Russian constitution

Russian dressing is a piquant American salad dressing consisting of mayonnaise with ketchup and other ingredients. Russian dressing is a key ingredient in a Reuben sandwich.

Navarin

Russian cruiser Boyarin (1901)

Russian cyber war

Diana (Russian: Диана) was the second of three Pallada-class protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy. The cruiser served during the Russo-Japanese War and took part in the Battle of the Yellow Sea on 10 August 1904. Later, she served as part of Russian Baltic Fleet during World War I.

Russian defence

Dmitrii Donskoi

Russian border guard

Russian corvette Sovershennyy

The Smerch (Смерч) (Tornado) is a Nanuchka III-class corvette of the Russian Navy. It is classified as a Small Missile Ship/FFL (Малый Ракетный Корабль/МРК) and is currently registered with hull number 423. She is currently assigned to the Russian Pacific Ocean Fleet and was built in 1984. On 1 February 2014 it was reported that while under the command of Captain 3rd Rank Alexei Petrov (Алексей Петров), she conducted training in local waters near the Kamchatka Peninsula. Training events included protecting the vessel, chemical contamination of the water supply, using personal protective equipment, disinfection, and decontamination of the ship. On 25 March 2013 it was reported that she participated in local training with her Nanuchka III-class sister ship (Иней) (Frost) and Grisha V-Class (МПК-82) in Avacha Bay. Her crew trained on survival in severe weather conditions and responding to emergencies. Future training was to consist of antiaircraft warfare and antisubmarine warfare. One of the corvettes was pictured launching an SA-N-4 and shooting its AK-176.

Russian defence industry

Russian dancing

Smetlivy (Russian: Сметливый, lit. 'Resourceful') is a Kashin-class guided missile destroyer of the Russian Navy. Entering service in 1969, the ship served until 1991 with the fall of the Soviet Union. She returned to service in 1995 after a refit and is now a part of the Black Sea Fleet, making it the oldest active destroyer in the world.

General-Admiral Apraksin

Admiral Tributs (Адмирал Трибуц) is a Project 1155 Large Anti-Submarine Ship (Большой Противолодочный Корабль, BPK) of the Russian Navy. The vessel is known in the west as an Udaloy-class destroyer. Named after Vladimir Filippovich Tributs, the vessel serves in the Russian Pacific Fleet.

Russian cricket team

Russian copyright

Gangut (Russian: броненосец "Гангут") was an Imperial Russian coast defense ship named after the Battle of Gangut. This ship was a scaled-down version of the Imperator Aleksandr II-class battleships

Russian diplomatic missions

Russian dialects are spoken variants of the Russian language. Depending on the presence or the absence of vowel reduction (akanye and/or ikanye) and the pronunciation of Proto-Slavic *g, Russian is divided into two main dialectical divisions and the intermediate one: The dialects of the southern Ural, Siberia and the Far East may be of all three groups, depending on where the settlers from European Russia came from. The dialects of the Lower Don and the Northern Caucasus are of the Southern Russian origin.

Russian cruiser Azov

Russian corvette Boikiy

Register ofRussia

Varyag (also spelled Variag; see Varangian for the meaning of the name) (Russian: кре́йсер «Варя́г») was a Russian protected cruiser. Varyag became famous for her crew's stoicism at the Battle of Chemulpo Bay.

Russian danseurs

Russian biochemical school

Russian copulation

Askold (Russian: Аскольд) was a protected cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was named after the legendary Varangian Askold. Her thin, narrow hull and maximum speed of 23.8 knots (44.1 km/h) were considered impressive for the time.

Russian declaration of independence

Russian cursive alphabet

Oleg (Russian: Олег) was the 4th and final Bogatyr-class protected cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy.

Russian club of financial directors

Russian cypress

Azov

The Russian Orthodox churches are distinguished by their verticality, bright colors and multiple domes which provide a striking contrast with the flat Russian landscape often covered in snow. The very first churches in Kievan Rus', such as the 13-domed wooden St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod, differed in this regard from their mainly single-cupola Byzantine predecessors. The number of domes was important symbolically. One dome symbolized the single God; three represented the Trinity and five represented Christ and his four evangelists. At first the baptistery, narthex, and choir gallery above the narthex were a common feature of Rus' churches, but gradually they disappeared. After a century of Byzantine imitations, the Russian masons began to emphasise the verticality in church design. The late 12th century saw the development of so-called tower churches in Polotsk and Smolensk; this design later spread to other areas such as Kiev and Chernihiv. A visual transition between the main cube of the church and the elongated cylinder below the dome was provided by one or several rows of curved corbel arches, known as kokoshniki. They could be spade-shaped, semicircular, or pointed. In later Muscovite churches, the massed banks of kokoshniki evolved into a distinctive pyramidal shape. The reign of Ivan the Terrible was marked by the introduction of so-called tent roofs. The churches such as St. Basil's Cathedral were an agglomeration of chapels capped by the steeply-pitched conical roofs of fanciful designs. The architects of Vladimir-Suzdal switched from brick to white limestone ashlar as their main building material, which provided for dramatically effective church silhouettes, but made church construction very costly. The ornamentation combined native carpentry, oriental, Italian Renaissance, and German Gothic motifs. The architects of Novgorod and Pskov constructed their churches of fieldstone and undressed blocks of limestone. As a result, the northwestern buildings have highly textured walls, as if hand-moulded of clay. A trefoil facade with pointed gables was a common arrangement in the later Novgorod Republic. The churches of Pskov were tiny and gabled; they developed an enclosed gallery which led to a porch and a simple belfry, or zvonnitsa. The dominant problem of late medieval Russian architecture was the placement of the belfry. An early solution to the problem was to put the belfry above the main body of the church. Detached belfries with tent roofs are exceedingly common in the 17th century; they are often joined to the church by a gallery or a low elongated narthex. The latter arrangement is known as the "ship design", with the belfry rising above the porch serving as the prow. The Muscovite Baroque churches represent the tiered structure of traditional Russian log churches "in which a pyramidal silhouette ascends in a series of diminishing octahedrons" (W. C. Brumfield). This type of the church is known as the "octagon on cube" church.

