Isoglobotriosylceramide, Gal(α1→3)Gal(β1→4)Glcβ(1→1)Cer, abbreviated as iGb3, is an iso-globo-series of glycosphingolipid, which mysteriously disappeared in most mammals studied (pig, mouse, and human), except trace amount reported in the thymus. iGb3 was discovered in canine and rat intestines among iso-globo-series of glycosphingolipids. First NMR spectrums for standard iGb3 were published by Dr. Tomoya Ogawa.

Isodynamic line

Isogo-ku (磯子区) is one of the 18 wards of the city of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2010, the ward has an estimated population of 163,406 and a population density of 8,520 persons per km². The total area is 19.17 km².

Isoflavan

Isoetes eludens is an aquatic plant in the genus commonly known as quillwort that is native to the Kamiesberg Mountains in Namaqualand, South Africa. So far it is known to grow only in a single !gau (gnamma), a small temporary pool formed in a hollowed out area of granite rock. It has likely been growing in that region for millions of years, but was only discovered in 2007 and described in 2009. The specific epithet eludens refers to the fact that it eluded discovery, in spite of several searches in recent years in the area for new quillwort species.

Isoetes hieroglyphica is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in lakes of Quebec, New Brunswick, Maine, and Wisconsin, though relatively few of these species have been found and the distribution is poorly understood. It bears 7 to 15 leaves, each 5 to 11 centimeters long. Sporangium can be 5 millimeters long and 3 millimeters wide, covered about one third by the velum. White, spherical megaspores are 580 to 700 micrometers in diameter, their rounded ridges forming a network. The relatively smooth kidney-shaped microspores are 37 to 45 micrometers long.

Isoentomon paulista

Isoetids are aquatic plants or wetland plants named for their superficial similarity to the quillworts, Isoetes. They occur in wetlands and on shorelines with low nutrient availability. Owing to their slow growth rates, they are also often found in areas with low rates of sediment deposition. Many have evergreen leaves, and CAM photosynthesis. Often they are exposed during periods of low water. Common examples include Lobelia dortmanna and Eriocaulon septangulare.

Isoetes sinensis

Isoetes tuckermanii

Isognomon radiatus

Howell's quillwort (Isoetes howellii) is a species of quillwort, a type of lycopod. It is an aquatic plant native to western North America and grows in wet habitats such as vernal pools. It produces 5 to 28 pointed, cylindrical, bright green leaves that can reach 30 centimeters in length. The velum covers roughly one third of the spherical sporangia, which is 6 millimeters long. The ligule is in the shape of an elongated triangle. The megaspores are 420 to 610 micrometers in diameter. The coarse microspores are 25 to 30 micrometers long. It is closely related to and was first thought to be a variation of that species.

Isoeugenol

Isognathus metascyron

Isofurans

Isogona is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae.

Isoetopsis graminifolia

In enzymology, an isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.115) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction malonyl-CoA + biochanin A 7-O-beta-D-glucoside CoA + biochanin A 7-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside) Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and biochanin A 7-O-beta-D-glucoside, whereas its two products are CoA and biochanin A 7-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside).

*Isoetes engelmannii var. georgiana (Engelm.)

Isognathus rimosa

N-[(E,2S,3R)-1-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]acetamide

Isoetes bolanderi

Isoglobotriosylceramide

Isoetharine

Isognathus pelops

*Isoetes lacustris var. paupercula (Engelm.)

Isoglucose

(trans isomer shown)

Acadian quillwort (Isoetes acadiensis) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family described by Kott in 1981. It can be found along the shores of lakes, ponds, and rivers in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, as well as in the American states Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. It has a similar distribution to that of I. tuckermanii. It bears 9 to 35 mostly recurved leaves, each 5–21 cm long. The leaves are usually dark green, though can occasionally be tinged with red. The sporangium can be up to five millimeters long and 3 millimeters in length, covered one sixth to one third by the velum. The spherical megaspores are 400-570 micrometers in diameter, and bear smooth ridges. The kidney shaped microspores are 25 to 30 micrometers long. It was originally believed to be a member of because of their similar megaspore structure.

Isogeometric Analysis

Isogeneous

In mathematics, isogeny theorem may refer to:
* Raynaud's isogeny theorem
* Tate's isogeny theorem

Isoferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid, a type of organic compound. It is an isomer of ferulic acid.

Isognathus occidentalis

Isodorian Decretals

Isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6'-O-maloniltransferasi

Isoferulate

Isodontosaurus is an extinct genus of iguanian lizard from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. The type species is Isodontosaurus gracilis. Isodontosaurus is part of an extinct group of Late Cretaceous iguanians called Gobiguania, which is currently thought to be endemic to Mongolia.

Isoeffective dose

Isogamete

Isoetales

Isognathus scyron is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Surinam, French Guiana, Cuba, Costa Rica and Guatemala. The wingspan is 72–73 mm. There are distinct bands on the upperside of the abdomen and the underside of the abdomen is dirty white or slightly buff, faintly speckled with russet scales. The upperside of the thorax and forewings is russet-drab-brown. The outer half of the forewing upperside has grey vein-streaks which are interrupted by black dots. Adults are on wing year round.

