Subhash Chandra Mahavidyalaya

Sub-sun

SubLOGIC Flight Simulator

Subang Alam

Subhashni Giridhar

Sub-machine gun

Subhadra

Subetai

Haji Muhammad Subhi Abdilah bin Haji Bakir

Subgroup diagram

Sub-optimal health

Suberanilohydroxamic acid

Subhadra is a 1941 Indian Kannada film directed by P. Pullaiah based on a work of B. Puttaswamayya, who also wrote the film's screenplay. The film stars Gubbi Veeranna and Honnappa Bhagavathar in the lead roles. Musician B. Devendrappa, B. Raghavendra Rao, Vasudeva Girimaji, B. Jayamma, G. V. Malathamma and Gangubhai Gulegudda feature in supporting roles. Music for the film was composed by Padmanabha Shastry, Mallikarjun Mansur and Narahari Sastry.

Subgenre of science fiction

Subdivisions of Panama

Sub-net

Subdivisions of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, include the formal administrative subdivision into raions and the more detailed informal subdivision into historical neighborhoods.

Sub judice

Subhash Bridge is a bridge over Sabarmati River and an important area in Ahmedabad for its association with Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi Ashram is 1.5 km away from Subhash Bridge. Gandhi Ashram Shopping area is a storehouse of Khadi. Subhash Bridge stands as a residential area of Ahmedabad with more than 80 residential societies spread across this place. It has been separated from rest of the city by a railway line in the west and Sabarmati river at its eastern side.

In the telephony business, sub-loop unbundling (SLU) is a type of unbundled access whereby a sub-section of the local loop is unbundled. In practice this often means the competitor placing a small street cabinet with a DSLAM, next to a telco local copper aggregation cabinet or serving area interface and using a 'tie cable' to connect to the last part of the local loop into customers' homes.

Subdivisions of British India

Subhadrā

Sub-provincial divisions of the People's Republic of China

Sub Rosa is a 2003 album by Swedish artist Eagle-Eye Cherry, his third studio album.

SubTV

Subh-e-Pakistan is a Pakistani live morning show hosted by a research scholar Aamir Liaquat Hussain. It was first aired 19 November 2014 on Geo Entertainment. The show is preceded by morning show Utho Jago Pakistan, hosted by Shaista Wahidi which was banned due to act of blasphemy during the show. After being defunct for few months, the show was re-launched on 7 December 2015 under the title Subh-e-Pakistan Kahani Ke Sath on channel Geo Kahani.

Dato' Subahan Kamal (born 26 December 1965) is a Malaysian politician and was the member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly for Taman Templer from 2008 to 2013. He is a member of the governing United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) party. He is currently the president of the Football Association of Selangor .

Subharti Medical College

Subhash Bridge

Subhi Bay Barakat al-Khalidi

In marketing, a sub-niche market is a very small market niche having specific appeal. A sub-niche is small group of individuals removed from mainstream marketplace. A niche market may become so large that it may seem that it is part of a mainstream group when actuality it is still a niche. It can then be divided into a smaller group of individuals within the niche itself.

The Suba (Abasuba) are Bantu group of people in Kenya who speak the Suba language. Their population is estimated at about 300,000, with very few fluent speakers left. They migrated to Kenya from Uganda and settled on the two Lake Victoria islands of Rusinga and Mfangano, others also settled on the mainland areas including Gembe , Gwassi, Kaksingri of Suba South and Migori and are believed to be the last tribe to have settled in Kenya. Linguistically, the Suba are highly influenced by the neighbouring Luo, to the point of a language shift having taken place among large portions of the mainland Suba. As a result, their own language has been classified as endangered. Despite this language shift, the Suba have kept a distinct ethnic identity. The Rusinga Festival is held in December of every year as a cultural festival to celebrate and preserve Suba culture and language.Suna Girango or Abagirango is another group that is usually erroneously grouped together with the Abasuba of Suba South and Suba North, since they also call themselves Abasuba. But, this is because Girango had a son named Musuba (Suba) and this Musuba had many children than his other brothers for instance Tegi and Gire hence descendants of Musuba calling themselves Abasuba meaning Musuba's people. Suba clans in Suna include Simbete, Sweta, and Wiga; and they have a clear and distinct ancestry that goes back to forefathers who crossed red Sea from Misri as illustrated below:Ragwe<--Siora<--Montheya<--Girango<--MusubaabsTheir language is also distinct and very different from the Olusuba language spoken by the Abasuba of Homabay. The Kisuba language spoken by the Suna people is very similar to the Suba-Simbiti language that their brothers the Simbiti, Aga Sweta, Surwa and Hacha people of Tanzania speak. But, currently those who claim to speak Kisuba actually speak igikuria (bunchari dialect) which is 85% lexically and syntactically similar to Kisuba (Kisimbiti).

Subdivisions of Canada

Sub-national statistical services when autonomous are part of the overall statistical architecture of a country along with a central statistical organisation existing in nearly every country (see List of national and international statistical services), and also various sectoral statistical services established in Ministerial departments or other government agencies. This is particularly true in the case of most Federation of states as shown in the table below. Those of these sub-national statistical services established in non-independent territories (from UK, Netherlands, France, etc.) generally act as a central statistical organisation for the territory. The mandate of these autonomous services varies from country to country; their statistical production intends to respond mainly to local needs for statistics, complementary to the production of national statistical data.

Suban Punnon

A sub transmission is an extra manual or automatic transmission that is independent of the main transmission. In a four-wheel drive, an extra gear stick is often provided to transfer torque when needed and to put the vehicle into low range. Sub transmissions are used in a few motorcycles, such as the Honda CB900C and the Honda CT110. In the Mitsubishi Cordia, a "Super Shift 4x2" sub transmission was adopted, doubling the number of 4-speed main transmission gears.

Subhash Gupte

Subhasish Chakraborty

Subfactorial

Sub-orbital space flight

Subgroups of ethnic Germans are divided according to distinctive cultural and geographic classifications.