Russian cruiser Admiral Nevelskoy

Antitrust issues in Russia are regulated by one law: Federal Law No. 135-FZ, “On the Protection of Competition", which entered into force on 26 October 2006. The “3rd antimonopoly package”, which entered into force in January 2012, is indicative of a general trend of liberalization of antimonopoly regulation. Indeed, its stated aim was to bring Russia more in line with European competition regulations.

The Russian cruiser Minin (Russian: Минин) was an armored cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the 1860s and 1870s. She was renamed Ladoga in 1909 when converted to a minelayer. The ship was sunk in 1915 when she struck a mine laid by a German submarine in the Baltic Sea.

Russian cruiser Oleg

Russian cosmism is a philosophical and cultural movement that emerged in Russia in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Russian cube

Admiral Tributs

Russian citizenship

The Russian cruiser Marshal Ustinov (Russian: Маршал Устинов), is a Slava-class cruiser of the Russian Navy. The Russian name for the ship type is Gvardeysky Raketnyy Kreyser (GRKR), meaning "Guards Missile Cruiser". She is named after Dmitriy Ustinov, a former Soviet Minister of Defence. Marshal Ustinov is assigned to the 43rd Missile Ship Division of the Russian Northern Fleet, whose homeport and the Fleet HQ is in Severomorsk.

Cultural Heritage

Russian botanical school

Admiral Chabanenko is an Udaloy II-class anti-submarine destroyer of the Russian Navy. The destroyer was laid down in 1989, during the Soviet period, and was finished by Russia 10 years later, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In 1999 she deployed with the Northern Fleet. The Admiral Chabanenko is the sole vessel of the Project 1155.1 design, a modified version of the Project 1155 design, also called Udaloy class. The design is also known as the Udaloy II class. The ship includes updated weapon systems like the SS-N-22 anti-ship missile and the "Zvezda" M-2 series sonar system. She is named after Admiral Andrei Chabanenko, commander of the Northern Fleet between 1952 and 1962.

Russian conquest of Uzbekistan

Admiral Panteleyev is an Udaloy-class destroyer ("large anti-submarine ship") of the Russian Navy. She is named after Yuri Aleksandrovich Panteleyev.

Russian culture centre in Lviv

Russian cruiser Pallada

Vladimir Monomakh

Gangut

Russian cruiser Diana (1899)

Russian colonialism

Russian choreographers

Russian destroyer Gagara (1899)

Steregushchiy (Стерегущий - Watchful) is the lead ship of the latest class of corvettes of the Russian Navy, the Steregushchy class. The ship was built by the Severnaya Verf shipyard in St.Petersburg and was laid down in December 2001, launched in May 2006 and joined the Russian Navy on 14 November 2007. In total, the Russian Navy have publicly announced that they expect to buy at least 20 of these ships, for all four major fleets.

Russian currency

General-Admiral Apraksin (Russian: Генералъ-Адмиралъ Апраксинъ), sometimes transliterated as Apraxin, was a member of the Admiral Ushakov-class coastal defense ships of the Imperial Russian Navy. She was named after General Admiral Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin, the first commander of Russian Baltic Fleet. She was one of eight Russian pre-dreadnought battleships captured by the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. She subsequently served in the Japanese Navy as Okinoshima (沖ノ島) until removed from service in 1922. She had only three guns (a single gun turret aft, as shown in the photograph), instead of her sister ships, which were equipped with four guns.

