swiss football. FC Basel started their season with various warm-up matches against teams from Switzerland, Germany, Georgia, France and Romania and played against Hertha BSC and West Ham United at the 2011 Uhrencup in Grenchen. This season, Basel earned the so-called "Title Hattrick", that is, three consecutive Swiss Super League championships. They won the Swiss Cup after defeating FC Luzern in the final, and reached the knockout phase of the Champions League, losing to the eventual finalists Bayern Munich 1–7 on aggregate.

Japanese auxiliary minesweeper Tama Maru No. 7

Samraj Jaimungal

CS1: long volume value

Marvin Jackson "Jack" Null (December 6, 1924 – May 8, 2003) was an American college basketball coach. A native of Staunton, Virginia and a graduate of the University of Richmond, Null coached the Virginia Military Institute basketball team for three years in the 1950s. In addition to his service to VMI, Null headed Richmond's freshman teams in football, basketball, and baseball for four seasons. He also coached Lake Worth High School in Lake Worth, Florida.

Deng Xiaoping

Antarctica cooling controversy

Oyster crackers are small, salted crackers, typically rounds about 0.6 in (15 mm) in diameter, although a slightly smaller hexagonal variety is also prevalent. They are often served with oyster stew. They are similar in ingredients and flavor to saltine crackers.

Helsinki Seagulls is a professional basketball team, based in Helsinki, Finland. The club is playing in the Korisliiga, the highest tier of basketball in Finland, since 2014.

Use mdy dates from August 2019

William Blaine Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician, author, and diplomat who served as the 30th governor of New Mexico from 2003 to 2011. He was U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary in the Clinton administration], a U.S. Congressman, chairman of the 2004 Democratic National Convention, and chairman of the Democratic Governors Association. Richardson occasionally troubleshoots diplomatic issues with North Korea.

Gambian cuisine is part of West African cuisine and includes the culinary practices and traditions of the nation of Gambia. Common ingredients include fish, rice, peanuts, tomato, black eyed peas, lemon, cassava, cabbage, salt, pepper, onion, chili, and various herbs. Oysters are also a popular food from the River Gambia, and are harvested by women.

Sinmang-ri Station

The Siege of Maastricht on 15 - 30 June 1673 took place during the Franco-Dutch War of 1672–1678, when a Dutch garrison surrendered to a French army nominally commanded by Louis XIV. The siege is now chiefly remembered for the introduction of the 'siege parallel' by French military engineer Vauban, a concept that remained in use until the mid 20th century, and the death of Charles de Batz de Castelmore d'Artagnan, the hero of The Three Musketeers.

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The Abbasid Caliphate ( or Arabic: ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّة‎, al-Khilāfatu al-ʿAbbāsiyyah) was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH).

List of museums in Moscow

A vizier (, rarely ; from Arabic: وزير‎ wazīr, via Turkish) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title wazir to a minister formerly called katib (secretary), who was at first merely a helper but afterwards became the representative and successor of the dapir (official scribe or secretary) of the Sassanian kings. In modern usage, the term has been used for government ministers in much of the Middle East and beyond. Several alternative spellings are used in English, such as vizir, wazir, and vezir.

Gambian cuisine

Deng Xiaoping (, also UK: ; courtesy name Xixian; 22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997) was a Chinese politician who was the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1992. After Chairman Mao Zedong's death in 1976, Deng led China through far-reaching market-economy reforms and has been called by many as the "General Architect of the Reforms".

Siege of Maastricht (1673)

Tama Maru No. 7

Roman Kresta

Zemestoon (song)

Proto-Slavic is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all the Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech approximately from the 5th to 9th centuries AD. As with most other proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; scholars have reconstructed the language by applying the comparative method to all the attested Slavic languages and by taking into account other Indo-European languages. Rapid development of Slavic speech occurred during the Proto-Slavic period, coinciding with the massive expansion of the Slavic-speaking area. Dialectal differentiation occurred early on during this period, but overall linguistic unity and mutual intelligibility continued for several centuries, into the 10th century or later. During this period, many sound changes diffused across the entire area, often uniformly. This makes it inconvenient to maintain the traditional definition of a proto-language as the latest reconstructable common ancestor of a language group, with no dialectal differentiation. (This would necessitate treating all pan-Slavic changes after the 6th century or so as part of the separate histories of the various daughter languages.) Instead, Slavicists typically handle the entire period of dialectally-differentiated linguistic unity as Common Slavic. One can divide the Proto-Slavic/Common-Slavic time of linguistic unity roughly into three periods:
* an early period with little or no dialectal variation
* a middle period of slight-to-moderate dialectal variation
* a late period of significant variation Authorities differ as to which periods should be included in Proto-Slavic and in Common Slavic. The language described in this article generally reflects the middle period, usually termed Late Proto-Slavic (sometimes Middle Common Slavic) and often dated to around the 7th to 8th centuries. This language remains largely unattested, but a late-period variant, representing the late 9th-century dialect spoken around Thessaloniki in Greek Macedonia, is attested in Old Church Slavonic manuscripts.

Norrin, also known as Norrie disease protein or X-linked exudative vitreoretinopathy 2 protein (EVR2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDP gene. Mutations in the NDP gene are associated with the Norrie disease.

James Philip Milner (born 4 January 1986) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Liverpool. A versatile player, he has been used in many different positions such as on the wing, in midfield and at full back. Milner is Liverpool's vice-captain. Milner's talent in football, cricket, and long-distance running was recognised at a very young age. He represented his school in these sports and played football for amateur teams from Rawdon and Horsforth. He supported Leeds United from a young age and was a season ticket holder at the club. In 1996, he joined the Leeds United youth academy. He made his debut for the first team in 2002 aged only 16 and gained prominence as the youngest player to score in the Premier League. While at Leeds United, he spent time on loan at Swindon Town to gain experience as a first-team player. Following his move to Newcastle United, he was loaned to Aston Villa for a season. He went on to make over 100 appearances for Newcastle, before returning to Aston Villa on a permanent transfer in 2008. After playing an influential role in Aston Villa's run to the 2010 League Cup Final and being named 2009–10 PFA Young Player of the Year, Milner joined Manchester City for a reported £26m transfer fee in 2010, going on to win the 2011–12 and 2013–14 Premier League titles, 2010–11 FA Cup and 2013–14 League Cup. After five seasons with Manchester City, Milner signed for Liverpool on a free transfer in 2015, with whom he won the UEFA Champions League in 2019, after making an appearance as a substitute in the final against Tottenham. Milner made a record 46 appearances for the England national under-21 football team, playing at the 2007 and 2009 UEFA European Under-21 Championships. He also played 61 appearances for the full English national team, scoring once against Moldova. He was selected for the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cup squads, as well as the 2012 and 2016 UEFA European Championships. Milner retired from international football in 2016.