Subdivisions of the Turks and Caicos Islands

Sub-threshold current mode logic

Subhi Abdilah Bakir

Sub-national jurisdiction

Sub-divisional inspector was a rank used in the London Metropolitan Police from the 1870s or 1880s until 1949. A sub-divisional inspector ranked above an inspector and below a chief inspector. As the title suggests, he or she commanded a sub-division or held an equivalent administrative position. The equivalent rank in the Criminal Investigation Department was divisional detective inspector or first class detective inspector. In 1949, the rank was absorbed into that of chief inspector, although in 1953 officers who held the position of sub-divisional commander were regraded again to superintendent grade I, and are thus equivalent to modern superintendents.Rank was indicated by a number of diamond-shaped Bath Stars (or "pips") that were worn on either the standing collar or the epaulettes. A single star was worn from 1880 to 1922, two stars from 1922 to 1941, and three stars from 1941 to 1949.Bertha Clayden was the first (and possibly only) woman to be promoted to the rank, in 1934.

Sub-prefecture

Subhav Sinha

Subdromomeryx is an extinct genus of Artiodactyla, of the family Palaeomerycidae, endemic to North America.

Subhas Naskar

Subhashchandra Pandharinath Gupte

Suba Games, LLC is an online games publisher. Launched in August 2008, Suba Games' first title was the North American launch of ACE Online. At about the same time, Suba Games also launched Priston Tale and Priston Tale 2 that came as a result from a strategic partnership with leading Korean publisher, Yedang Online. In August 2010, Suba Games brought the browser-based MMO, Fragoria, into the North American market. One month later, they launched their FPS, Mission Against Terror, into Open Beta.

Sub Battle Simulator

For administrative purposes British India was subdivided into the following units:

Sub-prefect

Sub Tun Sohniyeh

Subhi Abdillah Bakir

Subah-o-Shyam

Sub-tonic

Subhav Sinha (born 14 January 1988, in Patna, Bihar) is an innovator who has developed a personal mobility battery operated vehicle called Personalised Mover - Mitra which was displayed at the 10th Auto Expo held at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi, INDIA.

SubLant

Sub Teniente Nestor Arias Airport (IATA: SNF, ICAO: SVSP) is an airport serving San Felipe, a town in the Yaracuy state of Venezuela. The runway is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the town.The San Felipe non-directional beacon (Ident: SPE) is located near the northeastern end of the runway.

Subhash Chandra Mahavidyalaya (Hindi: सुभाष चन्द्र महाविद्यालय) is a coeducational undergraduate degree college in the village of Chakarma, Pindra Tehsil in Varanasi, India.Subhash Chandra Mahavidyalaya started in 2011. Its facilities include a library, seminar hall, laboratories, athletic grounds and lecture halls.The college offers courses leading to a B.Sc. or a B.A..

Sub transmission

A subaqueous volcano is a volcano formed beneath freshwater and never builds above lake level. They are commonly in the form of gently sloping tuff cones, although they can sometimes have an unvolcano-like form, such as White Horse Bluff in the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field of east-central British Columbia, Canada.Subaqueous volcanoes can be compared to subaerial volcanoes which are formed and erupt on land surface, or under the air.

Subei people

Subdivisions of France

Subfamiliae

Sub-sampling

Subanon (disambiguation)

Suberites ficus is a species of sponge in the family Suberitidae. It is sometimes known as the sea orange sponge.Sponges are primitive animals with little apparent internal organisation. They are composed of a jellylike mesohyl sandwiched between two layers of cells and have a fragile skeleton composed of stiff spicules. They are filter feeders, maintaining a flow of water through their structure which passes out through large openings called oscula.

Sub-judge

The subdivisions of Republic of Gran Colombia, a former independent country in northern South America.The post-Spanish colonial country existed from 1819 to 1831. The initial 1820 subdivisions were revised and expanded in 1824.

Subacute endocarditis

Subhranshu Senapati (born 30 December 1996) is an Indian cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Odisha in the 2016–17 Ranji Trophy on 6 October 2016. He made his Twenty20 debut for Odisha in the 2016–17 Inter State Twenty-20 Tournament on 3 February 2017. He made his List A debut for Odisha in the 2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 25 February 2017.He was the leading run-scorer for Odisha in the 2017–18 Ranji Trophy, with 427 runs in six matches.

Subhashini Ali

Suberitidae

Sub-niche market

Subalaya College, Subalaya

Subfields of psychology
Psychology encompasses a vast domain, and includes many different approaches to the study of mental processes and behavior. Below are the major areas of inquiry that taken together constitute psychology. A comprehensive list of the sub-fields and areas within psychology can be found at the list of psychology topics and list of psychology disciplines.

Sub-mediant

SubGenius

Subalpine climate

Sub Atomic

Sub-ledger

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis

Sub-prime loans

Subhankar Das (born 1963) is an Indian poet, bookshop owner, actor and film producer.

Sub-lease

Sub-notebook

Subang Alam LRT station is a Light Rapid Transit station at Subang Alam in Shah Alam, Selangor. The Subang Alam station is located near Sekolah Kebangsaan Alam Megah 2. The station serves the nearby Subang Alam and Aroma Tropika neighbourhoods in Shah Alam, Selangor.It is operated under the Kelana Jaya LRT system network as found in the station signage. Like most other LRT stations operating in Klang Valley, this station is elevated.

SUBHASISH CHAKRABORTY (M.P.) a Rajya Sabha member.Let us start from the beginning. In the year 1984, Mamata Banerjee became the youngest parliamentarians, beating veteran Somnath Chatterjee from Jadavpur in South Kolkata and became the General-Secretary of the All India Youth Congress. Since then, the man who never thought of anything except MAMATA BANERJEE is none other than our beloved Mr. Subhasish Chakraborty ( Sibu Da ) We all know that once Haridevpur been the second home to Mamata Banerjee and that is only because she had enormous faith in and affection for SUBHASISH CHAKRABORTY. Now the ruling party is T.M.C but even when it was impossible to put a single flag of Congress in Haridevpur, he was serving people. Sibu Da is a person who helps people without seeing their political colour. This has earned him the love and blessings of innumerable people. On 9th March 2018 in the core meeting, when the honourable Chief Minister Of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee, nominated the name of Subhasish Chakraborty, the whole auditorium had given him a standing audition. Again on 23rd March when in assembly house ( Bidhan Sabha ) the wave of followers were waiting for the result and to welcome there beloved leader, an incident happened which changed the entire calculation. Mamata Banerjee came and cast her vote in favour of Subhasish Chakraborty withdrawing from Dr.Santanu Sen. On 3rd April again Subhasish Chakraborty made every Bengali proud when he took oath as M.P of (Rajya Sabha ) in the parliament in Bengali. He always says: "If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together."He is a true leader who always leads from the front and one of the most adorable persons of MAMATA BANERJEE.

