liamsburg, Massachusetts]], U.S.|death_date = August 9, 1949 (aged 74)|death_place = Montrose, New York|death_cause = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = |residence = |nationality = American|other_names = |known_for = Father of Educational PsychologyLaw of EffectBehavior Modification|education = Roxbury Latin School|alma_mater = Wesleyan UniversityHarvard UniversityColumbia University|employer = Teachers College, Columbia University|occupation = Psychologist|title = Professor|salary = |networth = |height = |weight = |term = |predecessor = |successor = |party = |boards = |spouse = Elizabeth Moulton (married August 29, 1900)|partner = |children = |parents = |relatives = |signature = |website = |footnotes = }}Edward Lee Thorndike (August 31, 1874 – August 9, 1949) was an American psychologist who spent nearly his entire career at Teachers College, Columbia University. His work on comparative psychology and the learning process led to the theory of connectionism and helped lay the scientific foundation for educational psychology. He also worked on solving industrial problems, such as employee exams and testing. He was a member of the board of the Psychological Corporation and served as president of the American Psychological Association in 1912. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Thorndike as the ninth-most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Edward Thorndike had a powerful impact on reinforcement theory and behavior analysis, providing the basic framework for empirical laws in behavior psychology with his law of effect. Through his contributions to the behavioral psychology field came his major impacts on education, where the law of effect has great influence in the classroom.

Ashford Carbonell (or Ashford Carbonel) is a village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England, near the county border with Herefordshire. The village lies 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of the market town of Ludlow, on the eastern side of the River Teme, facing the smaller Ashford Bowdler. The river acts as the boundary between the parishes of Ashford Bowdler and Ashford Carbonel, and is crossed locally by Ashford Bridge, which takes the Caynham Road from the A49 towards Caynham.

liamsburg, Massachusetts]], U.S.|death_date = August 9, 1949 (aged 74)|death_place = Montrose, New York|death_cause = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = |residence = |nationality = American|other_names = |known_for = Father of Educational PsychologyLaw of EffectBehavior Modification|education = Roxbury Latin School|alma_mater = Wesleyan UniversityHarvard UniversityColumbia University|employer = Teachers College, Columbia University|occupation = Psychologist|title = Professor|salary = |networth = |height = |weight = |term = |predecessor = |successor = |party = |boards = |spouse = Elizabeth Moulton (married August 29, 1900)|partner = |children = |parents = |relatives = |signature = |website = |footnotes = }}Edward Lee Thorndike (August 31, 1874 – August 9, 1949) was an American ps

Ashford Carbonell (or Ashford Carbonel) is a village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England, near the county border with Herefordshire. The village lies 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of the market town of Ludlow, on the eastern side of the River Teme, facing the smaller Ashford Bowdler. The river acts as the boundary between the parishes of Ashford Bowdler and Ashford Carbonel, and is crossed locally by Ashford Bridge, which takes the Caynham Road from the A49 towards Caynham. The civil parish (which is formally named Ashford Carbonel) had a population of 321 as recorded in the 2011 census; the area covered by the parish is 635 hectares (1,570 acres).