This list of film director and editor collaborations includes longstanding, notable partnerships of directors and editors. The list's importance is that directors and editors typically work together on the editing of a film, which is the ultimate step of filmmaking during which the dozens or hundreds of hours of raw film "footage" are pruned and woven into the final film. Film critic Walter Kerr has argued that editing is comparable in its importance to directing itself, and should be credited as such; he wrote "At the very least, it seems to me, the editor's credit should be rescued from its place near the bottom of the list, an area we may call Oblivion. And I don't mean the editor should be given a mere half-a-leg up, nudged one inch higher in the Pantheon of creative people who do things. The best he ever gets now is fourth or fifth spot, somewhere after the principal photographer and two or three screenwriters. Second position is where he belongs, and no lower, if we're still going to hold him to also-ran status." Quentin Tarantino has been quoted as saying, "The best collaborations are the director-editor teams, where they can finish each other's sentences," and that his own editor, Sally Menke, was his "only, truly genuine collaborator." Crediting the editing of a film is made more difficult by the fact that the relative contributions of the director and the editor vary enormously. At one extreme lies the old Hollywood studio system; as described by Lizzie Francke, this was the "period when the editor was often left to his or her own devices in the cutting room. The pressures of production turn-over during the hey-day of the studio system often meant that the director could not be around to supervise since they were on to their next production." Editors such as Margaret Booth (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios) and Barbara McLean (20th Century Fox) worked nearly autonomously. At the other extreme lie "auteur" directors who personally edit their own films. Akira Kurosawa both directed and edited many of his best-known films (cf. Seven Samurai (1954), Kagemusha (1980)); Hiroshi Nezu, Kurosawa's production chief, was quoted as saying, "Among ourselves we think that he is Toho’s best director, that he is Japan’s best scenarist, and that he is the best editor in the world."

Lady Kai (甲斐姫) ("hime" means lady, princess, woman of noble family), speculated to have been born in 1572, was the daughter of and granddaughter of Akai Teruko, retainers of the Later Hōjō clan in the Kantō region. She is known as the heroic woman who helped her father's resistance at Oshi Castle against Toyotomi Hideyoshi's army during the Siege of Odawara. After the war, she became one of the wives of Hideyoshi. She was known for her bravery and beauty. According to the chronicle of Narita clan, she was praised as "The most beautiful woman in east Japan".（東国無双の美人）

List of 20th-century earthquakes

Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019

Yorkshire Rugby Football Union

Mika Singh is an Indian playback singer and live performer. Amongst a wide catalogue of songs, the prominent ones are "Bas Ek King" (Singh Is Kinng), "Mauja Hi Mauja" (Jab We Met), "Ibn-e-Batuta" (Ishqiya), and "Dhanno" (Housefull).Mika began his career at an early age and has released several solo albums. He also acted on various reality shows, becoming a modest star in the country. Mika Singh is younger brother of Punjabi singer Daler Mehndi. His song Sawan Main Lag Gayi Aag was remixed by U.S based singer .

Cyclops

Mika Singh

Braun Strowman

James Milner

Luther Burrell (born 6 December 1987) is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a centre or second-row forward for the Warrington Wolves in the Super League. He has previously played rugby union for Leeds Carnegie between 2006 and 2011, the Sale Sharks for the 2011-2012 season and the Northampton Saints between 2012 and 2019. He is a former England rugby union international.

List of Japanese coinage patterns

Articles with links needing disambiguation from August 2019

Luther Burrell

Nothing Is Quick in the Desert

Duplicate characters in Unicode

Album infoboxes lacking a cover

Unicode has a certain amount of duplication of characters. These are pairs of single Unicode code points that are canonically equivalent. The reason for this are compatibility issues with legacy systems. Unless two characters are canonically equivalent, they are not "duplicate" in the narrow sense. There is, however, room for disagreement on whether two Unicode characters really encode the same grapheme in cases such as the "micro sign" µ vs. the Greek μ.

Tyalgum pronounced (Tal-gum)

A motorcycle, often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle. Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding. Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies. In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller became the first series production motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle. In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero MotoCorp (India). In developing countries, motorcycles are considered utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy. Of all the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions, excluding car-centric Japan. According to the US Department of Transportation the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.

Use dmy dates from August 2019

List of missions to Mars

David McNeill

Margaret Urlich

The main currency of Venezuela since 20 August 2018 has been the bolívar soberano (sovereign bolivar) (sign: Bs.S. or Bs.; plural: bolívares soberanos; ISO 4217 code: VES). Since that date, it has been due to replace the bolívar fuerte (strong bolívar, sign: Bs.F., ISO 4217 code: VEF) after a transition period. The primary reason for replacement, at a rate of 1 Bs.S. to 100,000 Bs.F, was hyperinflation. On 1 January 2008, the bolívar fuerte had itself replaced, because of inflation, the original bolívar introduced in 1879 (sign: Bs.; ISO 4217 code: VEB). It did so at a rate of 1 Bs.F. to 1000 Bs.

Shefali Rana is an Indian television and film actress. In 2018 she played the role of Asha in the series Mariam Khan - Reporting Live. She is from Delhi. Her mother is also an Indian television and film actress.