Sunk in theBattle of Penangon 28 October 1914

Russian chervonets

Russian domesticated Red Fox

Russian culture center in Lviv

Russian botanics

Russian brig Mercury

Russian culture centre in Lvov

Russian checkers

Russian civil law

Soobrazitelnyy (Сообразительный - Smart/Astute) is the second ship of the latest class of corvettes of the Russian Navy, the Steregushchy class. The ship was built by the Severnaya Verf shipyard in St.Petersburg and was laid down in May 2003. It was launched in late March 2010 and joined the Baltic Fleet in 2011. The ship is the first of the class to be fitted with the system intended to increase its anti-aircraft capabilities with respect to the Kashtan CIWS previously used. The corvette was shown to the public for the first time at the fifth International Maritime Defence Show (IMDS-2011) in St. Petersburg. In April 2017, Soobrazitelnyy and her sister Boikiy were escorted through the English Channel by HMS Sutherland. The ship was one of the main characters shown in the RT channel documentary series "The Baltic Fleet".

Steregushchiy

Russian computing

Svetlana (

Russian chessboard killer

Russian ecology

Russian cruiser Gerzog Edinburgski

Ochakov was a Kara-class cruiser of the Russian Navy Black Sea Fleet. She was decommissioned in 2011 but remained laid-up in Sevastopol, until on 3 March 2014 she was towed and sunk as a blockship in the channel to Donuzlav lake, in Novoozerne, in western Crimea. A few months later she was refloated and returned to Inkerman to await scrapping.

Russian corvette Navarin

Mercury (Russian: Меркурий) was a Imperial Russian Navy 18-gun, two-masted warship. It is famous for its lopsided battle with two Turkish ships, which took place on May 14, 1829. The name (literally In Memory of Mercury) was given to a number of ships of the Russian Baltic Fleet.

Russian campaign of 1812

General-Admiral

Russian candy or Russian chocolate (Finnish: kinuski; Russian: ириски-тянучки iriski-tyanuchki) is a very sweet toffee-like dessert made by carefully heating equal amounts of milk or cream and sugar. It is a traditional dessert sauce in Nordic countries. Karl Fazer brought the first Russian candy recipe to Finland from St. Petersburg.

Russian cruiser Nikolayev

Russian censorship of Chechnya coverage

Russian coast defense ship Gangut

Pallada was the lead ship in the Pallada class of protected cruisers in the Imperial Russian Navy. She was built in the Admiralty Shipyard at Saint Petersburg, Russia. The new class was a major improvement on previous Russian cruisers, although the armor protection was light.

Sunk by British torpedo boats on 18 August 1919

Zhemchug

Russian blacks

Russian cruiser Admiral Makarov (1906)

Russian doping controversy

Russian constitution crisis

Russian constructivism

Pamiat Azova

Russian captives in Guantanamo

Russian corvette Steregushchiy

Russian church architecture

Russian collaboration with Nazi Germany

Russian clothing

Pallada

Russian cruiser General-Admiral (1873)

A large numbers of Soviet citizens of various ethnicity collaborated with Nazi Germany during World War II. It is estimated that the number of Soviet collaborators with the Nazi German military was between one and two and a half million.

Oleg (

Russian cruiser Admiral Isakov

Russian computer pioneers

Russian corvette Smerch

Russian cruiser Muraviev Amurski

Russian cruiser Bayan

Russian choreography

Russian cruiser Varyag (Russian: Варяг, lit. 'Varangian'), (Formerly-Chervona Ukraina), is the third ship of the Slava-class of guided missile cruisers built for the Soviet Navy now serving the Russian Navy.

Russian destroyer Leytenant Zatsarenni

Russian doll

Gerzog Edinburgski (Russian: Герцог Эдинбургский) was an armoured cruiser of the General-Admiral class built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was the sister ship of General-Admiral and was named after Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Edinburgh (Gerzog Edinburgski in Russian) who married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia. Gerzog Edinburgski was originally to be named Alexander Nevski but was renamed before launching. She was launched in 1875 and served in the Far East from 1879 to 1884 and in the Mediterranean Sea from 1897 until ca. 1900. While in the Mediterranean, she deployed to Crete to serve in the International Squadron, a multinational force made up of ships of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, French Navy, Imperial German Navy, Italian Royal Navy (Regia Marina), Imperial Russian Navy, and Royal Navy that intervened in the 1897-1898 Greek uprising on Crete against rule by the Ottoman Empire. She took part in the squadron′s final operations when, as flagship of the commander of the squadron′s Russian forces, Rear Admiral Nikolai Skrydlov, she departed Crete along with the British battleship HMS Revenge (flagship of the commander of British forces in the squadron, Rear-Admiral Gerard Noel) and the Italian battleship Francesco Morosini (flagship of the admiral commanding the squadron's Italian ships) in steaming to Milos with the French protected cruiser , flagship of the International Squadron′s overall commander, Rear Admiral Édouard Pottier. At Milos, they rendezvoused with Prince George of Greece and Denmark aboard his yacht. After Prince George boarded Bugeaud on 20 December, Gerzog Edinburgski, Francesco Morosini, and Revenge escorted Bugeaud to Crete, where Prince George disembarked on 21 December 1898 to take office as the High Commissioner of an autonomous Cretan State under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire, bringing the Cretan uprising to an end. The International Squadron then dissolved. Gerzog Edinburgski was used as a training vessel beginning in the early 1900s. She visited Plymouth in September 1902, and was in Brest the following month. She was converted to a second-line minelayer in 1908. The ship could carry 600 mines and was renamed Onega. She was hulked in 1915 as a depot ship and renamed № 4, Barrikada \ «Баррикада», № 9) after the Bolshevik Revolution. She was broken up in 1949.