In mathematics, an isogeny is a morphism of algebraic groups that is surjective and has a finite kernel. If the groups are abelian varieties, then any morphism f : A → B of the underlying algebraic varieties which is surjective with finite fibres is automatically an isogeny, provided that f(1A) = 1B. Such an isogeny f then provides a group homomorphism between the groups of k-valued points of A and B, for any field k over which f is defined. The terms "isogeny" and "isogenous" come from the Greek word ισογενη-ς, meaning "equal in kind or nature". The term "isogeny" was introduced by Weil; before this, the term "isomorphism" was somewhat confusingly used for what is now called an isogeny.

ISOFOTON

*Isoëtes caroliniana (Eaton) Luebke 1992)

Isoetes tuckermanii (Tuckerman's quillwort) is a tetraploid species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in shallow water in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and south through the New England states to Maryland. It bears 10 to 45 long bright green to yellow green leaves that are 4 to 25 centimeters long, usually erect, but sometimes recurved. The velum covers one fourth or less of the sporangium, which is usually unspotted, 5 millimeters long, and 3 millimeters wide. The white spherical megaspores are 400 to 650 micrometers in diameter, and bear rough-crested ridges that form a hexagonal honeycomb shape. The kidney shaped microspores are 24 to 33 micrometers long, bearing tubercles. It is very similar to I. macrospora, only reliably distinguishable by cytology or through careful megaspore measurement.

Isodisomy

Isoflurophosphate

Isoeugenol is a phenylpropene, a propenyl-substituted guaiacol. A phenylpropanoid, it occurs in the essential oils of plants such as ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata). It can be synthesized from eugenol and has been used in the manufacture of vanillin. It may occur as either the cis (Z) or trans (E) isomer. Trans (E) isoeugenol is crystalline while cis (Z) isoeugenol is a liquid.

Isodontia exornata is a species of thread-waisted wasp in the family Sphecidae.

Isognathus australis is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from north-eastern Brazil. The wingspan is 70 mm for males. It is similar to Isognathus rimosa rimosa and Isognathus rimosa papayae but has narrower wings. The forewing upperside is unicolorous brown, shaded with white, except for a yellow band along the posterior margin and the faint traces of a distal marginal band. The basal area of the hindwing underside is yellow, the rest is brown with a bluish tinge, becoming black towards the anal angle.

Isodontia is a genus belonging to the family Sphecidae.

Isoenzymatic

Isoetes echinospora, also known as spiny quillwort, spiny-spored quillwort or spring quillwort is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family, and is the most abundant species in Canada. It can be found in shallow aquatic environments from Labrador and Newfoundland to Alaska, and south to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Colorado, and California. In Germany it is found in only 2 locations: the Feldsee and Lake Titisee, both in the High Black Forest. It bears 10-30 green to yellow leaves and a two-lobed corm. The covers one to three quarters of the sporangium, which are 10 millimeters long. Round white megaspores are about 480 micrometers in diameter and are covered with spines. Kidney-shaped microspores are about 26 micrometers long with smooth, fine spines. European populations of the plant

In enzymology, an isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.52) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction formononetin + NADPH + H+ + O2 calycosin + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are formononetin, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are calycosin, NADP+, and H2O. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is formononetin,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (3'-hydroxylating). This enzyme is also called isoflavone 3'-monooxygenase. This enzyme participates in isoflavonoid biosynthesis. It employs one cofactor, heme.

*Anceryx silenus (Grote & Robinson, 1868)

Louisiana quillwort

Isoelastic utility function

Isogamy is a form of sexual reproduction that involves gametes of similar morphology (similar shape and size), differing in general only in allele expression in one or more mating-type regions. Because both gametes look alike, they cannot be classified as "male" or "female". Instead, organisms undergoing isogamy are said to have different mating types, most commonly noted as "+" and "−" strains, although in some species of Basidiomycota there are more than two mating types (designated by numbers or letters). In all cases, fertilization occurs when gametes of two different mating types fuse to form a zygote.

Isogai hajime

Isoentomon hauseri

Isodon

Isognathus swainsonii is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from French Guiana, Peru and Brazil to Bolivia. The wingspan is about 82 mm. It is similar to Isognathus leachii, but the forewing upperside has more white scaling, there are interrupted white vein-streaks on the distal half of the wing, the basal patch is thinner and the marginal spots at the ends of veins are larger and paler grey. There are probably multiple generations per year. The larvae have been recorded feeding on . They have long tails and are very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

Isogenic (disambiguation)

Isognathus excelsior is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador to north-western Brazil. It can be distinguished from all other Isognathus species by the pure white underside to the abdomen with conspicuous paired black spots on each segment. There are probably multiple generations per year. The larvae probably feed on Apocynaceae species. They have long tails and are very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

Isognathus allamandae

2-Methoxy-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)phenol

Isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase

The Isogaisa Festival started in 2009 and is an annual festival and in 2014 is celebrating its 5th anniversary. Isogaisa is the only shamanic festival in the northern part of Scandinavia and have participants from all parts of Sápmi (Sweden, Norway, Finland, Russia) as from other European countries. The festival runs for a week starting with lectures, workshops and nature walks from Monday until Thursday and then has its main events during the weekend. Another festival in this area of Norway is Riddu Riđđu that is similar in the way that it has a focus on Sami culture and connection to other indigenous people but is without the focus on shamanism, traditional beliefs and practices.