Bill Richardson

Forever And Ever (Slik)

Margaret Urlich (born 24 January 1965 in Auckland) is an ARIA Award-winning New Zealand musician based in New South Wales, Australia. Urlich moved to Sydney in 1988 to pursue her singing career. Her debut solo album, Safety in Numbers, released in 1989, was highly successful and won "Breakthrough Artist – Album" at the 1991 ARIA Awards. Its follow-up Chameleon Dreams was also a success when released in 1992. Urlich has been successful trans-Tasman, selling over 400,000 albums during her career, ranking her as one of New Zealand's most successful recording artists. She is the cousin of fellow New Zealand singer Peter Urlich.

Rikki Jai

Yu Hai (Chinese: 于海; pinyin: Yú Hǎi; Mandarin pronunciation: [y̌ xài]; born 4 June 1987) is a Chinese footballer who currently plays for Shanghai SIPG in the Chinese Super League.

Jack Null

Mmamoloko Tryphosa "Nkhensani" Kubayi-Ngubane is a South African politician who is the Minister of Tourism and a Member of the National Assembly for the African National Congress (ANC). She previously served as Minister of Science and Technology from 2018 to 2019, Minister of Communications from 2017 to 2018 and Minister of Energy in 2017.

The Institute of Astronomy (IoA) is the largest of the three astronomy departments in the University of Cambridge, and one of the largest astronomy sites in the UK. Around 180 academics, postdocs, visitors and assistant staff work at the department. The Kavli Institute for Cosmology is also located on the department site. This Institute has an emphasis on The Universe at High Redshifts. The Cavendish Astrophysics Group are based in the Battcock Centre, a building in the same grounds.

A conglomerate is a combination of multiple business entities operating in entirely different industries under one corporate group, usually involving a parent company and many subsidiaries. Often, a conglomerate is a multi-industry company. Conglomerates are often large and multinational.

Economy of Israel

American basketball coaches

The following lists events that happened during 2010 in the Republic of Singapore.

甲斐姫

Dr. Susan Lewis, played by Sherry Stringfield, is a fictional doctor on the television show ER. Susan is one of ER's original characters, first seen in Season 1 as an eager resident. Hailing from Sevenacre Rapids, Illinois, Susan led somewhat of an eventful childhood. She was bullied for being overweight, later to which she discovered her best friend Linda Turley was behind the bullying. Susan attended Arizona State University, graduating from Jefferson College with first class honours. She left County General Hospital and the series in Season 3, but returned five seasons later as an attending physician in Season 8. Susan Lewis eventually checked out of the ER for good in 2005 at the beginning of Season 12, having been passed over for tenure in favor of John Carter by Kerry Weaver. She was

Olive Elaine Morris (26 June 1952 – 12 July 1979) was a British community leader and activist in the feminist, black nationalist, and squatters' rights campaigns of the 1970s in the United Kingdom.

Basketball coaches from Virginia

The following is a list of pattern coins from the yen based currency system started under the Meiji Restoration. The first patterns of the yen based system were made in 1869 to 1870 as presentation pieces to the Emperor. The new currency system was eventually adopted by the Meiji government in an Act signed on June 27, 1871. Pattern coins are almost never released into circulation as they are made for evaluation purposes only. Once a pattern is approved by government officials, it then goes to the minting process. Most of the patterns listed below sell for considerable amounts at auctions, the value and rarity of any given coin is dependent on supply and demand. On another note, the "for comparison" images do their best to inform of different designs used over time.

The Yorkshire Rugby Football Union is the society responsible for rugby union in the county of Yorkshire, England and is one of the constituent bodies of the national Rugby Football Union having been formed in 1869. In addition, the county has won the county championship on fifteen occasions, and finished runners-up on a further eight occasions. The Yorkshire RFU also organises the Yorkshire Cup, which was inaugurated in 1878.

2011–12 FC Basel season

This list of film director and editor collaborations includes longstanding, notable partnerships of directors and editors. The list's importance is that directors and editors typically work together on the editing of a film, which is the ultimate step of filmmaking during which the dozens or hundreds of hours of raw film "footage" are pruned and woven into the final film. Film critic Walter Kerr has argued that editing is comparable in its importance to directing itself, and should be credited as such; he wrote "At the very least, it seems to me, the editor's credit should be rescued from its place near the bottom of the list, an area we may call Oblivion. And I don't mean the editor should be given a mere half-a-leg up, nudged one inch higher in the Pantheon of creative people who do thin

Roman Kresta (born 24 April 1976 in the Czech Republic), is a professional rally driver. In 2005, he drove for Ford in the World Rally Championship. His co-driver was Jan Tománek. The pair won the Czech national rally championship in 2000, prior to their début in the WRC. Roman Kresta returned to Czech national rally championship and became champion in 2008 and 2009. Since season 2009 Kresta was racing with Peugeot 207 S2000.

The FIFA World Cup was first broadcast on television in 1954 and is now the most widely viewed and followed sporting event in the world, exceeding even the Olympic Games. 715.2 million individuals watched the final match of the 2006 tournament (representing 11 percent of the entire population of the planet). The 2006 World Cup draw, which decided the distribution of teams into groups, was watched by 300 million viewers.
List of FIFA World Cup broadcasters

This list of 20th-century earthquakes is a global list of notable earthquakes that occurred in the 20th century. After 1900 most earthquakes have some degree of instrumental records and this means that the locations and magnitudes are more reliable than for earlier events. To prevent this list becoming unmanageable, only those of magnitude 6 and above are included unless they are notable for some other reason.

Tyalgum is a rural village of 300 people located in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia. Located approximately 18 minutes from Murwillumbah, 45 minutes from the Gold Coast, Queensland and two hours from Brisbane. At the 2011 census, Tyalgum had a population of 503 people. Tyalgum is temperate. It has a mean annual temperate of 18.9 °C (66 °F). The rainfall is generally high with an annual mean of 1,555.4 millimetres (61.2 in) most of which occurs during the summer months. For the last few years the region has been suffering from drought.