Russian border troops

Russian chronicler Nestor

Russian billionaire

Gerzog Edinburgski

Admiral Levchenko is a Russian destroyer of the Udaloy class. The ship was laid down in 1982 and was commissioned in the Soviet navy in 1988. After the fall of the Soviet union the ship continued to serve in the Russian navy. As of 2016 the destroyer is active with the Russian Northern Fleet. In 2010 Admiral Levchenko was part of the Russian operations to combat piracy off the Somalian coast.

Russian consulate

Russian candy

Russian constitutional crisis of 1993

Russian central bank

Sovershennyy is a corvette in the Steregushchy-class being built for the Russian Navy. The ship was laid down in 2006 and launched in 2015. She commenced sea trials in early 2017 and joined the Russian Pacific Fleet on 20 July 2017.She will be the first large surface warship to join the Pacific Fleet in 25 years.

Mercury

Russian draughts

Izumrud (Russian: Изумруд, meaning "Emerald") was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy, and the lead ship in the two-ship Izumrud class. Izumrud and her sister ship Zhemchug were based on the German-built Novik.

Russian cosmological school

Russian conquest of Turkestan

The Russian conquest of Bukhara was a series of wars, invasions, and the subsequent conquest of the Central Asian Emirate of Bukhara by the Russian Empire.

Smetlivy

During the 20th century in the Soviet Union, Russian criminal and prison communities maintained a culture of using tattoos to indicate members' criminal career and ranking. Specifically among those imprisoned under the Gulag system of the Soviet era, the tattoos served to differentiate a criminal leader or thief in law from a political prisoner. The practice grew in the 1930s, peaking in the 1950s and declining in popularity in the 1970s and 1980s.

Russian cruiser 25 Oktyabrya

Russian destroyer Novik (1911)

Светлана

Russian cruiser Diana

Russian continental shelves

Scuttledat theBattle of Tsushima, 28 May 1905

Russian boxing

Russian destroyer Smetlivyy

Russian detainees at Guantanamo Bay

Russian cultural property law

Russian cruiser Muravyov-Amurskiy

Dmitrii Donskoi (Russian: Дмитрий Донской) was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1880s. She was designed as a commerce raider and equipped with a full suite of sails to economize on coal consumption. The ship spent the bulk of her career abroad, either in the Far East or in the Mediterranean. Dmitrii Donskoi was assigned to the Second Pacific Squadron after the Japanese destroyed Russian ships deployed in the Far East during the early stages of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905. The squadron was intercepted by the Japanese fleet in May 1905 in the Battle of Tsushima after a lengthy voyage from the Baltic. The cruiser was not seriously damaged during the initial fighting and tried to continue on to Vladivostok after the first day's fighting. She was spotted by several groups of Japanese warships the following day and was badly damaged in the resulting combat. Her captain ordered the crew ashore near Ulleungdo and had Dmitrii Donskoi scuttled offshore.

In cryptography, Russian copulation is a method of rearranging plaintext before encryption so as to conceal stereotyped headers, salutations, introductions, endings, signatures, etc. This obscures clues for a cryptanalyst, and can be used to increase cryptanalytic difficulty in naive cryptographic schemes (however, most modern schemes contain more rigorous defences; see ciphertext indistinguishability). This is of course desirable for those sending messages and wishing them to remain confidential. Padding is another technique for obscuring such clues.

Russian cross

Russian biochemists

Минин

Soobrazitelnyy (Сообразительный - Smart/Astute) is the second ship of the latest class of corvettes of the Russian Navy, the Steregushchy class. The ship was built by the Severnaya Verf shipyard in St.Petersburg and was laid down in May 2003. It was launched in late March 2010 and joined the Baltic Fleet in 2011. In April 2017, Soobrazitelnyy and her sister Boikiy were escorted through the English Channel by HMS Sutherland. The ship was one of the main characters shown in the RT channel documentary series "The Baltic Fleet".

Russian cruiser Kuban

Soya

Russian destroyer Marshal Shaposhnikov (BPK 543)

Russian eSports Federation (RESF) is the official Russian eSports organization. It is a member of the International e-Sports Federation. RESF was founded in 2000, and achieved state recognition in 2001. After that, RESF achieved it again in 2004 and 2016. It organizes the Russian eSports Cup, National eSports Student League, and eSports Championship of Russia.

Bayan

Russian cultural heritage register

Russian connections in Australia

Russian cruiser Narova

Russian corruption

Russian dwarf hamster

Leytenant Zatsarenni (Russian: Лейтенант Зацаренный) was an Imperial Russian Navy destroyer of the four-strong Leitenant Shestakov class (named after Ivan Shestakov (1820–1888)). Leytenant Zatsarenni herself was named after a torpedo boat captain who had distinguished himself in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. She was sunk on 30 June 1917, when she ran onto a German naval mine that had been laid only days before by the Ottoman Navy light cruiser Midilli (formerly the Imperial German Navy′s SMS Breslau). Midilli had laid seventy mines off the mouth of the Danube, followed by another ten off Fidonisi Island, which to the Germans was then known as Schlangen Insel (Snake Island), off Sulina. Leytenant Zatsarenni was rediscovered in July 2007 by Russian divers.

