Phosphophoryn

Phosphorescence is a type of photoluminescence related to fluorescence. Unlike fluorescence, a phosphorescent material does not immediately re-emit the radiation it absorbs. The slower time scales of the re-emission are associated with "forbidden" energy state transitions in quantum mechanics. As these transitions occur very slowly in certain materials, absorbed radiation is re-emitted at a lower intensity for up to several hours after the original excitation.Everyday examples of phosphorescent materials are the glow-in-the-dark toys, stickers, paint, and clock dials that glow after being charged with a bright light such as in any normal reading or room light. Typically, the glow slowly fades out, sometimes within a few minutes or up to a few hours in a dark room.The study of phosphorescent materials led to the discovery of radioactivity in 1896.

Phosphorus nitride refers to several chemical compounds of phosphorus and nitrogen:Phosphorus mononitrideTetraphosphorus hexanitrideTriphosphorus pentanitride

Phosphorus-34

Phosphor burn-in

Phosphorus-27

Phosphopentose epimerase (also known as ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase and ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase)(EC 5.1.3.1) encoded by the RPE gene is a metalloprotein that catalyzes the interconversion between D-ribulose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate.D-ribulose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-xylulose 5-phosphateThis reversible conversion is required for carbon fixation in plants – through the Calvin cycle – and for the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway. This enzyme has also been implicated in additional pentose and glucuronate interconversions.In Cupriavidus metallidurans two copies of the gene coding for PPE are known, one is chromosomally encoded P40117, the other one is on a plasmid Q04539. PPE has been found in a wide range of bacteria, archaebacteria, fungi and plants. All the proteins have from 209 to 241 amino acid residues. The enzyme has a TIM barrel structure.

Phosphorous

This page provides supplementary chemical data on phosphorus triiodide.

Phospholipase C pathway

Phosphomannan mannosephosphotransferase

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase (or AIR carboxylase) is an enzyme involved in nucleotide biosynthesis and in particular in purine biosynthesis. It catalyzes the conversion of 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole ("AIR") into 5'-phosphoribosyl-4-carboxy-5-aminoimidazole ("CAIR") as described in the reaction:5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide + CO2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 5'-phosphoribosyl-4-carboxy-5-aminoimidazole + 2 H+

Phosphorated hydrogen

Phospholipase C, beta 4

Phosphonites are organophosphorus compounds with the formula P(OR)2R. They are found in some pesticides and are used as ligands.

Phosphonium ylide

Phosphorus oxide

Phosphonium coupling is a chemical reaction in organic chemistry for organic synthesis. It is a mild, efficient, chemoselective and versatile methodology for the direct C–C, C–N, C–O, and C–S bond formations of unactivated and unprotected tautomerizable heterocycles.

Phosphorite War

Phosphonium coupling

In enzymology, a phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.31) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-ATP + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP + diphosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-ATP and H2O, whereas its two products are 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP and diphosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-ATP diphosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphatase, and phosphoribosyladenosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase. This enzyme participates in histidine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, H+.

Phosphopentomutase

Phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy

Phosphopentose epimerase (also known as ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase and ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase)(EC 5.1.3.1) encoded by the RPE gene is a metalloprotein that catalyzes the interconversion between D-ribulose 5-phosphate and D-xylulose 5-phosphate.D-ribulose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-xylulose 5-phosphateThis reversible conversion is required for carbon fixation in plants – through the Calvin cycle – and for the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway.

Phospholipase A2 group IVD is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLA2G4D gene.

phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole succinocarboxamide synthetase

Phosphorus (1834 – after 1843) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In his British career he ran three times and won two races. His most significant win came when he overcame a leg injury to win the 1837 Epsom Derby. Phosphorus was later sold and exported to Brunswick, but was unable to reproduce his English form. He was unsuccessful as a stallion.

Phosphoramidate:D-hexose 1-phosphotransferase

phosphoramidates (sometimes also called amidophosphates) are a class of phosphorus compounds structurally related to phosphates (or organophosphates) via the substitution of an OR for a NR2. The structure of phosphoramidic acid (phosphoramidate), (HO)2PONH2, is present in PubChem.A phosphorodiamidate is a phosphate that has two of its OH groups substituted by NR2 groups to give a species with the general formula HOPO(NH)2.

Phospholipid bilayer

Phosphoryl bromide

Phosphor thermometry is an optical method for surface temperature measurement. The method exploits luminescence emitted by phosphor material. Phosphors are fine white or pastel-colored inorganic powders which may be stimulated by any of a variety of means to luminesce, i.e. emit light. Certain characteristics of the emitted light change with temperature, including brightness, color, and afterglow duration. The latter is most commonly used for temperature measurement.

Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLED) are a type of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) that use the principle of phosphorescence to obtain higher internal efficiencies than fluorescent OLEDs. This technology is currently under development by many industrial and academic research groups.

Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula PBr5, which has the structure PBr4+ Br− in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr3 and Br2. Rapid cooling of this phase to 15 K leads to formation of the ionic species phosphorus heptabromide ([PBr4]+[Br3]−).It can be used in organic chemistry to convert carboxylic acids to acyl bromides. It is highly corrosive. It decomposes above 100 °C to give phosphorus tribromide and bromine:PBr5 → PBr3 + Br2Reversing this equilibrium to generate PBr5 by addition of Br2 to PBr3 is difficult in practice because the product is susceptible to further addition to yield phosphorus heptabromide (PBr7).Phosphorus pentabromide is a hypervalent molecule with a 3-center 4-electron bond.

Phosphorosaurus

Phosphorus trichloride

Phosphorescent light

Phosphonoacetate phosphonohydrolase

Phosphoric acid trimethyl ester

Phosphonoformic acid

Phosphorosaurus ("Phosphate Lizard") is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. Phosphorosaurus is classified within the Halisaurinae subfamily alongside the genera Pluridens, Eonatator and Halisaurus.Stratigraphically, Phosphorosaurus only occurs in the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous. Although treated as synonymous with Halisaurus in the past, recent studies recognize it as valid. Two species are known, Phosphorosaurus ortliebi from Belgium, and P. ponpetelegans from Hokkaido in Japan. P. ponpetelegans is only known from the very earliest Maastrichtian, whilst P. ortliebi occurs throughout the Maastrichtian.

Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, o-ethyl

Phosphorescent Rat

In enzymology, a phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (EC 6.3.5.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + phosphate + 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamateThe 4 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide, L-glutamine, and H2O, whereas its 4 products are ADP, phosphate, 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine, and L-glutamate.This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds carbon-nitrogen ligases with glutamine as amido-N-donor.

Phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase

A phosphoramidite ligand is a chiral monodentate phosphine ligand, widely used for enantioselective synthesis. They were invented by Dutch chemist Ben Feringa. The introduction of phosphoramidite ligands challenged the notion that high flexibility in the metal–ligand complex is detrimental for high stereo control.