Snopes , formerly known as the Urban Legends Reference Pages, claims to be one of the first online fact-checking websites. It has been described as a "well-regarded source for sorting out myths and rumors" on the Internet. It has also been seen as a source for validating and debunking urban legends and similar stories in American popular culture.

Tyalgum is a rural village of 300 people located in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia. Located approximately 18 minutes from Murwillumbah, 45 minutes from the Gold Coast, Queensland and two hours from Brisbane. At the 2011 census, Tyalgum had a population of 503 people. Tyalgum is situated at the junction of Pumpenbil and Tyalgum Creeks. These creeks provide Tyalgum with its water supply and when the village was first settled, the settlers would have used the waterways to transport the giant red cedar logs that they felled. Another major natural feature is the valley environment around the village created by the Border Ranges and Mount Warning. Some of the most important manmade features in Tyalgum are Flutterbies Cafe (home of the famous Flutterbie Cakes), The Little Shop Next Door, Tyalgum Store (see photo) established in 1907, the Tyalgum Hall - home of the annual Classical Musical Festival – and The Tyalgum Garage located in the old Norco Dairy Manufactory Building. Tyalgum is temperate. It has a mean annual temperate of 18.9 °C (66 °F). The rainfall is generally high with an annual mean of 1,555.4 millimetres (61.2 in) most of which occurs during the summer months. For the last few years the region has been suffering from drought. As of 2016 Tyalgum plans to disconnect from the electricity grid, and produce renewable power locally, primarily using solar power and battery storage. Tyalgum also holds yearly Festivals Heart of the Caldera Wellness Festival will be held on Sunday 21 May from 9 to 3 at the Tyalgum Hall .Also the O' heart Festival is an annual event which will be on the 25th 26 27 August throughout the village mind body spirit will be held on the Saturday 26 August at the Tyalgum hall.for more information go to Discover Tyalgum web site.

National-anarchism

List of ambassadors of Estonia to Russia

Articles using small message boxes

The economy of Israel is advanced by global standards. Israel ranks within the top 20 nations in the world on the latest report of the UN's Human Development Index, which places it in the category of "Very Highly Developed", allowing the country to enjoy a higher standard of living than many other Western countries. The prosperity of Israel's advanced economy allows the country to have a sophisticated welfare state, a modern infrastructure, and a high-technology sector competitively on par with Silicon Valley. Israel has the second-largest number of startup companies in the world after the United States, and the third-largest number of NASDAQ-listed companies after the U.S. and China. Intel, Microsoft, and Apple built their first overseas research and development facilities in Israel, and

Adam Scherr (born September 6, 1983) is an American professional wrestler, actor and former strongman who is currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Braun Strowman where he is one-half of the current Raw Tag Team Champions in his second reign alongside Seth Rollins.

2017 albums

In Greek mythology, the Cyclopes ( sy-KLOH-peez; Ancient Greek: Κύκλωπες, Kýklōpes; singular Cyclops SY-klops; Κύκλωψ, Kýklōps), were giant one-eyed creatures. Three groups of Cyclopes can be distinguished. In Hesiod's Theogony, they are the three sons of Uranus and Gaia: Brontes, Steropes, and Arges, who provided Zeus with his characteristic weapon the thunderbolt. In Homer's Odyssey, they are a savage group of shepherds, one of whom, Polyphemus, the son of Poseidon, is encountered by Odysseus. Cyclopes were also said to have been the builders of the Cyclopean walls of Mycenae and Tiryns. The word cyclops literally means "round-eyed" or "circle-eyed".

Venezuelan bolívar

David McNeill (born 1933 in California, United States) is an American psychologist and writer specializing in scientific research into psycholinguistics and especially the relationship of language to thought, and the gestures that accompany discourse.

Gandikota

Redirects from moves

Trophic cascade

Susan Lewis

Yorkshire RFU

Snopes.com

National-anarchism is a radical anti-capitalist and anti-Marxist right-wing anarchist ideology. National-anarchists advocate a post-capitalist stateless society in which homogeneous communities of different ethnic or racial groups would be free to develop separately in their own tribal communes, named "national autonomous zones", that are politically meritocratic, economically mutualistic, ecologically sustainable, and socially and culturally traditional. Although the term "national-anarchism" dates back as far as the 1920s, the contemporary national-anarchist movement has been put forward since the late 1990s by British political activist Troy Southgate, who positions it as being "beyond left and right". The few scholars who have studied national-anarchism conclude that it represents a further evolution in the thinking of the radical right rather than an entirely new dimension on the political spectrum. National-anarchism has elicited skepticism and outright hostility from both left-wing and far-right critics. The former accuse national-anarchists of being nothing more than white nationalists who promote a communalist form of ethnic and racial separatism, while the latter argue they want the militant chic of calling themselves "anarchists" without the historical and philosophical baggage that accompanies such a claim.

Gulls

Estonia has an embassy in Moscow as well as a consulate-general in Saint Petersburg and another consulate mission in Pskov. The following is a list of Ambassadors of Estonia to Russia.

Norrin

Kaihime

Much Like Falling EP

Oyster cracker

Michael Harris (born June 15, 1983) is an American professional basketball player for the Alaska Aces of the Phiilippine Basketball Associtation

India (official name: the Republic of India; Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya) is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.