Subalaya College is an aided junior college located at Subalaya in Birmaharajpur subdivision, Subarnapur district, Odisha, India. It is a 10+2 Arts college and located on the bank of river Mahanadi.

Subha Tulfah al-Mussallat

Section 28,Shah Alam,Selangor,

Subdivisions of Gran Colombia

The subdivisions of the Nordic countries are similar given the countries' shared culture and history.

Subgrouping (linguistics)

Subduction polarity reversal

Suburbia: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

Sub Taluk

Subhav Sinha (born 14 January 1988, in Patna, Bihar) is an innovator who has developed a personal mobility battery operated vehicle called Personalised Mover - Mitra which was displayed at the 10th Auto Expo held at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi, INDIA. The vehicle is capable of carrying a single person which is considered to be useful particularly in airport corridors, institutional campuses and in speciality buildings such as hospitals where low noise pollution is required.It is also considered to have the potential to be developed as a personalized transport for the 2010 Commonwealth Games, especially within the large stadium complexes.He is selected as the International Climate Champion for year 2010, a program run by British Council. His creation has been covered by CII( Confederation of Indian Industries )in Journal of Small Business and Enterpris as 'Mitra' shows path of Innovation. The Economic Times has featured his exhibition at The Auto Expo with the article 'Personalised mover' draws eyes at Auto Expo Entrepreneur India magazine has also featured Subhav in its start-up section in the article Mobility Gets Personal. Techpedia, a portal of technology projects by students, an initiative of SRISTI (society for research and initiatives for sustainable technologies and institutions) has featured this vehicle in the list of its top - ranking projects.

Subhash Verma is a retired Indian wrestler born on 15 July 1968 at village Malakpur, Baghpat, UP. Verma was trained at the Hanuman Akhara (wrestling school) of Delhi. He was a very famous pupil of Guru Hanuman. He had won Bharat Kesari (Very Popular Indian Style wrestling Tournament) title 15 times in his career. Now he runs his own Akhara to train young wrestler for India.

Subharti Medical College or Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College is a private medical college located near Meerut in Meerut district, Uttar Pradesh, India. The college is affiliated to Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut.

Sub Rosa (album)

Subhas Naskar is an Indian politician, belonging to the Revolutionary Socialist Party. He served as Irrigation Minister in the Left Front government of West Bengal. He has won the Basanti Legislative Assembly seat in the 1982, 1987, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 elections.

Subhash Bose

Subglacial volcano

Subalternation is an immediate inference which is only made between A (All S are P) and I (Some S are P) categorical propositions and between E (No S are P or originally, No S is P ) and O (Some S are not P or originally, Not every S is P) categorical propositions of the traditional square of opposition and the original square of opposition. If the A proposition is true we may immediately infer that I is true. If the E proposition is true we may immediately infer that O is true.

Suba is a 2010 Sri Lankan Sinhala drama film directed by Ariyadasa Peiris and co-produced by K.R. Siriwardana, Ajith Kulathunga, W.R. Dammika, Swetha De Silva and Ariyadasa Peiris for Charithamali Films. It stars Muthu Tharanga and Manjula Moragaha in lead roles along with Cletus Mendis and Sanoja Bibile. Music composed by Rohana Weerasinghe. It is the 1146th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.

Sub film

Tunisia is divided into 24 governorates of Tunisia.The governorates are divided into 264 "delegations" or "districts" (mutamadiyat), and further subdivided into municipalities (shaykhats) and sectors (imadats).

Subaqueous volcano

Sub-regions of the Americas

*Hymeniacidon ficus( (sensu Linnaeus, 1767)

SubSonex

The subdural space (or subdural cavity) is a potential space that can be opened by the separation of the arachnoid mater from the dura mater as the result of trauma, pathologic process, or the absence of cerebrospinal fluid as seen in a cadaver. In the cadaver, due to the absence of cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space, the arachnoid mater falls away from the dura mater.

Subhash Misra

Sub Inspector

Subei people (simplified Chinese: 苏北人; traditional Chinese: 蘇北人), also known as Jiangbei People (Chinese: 江北人; pinyin: Jiāngběirén), are Jianghuai Mandarin speaking people of Han Chinese from the Subei region (northern Jiangsu province).Due to natural disasters and insurrections in their native region, during the Qing dynasty and the Republican period they migrated in large numbers to the Wu-speaking Jiangnan region (south of the Yangtze), especially Shanghai.The Subei culture was seen a symbol of sophistication during the mid-Qing dynasty period, but lost its status after China entered Railway era instead of Canal Age.

Subfield

Subdivisions of Montenegro

Subedar of Deccan

Subedar-major is the senior rank of junior commissioned officer in the Indian and Pakistani Armies, and formerly a Viceroy's commissioned officer in the British Indian Army.Although commissioned, they would be considered as senior enlisted personnel and fulfil a role similar to that of the most senior non-commissioned officers in other armies.

Sub compact

Subanen

Sub Oslo

Sub-fossil

Suba Games, LLC

Sub-ethnic group

Subdivisions of Afghanistan

Sub Battle Simulator is a naval combat simulation game released by Epyx in 1987. The game was developed by Digital Illusions, Inc. It was released for the Amiga, Apple II, Apple IIGS, Commodore 64, Atari ST, Macintosh, MS-DOS, and the Tandy Color Computer 3.

Subhani Bayounous

Sub agent

Subhamita Banerjee (Bengali: শুভমিতা বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়) is a Bengali singer from Kolkata, India, who specializes in modern songs, Ghazals. She has many Bengali albums to her credit and is one of the well known singers in the Bengali music industry.

SUBHASISH CHAKRABORTY (M.P.) a Rajya Sabha member.Let us start from the beginning. In the year 1984, Mamata Banerjee became the youngest parliamentarians, beating veteran Somnath Chatterjee from Jadavpur in South Kolkata and became the General-Secretary of the All India Youth Congress. Since then, the man who never thought of anything except MAMATA BANERJEE is none other than our beloved Mr.

Sub Pop

Sub-units

Subaiya Natesan

The Canton of Valais is subdivided into districts and municipalities.There is one former district, namely Raron District, which got divided into Westlich Raron District, Östlich Raron District.