Phosphorus(III) fluoride

Phosphomycin

Phosphoproteomics

In enzymology, a phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (EC 3.11.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionphosphonoacetaldehyde + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } acetaldehyde + phosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are phosphonoacetaldehyde and H2O, whereas its two products are acetaldehyde and phosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carbon-phosphorus bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-oxoethylphosphonate phosphonohydrolase. Other names in common use include phosphonatase, and 2-phosphonoacetylaldehyde phosphonohydrolase. This enzyme participates in aminophosphonate metabolism.

Phosphoryl bromide, also known as phosphorus oxybromide, is an inorganic compound with the formula POBr3. It can be prepared via the slow addition of liquid bromine to phosphorus tribromide at 0 °C, followed by the slow addition of water and vacuum distillation of the resulting slurry.It is prepared according to the equation: 3 PBr5 + P2O5 → 5 POBr3

Phosphorous chloride

Phosphorus (disambiguation)

Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non-detrital sedimentary rock which contains high amounts of phosphate minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite (or grade of phosphate rock) varies greatly, from 4% to 20% phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5). Marketed phosphate rock is enriched ("beneficiated") to at least 28%, often more than 30% P2O5. This occurs through washing, screening, de-liming, magnetic separation or flotation.

Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycineamide (or FGAR) is a ribonucleotide derivative.

Phosphorus-43

Phosphor bands were introduced on British stamps from 1959 as a replacement for the previous graphite lined stamps as an aid in the mechanical sorting of mail.The phosphor is applied in vertical bands, or more recently, all over the stamp, and fluoresces under ultra-violet light. This enables the mail sorting machine to face the mail and sort it into types.Phosphor is now widely used on stamps around the world. It is necessary to use either a short- or long-wave ultraviolet lamp to view the phosphor, according to the type of phosphor used on the stamp.

Phosphorescent

Phospholipidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the excess accumulation of phospholipids in tissues. Many cationic amphiphilic drugs, including anti-depressants, antianginal, antimalarial, and cholesterol-lowering agents, are reported to cause drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL) in animals and humans. The mechanisms of DIPL involve trapping or selective uptake of DIPL drugs within the lysosomes and acidic vesicles of affected cells.

In enzymology, a phosphonoacetate hydrolase (EC 3.11.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionphosphonoacetate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } acetate + phosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are phosphonoacetate and H2O, whereas its two products are acetate and phosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carbon-phosphorus bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is phosphonoacetate phosphonohydrolase. This enzyme participates in aminophosphonate metabolism. It employs one cofactor, zinc.

Phosphor bronze is an alloy of copper with 0.5–11% of tin and 0.01–0.35% phosphorus. The tin increases the corrosion resistance and strength of the alloy. The phosphorus increases the wear resistance and stiffness of the alloy.These alloys are notable for their toughness, strength, low coefficient of friction, and fine grain. The phosphorus reduces the viscosity of the molten alloy, which makes it easier and cleaner to cast and reduces grain boundaries between crystallites.

Phosphoramide

Phosphorene is a two-dimensional material and allotrope of phosphorus. Phosphorene can be viewed as a single layer of black phosphorus, much in the same way that graphene is a single layer of graphite. Phosphorene is predicted to be a strong competitor to graphene because, in contrast to graphene, phosphorene has a band gap. Phosphorene was first isolated in 2014 by mechanical exfoliation.

phosphorus(V) bromide

Phosphorous (disambiguation)

Phosphorus oxychloride

Phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC) are a type of fuel cell that uses liquid phosphoric acid as an electrolyte. They were the first fuel cells to be commercialized. Developed in the mid-1960s and field-tested since the 1970s, they have improved significantly in stability, performance, and cost. Such characteristics have made the PAFC a good candidate for early stationary applications.

Phosphorus unicolor

The phosphonium (more obscurely: phosphinium) cation describes polyatomic cations with the chemical formula PR+4. A phosphonium salt is a salt containing either the phosphonium (PH4+) ion, such as phosphonium iodide (PH4+I−) or, more commonly, an organic derivative such as the quaternary phosphonium salts tetraphenylphosphonium chloride, (C6H5)4P+ Cl− and tetramethylphosphonium iodide, [P(CH3)4]+I−. Salts of the parent PH+4 are rarely encountered, but this ion is an intermediate in the preparation of the industrially useful tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride:PH3 + HCl + 4 CH2O → P(CH2OH)+4Cl−Organic phosphonium salts are common reagents in the laboratory. Those with a P–H bond are produced through protonation of phosphines:PR3 + H+ → HPR+3Many organic quaternary phosphonium cations (PR+4) are produced by alkylation of organophosphines. For example, the reaction of triphenylphosphine with methyl iodide gives methyltriphenylphosphonium iodide, the precursor to a Wittig reagent:PPh3 + CH3I → CH3PPh+3I−The cation tetraphenylphosphonium (PPh+4) is a useful precipitating agent, analogous to quaternary ammonium salts used in phase transfer catalysis.

In enzymology, a phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.36) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionN-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pantotheine 4'-phosphate + CO2Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, [[N-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine]], and two products, pantotheine 4'-phosphate and CO2.This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, to be specific the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.

diphosphorus pentasulfide

Phosphoric monoester hydrolases (or phosphomonoesterases) are enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of O-P bonds by nucleophilic attack of phosphorus by cysteine residues or coordinated metal ions.They are categorized with the EC number 3.1.3.Examples include:acid phosphatasealkaline phosphatasefructose-bisphosphataseglucose-6-phosphatasephosphofructokinase-2phosphoprotein phosphatasecalcineurin6-phytase

Phosphorus-32

Phosphopantetheinyl

Phosphorelation cascade

Phosphorus virescens is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Olivier in 1795, originally under the genus Cerambix. It has a wide distribution throughout Africa.

Phosphorus trichloride is a chemical compound of phosphorus and chlorine, having the chemical formula PCl3. It has a trigonal pyramidal shape. It is the most important of the three phosphorus chlorides. It is an important industrial chemical, being used for the manufacture of organophosphorus compounds for a wide variety of applications. It has a 31P NMR signal at around +220 ppm with reference to a phosphoric acid standard.

Phosphorus sesquisulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula P4S3. It was developed by Henri Sevene and Emile David Cahen in 1898 as part of their invention of friction matches that did not pose the health hazards of white phosphorus. This yellow solid is one of two commercially produced phosphorus sulfides. It is a component of "strike anywhere" matches.Depending on purity, samples can appear yellow-green to grey. The compound was discovered by G.

Phosphoryl group

In enzymology, a phosphopolyprenol glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.78) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionUDP-glucose + polyprenyl phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } UDP + polyprenylphosphate-glucoseThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and polyprenyl phosphate, whereas its two products are UDP and polyprenylphosphate-glucose.This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:phosphopolyprenol D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoglucose-polyprenol monophosphate, glucosyltransferase, and UDP-glucose:polyprenol monophosphate glucosyltransferase.