American men's basketball coaches

India (official name: the Republic of India; Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya) is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago.Their long occupation, initially in varying forms of isolation as hunter-gatherers, has made the region highly diverse, second only to Africa in human genetic diversity. Around 7000 BCE, settled life emerged on the subcontinent in the western margins of the Indus river basin, evolving gradually into the Indus valley civilisation of the third millennium BCE.During 1400–1200 BCE, an archaic form of Sanskrit, an Indo-European language, diffused into India from the northwest, appearing as the language of the Vedas, and recording the dawning of Hinduism in India. The Dravidian languages of India were supplanted in the northern regions. By 400 BCE, stratification and exclusion by caste had emerged within Hinduism, and Buddhism and Jainism had arisen, in part as a reaction, proclaiming social orders unlinked to heredity.Political consolidations gave rise to the loose-knit Maurya and Gupta empires, their collective era suffused with wide-ranging creativity, but also marked by the declining status of women.In south India, the Middle kingdoms exported Dravidian-languages scripts and religious cultures to the kingdoms of southeast Asia. In the early medieval era, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Islam put down roots on India's southern and western coasts, further diversifying the local cultures. Somewhat later, Muslim armies from Central Asia intermittently overran India's plains, eventually establishing the Delhi sultanate, and drawing northern India into the cosmopolitan networks of medieval Islam. In the 15th century, the Vijayanagara empire created a long lasting composite Hindu culture in south India.In the Punjab, Sikhism emerged, rejecting institutionalized religion.The Mughal empire, founded in 1525, ushered in two centuries of relative peace,leaving a legacy of luminous architecture.Gradually expanding rule of the British East India Company followed, turning India into a colonial economy, but also consolidating its sovereignty.British Crown rule began in 1858. The rights promised to Indians were granted reluctantly,but technological changes were introduced, and ideas of education, modernity and the public life took root. A pioneering and influential nationalist movement emerged, which was noted for nonviolent resistance and led India to its independence in 1947. India is a secular federal republic governed in a democratic parliamentary system. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society. India's population grew from 361 million in 1951 to 1 billion 211 million in 2011.During the same time, its nominal per capita income, increased from $64 annually to $2,041, and its literacy rate from 16.6% to 74%. From being a comparatively destitute country in 1951, India has become a fast-growing major economy, a hub for information technology services, with an expanding middle class. India is a nuclear weapons state, which ranks high in military expenditure. It has a space program which includes several planned or completed lunar missions. Indian movies, music, and spiritual teachings play an increasing role in global culture.India has substantially reduced its rate of poverty, though at the same time increasing economic inequality. It also battles gender inequality, child malnutrition, and rising levels of air pollution. India is a megadiverse country with four threatened biodiversity hotspots. Its forest cover comprises 21.4% of its land area. India's wildlife, which has traditionally been viewed with tolerance in India's culture, is supported among these forests, and elsewhere, in protected habitats.
India

Roman Kresta (born 24 April 1976 in the Czech Republic), is a professional rally driver. In 2005, he drove for Ford in the World Rally Championship. His co-driver was Jan Tománek. The pair won the Czech national rally championship in 2000, prior to their début in the WRC. Kresta's first World Rally was the 2001 Acropolis Rally, driving a Ford Focus WRC. He has also driven for the works Skoda team, and as a privateer with Hyundai and Peugeot. His performances in his sole season with the works Ford World Rally Team in 2005 were not enough to prevent him from losing his seat to Mikko Hirvonen at the end of the season. However, he scored in 11 of 16 Rallies of the 2005 season points and his best results were a 5th Place in Corsica and Spain. He finished a career-best 8th in the 2005 Season and scored 29 Points (The half of Toni Gardemeister's Points (58)).After the 2005 season, Kresta worked for Ford as a test driver. His last rally as works driver was 2005 Rally Australia. He changed co-driver after 2005 season, his current co-driver is Petr Gross. Roman Kresta returned to Czech national rally championship and became champion in 2008 and 2009. Since season 2009 Kresta was racing with Peugeot 207 S2000. WRC 2010 saw Kresta's return to WRC. He participated with N4 Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution IX at Rally Sweden and Rally Finland. At Rally Sweden Kresta retired after 12 special stages because of problems with fuel tank. And Kresta finished 23rd at Rally Finland. He also raced in IRC 2010, round 9, Barum Rally Zlín 2010 with Škoda Fabia S2000. Kresta retired at SS5 because of crash, currently holding 5th position overally. He is going to race in last round of IRC 2010, 2010 Cyprus Rally. He finished 6th there, as best driver of not S2000 car. He also participated at Golden Stage Rally at Cyprus.

Dashboard.wikiedu.org course pages

Adam Scherr (born September 6, 1983) is an American professional wrestler, actor and former strongman who is currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Braun Strowman where he is one-half of the current Raw Tag Team Champions in his second reign alongside Seth Rollins. He is the winner of the 2018 Men's Money in the Bank contract, along with the titular match at the Greatest Royal Rumble event, and is also a two-time WWE Raw Tag Team Championship, with Nicholas and Seth Rollins. Strowman has headlined many pay-per-view events, including the 2017 editions of SummerSlam and Survivor Series. He holds the record for most eliminations in a single Elimination Chamber match with five, most eliminations in a single Royal Rumble match with 13, and is tied for the most eliminations in a single Survivor Series elimination match with four. Upon debuting on the main roster, Strowman was associated with the villainous stable The Wyatt Family, wearing a black sheep mask and being physically dominant. Throughout his appearances with WWE, Strowman has been portrayed as an unstoppable monster.

Deng Xiaoping (, also UK: ; courtesy name Xixian; 22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997) was a Chinese politician who was the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1992. After Chairman Mao Zedong's death in 1976, Deng led China through far-reaching market-economy reforms and has been called by many as the "General Architect of the Reforms". Born into a peasant background in Guang'an, Sichuan province, Deng studied and worked in France in the 1920s, where he became a follower of Marxism–Leninism. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1923. Upon his return to China, he joined the party organization in Shanghai, then was a political commissar for the Red Army in rural regions and by the late 1930s was considered a "revolutionary veteran" because he participated in the Long March. Following the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, Deng worked in Tibet and the southwest region to consolidate Communist control. As the party's Secretary General in the 1950s, Deng presided over Anti-Rightist Campaigns and became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the Great Leap Forward of 1957–1960. However, his economic policies caused him to fall out of favor with Mao Zedong and was purged twice during the Cultural Revolution. Following Mao Zedong's death in 1976, Deng outmaneuvered the late chairman's chosen successor Hua Guofeng in December 1978. Inheriting a country beset with social conflict, disenchantment with the Communist Party and institutional disorder resulting from the chaotic policies of the Mao era, Deng became the paramount figure of the "second generation" of party leadership. While Deng never held office as the head of state, head of government or General Secretary (leader of the Communist Party), some called him "the architect" of a new brand of thinking that combined socialist ideology with free enterprise whose slogan was "socialism with Chinese characteristics". Deng opened China to foreign investment and the global market, policies that are credited with developing China into one of the fastest-growing economies in the world for several generations and raising the standard of living of hundreds of millions. Deng was the Time Person of the Year in 1978 and 1985, the third Chinese leader (after Chiang Kai-shek and his wife Soong Mei-ling) and the fourth communist leader (after Joseph Stalin, picked twice; and Nikita Khrushchev) to be selected. He was criticized for ordering the crackdown on the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, but was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program in his Southern Tour of 1992 as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control in 1997. Deng died in February 1997, aged 92.