Subdivisions of Micronesia

Subhi Abdilah Bakir (born 8 April 1980) is a retired Bruneian international footballer who played for most notably the Brunei M-League representative team and Brunei DPMM FC as a right-sided midfielder. He also played as a right wing-back for DPMM later in his career.

Subhas Naskar is an Indian politician, belonging to the Revolutionary Socialist Party. He served as Irrigation Minister in the Left Front government of West Bengal. He has won the Basanti Legislative Assembly seat in the 1982, 1987, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2006 and 2011 elections. After the 2011 assembly election he was elected as Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.Subhas Naskar’s ancestral house at Basanti was attacked during panchayat elections in 2008 and a bomb was allegedly thrown by CPI(M) supporters, fatally injuring his nephew’s wife.The son of the late Prajapati Naskar, he is a graduate and a former school teacher.

SubRip text file format

Subdivisions of the canton of Valais

Subdivisions of the Principality of Montenegro

Subahan Kamal

Subhash Ganu Bhoir (Marathi: सुभाष गणू भोईर) (born 2 June 1958) is an Indian Shiv Sena politician from Thane district, Maharashtra. He is a member of the 13th Maharashtra Legislative Assembly. He represents the Kalyan Rural Assembly Constituency. He is also former Member of Maharashtra Legislative Council.

Indian classical dancer of Bharatanatyam and a Chartered Accountant

Sub Oslo is an improvisational band from Denton, TX that plays psychedelic/ambient dub. The band was formed in 1996 by Miguel Veliz and Quincy Holloway, who were roommates at the time. Since then the band has expanded to include a total of 8 members. When Sub Oslo performs live, they have a live visual artist to display visualizations projected onto a screen, and incorporate a mix engineer, allowing performances to be different each time. Sub Oslo has toured the West Coast, Japan, and has also had their music featured in the Xbox videogame Brute Force. They have also performed alongside influential dub artists such as Mad Professor, Steel Pulse and The Roots. They also performed with less known artists such as Fugazi, Raz Mesanai, the Make-up, Yeti, Him, June of 44, and DJ Krush.

The subantarctic shearwater (Puffinus elegans), is a small shearwater which breeds in the Tristan da Cunha archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean and some of the subantarctic islands off New Zealand.

Sub-frame

Subacronicta

Sub-editor

Sub-prime lending

Subdivisions of Greece

Subhas Chandra Bose Statue

Subgraph matching

Sub-random

Subalternation

Sub-mission

Suba movement

*Suberites domuncula var. ficus( (Johnston, 1842)

Subdivisions of Slovenia:Cadastral communityMunicipalities of SloveniaNUTS of SloveniaStatistical regions of SloveniaISO 3166-2:SISix telephone areas: see Telephone numbers in Slovenia

Subformula

Subdivisions of the Federated States of Micronesia

Subhasini Ali is an Indian politician and a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). She is the President of the All India Democratic Women's Association.

Sub domain

Sub-warden

सुभाष भोईर

Subdivisions of Tunisia

Subhas Chakraborty (18 March 1942- 3 August 2009) was a leader in the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Transport, Sports and Youth Services Minister in the Government of West Bengal.

Sub-prefectures of Guinea

In metallurgy, materials science and structural geology, subgrain rotation recrystallization is recognized as an important mechanism for dynamic recrystallisation. It involves the rotation of initially low-angle sub-grain boundaries until the mismatch between the crystal lattices across the boundary is sufficient for them to be regarded as grain boundaries. This mechanism has been recognized in many minerals (including quartz, calcite, olivine, pyroxenes, micas, feldspars, halite, garnets and zircons) and in metals (various magnesium, aluminium and nickel alloys).

Subfossils

Sub Teniente Nestor Arias Airport

Subdural space

Subhas Sumbhu Chakrobarty (born 23 October 1985 in Kolkata) is an Indian football player. He is currently playing for Mumbai F.C. in the I-League in India as a Midfielder.

Subhamita Banerjee

Subdromomeryx

Sub-national autonomous statistical services

Subalpine aster

Subfield (disambiguation)

Subglacial Lake Whillans

Subhashni Giridhar (born 27 April 1965) is an Indian classical dancer of Bharatanatyam and a Chartered Accountant.

Sub-glacial lakes

Sub-object classifier

Sub-unit

Subdivision of Eindhoven into districts, quarters and neighborhoods

Subhav sinha

The sub-group hiding assumption is a computational hardness assumption used in elliptic curve cryptography and pairing-based cryptography.It was first introduced in to build a 2-DNF homomorphic encryption scheme.

Subalternation is an immediate inference which is only made between A (All S are P) and I (Some S are P) categorical propositions and between E (No S are P or originally, No S is P ) and O (Some S are not P or originally, Not every S is P) categorical propositions of the traditional square of opposition and the original square of opposition. If the A proposition is true we may immediately infer that I is true. If the E proposition is true we may immediately infer that O is true. Conversely, If the I is false, we can immediately infer that A is also false, as well as if O is false, then E is false. However, if the A proposition is false that will not tell us anything about the truth value of the I proposition. Similarly, if the E proposition is false, that will not tell us anything about the truth value of the O proposition.An example of a subalternation is "If all leopards are mammals, then some leopards are mammals."When the inference is misapplied, the syllogistic fallacy is called an illicit subalternation.

Sub replacement fertility rate

Subalaya High School

Suba Games

Sub-exponential time

Subfossil lemurs are lemurs from Madagascar that are represented by recent (subfossil) remains dating from nearly 26,000 years ago to approximately 560 years ago (from the late Pleistocene until the Holocene). They include both living and extinct species, although the term more frequently refers to the extinct giant lemurs.

Subdivisions of Kiev

A subglacial volcano, also known as a glaciovolcano, is a volcanic form produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a glacier or ice sheet which is then melted into a lake by the rising lava. Today they are most common in Iceland and Antarctica; older formations of this type are found also in British Columbia and Yukon Territory, Canada.During the eruption, the heat of the lava from the subglacial volcano melts the overlying ice. The water quickly cools the lava, resulting in pillow lava shapes similar to those of underwater volcanoes. When the pillow lavas break off and roll down the volcano slopes, pillow breccia, tuff breccia, and hyaloclastite form. The meltwater may be released from below the ice as happened in Iceland in 1996 when the Grímsvötn caldera erupted, melting 3 km3 of ice and giving rise to a large glacial lake outburst flood.The shape of subglacial volcanoes tends to be quite characteristic and unusual, with a flattened top and steep sides supported against collapse by the pressure of the surrounding ice and meltwater. If the volcano eventually melts completely through the ice layer, then horizontal lava flows are deposited, and the top of the volcano assumes a nearly level form. However, if significant amounts of lava are later erupted subaerially, then the volcano may assume a more conventional shape. In Canada the volcanos have been known to form both conical and nearly level shapes. The more distinctly flat-topped, steep-sided subglacial volcanoes are called tuyas, named after Tuya Butte in northern British Columbia by Canadian geologist Bill Mathews in 1947. In Iceland, such volcanoes are also known as table mountains.