Isodesmosine

Isoglossa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae.

Isoflavones are substituted derivatives of isoflavone, a type of naturally occurring isoflavonoids, many of which act as phytoestrogens in mammals. Isoflavones are produced almost exclusively by the members of the Fabaceae (i.e., Leguminosae, or bean) family. Although isoflavones and closely related phytoestrogens are sold as dietary supplements, there is little scientific evidence for either the safety of long-term supplementation or of health benefits from these compounds. Some studies have identified potential risks from high intake of isoflavones, such as in women with a history of breast cancer, but this concern has not been substantiated with high-quality clinical research.

Isoetes toximontana (Gifberg quillwort) is a plant species native to the Northern Cape and Western Cape regions of South Africa. It is known from only 3 sites. The type locality is on the slopes of Gifberg, a mountain forming part of the eastern boundary of the Olifants River Valley. The name "Gifberg" means "poison mountain"; this is in reference to a poisonous tree called "gifboom", Euphorbia virosa, that is endemic to the area. The specific epithet "toximontana" is a Latin translation of the Afrikaans name of the mountain. Isoetes toximontana is an herb which grows in shallow water, very often emerging above the surface. Leaves are 3-10 per plant, up to 42 mm long, elliptical in cross-section. Mega- and microsporophylls may be found on the same plant. Megaspores number up to 36 per sporangium, gray-green, drying olive green, each up to 320 μm in diameter, covered with tubercules (bumps) over most of the surface. Microspores are brown, up to 25 μm in diameter.

The maritime quillwort (Isoëtes maritima) is a quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It is native to Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington State. It bears eight to fifteen dark green, erect, rigid leaves that are each two to five centimeters long and 1.5 millimeters wide. The oval sporangia are small and inconspicuous, measuring at four millimeters long. The velum covers a third to a half of the sporangia. The white microspores are kidney-shaped and 30-36 micrometers long. The white megaspores are spherical and 490-670 micrometers in diameter. It is similar to I. echinospora, but with blunt spines and crests on the megaspores. I. echinospora has sharp, thin spines, though most of the other species in the genus have no megasporal spines. The epithet "maritima" and the common name "maritime quillwort", meaning "of the sea or ocean", are misnomers. Because it was first discovered by Macoun near tidal flats in British Columbia, it was treated as a coastal species. Since that time, however, it has been found in fresh-water lakes and streams.

Isoetes braunii

An isogenous group (lat. "equal origin") is a cluster of chondrocytes, all formed through division of a single progenitor cell, found in hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage, growing by .

Isoetes macrospora

Isoetes lacustris (lake quillwort or Merlin's grass) is a boreal quillwort native on both sides of the northern Atlantic Ocean. In Europe, it is distributed from Poland west to northeastern France, throughout Scandinavia, the west and north of the British Isles, the Faroe Islands and Iceland. In the North America, it occurs in the New England states of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire Rhode Island and Massachusetts, and in Canada in provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. It was discovered by Johannes Reinke. The lake quillwort has many long, narrow leaves from 8–20 cm long and 0.5–2 mm broad, widening to 5 mm broad at the base. There is a sac that produces the spores at the bottom of each leaf base. The plant has a very short stem, called a corm, where all the leaves and roots are attached close together. It does not have traditional roots, but instead some of its leaves are modified to act like roots. These pseudo-roots are called rhizomorphs, and are attached to the bottom end of corm. The upper leaves are green and found sprouting in a clump. It is found on the stony or sandy bottoms of clear, usually slightly acidic ponds, typically in mountain tarns, growing at 5–460 cm depth of water. They are perennial, with typically two flushes of new leaves each year, in spring and autumn. Reproduction usually takes place during the late summer or early fall. The sacs at the bottom of leaves create two types of spores, female (megaspores, about 0.5 mm diameter) and male (microspores, a few micrometres in diameter). These spores represent the gametophyte phase of the life cycle. This species is one of a few cultivated species of quillworts, either as an aquarium plant or as an educational resource.

The Isoetopsida is a class of Lycopodiophyta. All extant species belong to the genus Selaginella in the order Selaginellales or to the genus Isoetes in the order Isoetales. In the past, members of this group sometimes have been placed in the classes Isoetopsida, Selaginellopsida, or Lycopodiopsida. There are c. 700 species of Selaginella and 140-150 species of Isoetes, with a cosmopolitan distribution, but often scarce to rare. Both orders are heterosporous. Some botanists split Isoetes by separating two South American species into the genus Stylites. Some prefer the name Selaginellopsida A.B. Frank 1877, which has priority over "Isoetopsida"; the latter was not published until 1885. However, priority does not apply above the rank of family. Recent articles favor "Isoetopsida" because "Selaginellopsida" sometimes is ambiguously used: it may denote the same membership as Isoetopsida as described herein or it may include only the order Selaginellales. The most famous group within the Isoetopsida is the "scale trees" (order Lepidodendrales), which include Lepidodendron. These massive trees flourished in marshlands of the Carboniferous. Quillworts are considered their closest extant relatives and share some unusual features with these fossil trees, including the development of both bark, cambium and wood, a modified shoot system acting as roots, bipolar and secondary growth, and an upright stance.