Phosphopentose isomerase

Phosphorus (beetle)

Phosphoric fluoride

Phosphoproteins

Phospholipase A can refer to:Phospholipase A1Phospholipase A2Outer membrane phospholipase A1An enzyme that displays both phospholipase A1 and phospholipase A2 activities is called a Phospholipase B (see main article on phospholipases).
Phospholipase A

Phosphonoformate

Phosphoric chloride difluoride

2-[(5-Amino-1-{3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(phosphonooxy)methyl]oxolan-2-yl}-1H-imidazol-4-yl)formamido]butanedioic acid

Phosphoinositol

Phosphorous pentoxide

Phosphoric-acid fuel cell

Phosphomevalonate kinase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.4.2) in the mevalonate pathway.

In enzymology, a phosphonoacetate hydrolase (EC 3.11.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionphosphonoacetate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } acetate + phosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are phosphonoacetate and H2O, whereas its two products are acetate and phosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carbon-phosphorus bonds.

Chlorodifluorophosphorus oxide, difluorophosphoryl chloride, phosphoryl chloride

Phosphoribosylamine-glycine ligase

Phosphonoacetate hydrolase

Phosphorus virescens var. nimbata

Phosphoria Formation

tetraphosphorus decasulfide

In enzymology, a phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (EC 6.3.5.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + phosphate + 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamateThe 4 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide, L-glutamine, and H2O, whereas its 4 products are ADP, phosphate, 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine, and L-glutamate.This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds carbon-nitrogen ligases with glutamine as amido-N-donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming). Other names in common use include phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthetase, formylglycinamide ribonucloetide amidotransferase, phosphoribosylformylglycineamidine synthetase, FGAM synthetase, FGAR amidotransferase, 5'-phosphoribosylformylglycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase, (ADP-forming), 2-N-formyl-1-N-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide:L-glutamine, and amido-ligase (ADP-forming). This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.

Phosphoria

Phosphoric(III) acid

Phosphorus fluoride may refer to any of the following:Phosphorus trifluoride, PF3Phosphorus pentafluoride, PF5Diphosphorus tetrafluoride, P2F4See phosphorus halides for a complete list of phosphorus halides.

Phospholipid transfer protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLTP gene.

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide

Phosphoribosylpyrophasphate

Phosphoric chloride

Phosphorus(V) chloride

Phospholipase

Phospholipase A2 group IVD

Phosphorothioic acid

Phosphorus-39

Phosphorus sesquisulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula P4S3. It was developed by Henri Sevene and Emile David Cahen in 1898 as part of their invention of friction matches that did not pose the health hazards of white phosphorus. This yellow solid is one of two commercially produced phosphorus sulfides. It is a component of "strike anywhere" matches.Depending on purity, samples can appear yellow-green to grey. The compound was discovered by G. Lemoine and first produced safely in commercial quantities in 1898 by Albright and Wilson. It dissolves in an equal weight of carbon disulfide (CS2). Unlike some other phosphorus sulfides, P4S3 is slow to hydrolyze and has a well-defined melting point.

Phosphorus virescens var. gabonator

Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

Phosphorus thiochloride

In enzymology, a phosphomannan mannosephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionGDP-mannose + (phosphomannan)n ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } GMP + (phosphomannan)n+1Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GDP-mannose and (phosphomannan)n, whereas its two products are GMP and (phosphomannan)n+1.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring non-standard substituted phosphate groups.

Phosphorites

Phosphorous trichloride

Phosphor banded stamp

Phosphorus pentasulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula P2S5 or dimer P4S10. This yellow solid is the one of two phosphorus sulfides of commercial value. Samples often appear greenish-gray due to impurities. It is soluble in carbon disulfide but reacts with many other solvents such as alcohols, DMSO, and DMF.

A phosphoramidite (RO)2PNR2 is a monoamide of a phosphite diester. The key feature of phosphoramidites is their markedly high reactivity towards nucleophiles catalyzed by weak acids e.c., triethylammonium chloride or 1H-tetrazole. In these reactions, the incoming nucleophile replaces the NR2 moiety.

Phosphorus acid

The Phosphoria Formation of the western United States is a geological formation of Early Permian age. It represents some 15 million years of sedimentation, reaches a thickness of 420 metres (1,380 ft) and covers an area of 350,000 square kilometres (140,000 sq mi).The Phosphoria includes phosphorite beds that are an important source of phosphorus. Many of its shales are rich in organic matter and are petroleum source rocks, and some of its dolostones include petroleum reservoirs.

Phosphorus tribromide

Phosphorus chloride (disambiguation)

Phosphorescent paint

Phosphonate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

This page provides supplementary chemical data on phosphorus trifluoride.

Phosphomevalonic acid

Phosphorus trichloride (data page)

A phospholipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances.

Phosphors

Phosphorus sulfides comprise a family of inorganic compounds containing hydrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. These compounds have the formula P4Sx with x ≤ 10. Two are of commercial significance, phosphorus pentasulfide (P4S10), which is made on a kiloton scale for the production of other organosulfur compounds, and phosphorus sesquisulfide (P4S3), used in the production of "strike anywhere matches".There are several other phosphorus sulfides in addition to P4S3 and P4S10. Six of these phosphorus sulfides exist as isomers: P4S4, P4S5, P4S6, P4S7, P4S8, and P4S9. These isomers are distinguished by Greek letter prefixes. The prefix is based on the order of the discovery of the isomers, not their structure. All known molecular phosphorus sulfides contain a tetrahedral array of four phosphorus atoms. P4S2 is also known but is unstable above −30 °C.

Phosphor burn

Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.2, 2-amino-N-ribosylacetamide 5'-phosphate transformylase, GAR formyltransferase, GAR transformylase, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase, GAR TFase, 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate:2-amino-N-ribosylacetamide ribonucleotide transformylase) is an enzyme with systematic name 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide N-formyltransferase.

In enzymology, a phosphoribokinase (EC 2.7.1.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + D-ribose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and D-ribose 5-phosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with an alcohol group as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:D-ribose-5-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase. This enzyme is also called phosphoribokinase (phosphorylating).

Phosphorothioate

Phosphoribosylamine (5PRA) is an intermediate in purine metabolism. It is a precursor to IMP. It is generated from Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP).

Phosphomonoesterase (disambiguation)

Phosphoric triamide

Phosphorus(III) chloride

In enzymology, a phosphoribokinase (EC 2.7.1.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + D-ribose 5-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and D-ribose 5-phosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with an alcohol group as acceptor.

Phosphorus(III) bromide

Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus. The nucleus of phosphorus-32 contains 15 protons and 17 neutrons, one more neutron than the most common isotope of phosphorus, phosphorus-31.