Sub-division

Suba Avenida Boyacá (TransMilenio)

Sub trunk

Subhashchandra Pandharinath "Fergie" Gupte (Marathi: सुभाष गुप्ते) pronunciation (11 December 1929 – 31 May 2002) was one of Test cricket's finest spin bowlers. Sir Garry Sobers pronounced him the best leg spinner that it had been his pleasure to see.[1]Gupte flighted and spun the ball sharply, and possessed two different googlies. The West Indians who toured India in 1958/9 reckoned that Gupte could turn the ball on glass. His only drawback perhaps was that he tended to lose confidence when the batsmen attacked his bowling.

Sub Oslo is an improvisational band from Denton, TX that plays psychedelic/ambient dub. The band was formed in 1996 by Miguel Veliz and Quincy Holloway, who were roommates at the time. Since then the band has expanded to include a total of 8 members. When Sub Oslo performs live, they have a live visual artist to display visualizations projected onto a screen, and incorporate a mix engineer, allowing performances to be different each time.

Subendocardial branches

Subdivision 6E, Newfoundland and Labrador

SubUrbia

Subhash Bhoir

Suba

The Subansiri River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The Subansiri is 442 kilometres (275 mi) long, with a drainage basin 32,640 square kilometres (12,600 sq mi) large. The Subansiri is the largest tributary of the Brahmaputra. Its maximum observed discharge was 18,799 cubic metres per second (663,900 cu ft/s), and its minimum 131 m3/s (4,600 cu ft/s).
The Subansiri River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The Subansiri is 442 kilometres (275 mi) long, with a drainage basin 32,640 square kilometres (12,600 sq mi) large. The Subansiri is the largest tributary of the Brahmaputra. Its maximum observed discharge was 18,799 cubic metres per second (663,900 cu ft/s), and its minimum 131 m3/s (4,600 cu ft/s). It contributes 7.92% of the Brahmaputra's total flow.The Subansiri River originates in the Himalayas, in China. It flows east and southeast into India, then south to the Assam Valley, where it joins the Brahmaputra River in Lakhimpur district.

Sub-national statistical services when autonomous are part of the overall statistical architecture of a country along with a central statistical organisation existing in nearly every country (see List of national and international statistical services), and also various sectoral statistical services established in Ministerial departments or other government agencies. This is particularly true in the case of most Federation of states as shown in the table below.

Subdural bleed

Subgame perfect

Suba people (Kenya)

Subdivisions of Bardhaman district

Subdivisions of Sweden

Subantarctic shearwater

A subglacial volcano, also known as a glaciovolcano, is a volcanic form produced by subglacial eruptions or eruptions beneath the surface of a glacier or ice sheet which is then melted into a lake by the rising lava. Today they are most common in Iceland and Antarctica; older formations of this type are found also in British Columbia and Yukon Territory, Canada.During the eruption, the heat of the lava from the subglacial volcano melts the overlying ice.

Subdivisions of the Nordic countries

Member of Legislative AssemblyofMaharashtra

Sub-province Litoměřice

Subaqueous volcanoes

Subantarctic Parakeet

सुभाष चन्द्र महाविद्यालय

Subduction polarity reversal is a geologic process in which two converging plates switch roles: The over-lying plate becomes the down-going plate, and vice versa. There are two basic units which make up a subduction zone. This consists of an overriding plate and the subduction plate. Two plates move towards each other due to tectonic forces. The overriding plate will be on the top of the subducting plate. This type of tectonic interaction is found at many plate boundaries.However, some geologists propose that the roles of the overriding plate and subducting plate do not remain the same indefinitely. Their roles will swap, which means the plate originally subducting beneath will become the overriding plate. This phenomenon is called subduction switch, the flipping of subduction polarity or subduction polarity reversal.Examples of subduction systems with subduction polarity reversal are:Caledonides, IrelandAlps-Apennines, ItalyKamchatka, RussiaWetar, eastern IndonesiaTimor, east Savu SeaMediterraneanTaiwan

SubhanAllah

Sub-divisional inspector was a rank used in the London Metropolitan Police from the 1870s or 1880s until 1949. A sub-divisional inspector ranked above an inspector and below a chief inspector. As the title suggests, he or she commanded a sub-division or held an equivalent administrative position. The equivalent rank in the Criminal Investigation Department was divisional detective inspector or first class detective inspector.

Subalpine larch

Sub-munition

Subhanahongsa Award

Subangdaku, Mandaue

Sub sector

Sub-multiple

Sub-order

The subdural space (or subdural cavity) is a potential space that can be opened by the separation of the arachnoid mater from the dura mater as the result of trauma, pathologic process, or the absence of cerebrospinal fluid as seen in a cadaver. In the cadaver, due to the absence of cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space, the arachnoid mater falls away from the dura mater. It may also be the site of trauma, such as a subdural hematoma, causing abnormal separation of dura and arachnoid mater. Hence, the subdural space is referred to as "potential" or "artificial" space.

Subh e Pakistan

Subdivision 1N, Newfoundland and Labrador

Subdivisions of the Czech Republic

Sub a Dub Dub

Subgrain rotation recrystallization

Subfields of electrical engineering

Subfossil lemur

Subgroups of Germans

Suberised

Sub-four minute mile

Subhedral

Subduction polarity reversal is a geologic process in which two converging plates switch roles: The over-lying plate becomes the down-going plate, and vice versa. There are two basic units which make up a subduction zone. This consists of an overriding plate and the subduction plate. Two plates move towards each other due to tectonic forces. The overriding plate will be on the top of the subducting plate.

Sub pen

Sub-prefectures of Ivory Coast (French: sous-préfectures de Côte d'Ivoire) are the fourth-level administrative subdivisions of the country. There are currently 510 sub-prefectures.