Isoentomon atlanticum

Isoetes taiwanensis

The Louisiana quillwort (Isoetes louisianensis) is a small, grass-like aquatic plant of the family Isoetaceae. It is "one of the rarest quillworts in North America." It occurs in only five locations in St. Tammany and Washington Parishes of Louisiana and some spots in southern Mississippi (United States). It is federally listed as an endangered species, partly due to its highly restricted range. The Louisiana quillwort occurs predominantly on sand and gravel bars on small to medium-sized streams. These plants live for periods underwater. They are regularly inundated as much as 50 centimeters (20 inches) following rains, and may be inundated for long periods in wet seasons. Its habitat follows roughly along the Bogue Chitto River. Associated plants include primrose-leafed violet (Viola primulifolia), (Scirpus divaricatus), (Justicia lanceolata), (Hypoxis leptocarpa), yellow-eyed grass Xyris sp. and sedge (Carex sp.), swamp tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora), water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica), sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana), bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), swamp laurel oak (Quercus obtusa), red maple (Acer rubrum), loblolly (Pinus taeda), ti ti (Cyrilla racemiflora), fetterbush (Lyonia lucida), and winterberry (Ilex verticillata). Distinctive characteristics of this species include brown-spotted sporangial walls and megaspores with highly reticulate ridges, producing a spiny effect. The leaves are up to 40 cm long. The Louisiana quillwort was described recently, in 1973, and was listed as an endangered species in 1992.

In enzymology, an isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.89) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction an isoflavone + NADPH + H+ + O2 a 2'-hydroxyisoflavone + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are isoflavone, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are , NADP+, and H2O. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is isoflavone,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (2'-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include isoflavone 2'-monooxygenase, CYP81E1, and CYP Ge-3. This enzyme participates in isoflavonoid biosynthesis.

Isoflavonoid

Isofraxidin-7-glucoside

Isognathus australis

Isoetes paupercula

Isoforms

Isognathus fumosa

Isoetes ecuadoriensis

Isoetes caroliniana

Isoflupredone, also known as deltafludrocortisone and 9α-fluoroprednisolone, is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid which was never marketed. Its acetate ester, , is used in veterinary medicine.

Isodisomy is a non-mendelian trait in humans caused by both copies of a chromosomal set being inherited from the biological mother or the father. It differs from uniparental disomy in that instead of receiving an identical set of chromosomes from one parent, the fertilized ovum contains a complete set of chromosomes from one parent resulting in a complete set of chromosomes from only one parent. This may result in the expression of recessive traits in the offspring. Some authors use the term uniparental disomy and isodisomy interchangeably. This genetic abnormality can result in the birth of a normal child who has no obvious disability. It is associated with abnormalities in the growth of the offspring and in the placenta.

Isoetes riparia (shore quillwort) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in rivers, creeks, and tidal mud flats in southern Quebec and southeastern Ontario, south to eastern New York. It has 5 to 35 long, erect bright green to yellow-green leaves, which are 6 to 35 centimeters long. The velum covers one fourth of the sporangium, which can be 7 millimeters long and 4 millimeters wide. The elongated ligule can grow to be 3 millimeters long. The spherical megaspores are 430 to 680 micrometers in diameter with closely set ridges. The kidney-shaped microspores are 24-35 micrometers long, and usually have spine-tipped tubercules. The megaspores can sometimes come to resemble that of either I. echinospora, if the megaspores become eroded and bear projections that could resemble spines, or I. macrospora, if the broken ridges take a certain shape.

Isoentomon is an animal genus of proturans in the family Eosentomidae.

Bolander's quillwort (Isoetes bolanderi) is a species of quillwort, a type of lycopod. This aquatic plant is native to high altitude regions of the western United States and southern Alberta. It grows almost entirely underwater in lakes and other water bodies from a corm-like stem, which remains buried in the mud, producing up to twenty pointed, cylindrical leaves approaching 15 centimeters in maximum length. It reproduces via spherical sporangia, covered about one third by the velum. The ligule is small and heart-shaped. The megaspores are white, though sometimes bluish, and 350 to 290 micrometers in diameter. The microspores are 25 to 30 micrometers long.

Isoentomon pluviale

Isodontosaurus gracilis

Isogai Rensuke

Isognathus leachii is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from southern Panama and from Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia and Argentina. The wingspan is about 85 mm for males and 94 mm for females. There are indistinct bands on the upperside of the abdomen and an elongate patch on the forewing upperside. The inner edge of the dark brown marginal band of the hindwing upperside is distinctly and almost regularly dentate and not constant in width. There are probably multiple generations per year. The larvae have been recorded feeding on Allamanda cathartica and . They have long tails and are very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

Isognomostoma

Isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase

Isognomon

Isogai Simon

*Anceryx mnechus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1863)

Isoetes muricata

Isogeneic

*Isoetes canadensis ( (Engelm.) A.A. Eat. )

Calycanthoside; Isofraxidin 7-O-beta-(D)-glucoside

Isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase

Isoetes occidentalis

Isoetes riparia

Isogai

Isogenic human disease models are a family of cells that are selected or engineered to accurately model the genetics of a specific patient population, in vitro. They are provided with a genetically matched 'normal cell' to provide an isogenic system to research disease biology and novel therapeutic agents. They can be used to model any disease with a genetic foundation. Cancer is one such disease for which isogenic human disease models have been widely used.