Russian censorship (disambiguation)

Russian bond default

Russian casualties in Ukraine (2014)

Russian eSports Federation

Russian campaign

Bayan (Russian: Баянъ) was the third of the four Bayan-class armoured cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1900s. The ship was assigned to the Baltic Fleet. She was modified to lay mines shortly after World War I began. Bayan laid mines herself and provided cover for other ships laying minefields. The ship fought several inconclusive battles with German ships during the war, including the Battle of Åland Islands in mid-1915. She also participated in the Battle of Moon Sound during the German invasion of the Estonian islands in late 1917, where she was damaged. Bayan was decommissioned in 1918 and sold for scrap in 1922.

Russian cruiser Zhemchug

Admiral Panteleyev

Rurik (Russian: Рюрик) was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1890s. She was named in honour of Rurik, the semi-legendary founder of ancient Russia. She was sunk at the Battle of Ulsan in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05.

The Russian cruiser Svetlana (Russian: Светлана) was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy. She was the flagship of the Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Russian Navy and was used as a royal yacht in peacetime. She was sunk in combat during Battle of Tsushima in the Russo-Japanese War.

Ochakov

Azov was a Kara-class missile cruiser of the Soviet and later Russian Navy.

General-Admiral was the lead ship of the General-Admiral-class armored cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1870s. She is generally considered as the first true armored cruiser.

Russian colonization of America

Vladimir Monomakh (Russian: Владимир Мономах) was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the 1880s. The vessel was named after Vladimir II Monomakh, Grand Prince of Kiev. She spent most of her career in the Far East, although the ship was in the Baltic Sea when the Russo-Japanese War began in 1904. Vladimir Monomakh was assigned to the Third Pacific Squadron and participated in the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905. She was tasked to protect the Russian transports and was not heavily engaged during the daylight portion of the battle. The ship was torpedoed during the night and was scuttled the following morning by her captain to prevent her capture by the Japanese.

Novík

Pallada (Russian: Паллада) was the last of the four Bayan-class armored cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. She was assigned to the Baltic Fleet during World War I where she captured codebooks from the German cruiser Magdeburg that had run aground during the first month of the war. The ship was torpedoed by a German submarine in October 1914 and exploded; none of the crew survived. Pallada was the first warship lost by the Russians during the war.

Russian corvette Varyag (1862)

Russian chemist

Smerch

Russian cruiser Rossia (1896)

Russian destroyer Novik (1913)

Russian comedian

Russian cruiser Almaz

Russian carrier Admiral Kuznetsov

The Russian corvette Navarin (Russian: Наварин) was an Egyptian corvette captured during the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829 and placed into service by the Russians. She remained in the Mediterranean until 1830 when she was transferred to the Baltic Fleet. Navarin remained there until she was ordered to the Far East in late 1853. She was so badly damaged by a series of storms en route that she was deemed too expensive to repair and was sold for scrap in the Netherlands in 1854.

Russian cartographers

Russian cruiser Novik (1900)

Russian destroyer Vice-Admiral Kulakov (BPK 658)

Russian classical music

In cryptography, Russian copulation is a method of rearranging plaintext before encryption so as to conceal stereotyped headers, salutations, introductions, endings, signatures, etc. This obscures clues for a cryptanalyst, and can be used to increase cryptanalytic difficulty in naive cryptographic schemes (however, most modern schemes contain more rigorous defences; see ciphertext indistinguishability). This is of course desirable for those sending messages and wishing them to remain confidential. Padding is another technique for obscuring such clues. The technique is to break the starting plaintext message into two parts and then to invert the order of the parts (similar to circular shift). This puts all endings and beginnings (presumably the location of most boilerplate phrases) "somewhere in the middle" of the version of the plaintext that is actually encrypted. For some messages, mostly those not in a human language (e.g., images or tabular data), the decrypted version of the plaintext will present problems when reversing the inversion. For messages expressed in ordinary language, there is sufficient redundancy that the inversion can almost always be reversed by a human immediately on inspection. The English phrase suggests that it originally came from an observation about Russian cryptographic practice. However, the technique is generally useful and neither was, nor is, limited to use by Russians.

Russian coast defense ship General Admiral Graf Apraksin

Russian computer people

Russian braille

Russian cruiser Pyotr Velikiy

Russian broad gauge

Russian chemical school

Izumrud

Олег

Russian corvette Rynda

Russian democratic art movement

Admiral Chabanenko

Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich

Russian dialects

Leytenant Zatsarenni (Russian: Лейтенант Зацаренный) was an Imperial Russian Navy destroyer of the four-strong Leitenant Shestakov class (named after Ivan Shestakov (1820–1888)). Leytenant Zatsarenni herself was named after a torpedo boat captain who had distinguished himself in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. Leytenant Zatsarenni was rediscovered in July 2007 by Russian divers.