Shefali Rana

ATL Academy

Anne Waldschmidt (born 1958) is a German sociologist. She is a professor at the University of Cologne and teaches disability studies and sociology and politics of rehabilitation. She holds the first university position for disability studies in German-speaking countries. Waldschmidt studied social sciences at the universities of Bremen, Germany, and Edinburgh, Scotland (1978–84). She worked as a social worker for a non-governmental charity organisation (1985–88), at the German Parliament as a scientific consultant in the field of genetic and reproductive technologies for the Green Party (1988–91), and as a research fellow at the University of Siegen, Germany (1992–95). In 1995 she received her PhD (Dr. rer. pol.) from Bremen University, funded by the private foundation Hans-Böckler-Stiftung. Her thesis The Subject in Human Genetics: Expert Discourses on the Agendas and Concepts for Human Genetic Counseling 1945-1990 was published in 1996; this book is now out of print. She undertook post-doctoral research at the universities of Siegen and Dortmund (1996-2000). Her second book Self-Determination as a Construction: Subjective Theories of Women and Men with Disabilities was published in 1999. In 2000-02 Anne Waldschmidt served as a professor of social sciences at the Protestant University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg. In 2002 she was appointed to a professorship of sociology of disability at the University of Cologne (Germany). In 2004 Waldschmidt established iDiS, the International research unit Disability Studies. In December 2008 the Faculty of Human Sciences at the University of Cologne renamed her position in “Sociology and Politics of Rehabilitation, Disability Studies”. Waldschmidt is chief-editor of the scientific book series Disability Studies: Body – Power - Difference (since 2007), in cooperation with , other colleagues and the German publisher transcript, Bielefeld (Germany). Her book publications by include the co-edition of the international section "Disability Studies in German Speaking Countries", in: Disability Studies Quarterly. The first journal in the field of disability studies, 2006, volume 26, number 2, the co-edited collection "Disability Studies, Sociology of Culture, and Sociology of Disability: Investigations in a new research field", the co-authored book "The Knowledge of the People. Bioethics, everyday life, and power on the Internet”, and the co-edited collection "Disability History: Constructions of disability in history. An introduction". She also co-edited the collection “Culture – Theory – Disability: Encounters between Disability Studies and Cultural Studies”. As co-editor in 2018 she published the collection “Understanding the Lived Experiences of Persons with Disabilities in Nine Countries. Active Citizenship and Disability in Europe Volume 2”, which resulted from the EU research project “DISCIT”. In May, 2008 Waldschmidt was a visiting fellow at the Centre for Biomedicine & Society, King’s College, London (UK). From October to December 2008 she was guest professor at the Department of Special Education, University of Stockholm (Sweden), and during the summer term of 2010 she was visiting research professor at the Centre for Disability Studies, University of Leeds (UK). In the summer term 2011 Professor Waldschmidt was visiting professor at the University of Vienna (Austria). From 2007 until 2015 Waldschmidt was a member of the Academic Network of European Disability experts (ANED). From 2013 until 2016 she was also a member of the EU research consortium “Making Persons with Disabilities Full Citizens – New Knowledge for an Inclusive and Sustainable Social Model (DISCIT)”. Waldschmidt’s research focuses on sociological aspects of human genetics and reproductive technologies; bio-politics and autonomy; normality, deviance, and disability; political participation, self-help organisations, and disability movements; health and social policy; disability policy in Europe and internationally; the sociology of knowledge; sociology of the body; gender studies, diversity studies; discourse analysis and qualitative empirical research.

In Greek mythology, the Cyclopes ( sy-KLOH-peez; Ancient Greek: Κύκλωπες, Kýklōpes; singular Cyclops SY-klops; Κύκλωψ, Kýklōps), were giant one-eyed creatures. Three groups of Cyclopes can be distinguished. In Hesiod's Theogony, they are the three sons of Uranus and Gaia: Brontes, Steropes, and Arges, who provided Zeus with his characteristic weapon the thunderbolt. In Homer's Odyssey, they are a savage group of shepherds, one of whom, Polyphemus, the son of Poseidon, is encountered by Odysseus. Cyclopes were also said to have been the builders of the Cyclopean walls of Mycenae and Tiryns.

"Zemestoon" (Winter) is a song by Iranian singer Afshin Moghaddam. The song is written by . Zemestoon is Afshin Moghaddam's most famous song. The song was selected as the "Most Popular Iranian Love Song" in 2017 Afshin performed the song only once, two months before his death. This song is composed by Cheshm Azar Group. Since its release, the song has been re-sung by Afshin's old friend, Keyvan, and many other singers.song "Zemestoon (Winter)", which came 79th in Manoto 1's "" chart.

College men's basketball head coaches in the United States

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Motorcycle

Susie

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The Battle of Lima Site 85, also called Battle of Phou Pha Thi, was fought as part of a military campaign waged during the Vietnam War and Laotian Civil War by the North Vietnamese army and the Pathet Lao, against airmen of the United States Air Force's 1st Combat Evaluation Group, elements of the Royal Lao Army, Royal Thai Border Patrol Police, and the Central Intelligence Agency-led Hmong Clandestine Army. The battle was fought on Phou Pha Thi mountain in Houaphanh Province, Laos, on 10 March 1968, and derives its name from the mountaintop where it was fought or from the designation of a 700 feet (210 m) landing strip in the valley below, and was the largest single ground combat loss of United States Air Force members during the Vietnam War.