Isoetes macrospora (big-spore quillwort) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in the deep water of low nutrient lakes in the Precambrian Shield as well as in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, and Ontario. In the United States, it has been found in Minnesota and south, through the Appalachian Mountains to Virginia. It bears 3 to 17 long, stiff dark green leaves, sometimes with recurving tips. The sporangium can be 5 millimeters long and 4 millimeters wide, covered from one sixth to one quarter by the velum. The triangular ligule can grow up to 2 millimeters long. The spherical, white megaspores are 400 to 800 micrometers in diameter, and bear ridges that form honeycomb-like areas. The kidney-shaped microspores are 32 to 50 micrometers long, each with evenly s

Isodyne Energy

Isognomostoma is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.

Isoephedrine

Isoetes hieroglyphica

Isogon (geomagnetism)

Isoentomon

*Isoëtes tuckermanii ( A. Braun ex Engelm. ) var. heterospora ( (A.A. Eaton) Clute)

Isoelectric focusing (IEF), also known as electrofocusing, is a technique for separating different molecules by differences in their isoelectric point (pI). It is a type of zone electrophoresis, usually performed on proteins in a gel, that takes advantage of the fact that overall charge on the molecule of interest is a function of the pH of its surroundings.

Isogeny

Isoenzymes

*Isoetes engelmannii var. caroliniana (Eaton 1900)

Isoeugenol synthase

Isodontosauridae

Isogenies

Isoelectric focusing

Isognathus swainsoni

In enzymology, an isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.46) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + an isoflavone S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a 4'-O-methylisoflavone Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and isoflavone, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include 4'-hydroxyisoflavone methyltransferase, isoflavone methyltransferase, and isoflavone O-methyltransferase. This enzyme participates in isoflavonoid biosynthesis.

6,8-Dimethoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl β-(D)-glucopyranoside

Isoglutamine or α-glutamine is a gamma amino acid derived from glutamic acid by substituting the carboxyl group in position 1 with an amide group. This is in contrast to the proteinogenic amino acid glutamine, which is the 5-amide of glutamic acid. Isoglutamine can form the C-terminus of a peptide chain, as in muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a constituent of bacterial cell walls. It can also occur inside a peptide chain, in which case the chain is continued at the carboxyl group and isoglutamine behaves as a γ-amino acid, as in mifamurtide, a synthetic derivative of MDP used to treat osteosarcoma.

Isognathus menechus

Isognomostoma isognomostomos is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.

(E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid

Isoechoniscoidinae

Isoflavane

Isoeugenol synthase (EC 1.1.1.319, IGS1, t-anol/isoeugenol synthase 1) is an enzyme with systematic name eugenol:NADP+ oxidoreductase (coniferyl acetate reducing). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction. isoeugenol + acetate + NADP+ + NADPH + H+ The enzyme acts in the reverse direction.

Isognathus occidentalis is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Venezuela, northern Brazil and French Guiana. It is similar to Isognathus excelsior but distinguishable by the pale brown underside of the abdomen. There are probably multiple generations per year. The larvae have been recorded feeding on . They have long tails and very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

Isofoton

Isoetes × eatonii

Isognathus yucatana

Isognomostoma isognomostomos

Isoetes appalachiana

Isoflavandiol

Isoendoxan

Isoentomon pseudosaharense

Isoflavanes are a class of isoflavonoids, which are themselves types of polyphenolic compounds. They have the 3-phenylchroman (isoflavan, CAS number : 4737-26-2, molecular formula : C15H14O, exact mass : 210.1044646 u) backbone.

Isognathus amazonicus

Isoglossa nervosa

Isodienestrol

Isognathus caricae is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Costa Rica, French Guiana, Bolivia, Argentina and Brazil.

Isognathus rimosa, the rimosus sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1865. It is known from tropical climates from northern Brazil north through Central America, the West Indies and Mexico to southern Arizona. There are multiple generations per year in the tropics. In Arizona, adults have been recorded in August. They feed on flower nectar, including petunias. The larvae have been recorded feeding on Plumeria rubra in Cuba and Plumeria alba, Plumeria obtusa and Plumeria rubra in Puerto Rico.

Isoemericellin is a bio-active isolate of the marine fungus Emericella variecolor.

Isoetes valida, commonly known as the strong quillwort or true quillwort, is an aquatic pteridophyte native to eastern North America. It is found primarily in the Appalachian Mountains from Pennsylvania south to Alabama and Georgia. In addition, one collection of the plant was made in a railway ditch in Wilmington, Delaware in the 1860s, but this was most likely an accidental introduction.

Isog (possibly from Quechua isu skin sickness caused by a certain mite (mange), -q a suffix) is an archaeological site in Peru. It is situated in the Huánuco Region, Huamalíes Province, Tantamayo District. The site was declared a National Cultural Heritage by Resolución Directoral No. 533/INC on June 18, 2002. Isog lies on the northern slope of the mountain Susupillo which is also the name of the archaeological site south of Isog.