Phosphorus(III) oxide

Phosphoramidite Ligands

Phosphorus-38

In enzymology, a phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.31) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-ATP + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP + diphosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-ATP and H2O, whereas its two products are 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP and diphosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides.

Phosphorus(V) fluoride

The phosphonium (more obscurely: phosphinium) cation describes polyatomic cations with the chemical formula PR+4. A phosphonium salt is a salt containing either the phosphonium (PH4+) ion, such as phosphonium iodide (PH4+I−) or, more commonly, an organic derivative such as the quaternary phosphonium salts tetraphenylphosphonium chloride, (C6H5)4P+ Cl− and tetramethylphosphonium iodide, [P(CH3)4]+I−.

phosphorus trisulfide, phosphorus sesquisulfide, phosphorus sulfide

Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.2, 2-amino-N-ribosylacetamide 5'-phosphate transformylase, GAR formyltransferase, GAR transformylase, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase, GAR TFase, 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate:2-amino-N-ribosylacetamide ribonucleotide transformylase) is an enzyme with systematic name 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide N-formyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction10-formyltetrahydrofolate + N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } tetrahydrofolate + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideThis THF dependent enzyme catalyzes a nucleophilic acyl substitution of the formyl group from 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (fTHF) to N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (GAR) to form N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide (fGAR) as shown above. This reaction plays an important role in the formation of purine through the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway. This pathway creates inosine monophosphate (IMP), a precursor to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP). AMP is a building block for important energy carriers such as ATP, NAD+ and FAD, and signaling molecules such as cAMP. GARTfase's role in de novo purine biosynthesis makes it a target for anti-cancer drugs and its overexpression during postnatal development has been connected to Down syndrome. There are two known types of genes encoding GAR transformylase in E.coli: purN and purT, while only purN is found in humans. Many residues in the active site are conserved across bacterial, yeast, avian and human enzymes.

Phosphopyruvate carboxylase

In enzymology, a phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase (EC 2.7.4.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl diphosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl phosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl diphosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, to be specific, those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with a phosphate group as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-phosphate phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include hydroxymethylpyrimidine phosphokinase, and ATP:4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine phosphotransferase. This enzyme participates in thiamine metabolism.

Phosphorothioc trifluoride

Phosphorus unicolor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1913.

Phosphorus oxides

Phosphopantetheinylation

Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase

Phosphoric

In enzymology, a phosphopentomutase (EC 5.4.2.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionalpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-ribose 5-phosphateHence, this enzyme has one substrate, alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate, and one product, D-ribose 5-phosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically the phosphotransferases (phosphomutases), which transfer phosphate groups within a molecule. The systematic name of this enzyme class is alpha-D-ribose 1,5-phosphomutase. Other names in common use include phosphodeoxyribomutase, deoxyribose phosphomutase, deoxyribomutase, phosphoribomutase, alpha-D-glucose-1,6-bisphosphate:deoxy-D-ribose-1-phosphate, phosphotransferase, and D-ribose 1,5-phosphomutase. This enzyme participates in pentose phosphate pathway and purine metabolism. It has 3 cofactors: D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate, alpha-D-Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate, and 2-Deoxy-D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate.

Phosphorosaurus ("Phosphate Lizard") is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. Phosphorosaurus is classified within the Halisaurinae subfamily alongside the genera Pluridens, Eonatator and Halisaurus.Stratigraphically, Phosphorosaurus only occurs in the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous. Although treated as synonymous with Halisaurus in the past, recent studies recognize it as valid. Two species are known, Phosphorosaurus ortliebi from Belgium, and P.

Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase

In enzymology, a phosphopentomutase (EC 5.4.2.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionalpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-ribose 5-phosphateHence, this enzyme has one substrate, alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate, and one product, D-ribose 5-phosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically the phosphotransferases (phosphomutases), which transfer phosphate groups within a molecule.

Phosphorus decaoxide

Phosphorilation

Phosphorus oxide can refer to:Phosphorus pentoxide (phosphorus(V) oxide, phosphoric anhydride), P2O5Phosphorus trioxide (phosphorus(III) oxide, phosphorous anhydride), P2O3Several other, less common, oxides of phosphorus, including P4O7, P4O8, P4O9, PO and P2O6Phosphorus monoxideDiphosphorus tetroxide

Phosphorus Acid

Phosphorous Acid

Phosphorus-31

P4S3

Phosphorescence

Phosphoribosyltransferase

Phosphorus-29

Phosphoramide is a chemical compound with the molecular formula P(=O)(NH2)3. It is a derivative of phosphoric acid in which each of the hydroxyl groups have been replaced with an amino group.The term phosphoramide can also refer to the class of compounds in which one or more of the amino groups is substituted, such as in hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) which is used as a solvent.

Phosphorus trifluoride (data page)

phospholipase D2

Phosphorus decasulfide

In enzymology, a phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.82) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction3-phosphonopyruvate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2-phosphonoacetaldehyde + CO2Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 3-phosphonopyruvate, and two products, 2-phosphonoacetaldehyde and CO2.This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-phosphonopyruvate carboxy-lyase (2-phosphonoacetaldehyde-forming). This enzyme is also called 3-phosphonopyruvate carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in aminophosphonate metabolism.

* Tragocephala virescens (Olivier, 1795)

Phosphonium

Phosphorus-46

tribromophosphine

Phosphorus trisulfide may refer to:Phosphorus sesquisulfideDiphosphorus trisulfide

Phosphorous(V) oxide

Phosphopyruvate carboxykinase (adenosine triphosphate)

phosphorous bromide,

Phosphoric acid, dimethyl 4-(methylthio)phenyl ester

Phosphorus tribromide chemdata supplement

Phosphorus oxide (disambiguation)

Phosphorus robustus

This page provides supplementary chemical data on phosphorus trichloride.

Phosphorus is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae, containing the following species:Phosphorus virescens (Olivier, 1795)Phosphorus unicolor Aurivillius, 1913

A phosphoryl group is the chemical entity PO32−. It may exist in different protonation states. The term is usually used to refer to compounds in which the phosphoryl group is attached to other atoms, e.g. phosphoryl chloride, or in the description of catalytic mechanisms. In biochemical reactions involving phosphates (e.g. Adenosine triphosphate), a phosphoryl group is usually transferred between the substrates (phosphoryl transfer reactions). A phosphoryl group should not be confused with a phosphate group.

phosphorus persulfide

Phosphopyruvate carboxykinase

Phospholipase D

In enzymology, a phosphopolyprenol glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.78) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionUDP-glucose + polyprenyl phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } UDP + polyprenylphosphate-glucoseThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and polyprenyl phosphate, whereas its two products are UDP and polyprenylphosphate-glucose.This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.