Gerzog Edinburgski (Russian: Герцог Эдинбургский) was an armoured cruiser of the General-Admiral class built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was the sister ship of General-Admiral and was named after Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Edinburgh (Gerzog Edinburgski in Russian) who married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Russian cruiser Bayan (1911)

Russian destroyer Admiral Chabanenko

Russian destroyer Admiral Tributs

Russian destroyer Admiral Panteleyev

Russian cruiser Pallada (1899)

Russian downloading

Russian development bank

Russian collaborationism with the Axis powers

Russian cruiser Asia (1878)

Russian destroyer Avtroil

Russian cruiser Svetlana

Russian defence spending

Russian continental shelf

Pamiat Azova (Russian: Память Азовa) was a unique armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1880s. She was decommissioned from front line service in 1909, converted into a depot ship and sunk by British torpedo boats during the Baltic Naval War, part of the Russian Civil War.

The national cultural heritage register of Russia (Russian: Единый государственный реестр объектов культурного наследия) is a registry of historically or culturally significant man-made immovable properties – landmark buildings, industrial facilities, memorial homes of notable people of the past, monuments, cemeteries and tombs, archaeological sites and cultural landscapes – man-made environments and natural habitats significantly altered by humans. The register continues a tradition established in 1947 and is governed by a 2002 law "On the objects of cultural heritage (monuments of culture and history)" (Law 73-FZ). The register is maintained by the Federal Service for Monitoring Compliance with Cultural Heritage Legislation (a branch of the federal Ministry of Culture); the publicly available online database is hosted by the Ministry of Culture. Its primary purpose is to aggregate the regional heritage registers maintained by the federal subjects of Russia, monitor the state of heritage objects and compliance with relevant laws. The legal framework of the register, as of May 2009, remains incomplete and the register itself is not yet matched to lists of protected buildings maintained by regional and municipal authorities. It includes around 100,000 items while the local lists total in excess of 140,000. Of these 42,000 are rated as national landmarks, while the rest are of regional or local significance. The Ministry of Culture admits that many items on the registers have been destroyed. Natural landmarks and reserves (apart from cultural landscapes), movable art, archives, museum and library collections are not part of the register and are governed by different laws and agencies. A different listing, State Code of Particularly Valuable Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation, created in 1992, includes the most conspicuous man-made landmarks as well as operating institutions: museums, archives, theatres, universities and academies.

Russian default

Russian chess players

Russian colonies in America

Russian cruiser General-Admiral

Tsugaru

Russian coast defense ship General-Admiral Apraksin

Russian chess championship

Russian cruiser Varyag (1899)

Russian demographics

Dmitrii Donskoi (Russian: Дмитрий Донской) was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1880s. She was designed as a commerce raider and equipped with a full suite of sails to economize on coal consumption. The ship spent the bulk of her career abroad, either in the Far East or in the Mediterranean.

Russian circles

Russian cruiser Varyag (1983)

Russian constitution (disambiguation)

Russian cruiser Svetlana (1896)

Russian cruiser Askold

Admiral Chabanenko is an Udaloy II-class anti-submarine destroyer of the Russian Navy. The destroyer was laid down in 1989, during the Soviet period, and was finished by Russia 10 years later, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In 1999 she deployed with the Northern Fleet. The Admiral Chabanenko is the sole vessel of the Project 1155.1 design, a modified version of the Project 1155 design, also called Udaloy class. The design is also known as the Udaloy II class. The ship includes updated weapon systems like the SS-N-22 anti-ship missile and the "Zvezda" M-2 series sonar system. She is named after Admiral Andrei Chabanenko, commander of the Northern Fleet between 1952 and 1962. In 2008 the Admiral Chabanenko became the first Russian warship to sail through the Panama Canal since World War II, while participating in joint exercises with the Venezuelan Navy. In late 2009 she and the Black Sea Fleet's rescue tug Shakhter deployed off the Horn of Africa, as part of the anti-piracy measures off the Somalian coast. Both vessels then sailed to Norfolk Naval Base to participate in FRUKUS 2011, a series of joint exercises between the Russian, French, British and US navies, held between 23 and 30 June 2011. In December 2013 Admiral Chabanenko docked at the 35th ship repair plant in Murmansk to undergo the overhaul of her engines. The repairs were expanded in August 2017 into a more thorough overhaul and refit of the ship, expected to be completed in December 2019.

Leytenant Zatsarenni

Russian declination

Boiky (Бойкий - Brisk) is a Steregushchy-class corvette of the Russian Navy, the third ship of that class. She was laid down in July 2005 and was launched on 15 April 2011. She was presented to the Baltic Fleet for final inspection by the Navy on 16 March 2012 ahead of her commissioning later in the year. On 16 November 2012 it was reported that the corvette had already passed the shipyard's sea trials; about 70 certificates were signed then. JSC Arsenal intended to produce a 100-mm gun mount A190-01 for the corvette, and late in 2012 the ship moved to Baltiysk acceptance base for the second phase of sea trials. This began state acceptance trials.