Isoflavones

Isoetes ecuadoriensis is a species of plant in the Isoetaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland and Alpine wetlands. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Isoelectronicity is the phenomenon of two or more chemical species (atoms, molecules, radicals, ions etc.) differing in the atoms of which they are formed but having the same number of valence electrons and the same structure (that is, the same number of atoms with the same connectivity). The species concerned are termed isoelectronic. This definition is sometimes termed valence isoelectronicity, in contrast with various alternatives. At one extreme these require identity of the total electron count and with it the entire electron configuration. More usually, alternatives are broader, and may extend to allowing different numbers of atoms in the species being compared. The importance of the concept lies in identifying significantly related species, as pairs or series. Isoelectronic species can be expected to show useful consistency and predictability in their properties. (Slight differences of, for example, structural formula, such as a double versus single bond, commonly have major effects.) Electron-density calculations have been performed on many common substances, resulting in reaction predictions. Identifying a new, rare or odd compound as isoelectronic with one already characterised offers clues to possible properties and reactions.

Isognathus mossi is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from eastern Brazil and Venezuela. The length of the forewings is 36 mm for males and 41 mm for females. It is similar to Isognathus menechus but smaller and the ground colour of the body and wings (both above and below) is much darker. Furthermore, the forewings are relatively shorter. There are probably multiple generations per year. The larvae probably feed on Apocynaceae species. They have long tails and are very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

Isogona

Isoetes tegetiformans, commonly known as mat-forming quillwort or mat-forming Merlin's grass, is an aquatic pteridophyte endemic to the U.S. state of Georgia. It grows exclusively in shallow, temporary pools on granite outcrops, often with only 2 cm of soil. Only 7 populations are known to exist, and three of these have been destroyed since the plant's discovery in 1976. The remaining populations are threatened with habitat destruction due to quarrying, though the species is protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. New leaves quickly sprout after fall and winter rains, but during the dry summer months these typically shrivel.

Cotula sect. Isoetopsis (Turcz.) Baill.)

Isoetharine Hydrochloride
-O-malonyltransferase> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/language>

Isoenthalpic process

Isoetes eludens

Isognathus laura

Isoflurane, sold under the trade name Forane among others, is a general anesthetic. It can be used to start or maintain anesthesia. Often another medication is used to start anesthesia due to airway irritation with isoflurane. It is used by inhalation. Side effects include a decreased ability to breathe (respiratory depression), low blood pressure, and irregular heartbeat. Serious side effects may include malignant hyperthermia and high blood potassium. It should not be used in people with a history of malignant hyperthermia in either themselves or their family members. It is unknown if use during pregnancy is safe for the baby, but use during a cesarean section appears to be safe. Isoflurane is in the halogenated ether family of medication. Isoflurane was approved for medical use in the United States in 1979. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$17.24–170.40 per 250 ml bottle.

Isodontia

Isoglutamine

Isoetes appalachiana, commonly known as the Appalachian quillwort (not to be confused with its close relative Isoetes engelmannii, which shares the same common name), is an aquatic pteridophyte that is widely distributed in the eastern United States. It is most frequently encountered in wetlands at low to middle elevations of the Appalachian Mountains in Pennsylvania, though its range extends from there south to Florida and Alabama along the eastern slopes of the mountains. It is a tetraploid and is grouped in the Isoetes engelmannii complex.

Isoglossa woodii, commonly known as buckweed, is a monocarpic shrub of the family Acanthaceae, growing up to 4 m tall. It grows in colonies in coastal forest areas of KwaZulu-Natal and marginally into Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Isogaisa Festival

4,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid

Isofluorophate

Isoetes butleri, commonly known as limestone quillwort, is a species of plant in the quillwort family, a member of the fern allies. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is scattered and local. It is found almost exclusively on seasonally wet alkaline soils. Common habitats include rocky prairies and glades, most often over limestone. This species is inconspicuous and easily overlooked, due to its superficial similarity to a vegetative grass or sedge.

Isofagomine tartrate

Isodisomy is a non-mendelian trait in humans caused by both copies of a chromosomal set being inherited from the biological mother or the father. It differs from uniparental disomy in that instead of receiving an identical set of chromosomes from one parent, the fertilized ovum contains a complete set of chromosomes from one parent resulting in a complete set of chromosomes from only one parent. This may result in the expression of recessive traits in the offspring. Some authors use the term uniparental disomy and isodisomy interchangeably.

In enzymology, an isoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.150) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a 7-hydroxyisoflavone S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a 7-methoxyisoflavone Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and , whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:hydroxyisoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase. This enzyme participates in isoflavonoid biosynthesis.

Isoetes nuttallii

In enzymology, an isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.115) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction malonyl-CoA + biochanin A 7-O-beta-D-glucoside CoA + biochanin A 7-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside) Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and biochanin A 7-O-beta-D-glucoside, whereas its two products are CoA and biochanin A 7-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside). This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is malonyl-CoA:isoflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase. Other names in common use include flavone/flavonol 7-O-beta-D-glucoside malonyltransferase, flavone (flavonol) 7-O-glycoside malonyltransferase, malonyl-CoA:flavone/flavonol 7-O-glucoside malonyltransferase, MAT-7, malonyl-coenzyme A:isoflavone 7-O-glucoside-6"-malonyltransferase, and malonyl-coenzyme A:flavone/flavonol-7-O-glycoside malonyltransferase. This enzyme participates in flavonoid biosynthesis and isoflavonoid biosynthesis.