Subedar-major

Subdivisions of Congo

Subang Jaya Komuter station

Sub Division

Subhash Tomar

Subdivisions of El Salvador

Subacronicta was a genus of moths of the Noctuidae family. It is now considered a synonym of Acronicta.

Sube'etei

Sub7 (band)

Suberites ficus

Suberitidae is a family of demosponges belonging to the order Hadromerida.

Subanen language

Subdivisions of Winnipeg

Member of theSelangor State Legislative AssemblyforTaman Templer

Sub Diego

Subacronicta megacephala

Sub-group hiding

The following lists give an overview of the subdivision of the city of Eindhoven into districts, quarters and neighborhoods, as determined by the municipality of Eindhoven.Eindhoven consists of 7 districts, which are subdivided into a total of 19 quarters. The quarters are divided into a total of 109 neighborhoods.

Sub-solar point

Subhashchandra Pandharinath "Fergie" Gupte (Marathi: सुभाष गुप्ते) pronunciation (11 December 1929 – 31 May 2002) was one of Test cricket's finest spin bowlers. Sir Garry Sobers pronounced him the best leg spinner that it had been his pleasure to see.[1]Gupte flighted and spun the ball sharply, and possessed two different googlies. The West Indians who toured India in 1958/9 reckoned that Gupte could turn the ball on glass.

Subdivisions of Slovakia

Subdivisions of Sao Paulo

Sub-loop unbundling

Subdivisions of Argentina

Subash

Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) is an important water mass in the Earth's oceans. It is formed near the Subantarctic Front on the northern flank of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The surface density of Subantarctic Mode Water ranges between about 1026.0 and 1027.0 kg/m3 and the core of this water mass is often identified as a region of particularly low stratification.Another important facet of SAMW is that silicate (an important nutrient for diatoms) is depleted relative to nitrate. This depletion can be tracked over much of the globe, suggesting that SAMW helps set the blend of nutrients delivered to low-latitude ocean ecosystems, and thus determines the balance of species within these ecosystems.SAMW is a very homogenous layer that forms north of the Subantarctic Front and is also referred to as a pycnostad. Its uniformity can be attributed to convective overturning that also serves to ventilate it resulting in the high dissolved oxygen value of >6ml/l.It has slightly less dissolved oxygen than the surface water layer above it, but greater dissolved oxygen than the water masses below it. It has some variability in temperature, salinity and density in the Pacific Ocean. From west to east, the density increases from 1026.9 kg/m³ to 1027.1 kg/m³, the temperature decreases from 8.5 °C to 5.5 °C, and the salinity decreases from 34.62 ppt to 34.25 ppt (psu) In the region where the Peru-Chile Undercurrent flows above the SAMW, the SAMW can be distinguished as having locally-characteristic low phosphorus, silicate and other nutrient concentrations in comparison. It moves by the transference of heat energy via the Subtropical anticyclonic gyre and retains its individuality as differentiated with the less-salty Antarctic Intermediate Water below it and the more highly oxygenated surface water above it. The oxygen maximum portion of SAMW sinks at 28˚S to 700m and lifts back to 500m around 15˚S after oxygen levels decreased.SAMW acts as an oxygenator for mid oceanic depths in the Southern oceans. Near the surface it picks up atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide and then sinks, or subducts near the Indian Ocean, contributing to the Indian subtropical gyre and cooling and contributing to the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC).

Sub plot

Subansiri River

Subantarctic mode water (SAMW) is an important water mass in the Earth's oceans. It is formed near the Subantarctic Front on the northern flank of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The surface density of Subantarctic Mode Water ranges between about 1026.0 and 1027.0 kg/m3 and the core of this water mass is often identified as a region of particularly low stratification.Another important facet of SAMW is that silicate (an important nutrient for diatoms) is depleted relative to nitrate.

Subhranshu Senapati

Sub-préfecture

Subantarctic Mode Water

Afghanistan is divided into:Provinces of AfghanistanDistricts of AfghanistanSubdistricts of Afghanistan

Subagent

Subhaan Allaah

Subdivision of South Sudan

Subhas Chakraborty

Sub-prefectures of Ivory Coast (French: sous-préfectures de Côte d'Ivoire) are the fourth-level administrative subdivisions of the country. There are currently 510 sub-prefectures. They were created in 2011, when the administrative subdivisions of Ivory Coast were reorganised.In Ivory Coast, there are 14 first-level districts (including two autonomous districts) sub-divided into 31 regions, which are sub-divided into 108 departments (French: départements), which are further sub-divided into 510 sub-prefectures. The sub-prefectures contain more than 8000 villages nationwide. Where needed, multiple villages have been combined into 197 communes. The two autonomous districts are not divided into regions, but they do contain one or more departments as well as sub-prefectures and communes.Two areas of the country are not subdivided into sub-prefectures. First, the urban portion the Autonomous District of Abidjan—constituting Abidjan City proper—contains no sub-prefectures, only communes, although the more rural areas of the Autonomous District of Abidjan are divided into sub-prefectures. Second, the portion of the Comoé National Park that is located in Zanzan District is not divided into sub-prefectures.

Sub centers

Suba (film)

SubUrbia is a 1996 American comedy-drama film written by Eric Bogosian, based on his play of the same name, and directed by Richard Linklater. It follows the relationships between a few young adults as they spend their time standing on "the corner" outside a local convenience store.Bogosian based the story on his own experiences growing up in Woburn, Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston. The convenience store setting is based on the 7-11 in the "Four Corners" section of the west side of Woburn, and the high-school fight song that is sung in one scene is the actual Woburn High fight song ("Black and Orange" to the tune of "On Wisconsin").

Subdivisions of Seychelles

Sub-post office

Subdivisions of Belgium

Sub-post-office

Subdivisions of Tuvalu

Municipalities of Montenegro (LAU-1, ISO 3166-2:ME)communes (mjesna zajednica)settlements (naselje) (LAU-2)NUTS of MontenegroRegions of Montenegro

Sub-subunit or sub-sub-unit is a subordinated element below platoon level of company sized units or sub-units which normally might not be separately identified in authorization documents by name, number, or letter. Fire and maneuver teams, fireteams, squads, crews, sections and patrols are typically sub-subunits.

Winnipeg, Manitoba, is subdivided in different ways for different purposes. The suburbs and neighbourhoods of Winnipeg take their names from former administrative districts, parishes, and geographic features.