An apparent contradiction in the observed cooling behavior of Antarctica between 1966 and 2000 became part of the public debate in the global warming controversy, particularly between advocacy groups of both sides in the public arena including politicians, as well as the popular media. In his novel State of Fear, Michael Crichton asserted that the Antarctic data contradict global warming. The few scientists who have commented on the supposed controversy state that there is no contradiction, while the author of the paper whose work inspired Crichton's remarks has said that Crichton misused his results. There is no similar controversy within the scientific community, as the small observed changes in Antarctica are consistent with the small changes predicted by climate models, and because the overall trend since comprehensive observations began is now known to be one of warming. At the South Pole, where some of the strongest cooling trends were observed between the 1950s and 1990s, the mean trend is flat from 1957 through 2018.

Jimmy Grafton

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Nkhensani Kubayi-Ngubane

Anne Waldschmidt (born 1958) is a German sociologist. She is a professor at the University of Cologne and teaches disability studies and sociology and politics of rehabilitation. She holds the first university position for disability studies in German-speaking countries.

Snopes

Tyalgum, New South Wales

List of film director and editor collaborations

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Proto-Slavic

William Blaine Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is an American politician, author, and diplomat who served as the 30th governor of New Mexico from 2003 to 2011. He was U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and Energy Secretary in the Clinton administration], a U.S. Congressman, chairman of the 2004 Democratic National Convention, and chairman of the Democratic Governors Association. In December 2008, he was nominated for the cabinet-level position of Secretary of Commerce in the first Obama administration, but withdrew a month later as he was investigated for possible improper business dealings in New Mexico. Although the investigation was later dropped, it was seen to have damaged Richardson's career, as his second and final term as New Mexico governor concluded. Richardson occasionally troubleshoots diplomatic issues with North Korea.

National-anarchism is a radical anti-capitalist and anti-Marxist right-wing anarchist ideology. National-anarchists advocate a post-capitalist stateless society in which homogeneous communities of different ethnic or racial groups would be free to develop separately in their own tribal communes, named "national autonomous zones", that are politically meritocratic, economically mutualistic, ecologically sustainable, and socially and culturally traditional.

Queen regnant

John E. Freund

Dr. Susan Lewis, played by Sherry Stringfield, is a fictional doctor on the television show ER. Susan is one of ER's original characters, first seen in Season 1 as an eager resident. Hailing from Sevenacre Rapids, Illinois, Susan led somewhat of an eventful childhood. She was bullied for being overweight, later to which she discovered her best friend Linda Turley was behind the bullying. Susan attended Arizona State University, graduating from Jefferson College with first class honours. She left County General Hospital and the series in Season 3, but returned five seasons later as an attending physician in Season 8. Susan Lewis eventually checked out of the ER for good in 2005 at the beginning of Season 12, having been passed over for tenure in favor of John Carter by Kerry Weaver. She was offered a tenured position at a hospital in Wales.

Proto-Slavic is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all the Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech approximately from the 5th to 9th centuries AD. As with most other proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; scholars have reconstructed the language by applying the comparative method to all the attested Slavic languages and by taking into account other Indo-European languages. One can divide the Proto-Slavic/Common-Slavic time of linguistic unity roughly into three periods:

Ganman

Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge

Yu Hai

This is a list of museums in Moscow, the capital city of Russia(For Museums in Moscow Oblast, see List of museums in Russia § Moscow Oblast.)

The Volkswagen I.D. AeroE is an electric car developed by Volkswagen based on the MEB platform, and part of the I.D. Series. It was discovered in a leaked presentation slide with another vehicle called the I.D. lounge, (Now called the I.D. Roomzz).

Unicode has a certain amount of duplication of characters. These are pairs of single Unicode code points that are canonically equivalent. The reason for this are compatibility issues with legacy systems. Unless two characters are canonically equivalent, they are not "duplicate" in the narrow sense. There is, however, room for disagreement on whether two Unicode characters really encode the same grapheme in cases such as the "micro sign" µ vs. the Greek μ. This should be clearly distinguished from Unicode characters that are rendered as identical glyphs or near-identical glyphs (homoglyphs), either because they are historically cognate (such as Greek Η vs. Latin H) or because of coincidental similarity (such as Greek Ρ vs. Latin P, or Greek Η vs. Cyrillic Н, or the following homoglyphs quadruplet: astronomical symbol for "Sun" ☉, "circled dot operator" ⊙, the Gothic letter 𐍈, the IPA symbol for a bilabial click ʘ).

Antanas Mikėnas

James Philip Milner (born 4 January 1986) is an English professional footballer who plays for Premier League club Liverpool. A versatile player, he has been used in many different positions such as on the wing, in midfield and at full back. Milner is Liverpool's vice-captain.

There are a number of derelict orbiters around Mars whose location is not known precisely; there is a proposal to search for small moons, dust rings, and old orbiters with the Optical Navigation Camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. There should be 8 derelict Mars orbiters barring unforeseen events if they have not decayed as of 2016. One example is Mariner 9, which entered Mars orbit in 1971 and is expected to remain in orbit until approximately 2022, when the spacecraft is projected to enter the Martian atmosphere and either burn up or crash into the planet's surface. The Viking 1 orbiter is predicted not to decay until at least 2019. One orbiter that is confirmed to have undergone Mars atmospheric entry is Mars Climate Orbiter. (see also List of Mars orbiters)

The Institute of Astronomy (IoA) is the largest of the three astronomy departments in the University of Cambridge, and one of the largest astronomy sites in the UK. Around 180 academics, postdocs, visitors and assistant staff work at the department. Research at the department is made in a number of scientific areas, including exoplanets, stars, star clusters, cosmology, gravitational-wave astronomy, the high-redshift universe, AGN, galaxies and galaxy clusters. This is a mixture of observational astronomy, over the entire electromagnetic spectrum, computational theoretical astronomy, and analytic theoretical research. The Kavli Institute for Cosmology is also located on the department site. This Institute has an emphasis on The Universe at High Redshifts. The Cavendish Astrophysics Group are based in the Battcock Centre, a building in the same grounds.