Russian cruiser Varyag

Russian cosmonauts

Russian cruiser Admiral Makarov (1908)

Askold (Russian: Аскольд) was a protected cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was named after the legendary Varangian Askold. Her thin, narrow hull and maximum speed of 23.8 knots (44.1 km/h) were considered impressive for the time. Askold had five thin funnels which gave it a unique silhouette for any vessel in the Imperial Russian Navy. This led British sailors to nickname her Packet of Woodbines after the thin cigarettes popular at the time. However, the five funnels also had a symbolic importance, as it was popularly considered that the number of funnels was indicative of performance, and some navies were known to add extra fake funnels to impress dignitaries in less advanced countries.

Russian civil war

Russian classical music is a genre of classical music related to Russia's culture, people, or character. The 19th-century romantic period saw the largest development of this genre, with the emergence in particular of The Five, a group of composers associated with Mily Balakirev, and of the more German style of Pyotr Tchaikovsky.

Russian circumnavigations

Russian cruiser Bayan (1907)

Russian cruiser Admiral Lazarev

Russian destroyer Buinyi

Russian companies

* Russian protectorate overEmirate of Bukhara

Russian biochemistry

Russian climate

Russian defense minister

Russian consulate in Mumbai

Russian cruiser Kagul (1902)

Russian diamond fund

Scuttledafter theBattle of Tsushima, 29 May 1905

Russian destroyer Smetlivy

Russian conquest of Bukhara

Russian cosmist

Russian biological school

Russian corvette Soobrazitelnyy

Russian cruiser Pallada (1906)

Russian cosmism

Russian competition law

Russian detainees in Guantanamo

Russian courts

Russian cruiser Pamiat Merkuria (1878)

The Smerch (Смерч) (Tornado) is a Nanuchka III-class corvette of the Russian Navy. It is classified as a Small Missile Ship/FFL (Малый Ракетный Корабль/МРК) and is currently registered with hull number 423. She is currently assigned to the Russian Pacific Ocean Fleet and was built in 1984.

Russian destroyer Admiral Levchenko

Russian blue

Russian cruiser Bayan (1906)

Russian computer science

Russian czarevich Alexis

Russian circumnavigators

Soobrazitelnyy

Russian cruiser Askold (1900)

Admiral Levchenko

Russian cavalry

Russian coup

Ran aground nearVladivostok, 29 May 1905

Almaz (

Russian cosmology

Russian car industry

Russian cruiser Admiral Nakhimov

Russian colonisation of Siberia

Russian cyberwarfare

Russian defence ministry

Russian dolls

Russian cruiser Alexandr Nevskiy

Diana

Russian dwarf hamsters

Russian bride

Boiky

Russian census

Russian debt default

Russian dressing

Russian chemical weapons

Russian bugseed

Almaz (Russian: Алмаз; literally "Diamond") was a 2nd-class cruiser in the Imperial Russian Navy, built by Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia, as a yacht for Viceroy Yevgeni Alekseyev,

After the Second World War in 1945, issues surrounding wartime loss and compensation started to arise. Cultural valuables were taken from Germany and placed in the Soviet Union. Years later, at the break up of the USSR, the said cultural valuables came to attention as the issue of ownership arose. Following, the debates between the Russian Duma and the Yeltsin government began, with the Duma focusing on compensation to Russia for wartime loss, and Yeltsin focusing on maintaining international relationships and agreements. Arising from the debate, were many struggles, but ultimately the enactment of the Federal Law on Cultural Valuables Displaced to the USSR as a Result of the Second World War and Located on the Territory of the Russian Federation.

Zhemchug (Russian: Жемчуг, "Pearl") was the second of the two-vessel Izumrud class of protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was sunk during World War I by the German light cruiser Emden in the Battle of Penang.

Rurik

Russian border guards

Russian cinema

Russian draughts (also known as Shashki or Russian shashki) is a variant of draughts (checkers) played in Russia and some parts of the former USSR, as well as parts of Eastern Europe and Israel.

The national cultural heritage register of Russia (Russian: Единый государственный реестр объектов культурного наследия) is a registry of historically or culturally significant man-made immovable properties – landmark buildings, industrial facilities, memorial homes of notable people of the past, monuments, cemeteries and tombs, archaeological sites and cultural landscapes – man-made environments and natural habitats significantly altered by humans. The register continues a tradition established in 1947 and is governed by a 2002 law "On the objects of cultural heritage (monuments of culture and history)" (Law 73-FZ). The register is maintained by the Federal Service for Monitoring Compliance with Cultural Heritage Legislation (a branch of the federal Ministry of Culture); the publicly avai

Russian coat of arms

Russian convoys

Russian discoveries

Russian dance

Russian censorship

Russian chant

The Russian Orthodox churches are distinguished by their verticality, bright colors and multiple domes which provide a striking contrast with the flat Russian landscape often covered in snow. The very first churches in Kievan Rus', such as the 13-domed wooden St. Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod, differed in this regard from their mainly single-cupola Byzantine predecessors. The number of domes was important symbolically. One dome symbolized the single God; three represented the Trinity and five represented Christ and his four evangelists. At first the baptistery, narthex, and choir gallery above the narthex were a common feature of Rus' churches, but gradually they disappeared. After a century of Byzantine imitations, the Russian masons began to emphasise the verticality in church design.