Isodesmosine is a lysine derivative found in elastin. Isodesmosine is an isomeric pyridinium-based amino acid resulting from the condensation of four lysine residues between elastin proteins by lysyl-oxidase. These represent ideal biomarkers for monitoring elastin turnover because these special cross-links are only found in mature elastin in mammals. For more information, see desmosine.

Isoflavonoids are a class of flavonoid phenolic compounds, many of which are biologically active. Isoflavonoids and their derivatives are sometimes referred to as phytoestrogens, as many isoflavonoid compounds have biological effects via the estrogen receptor. Medically, isoflavonoids and related compounds have been used in many dietary supplements, but the medical and scientific community is generally skeptical of their use. Recently, some natural isoflavonoids have been identified as toxins, including biliatresone which may cause biliary atresia when infants are exposed to the plant product.

*Anceryx rimosa papayae (Boisduval, 1875)

The Isoetopsida is a class of Lycopodiophyta. All extant species belong to the genus Selaginella in the order Selaginellales or to the genus Isoetes in the order Isoetales. In the past, members of this group sometimes have been placed in the classes Isoetopsida, Selaginellopsida, or Lycopodiopsida. There are c. 700 species of Selaginella and 140-150 species of Isoetes, with a cosmopolitan distribution, but often scarce to rare. Both orders are heterosporous. Some botanists split Isoetes by separating two South American species into the genus Stylites.

Isoelectronicity is the phenomenon of two or more chemical species (atoms, molecules, radicals, ions etc.) differing in the atoms of which they are formed but having the same number of valence electrons and the same structure (that is, the same number of atoms with the same connectivity). The species concerned are termed isoelectronic. Electron-density calculations have been performed on many common substances, resulting in reaction predictions. Identifying a new, rare or odd compound as isoelectronic with one already characterised offers clues to possible properties and reactions.

Isoergine

Isoethadione

*Isoetes melanopoda (Gay & Dur.) var. californica (A.A. Eat.)

Isogamy

Isognathus tepuyensis

*Isoetes macrospora ( Durieu ) var. heterospora ( (A.A. Eaton) A.A. Eaton)

Isofluranum

Isognathus swainsonii

Isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase

Isoetes lacustris (lake quillwort or Merlin's grass) is a boreal quillwort native on both sides of the northern Atlantic Ocean. In Europe, it is distributed from Poland west to northeastern France, throughout Scandinavia, the west and north of the British Isles, the Faroe Islands and Iceland. In the North America, it occurs in the New England states of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire Rhode Island and Massachusetts, and in Canada in provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. It was discovered by Johannes Reinke.

Isoelectric

Isoelastic utility

Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus

Isodyne

Isofentanyl (3-Methyl-benzylfentanyl) is an opioid analgesic that is an analog (and structural isomer) of fentanyl first invented in 1973, and which has been sold as a designer drug.

Isoetid

Isoetes sinensis, the narrow quillwort, is a species of plant in the family Isoetaceae.

Isoelectronic

Isodictya grandis

Isogenic human disease models

Isodesmic reaction

Isoentomon setigerum

Eaton's quillwort (Isoetes × eatonii) is a cross between I. engelmannii and . It can be found in ponds and slow moving rivers in Canada or in several New England states. In Canada, it has only been found in the Severn River in Ontario. In the United States, it has been found in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York. It bears 12-100 long yellowish green leaves, each fine, soft, and 8 to 45 centimeters long. The unspotted tan colored sporangium are 12 millimeters long and 5 millimeters wide. The velum covers a sixth to a quarter of the sporangium. The elongated ligule is 3.5 millimeters long. The flattened white megaspores are 320 to 530 micrometers in diameter and bear short spiny ridges. The round microspores are 22 to 25 micrometers long.

In enzymology, an isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.89) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction an isoflavone + NADPH + H+ + O2 a 2'-hydroxyisoflavone + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are isoflavone, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are , NADP+, and H2O.

Isoentomon serinus

Isogon

*Dielsia (Kudô 1929, illegitimate homonym not Gilg. 1904 (Restionaceae)

Isogo

Isognathus scyron is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Surinam, French Guiana, Cuba, Costa Rica and Guatemala. The wingspan is 72–73 mm. There are distinct bands on the upperside of the abdomen and the underside of the abdomen is dirty white or slightly buff, faintly speckled with russet scales. The upperside of the thorax and forewings is russet-drab-brown. The outer half of the forewing upperside has grey vein-streaks which are interrupted by black dots. Adults are on wing year round. The larvae probably feed on Apocynaceae species. They have long tails and are very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

Isoft

Isoetopsis

In Euclidean geometry, the isodynamic points of a triangle are points associated with the triangle, with the properties that an inversion centered at one of these points transforms the given triangle into an equilateral triangle, and that the distances from the isodynamic point to the triangle vertices are inversely proportional to the opposite side lengths of the triangle. Triangles that are similar to each other have isodynamic points in corresponding locations in the plane, so the isodynamic points are triangle centers, and unlike other triangle centers the isodynamic points are also invariant under Möbius transformations. A triangle that is itself equilateral has a unique isodynamic point, at its centroid; every non-equilateral triangle has two isodynamic points. Isodynamic points were first studied and named by Joseph Neuberg ().