Phosphoric monoester hydrolases

Phosphorus virescens var. jansoni

phosphorus(III) bromide,

Phosphomonoesters (or phosphoric esters) are chemical compounds containing one ester bond and a phosphate group.In biology, phosphomonesters are needed as the building blocks for the synthesis of Phospholipid cellular membranes, especially those found on neurons. Enzymes which cleave these bonds are known as phosphomonoesterases, or phosphatases.

Phosphorescent Harvest is the third studio album by the Chris Robinson Brotherhood. It was released in the US on April 29 2014.

Phosphorus pollution

Phosphomannomutase Deficiency

Phospholipase C (PLC) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure). It is most commonly taken to be synonymous with the human forms of this enzyme, which play an important role in eukaryotic cell physiology, in particular signal transduction pathways. There are thirteen kinds of mammalian phospholipase C that are classified into six isotypes (β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η) according to structure.

Phosphor band

Phosphorus oxybromide

Phosphor thermometry

Phospholipase D1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLD1 gene.

Phosphorus tetroxide

Phosphorus weapon

Phosphoproteomics is a branch of proteomics that identifies, catalogs, and characterizes proteins containing a phosphate group as a post-translational modification. Phosphorylation is a key reversible modification that regulates protein function, subcellular localization, complex formation, degradation of proteins and therefore cell signalling networks. With all of these modification results, it is estimated that between 30% - 65% of all proteins may be phosphorylated, some multiple times. Based on statistical estimates from many datasets, 230,000 156,000 and 40,000 phosphorylation sites should exist in human, mouse, and yeast, respectively.Compared to expression analysis, phosphoproteomics provides two additional layers of information. First, it provides clues on what protein or pathway might be activated because a change in phosphorylation status almost always reflects a change in protein activity. Second, it indicates what proteins might be potential drug targets as exemplified by the kinase inhibitor Gleevec. While phosphoproteomics will greatly expand knowledge about the numbers and types of phosphoproteins, its greatest promise is the rapid analysis of entire phosphorylation based signalling networks.

In enzymology, a phosphomannan mannosephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionGDP-mannose + (phosphomannan)n ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } GMP + (phosphomannan)n+1Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GDP-mannose and (phosphomannan)n, whereas its two products are GMP and (phosphomannan)n+1.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring non-standard substituted phosphate groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-mannose:phosphomannan mannose phosphotransferase.

Phosphomonoesters

FGAR

Phosphoric(V) acid

sulfur phosphide

Phosphorodithioate

Phospholipase a2 group ivd

Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, lipophosphodiesterase II, lecithinase D, choline phosphatase) (PLD) is an enzyme of the phospholipase superfamily. Phospholipases occur widely, and can be found in a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, yeast, plants, animals, and viruses. Phospholipase D’s principal substrate is phosphatidylcholine, which it hydrolyzes to produce the signal molecule phosphatidic acid (PA), and soluble choline. Plants contain numerous genes that encode various PLD isoenzymes, with molecular weights ranging from 90-125 kDa. Mammalian cells encode two isoforms of phospholipase D: PLD1 and PLD2. Phospholipase D is an important player in many physiological processes, including membrane trafficking, cytoskeletal reorganization, receptor-mediated endocytosis, exocytosis, and cell migration. Through these processes, it has been further implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases: in particular the progression of Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, as well as various cancers.

Phosphopyruvate carboxylase (pyrophosphate)

Phospholipase D family, member 3

Phospholipase a2

Phosphonothioic acid, O,O-dimethyl-S-(2-methylthio) ethyl ester

Phosphoprotein phosphatase

Phosphorus in biological systems

Phosphoramidate

Phosphorus oxytrichloride

Phosphoryl chloride difluoride

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase

Phosphonium ylid

Phosphorus-41

Phosphoric acid fuel cell

Phosphorus virescens

Phosphoric diester hydrolases

Phosphoribokinase

Phosphorus-36

Phosphorus Trihydride

Phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase

Phosphonium halide

Phosphor bands (philately)

Phospholipase C (PLC) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure). It is most commonly taken to be synonymous with the human forms of this enzyme, which play an important role in eukaryotic cell physiology, in particular signal transduction pathways. There are thirteen kinds of mammalian phospholipase C that are classified into six isotypes (β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η) according to structure. Each PLC has unique and overlapping controls over expression and subcellular distribution. Activators of each PLC vary, but typically include heterotrimeric G protein subunits, protein tyrosine kinases, small G proteins, Ca2+, and phospholipids.

Phosphorus

Phosphorus acids

Phosphoramides

Phosphorothioic trifluoride

Phosphorus necrosis

Phosphopyruvate hydratase

Phosphorus (chemical element)

Phosphorus sesquioxide

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase

Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase

Phosphorite

Phosphorus selenide

Phosphorus and non-atherosclerotic heart disease

Phosphorus virescens var. grisescens

Phosphorus halides

Phosphorodiamidate

Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase

Phosphopyruvate carboxylase (ATP)

Phosphorus(V) oxide

Phosphorus pentasulfide

Phosphonate dehydrogenase

Phosphorane

Phosphoryl nitride

* Phosphorus robustus (Aurivillius, 1914)

Phospholipid Bilayer

Phosphor storage screen

Phospholipidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the excess accumulation of phospholipids in tissues. Many cationic amphiphilic drugs, including anti-depressants, antianginal, antimalarial, and cholesterol-lowering agents, are reported to cause drug-induced phospholipidosis (DIPL) in animals and humans. The mechanisms of DIPL involve trapping or selective uptake of DIPL drugs within the lysosomes and acidic vesicles of affected cells. Drug trapping is followed by a gradual accumulation of drug-phospholipid complexes within the internal lysosomal membranes. The increase in undigested materials results in the abnormal accumulation of multi-lammellar bodies (myeloid bodies) in tissues.It is not possible to predict which tissues will be affected by DIPL in animals and humans. The use of specific in-vitro cell lines is not recommended as a means of gate-keeping for DIPL screening, only as part of an iterative process. An in-vivo screening platform, such as biomarker, is required for preclinical and clinical DIPL assessment.The traditional method to evaluate DIPL is visual confirmation of myeloid bodies in tissues by electron microscopy. Electron microscopy has limited utility to monitor DIPL in humans because of the invasive nature of acquiring patient tissue biopsy samples. A qualified biomarker of DIPL in the blood or urine is needed to provide a more routine, non-invasive, and cost effective means to monitor DIPL in the clinic.

Phosphorus-42

Phosphoric acid monoesters

Phosphorus-35

Phosphomannose isomerase

Phosphorene

Phosphoprotein phosphohydrolase

Phosphorus-accumulating organisms

Phosphorus-26

Phosphoprotein p53

Phospholipid-derived fatty acids

Phosphoric-acid fuel cells

Phospholine Iodide

Phospholipid bilayers

or 3,5,7-trithia-1,2,4,6-tetraphosphatricyclo[2.2.1.02,6]heptane

Phosphonic acid

Phosphorous cycle

In enzymology, a phosphonate dehydrogenase (EC 1.20.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionphosphonate + NAD+ + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } phosphate + NADH + H+The 3 substrates of this enzyme are phosphonate, NAD+, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are phosphate, NADH, and H+.This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.