Subaltern studies

Sub network

Subhash Verma

*Halichondria farinaria( Bowerbank, 1866)

Available with payment. 115 total parking bays.

Subdivisions of Western Samoa

Sub-rosa subway

Subete wa Kimi ni Aeta kara

Sub-saharan africa

Sub-group

Subhadra (film)

The sub-prefectures (known in French as sous-prefectures) are the third-level administrative divisions in Guinea. As of 2009 there were 303 rural communes of Guinea and 38 urban communes, 5 of which compose the Conakry greater urban area; Kaloum, Dixinn, Matam, Ratoma and Matoto.

Subhanker banerjee

Sub-prefectures of Ivory Coast

A subaqueous volcano is a volcano formed beneath freshwater and never builds above lake level. They are commonly in the form of gently sloping tuff cones, although they can sometimes have an unvolcano-like form, such as White Horse Bluff in the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field of east-central British Columbia, Canada.Subaqueous volcanoes can be compared to subaerial volcanoes which are formed and erupt on land surface, or under the air. The major differences of volcanic eruptions are due to the effects of pressure, heat capacity or conductivity of water, the presence of steam and water rheology. The thermal conductivity of water is about 20 times that of air and steam has a thermal conductivity nearly 50 times that of water. Subaqueous volcanoes are most commonly formed in oceans, but can also form in lakes, rivers and subglacial lakes. In improving our understanding of subaqueous volcanoes, it is important to consider the differences between the characteristics of modern and ancient approaches to the study. Modern studies offer fresh and unaltered observances, can see and map surface features and the water depth is known in areas that allow observation. Ancient studies have had stratigraphic exposure to sections, are easier to work on, have more and better exposures and have an existing relationship to resources.Some geologists would restrict the term subaqueous pyroclastic flow deposits to volcaniclastic units that show characteristics of emplacement in a hot state deposited underwater—however, this can’t always be done because of the subsequent process of alteration/diagenesis such as active hot springs and associated hydrothermal alteration. Deposits from pyroclastic flows that interact with water and are transformed into water-supported mass flows are called subaqueous pyroclastic debris flow deposits by some geologists. On the other hand, processes that are associated with eruption, transportation and deposition are notably different because of the presence of water. Such differences that the presence of water entails is the ability to vaporize when in contact with water, a high density and resulting confining pressure, high viscosity relative to air and differences in the thermal conductivities/heat capacities in the air relative to water.Some understanding of subaqueous volcanoes can be inferred from knowledge of volcanic processes based on ancient successions. Subaqueous volcano deposits have been occurring in the south of Honshu, the largest island among Japan’s four principal islands. The four subaqueous volcanic deposits have been documented and are located throughout Japan offer significant evidence to study.Subaqueous volcanic deposits are associated with subaqueous sedimentary deposits and these deposits range from near shore, off-shore and abyssal mudstone deposits. Unfortunately, paleo-depth constraints for sedimentary strata are poor and subject to contradicting interpretations. However, the depth of emplacement can be conjectured with minor control of water depth. In determining the characteristics of pyroclastic flows in subaerial versus subaqueous deposits, it is commonly believed that water fluidized volcaniclastic flows become normally graded in terms of all components except for large, buoyant pumice blocks which settle to form large pumice layers. However, this phenomenon is usually seen as subaerial ignimbrite (pumice rich pyroclastic flows) deposits. Because of this, the characteristic is not considered clear evidence for the interpretation of the fluidizing agent (hot gas or water) and can therefore only be used in conjunction with other criteria.Characteristics can be sorted to infer subaqueous eruption or emplacement of silicic pyroclastic deposits. Larger pumice blocks rise for a more extended period of time (minutes to hours) in comparison to smaller pumice fragments because of gases trapped within vesicles and the very fine ash fragments may become entrained into the rising plume of gas and heated water because of the low density and weight. Therefore, subaqueous silicic pyroclastic eruptions may be diminished in the course size fraction as well as the very fine ash size fraction based on the buoyancy of the material in the water medium. These characteristics may be important in determining the style of subaqueous eruption and emplacement mechanism. The characteristics of texture, such as grain morphology and grain size abundances can also provide knowledge on the process of controlling the eruption style or transport/flow properties, whether turbulent or laminar.Seafloor exploration has discovered that more volcanic eruptions occur at the bottom of the sea than on land. However, the effects of ambient water and hydrostatic pressure on silicic volcanic eruptions in subaqueous settings are not entirely understood because deep marine eruptions are not directly observed and studied. Because of this, information of recent deep-water volcanic eruptions are still incomplete and limited.The conclusions of the studies of subaqueous volcanoes in Japan determine that clear evidence for eruption and/or emplacement of pyroclastic flows continue to be determined from the examination of these deposits although inferential evidence such as grain morphology, sorting and grading can be used to identify and document ancient subaqueous volcanic deposits. The University of California, Santa Barbara will continue to conduct further research which may be able to provide further information on styles of subaqueous volcanic eruptions and/or flow characteristics of volcanic deposits.

SubUrbia (film)

Subhankar Das

In law, sub judice, Latin for "under judgment", means that a particular case or matter is under trial or being considered by a judge or court.

Sub-family

Subdivision of the Ottoman Empire

Subhi Tufaili

Subah al-Subah

Sub-harmonic

SubUrbia is a 1996 American comedy-drama film written by Eric Bogosian, based on his play of the same name, and directed by Richard Linklater. It follows the relationships between a few young adults as they spend their time standing on "the corner" outside a local convenience store.Bogosian based the story on his own experiences growing up in Woburn, Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston.

Subelo

Subdivisions of Albania

Sub center

Subadditive

Subang Alam LRT station

Subdivision 1O, Newfoundland and Labrador

Sub-linear

Subependymal giant-cell astrocytoma

Subhanker Banerjee

Subh-e-Pakistan

Subhas Chakrobarty

Sub-peak

Subdivisions of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

Subhas Sumbhu Chakrobarty

Subdivisions of the Bahamas

Sub Rosa

Subdominant seventh

In metallurgy, materials science and structural geology, subgrain rotation recrystallization is recognized as an important mechanism for dynamic recrystallisation. It involves the rotation of initially low-angle sub-grain boundaries until the mismatch between the crystal lattices across the boundary is sufficient for them to be regarded as grain boundaries.