Anne Waldschmidt

An apparent contradiction in the observed cooling behavior of Antarctica between 1966 and 2000 became part of the public debate in the global warming controversy, particularly between advocacy groups of both sides in the public arena including politicians, as well as the popular media. In his novel State of Fear, Michael Crichton asserted that the Antarctic data contradict global warming. The few scientists who have commented on the supposed controversy state that there is no contradiction, while the author of the paper whose work inspired Crichton's remarks has said that Crichton misused his results. There is no similar controversy within the scientific community, as the small observed changes in Antarctica are consistent with the small changes predicted by climate models, and because the

Volkswagen I.D. AeroE

There are a number of derelict orbiters around Mars whose location is not known precisely; there is a proposal to search for small moons, dust rings, and old orbiters with the Optical Navigation Camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. There should be 8 derelict Mars orbiters barring unforeseen events if they have not decayed as of 2016. One example is Mariner 9, which entered Mars orbit in 1971 and is expected to remain in orbit until approximately 2022, when the spacecraft is projected to enter the Martian atmosphere and either burn up or crash into the planet's surface. The Viking 1 orbiter is predicted not to decay until at least 2019. One orbiter that is confirmed to have undergone Mars atmospheric entry is Mars Climate Orbiter.

Amrik Singh

The economy of Israel is advanced by global standards. Israel ranks within the top 20 nations in the world on the latest report of the UN's Human Development Index, which places it in the category of "Very Highly Developed", allowing the country to enjoy a higher standard of living than many other Western countries. The prosperity of Israel's advanced economy allows the country to have a sophisticated welfare state, a modern infrastructure, and a high-technology sector competitively on par with Silicon Valley. Israel has the second-largest number of startup companies in the world after the United States, and the third-largest number of NASDAQ-listed companies after the U.S. and China. Intel, Microsoft, and Apple built their first overseas research and development facilities in Israel, and other high-tech multi-national corporations, such as IBM, Google, HP, Cisco Systems, Facebook and Motorola have opened R&D centres in the country. The country's major economic sectors are high-technology and industrial manufacturing; the Israeli diamond industry is one of the world's centers for diamond cutting and polishing, amounting to 23.2% of all exports. Relatively poor in natural resources, Israel depends on imports of petroleum, raw materials, wheat, motor vehicles, uncut diamonds and production inputs, though the country's nearly total reliance on energy imports may change in the future with recent discoveries of natural gas reserves off its coast on the one hand and the leading role of the Israeli solar energy industry on the other. Israel's quality university education and the establishment of a highly motivated and educated populace is largely responsible for ushering in the country's high technology boom and rapid economic development. With its strong educational infrastructure and high quality incubation system for new cutting edge ideas to create value driven goods and services has allowed the country to create a high concentration of high-tech companies across the country financially backed by a strong venture capital industry. Its central high technology hub "Silicon Wadi" is considered second in importance only to its Californian counterpart. Numerous Israeli companies have been acquired by global corporations for their reliable and quality corporate personnel. With such an impressive track record for creating profit driven technologies, Israel has become the first choice for many of world's leading entrepreneurs, investors, and industry giants. The economic dynamism of Israel has attracted attention from international business leaders such as Microsoft founder Bill Gates, investor Warren Buffett, real estate developer and U.S. President Donald Trump and telecommunications giant Carlos Slim. Each entrepreneur has praised Israel's economy and invested heavily across numerous Israeli industries beyond their traditional business activities and investments back in their home nations. In 2007, American investor Warren Buffett's holding company Berkshire Hathaway bought an Israeli company, Iscar, its first acquisition outside the United States, for $4 billion. The country was also the destination for Berkshire Hathaway's first investment outside the United States when it acquired ISCAR Metalworking. In September 2010, Israel was invited to join the OECD. Israel has also signed free trade agreements with the European Union, the United States, the European Free Trade Association, Turkey, Mexico, Canada, Ukraine, Jordan, Egypt, and on 18 December 2007, became the first non-Latin-American country to sign a free trade agreement with the Mercosur trade bloc. Israel is also a major tourist destination, with 3.6 million foreign tourists visiting it in 2017.

Abbasid Caliphate

2010 in Singapore

A motorcycle, often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle. Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding. Motorcycling is riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending motorcycle rallies. According to the US Department of Transportation the number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.

The Abbasid Caliphate ( or Arabic: ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّة‎, al-Khilāfatu al-ʿAbbāsiyyah) was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centred its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Sasanian capital city of Ctesiphon. The Abbasid period was marked by reliance on Persian bureaucrats (notably the Barmakid family) for governing the territories as well as an increasing inclusion of non-Arab Muslims in the ummah (national community). Persianate customs were broadly adopted by the ruling elite, and they began patronage of artists and scholars. Baghdad became a centre of science, culture, philosophy and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. Despite this initial cooperation, the Abbasids of the late 8th century had alienated both non-Arab mawali (clients) and Iranian bureaucrats. They were forced to cede authority over al-Andalus (Spain) to the Umayyads in 756, Morocco to the Idrisid dynasty in 788, Ifriqiya and Southern Italy to the Aghlabids in 800, Iran to Saffarid in 861 and Egypt to the Isma'ili-Shia caliphate of the Fatimids in 969. The political power of the caliphs largely ended with the rise of the Iranian Buyids and the Seljuq Turks, who captured Baghdad in 945 and 1055, respectively. Although Abbasid leadership over the vast Islamic empire was gradually reduced to a ceremonial religious function, the dynasty retained control over its Mesopotamian domain. The Abbasids' period of cultural fruition ended in 1258 with the sack of Baghdad by the Mongols under Hulagu Khan. The Abbasid line of rulers, and Muslim culture in general, re-centred themselves in the Mamluk capital of Cairo in 1261. Though lacking in political power (with the brief exception of Caliph Al-Musta'in of Cairo), the dynasty continued to claim religious authority until after the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 1517.

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