Phospholipid flip-flop

Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase

Phosphorolysis is the cleavage of a compound in which inorganic phosphate is the attacking group. It is analogous to hydrolysis.An example of this is glycogen breakdown by glycogen phosphorylase, which catalyzes attack by inorganic phosphate on the terminal glycosyl residue at the nonreducing end of a glycogen molecule. If the glycogen chain has n glucose units, the products of a single phosphorolytic event are one molecule of glucose 1-phosphate and a glycogen chain of n-1 remaining glucose units.In addition, sometimes phosphorolysis is preferable to hydrolysis (like in the breakdown of glycogen or starch, as in the example above) because glucose 1-phosphate yields more ATP than does free glucose when subsequently catabolized to pyruvate.Another example of phosphorolysis is seen in the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate in glycolysis. The mechanism involves phosphorolysis.

Phosphonothioate

Phosphorus fluoride

Phosphorus bromide (disambiguation)

Phosphorescent Harvest

Phosphorus virescens var. albidipennis

Phosphonates

Phosphoric ether

phospholipase D1, phosphatidylcholine-specific

* Phosphorus virescens var. unicolor (Aurivillius, 1913)

Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, s-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)O-ethyl ester

Phosphor (Unheilig)

Phosphoresce

In enzymology, a phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.82) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction3-phosphonopyruvate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2-phosphonoacetaldehyde + CO2Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 3-phosphonopyruvate, and two products, 2-phosphonoacetaldehyde and CO2.This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds.

Phosphorous tribromide

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase

(2S)-2-(2S)-2-[[hydroxy-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyphosphoryl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid

Phosphopolyprenol glucosyltransferase

Phosphorus Sesquisulfide

Phosphoribosylamine

Phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase

Phosphoric chloride difluoride POF2Cl is a colourless gas. At one atmosphere pressure the gas condenses to a liquid at 3.1°C and freezes at −96.4. Alternate names are difluorophosphoryl chloride or phosphoryl chloride difluoride.

In molecular biology, the protein domain SAICAR synthase is an enzyme which catalyses a reaction to create SAICAR. In enzymology, this enzyme is also known as phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase (EC 6.3.2.6).

Phosphorus-28

Phosphorescing

Phosphorimager

Phosphorus-44

3-hydroxy-3-methyl- 5-phosphonooxy-pentanoic acid

Phosphorus chloride

The Phosphorite War (Estonian: Fosforiidisõda) is the name given to a late-1980s environmental campaign in the then-Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, against the opening of large phosphorite mines in the Virumaa region. The movement, peaking in 1987, was successful in achieving its immediate goals, but also in encouraging and strengthening the nationalist movement which led to the restoration of Estonian independence in 1991.

Phosphorus chlorides

Phosphopantothenate-cysteine ligase

Phosphorus sulfides comprise a family of inorganic compounds containing hydrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. These compounds have the formula P4Sx with x ≤ 10. Two are of commercial significance, phosphorus pentasulfide (P4S10), which is made on a kiloton scale for the production of other organosulfur compounds, and phosphorus sesquisulfide (P4S3), used in the production of "strike anywhere matches".There are several other phosphorus sulfides in addition to P4S3 and P4S10.

In enzymology, a phosphonate dehydrogenase (EC 1.20.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionphosphonate + NAD+ + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } phosphate + NADH + H+The 3 substrates of this enzyme are phosphonate, NAD+, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are phosphate, NADH, and H+.This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is phosphonate:NAD+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include NAD:phosphite oxidoreductase, and phosphite dehydrogenase.

Phosphorus virescens var. unicolor

Phosphorus compounds

Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide

Phosphoros

A phospholipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. There are four major classes, termed A, B, C and D, which are distinguished by the type of reaction which they catalyze:Phospholipase APhospholipase A1 – cleaves the SN-1 acyl chain (where SN refers to stereospecific numbering).Phospholipase A2 – cleaves the SN-2 acyl chain, releasing arachidonic acid.Phospholipase B – cleaves both SN-1 and SN-2 acyl chains; this enzyme is also known as a lysophospholipase.Phospholipase C – cleaves before the phosphate, releasing diacylglycerol and a phosphate-containing head group. Phospholipase Cs play a central role in signal transduction, releasing the second messenger inositol triphosphate.Phospholipase D – cleaves after the phosphate, releasing phosphatidic acid and an alcohol.Types C and D are considered phosphodiesterases.Endothelial lipase is primarily a phospholipase.Phospholipase A2 acts on the intact lecithin molecule and hydrolyses the fatty acid esterified to the second carbon atom. The resulting products are lysolecithin and a fatty acid. Phospholipase A2 is an enzyme present in the venom of bees and viper snakes.

Phospholipase c

Phospholipase C, delta 4

Formylglycinamide ribotide,

Phosphoproteomics is a branch of proteomics that identifies, catalogs, and characterizes proteins containing a phosphate group as a post-translational modification. Phosphorylation is a key reversible modification that regulates protein function, subcellular localization, complex formation, degradation of proteins and therefore cell signalling networks. With all of these modification results, it is estimated that between 30% - 65% of all proteins may be phosphorylated, some multiple times.

Phosphoramidon

Phosphoramidite

Phosphorus virescens var. angolator

Phosphomevalonic acid is an intermediate in the Mevalonate pathway.

Phosphoryl

Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-, S-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester

Phosphorus-tipped bullets

Phospholipases

Phosphoric acid, dimethyl 4-(methylthio)

Phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase

This family contains acyltransferases involved in phospholipid biosynthesis and proteins of unknown function. This family also includes tafazzin, the Barth syndrome gene.

N-[N-[[(6-deoxy-α-(L)-mannoopyranosyl)oxy]hydroxyphosphinyl]-(L)-leucyl]-(L)-tryptophan

Phosphorus pentaiodide is an inorganic compound with formula PI5. The existence of this compound has been claimed intermittently since the early 1900s. The claim is disputed: "The pentaiodide does not exist (except perhaps as PI3.I2, but certainly not as PI4+I− ...)".

Phosphorus NMR

phosphorus sulfide

Phosphorescence is a type of photoluminescence related to fluorescence. Unlike fluorescence, a phosphorescent material does not immediately re-emit the radiation it absorbs. The slower time scales of the re-emission are associated with "forbidden" energy state transitions in quantum mechanics.