Suba (Bogota)

In law, sub judice, Latin for "under judgment", means that a particular case or matter is under trial or being considered by a judge or court. The term may be used synonymously with "the present case" or "the case at bar" by some lawyers.In England and Wales, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Canada, Sri Lanka, and Israel it is generally considered inappropriate to comment publicly on cases sub judice, which can be an offence in itself, leading to contempt of court proceedings. This is particularly true in criminal cases, where publicly discussing cases sub judice may constitute interference with due process.Prior to 1981 in English law the term was correctly used to describe material which would prejudice court proceedings by publication. Sub judice is now irrelevant to journalists because of the introduction of the Contempt of Court Act 1981. Under Section 2 of the Act, a substantial risk of serious prejudice can only be created by a media report when proceedings are active. Proceedings become active when there is an arrest, oral charge, issue of a warrant, or a summons.In the United States, there are First Amendment concerns about stifling the right of free speech which prevent such tight restrictions on comments sub judice. However, State Rules of Professional Conduct governing attorneys often place restrictions on the out-of-court statements an attorney may make regarding an ongoing case. Furthermore, there are still protections for criminal defendants, and those convicted in an atmosphere of a media circus have had their convictions overturned for a fairer trial. One example is the murder conviction of Sam Sheppard.

Sube

Subang – Kelana Jaya Link

Subedar-major is the senior rank of junior commissioned officer in the Indian and Pakistani Armies, and formerly a Viceroy's commissioned officer in the British Indian Army.Although commissioned, they would be considered as senior enlisted personnel and fulfil a role similar to that of the most senior non-commissioned officers in other armies. A battalion's single subedar-major assists the commander in much the same way as a regimental sergeant major would (to the extent that this rank, known as regimental havildar major, is now almost obsolete in the Indian Army).Under British rule a subedar-major wore the crown of a full major, a tradition which has continued with slight variation after independence. India now use Ashoka lions with a gold and red stripe below, and Pakistan a wreathed star with green and red. These stripes separate subedar-majors from full commissioned majors.In the cavalry, the equivalent rank is risaldar-major. Subedar-major or risaldar-major equated to a British major and subedar or risaldar to captain, although junior to all British officers.

Subdomains

Subdivisions of Nedić's Serbia

Subfischeria

Subah al-Ahmad al-Subah

Sub-mm

Subantarctic Snipe

Sub Padure

Sub-genres

Sub Pop is a record label founded in 1986 by Bruce Pavitt. In 1988, Sub Pop Records LLC was formed by Pavitt and Jonathan Poneman in Seattle, Washington. Sub Pop achieved fame in the late 1980s for first signing Seattle bands such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, and Mudhoney, central players in the emerging grunge movement.
Sub Pop is a record label founded in 1986 by Bruce Pavitt. In 1988, Sub Pop Records LLC was formed by Pavitt and Jonathan Poneman in Seattle, Washington. Sub Pop achieved fame in the late 1980s for first signing Seattle bands such as Nirvana, Soundgarden, and Mudhoney, central players in the emerging grunge movement. They are often credited with taking the first steps toward popularizing grunge music, and have continued to achieve critical and commercial success in the new millennium, with bands such as Fleet Foxes, Foals, Beach House, The Postal Service, Flight of the Conchords, Sleater-Kinney, Blitzen Trapper, Father John Misty, Shabazz Palaces and The Shins on their roster. In 1995 the owners of Sub Pop sold a 49% stake of the label to the Warner Music Group.

Subantarctic skua

Sub-subunit

Sub-divisional inspector

Subdivisions of Slovenia

Subdivisions of Bhutan

The Suba (Abasuba) are Bantu group of people in Kenya who speak the Suba language. Their population is estimated at about 300,000, with very few fluent speakers left. They migrated to Kenya from Uganda and settled on the two Lake Victoria islands of Rusinga and Mfangano, others also settled on the mainland areas including Gembe , Gwassi, Kaksingri of Suba South and Migori and are believed to be the last tribe to have settled in Kenya.

Subharmonic and superharmonic functions

Sub-pixel

Subdivisions of Croatia

Subdivisions of Norden

Sub pages

Subdivisions of Minsk

Subfloor

Subfossil lemurs are lemurs from Madagascar that are represented by recent (subfossil) remains dating from nearly 26,000 years ago to approximately 560 years ago (from the late Pleistocene until the Holocene). They include both living and extinct species, although the term more frequently refers to the extinct giant lemurs. The diversity of subfossil lemur communities was greater than that of present-day lemur communities, ranging from as high as 20 or more species per location, compared with 10 to 12 species today. Extinct species are estimated to have ranged in size from slightly over 10 kg (22 lb) to roughly 160 kg (350 lb). Even the subfossil remains of living species are larger and more robust than the skeletal remains of modern specimens. The subfossil sites found around most of the island demonstrate that most giant lemurs had wide distributions and that ranges of living species have contracted significantly since the arrival of humans.Despite their size, the giant lemurs shared many features with living lemurs, including rapid development, poor day vision, relatively small brains, and lack of male dominance. They also had many distinct traits among lemurs, including a tendency to rely on terrestrial locomotion, slow climbing, and suspension instead of leaping, as well as a greater dependence on leaf-eating and seed predation. The giant lemurs likely filled ecological niches now left vacant, particularly seed dispersal for plants with large seeds. There were three distinct families of giant lemur, including the Palaeopropithecidae (sloth lemurs), Megaladapidae (koala lemurs), and Archaeolemuridae (monkey lemurs). Two other types were more closely related and similar in appearance to living lemurs: the giant aye-aye and Pachylemur, a genus of "giant ruffed lemurs".Subfossil remains were first discovered on Madagascar in the 1860s, but giant lemur species were not formally described until the 1890s. The paleontological interest sparked by the initial discoveries resulted in an overabundance of new species names, the allocation of bones to the wrong species, and inaccurate reconstructions during the early 20th century. Discoveries waned during the mid-20th century; paleontological work resumed in the 1980s and resulted in the discovery of new species and a new genus. Research has recently focused on diets, lifestyle, social behavior, and other aspects of biology. The remains of the subfossil lemurs are relatively recent, with all or most species dating within the last 2,000 years. Humans first arrived on Madagascar around that time and hunting likely played a role in the rapid decline of the lemurs and the other megafauna that once existed on the large island. Additional factors are thought to have contributed to their ultimate disappearance. Oral traditions and recent reports of sightings by Malagasy villagers have been interpreted by some as suggesting either lingering populations or very recent extinctions.