Russian economy

Russian defence engineers

Russian citizen

Russian cruiser Rurik (1906)

Russian dining

Russian domesticated red fox

Russian cruiser Marshal Ustinov

Novík was a destroyer of the Russian Imperial Navy and Soviet Navy, commissioned in 1913 where she served with the Baltic Fleet during World War I. She joined the Bolsheviks in November 1917 and was later renamed Yakov Sverdlov.

Varyag

Russian cruiser Vladimir Monomakh

Russian car number plates

Russian citizens

Russian doping scandal

Russian constitutional referendum, 1993

Sunk, 28 May 1905, during theBattle of Tsushima

Russian dossier

Russian cake

Russian cruiser Ochakov

Russian cruiser Izumrud

General-Admiral Apraksin (Russian: Генералъ-Адмиралъ Апраксинъ), sometimes transliterated as Apraxin, was a member of the Admiral Ushakov-class coastal defense ships of the Imperial Russian Navy. She was named after General Admiral Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin, the first commander of Russian Baltic Fleet. She was one of eight Russian pre-dreadnought battleships captured by the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. She subsequently served in the Japanese Navy as Okinoshima (沖ノ島) until removed from service in 1922.

Varyag ex-Chervona Ukraina

Sovershennyy

Askold (Аскольд)

Russian defence budget

Russian cruiser Pamiat Merkuria

Russian census of 1897

Russian botanists

Russian cruiser Dmitrii Donskoi

Алмаз

Russian criminal tattoos

Russian destroyer Prozorlivi (1899)

Russian boxing (Russian - Кулачный бой Kulachniy Boy "fist fighting, pugilism") is the traditional bare-knuckle boxing of Russia.

Nessabih Sabah

Russian black people

Russian cruiser Pamiat Azova

Rurik (Russian: Рюрик) was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in 1906. During World War I, the ship saw service with the Baltic Fleet. She was scrapped in 1930.

Russian dialects are spoken variants of the Russian language. Depending on the presence or the absence of vowel reduction (akanye and/or ikanye) and the pronunciation of Proto-Slavic *g, Russian is divided into two main dialectical divisions and the intermediate one:
* Northern, in the northern and north-eastern parts of European Russia, from Veliky Novgorod to the Perm and northern Ural regions; this has no or little vowel reduction in unstressed positions and stop /ɡ/.
* Southern, in the western and southern parts of European Russia; this has various types of vowel reduction and fricative /ɣ/; this group makes up a dialect continuum with Belarusian, although it differs significantly from the Ukrainian dialects to the further south, sharing only a few isoglosses (namely the fricative pronunciation of Proto-Slavic *g).
* Central or Middle is in an intermediate position between the above two, stretching from Pskov to Tver, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, and down to the Lower Volga region; this group is very heterogeneous and consists of dialects both with and without vowel reduction and either /ɡ/ or /ɣ/. The Muscovite dialect forms the basis of Standard Russian: being originally a northern dialect, with /ɡ/ and no reduction, it later came under the southern influence and has adopted vowel reduction, but retained /ɡ/. The dialects of the southern Ural, Siberia and the Far East may be of all three groups, depending on where the settlers from European Russia came from. The dialects of the Lower Don and the Northern Caucasus are of the Southern Russian origin.

Russian corvette Amerika

Russian doping

Russian cruiser Minin

Marshal Ustinov

Russian defense

Russian colonisation of the Americas

Russian cruiser Avrora

Russian diplomacy

Rurik, Рюрик

Russian cruiser Admiral Kornilov (1887)

Russian dancers

Minin (

Russian criminal slang

Russian defense industry

Boiky (Бойкий - Brisk) is a Steregushchy-class corvette of the Russian Navy, the third ship of that class. She was laid down in July 2005 and was launched on 15 April 2011. She was presented to the Baltic Fleet for final inspection by the Navy on 16 March 2012 ahead of her commissioning later in the year. On 16 November 2012 it was reported that the corvette had already passed the shipyard's sea trials; about 70 certificates were signed then. JSC Arsenal intended to produce a 100-mm gun mount A190-01 for the corvette, and late in 2012 the ship moved to Baltiysk acceptance base for the second phase of sea trials. This began state acceptance trials. The corvette was handed over to the Russian navy on 14 May 2013. In April 2017, Boikiy and sister Soobrazitelnyy were escorted through the English Channel by HMS Sutherland.

Russian cruiser Arkhangelsk

Russian cruiser Rurik (1892)

Russian computer scientists

Okinoshima

Russian cruiser Gromoboi (1899)

Russian chemists