Phospholipid:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase

Phosphonitrilic chloride

Phosphorus (horse)

Phosphonomycin

Phosphorus triiodide (data page)

Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycineamide

Phosphorus halide

Phosphorolysis is the cleavage of a compound in which inorganic phosphate is the attacking group. It is analogous to hydrolysis.An example of this is glycogen breakdown by glycogen phosphorylase, which catalyzes attack by inorganic phosphate on the terminal glycosyl residue at the nonreducing end of a glycogen molecule.

Phospholipase D1

Phosphorus-30

In enzymology, a phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (EC 3.11.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionphosphonoacetaldehyde + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } acetaldehyde + phosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are phosphonoacetaldehyde and H2O, whereas its two products are acetaldehyde and phosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carbon-phosphorus bonds.

Phosphoroethanolamine

Phosphor bands

Phosphoric trichloride

Phosphoryl chloride chemdata supplement

Phosphoramidite ligand

In enzymology, a phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase (EC 2.7.4.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl diphosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl phosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl diphosphate.This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, to be specific, those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with a phosphate group as acceptor.

Phospholipid transfer proteins

A phosphorane (IUPAC name: λ5-phosphane) is a functional group in organophosphorus chemistry with pentavalent phosphorus. It has the general formula PR5. The parent hydride compound is the hypothetical molecule PH5. The derivative pentaphenylphosphorane (Ph5P) is stable.Phosphoranes adopt a trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry with the two apical bonds longer than the three equatorial bonds. Hypervalent bonding is described by inclusion of non-bonding MOs, as also invoked for the closely related molecule phosphorus pentafluoride.Phosphoranes of the type R3P=CR2 are more common and more important. Phosphoranes are also considered to be one of the resonance structures of ylides, these compounds feature a tetrahedral phosphorus center including a phosphorus–carbon double bond. These compounds are used as reagents in the Wittig reaction, for instance methylenetriphenylphosphorane or Ph3P=CH2.

Phosphor bands were introduced on British stamps from 1959 as a replacement for the previous graphite lined stamps as an aid in the mechanical sorting of mail.The phosphor is applied in vertical bands, or more recently, all over the stamp, and fluoresces under ultra-violet light. This enables the mail sorting machine to face the mail and sort it into types.Phosphor is now widely used on stamps around the world.

Phosphonic acids

Phosphonofluoridic acid

Phospholipase c pathway

Phosphorus-based life

Phosphoric anhydride

Phosphorus iodide

Phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA) are widely used in microbial ecology as chemotaxonomic markers of bacteria and other organisms. Phospholipids are the primary lipids composing cellular membranes. Phospholipids can be saponified, which releases the fatty acids contained in their diglyceride tail. Once the phospholipids of an unknown sample are saponified, the composition of the resulting PLFA can be compared to the PLFA of known organisms to determine the identity of the sample organism. PLFA analysis may be combined with other techniques, such as stable isotope probing to determine which microbes are metabolically active in a sample. PLFA analysis was pioneered by D.C. White, MD, PhD, at the University of Tennessee, in the early to mid 1980s.

Phosphorus (genus)

A phosphoribosyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme.Types include:Adenine phosphoribosyltransferaseHypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferaseOrotate phosphoribosyltransferaseUracil phosphoribosyltransferaseQuinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase

Phosphopantothenate synthetase

Phospholipase C

Phosphorus sulfide

Phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA) are widely used in microbial ecology as chemotaxonomic markers of bacteria and other organisms. Phospholipids are the primary lipids composing cellular membranes. Phospholipids can be saponified, which releases the fatty acids contained in their diglyceride tail. Once the phospholipids of an unknown sample are saponified, the composition of the resulting PLFA can be compared to the PLFA of known organisms to determine the identity of the sample organism.

Phosphorus persulfide

Phospholipase d

Phosphorus virescens var. bibudiensis

Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus. The nucleus of phosphorus-32 contains 15 protons and 17 neutrons, one more neutron than the most common isotope of phosphorus, phosphorus-31. Phosphorus-32 only exists in small quantities on Earth as it has a short half-life of 14.29 days and so decays rapidly.Phosphorus is found in many organic molecules and so phosphorus-32 has many applications in medicine, biochemistry and molecular biology where it can be used to trace phosphorylated molecules, e.g. in elucidating metabolic pathways, and radioactively label DNA.

Phosphoramidate-hexose phosphotransferase

Phosphorus nitride

Phosphoryl nitride in chemistry is a reactive intermediate with the structure OPN. It is a linear oxygen phosphorus nitrogen molecule with a formal double bond between P and O (phosphoryl) and a triple bond (nitride) between P and N. It can be obtained in argon matrix isolation at 16 K by laser photolysis of phosphoryl triazide, OP(N3)3. OPN and its isomer ONP can interconvert by photoisomerization.

tetraphosphorus trisulfide

Phosphorus(II) iodide

Phosphorus weapons

In molecular biology, the protein domain SAICAR synthase is an enzyme which catalyses a reaction to create SAICAR. In enzymology, this enzyme is also known as phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase (EC 6.3.2.6). It is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionATP + 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + phosphate + (S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinateThe 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate, and L-aspartate, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and (S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinate.This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, to be specific those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming). This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.This particular protein family is of huge importance as it is found in all three domains of life. It is the seventh step in the pathway of purine biosynthesis. Purines are vital to all cells as they are involved in energy metabolism and DNA synthesis. Furthermore, they are of specific interest to scientific researchers as the study of the purine biosynthesis pathway could lead to the development of chemotherapeutic drugs. This is because most cancers lack a salvage pathway for adenine nucleotides and rely entirely on the SAICAR pathway.

Phosphomonoesterase

Phosphorolysis

Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula PBr5, which has the structure PBr4+ Br− in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr3 and Br2. Rapid cooling of this phase to 15 K leads to formation of the ionic species phosphorus heptabromide ([PBr4]+[Br3]−).It can be used in organic chemistry to convert carboxylic acids to acyl bromides. It is highly corrosive.

Phosphorus Cycle

Phosphorus(III) iodide

Phosphoramidon is a chemical compound derived from cultures of Streptomyces tanashiensis. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme thermolysin, a membrane metallo-endopeptidase inhibitor, and an endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor. Chemically, phosphoramidon differs from its closely related peptidase inhibitor talopeptin by a single stereocenter.Because of its enzyme inhibitory properties, phosphoramidon is widely used as a biochemical tool.

Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode

Phospholipoidosis

There are three series of binary phosphorus halides, containing phosphorus in the oxidation states +5, +3 and +2. All compounds have been described, in varying degrees of detail, although serious doubts have been cast on the existence of PI5. Mixed chalcogen halides also exist.

Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non-detrital sedimentary rock which contains high amounts of phosphate minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite (or grade of phosphate rock) varies greatly, from 4% to 20% phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5). Marketed phosphate rock is enriched ("beneficiated") to at least 28%, often more than 30% P2O5. This occurs through washing, screening, de-liming, magnetic separation or flotation. By comparison, the average phosphorus content of sedimentary rocks is less than 0.2%. The phosphate is present as fluorapatite Ca5(PO4)3F typically in cryptocrystalline masses (grain sizes < 1 μm) referred to as collophane-sedimentary apatite deposits of uncertain origin. It is also present as hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH or Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, which is often dissolved from vertebrate bones and teeth, whereas fluorapatite can originate from hydrothermal veins. Other sources also include chemically dissolved phosphate minerals from igneous and metamorphic rocks. Phosphorite deposits often occur in extensive layers, which cumulatively cover tens of thousands of square kilometres of the Earth's crust.Limestones and mudstones are common phosphate-bearing rocks. Phosphate rich sedimentary rocks can occur in dark brown to black beds, ranging from centimeter-sized laminae to beds that are several meters thick. Although these thick beds can exist, they are rarely only composed of phosphatic sedimentary rocks. Phosphatic sedimentary rocks are commonly accompanied by or interbedded with shales, cherts, limestone, dolomites and sometimes sandstone. These layers contain the same textures and structures as fine-grained limestones and may represent diagenetic replacements of carbonate minerals by phosphates. They also can be composed of peloids, ooids, fossils, and clasts that are made up of apatite. There are some phosphorites that are very small and have no distinctive granular textures. This means that their textures are similar to that of collophane, or fine micrite-like texture. Phosphatic grains may be accompanied by organic matter, clay minerals, silt sized detrital grains, and pyrite. Peloidal or pelletal phosphorites occur normally; whereas oolitic phosphorites are not common.Phosphorites are known from Proterozoic banded iron formations in Australia, but are more common from Paleozoic and Cenozoic sediments. The Permian Phosphoria Formation of the western United States represents some 15 million years of sedimentation. It reaches a thickness of 420 metres and covers an area of 350,000 km2. Commercially mined phosphorites occur in France, Belgium, Spain, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria. In the United States phosphorites have been mined in Florida, Tennessee, Wyoming, Utah, Idaho and Kansas.

Phosphorus trisulfide

Phospholipid transfer protein

Phosphorus-25

Phosphorofluoridate

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide (SAICAR) is an intermediate in the formation of purines. The conversion of ATP, L-aspartate, and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxyribonucleotide (CAIR) to 5-aminoimidazole-4-(N-succinylcarboxamide) ribonucleotide, ADP, and phosphate by phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthetase (SAICAR synthetase) represents the eighth step of de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis.

Phosphomevalonate kinase

Phosphorus bomb

Phosphopantetheine, also known as 4'-Phosphopantetheine, is an essential prosthetic group of acyl carrier protein (ACP) and peptidyl carrier proteins (PCP) and aryl carrier proteins (ArCP) derived from Coenzyme A. It is also present in formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase.

Phosphoric amide; Diaminophosphorylamine

Phospholipid ethers

Phosphoric acids and Phosphates

Phosphorus-40

Phosphopantetheine

Phosphorus tribromide is a colourless liquid with the formula PBr3. It is a colourless liquid that fumes in moist air due to hydrolysis and has a penetrating odour. It is used in the laboratory for the conversion of alcohols to alkyl bromides.

Phosphorus hydride

Phosphor bronze

Phospholipidosis

Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligo

Phosphorus pentabromide

Phosphorus pentaiodide

Phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase

Phosphonite

Phospholipase D (EC 3.1.4.4, lipophosphodiesterase II, lecithinase D, choline phosphatase) (PLD) is an enzyme of the phospholipase superfamily. Phospholipases occur widely, and can be found in a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, yeast, plants, animals, and viruses. Phospholipase D’s principal substrate is phosphatidylcholine, which it hydrolyzes to produce the signal molecule phosphatidic acid (PA), and soluble choline.

A phosphorane (IUPAC name: λ5-phosphane) is a functional group in organophosphorus chemistry with pentavalent phosphorus. It has the general formula PR5. The parent hydride compound is the hypothetical molecule PH5. The derivative pentaphenylphosphorane (Ph5P) is stable.Phosphoranes adopt a trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry with the two apical bonds longer than the three equatorial bonds.

Phosphorus selenides are a relatively obscure group of compounds. There have been some studies of the phosphorus - selenium phase diagram and the glassy amorphous phases are reported. The compounds that have been reported are shown below. While some are similar to their phosphorus analogues, the phosphorus sulfides, there are some new forms, molecular P2Se5 and the polymeric catena-[P4Se4]x. There is also some doubt about the existence of molecular P4Se10.

Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer

Phosphor plate radiography

Phosphopentose epimerase

The Phosphorite War (Estonian: Fosforiidisõda) is the name given to a late-1980s environmental campaign in the then-Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, against the opening of large phosphorite mines in the Virumaa region. The movement, peaking in 1987, was successful in achieving its immediate goals, but also in encouraging and strengthening the nationalist movement which led to the restoration of Estonian independence in 1991. In Estonia it is regarded as a catalyst that led to the destabilization and dissolution of the Soviet regime.The campaign focused on two major issues. The large-scale environmental degradation that the new mines would cause was the most common subject in the public discussion. The other, more covert issue was the fear that the new mines' need for a workforce would start a wave of migration, bringing tens of thousands of workers from other parts of the Soviet Union to Estonia. In the view of Estonians this would have greatly worsened the already fragile demographic balance (the share of Estonians in Estonia dropped from about 97% immediately after World War II to 61.5% in 1989).

phosphorus decasulfide

Phospholipase A (disambiguation)

Phosphorodithioic acid

phosphorus pentabromide

SAICAR; 2-[(5-Amino-1-{3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(phosphonooxy)methyl]oxolan-2-yl}imidazol-4-yl)formamido]butanedioic acid; N-{[5-Amino-1-(5-O-phosphono-β-(D)-ribofuranosyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]carbonyl}-(L)-aspartic acid

In enzymology, a phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.36) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionN-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pantotheine 4'-phosphate + CO2Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, [[N-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine]], and two products, pantotheine 4'-phosphate and CO2.This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, to be specific the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine carboxy-lyase (pantotheine-4'-phosphate-forming). Other names in common use include 4-phosphopantotheoylcysteine decarboxylase, 4-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine decarboxylase, PPC-decarboxylase, and N-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis from pantothenic acid.

Phosphoric diester hydrolase

Phosphomannoisomerase deficiency

Phospholipid membrane

Phosphorous bromide

Phosphorescents

Phospholipid acyltransferase

Formylglycinamide ribonucleotide,

Phosphorus sesquisulfide

A phosphoryl group is the chemical entity PO32−. It may exist in different protonation states. The term is usually used to refer to compounds in which the phosphoryl group is attached to other atoms, e.g. phosphoryl chloride, or in the description of catalytic mechanisms. In biochemical reactions involving phosphates (e.g. Adenosine triphosphate), a phosphoryl group is usually transferred between the substrates (phosphoryl transfer reactions).