Isofurans are nonclassic eicosanoids formed nonenzymatically by free radical mediated peroxidation of arachidonic acid. The isofurans are similar to the isoprostanes and are formed under similar conditions, but contain a substituted tetrahydrofuran ring. The concentration of oxygen affects this process; at elevated oxygen concentrations, the formation of isofurans is favored whereas the formation of isoprostanes is disfavored.

Isoetes toximontana (Gifberg quillwort) is a plant species native to the Northern Cape and Western Cape regions of South Africa. It is known from only 3 sites. The type locality is on the slopes of Gifberg, a mountain forming part of the eastern boundary of the Olifants River Valley. The name "Gifberg" means "poison mountain"; this is in reference to a poisonous tree called "gifboom", Euphorbia virosa, that is endemic to the area. The specific epithet "toximontana" is a Latin translation of the Afrikaans name of the mountain.

Isoelectronicity

In economics, the isoelastic function for utility, also known as the isoelastic utility function, or power utility function is used to express utility in terms of consumption or some other economic variable that a decision-maker is concerned with. The isoelastic utility function is a special case of hyperbolic absolute risk aversion and at the same time is the only class of utility functions with constant relative risk aversion, which is why it is also called the CRRA utility function. It is where is consumption, the associated utility, and is a constant that is positive for risk averse agents. Since additive constant terms in objective functions do not affect optimal decisions, the term –1 in the numerator can be, and usually is, omitted (except when establishing the limiting case of as below). When the context involves risk, the utility function is viewed as a von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function, and the parameter is the degree of relative risk aversion. The isoelastic utility function is a special case of the hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) utility functions, and is used in analyses that either include or do not include underlying risk.

Isoethcathinone is a designer drug with purportedly stimulant effects, first encountered in Ireland in 2010 and reported to the EMCDDA new drug monitoring service. It is unclear whether it has desirable pharmacological properties in its own right, or is merely an impurity from the synthesis of ethcathinone.

Isoetes riparia (shore quillwort) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in rivers, creeks, and tidal mud flats in southern Quebec and southeastern Ontario, south to eastern New York. It has 5 to 35 long, erect bright green to yellow-green leaves, which are 6 to 35 centimeters long. The velum covers one fourth of the sporangium, which can be 7 millimeters long and 4 millimeters wide. The elongated ligule can grow to be 3 millimeters long. The spherical megaspores are 430 to 680 micrometers in diameter with closely set ridges. The kidney-shaped microspores are 24-35 micrometers long, and usually have spine-tipped tubercules. The megaspores can sometimes come to resemble that of either I. echinospora, if the megaspores become eroded and bear projections that coul

An isodesmic reaction is a chemical reaction in which the type of chemical bonds broken in the reactant are the same as the type of bonds formed in the reaction product. This type of reaction is often used as a hypothetical reaction in thermochemistry. An example of an isodesmic reaction is CH3− + CH3X → CH4 + CH2X− (1)X = F, Cl, Br, I The related term homodesmotic reaction also takes into account orbital hybridization and in addition there is no change in the number of carbon to hydrogen bonds.

Isognathus is a genus of moths in the family Sphingidae.

Isoethcathinone

Isogenous is a term occasionally used in spectroscopy that denotes when two or more spectroscopic series of transition from a common state. The word was first used in this context in T.J. Stone & R.F. Barrow Laser excited fluorescence spectra of gaseous , Canadian Journal of Physics. Vol. 53, p. 1976, October 1975. In this case, an excited state of gaseous was pumped by an Argon ion laser; the excited state then relaxed to two closely separated low lying states giving two series of emission lines with a common origin.

Isoetes valida

Isofluorine

Isoetes canadensis

Isogo, Yokohama

Isoetes echinospora, also known as spiny quillwort, spiny-spored quillwort or spring quillwort is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family, and is the most abundant species in Canada. It can be found in shallow aquatic environments from Labrador and Newfoundland to Alaska, and south to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Colorado, and California. In Germany it is found in only 2 locations: the Feldsee and Lake Titisee, both in the High Black Forest. It bears 10-30 green to yellow leaves and a two-lobed corm. The covers one to three quarters of the sporangium, which are 10 millimeters long. Round white megaspores are about 480 micrometers in diameter and are covered with spines. Kidney-shaped microspores are about 26 micrometers long with smooth, fine spines. European populations of the plant lack stomata, which are present in North American populations. Isoetes muricata and Isoetes echinospora var. braunii refer to the North American plants when they are considered to be distinct from the European plants.

Isofraxidin is a chemical compound found in a variety of plants including Eleutherococcus senticosus.

Isognomon radiatus, the radial purse oyster or Lister's tree oyster, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Pteriidae. It can be found along the Atlantic coast of North America, ranging from southern Florida to Brazil and Bermuda.

Isognathus allamandae is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from Brazil to Venezuela. The wingspan is 68 mm for males and 78 mm for females. It is similar to Isognathus australis but has narrower wings and the forewing upperside is more uniform grey. There is a yellow band running along the inner margin of the forewing upperside. The basal area of the hindwing underside is yellow. There are probably multiple generations per year. Adults have been recorded in June.

Isoforone

Isoflurane

Isoemericellin

Isoetarin

Isodynamic point

Isoentomon myrmecobium

Isodiasphere

Isoëtes caroliniana, common name Carolina quillwort, is a wetlands plant native to the mountains of Tennessee, North Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia. It is an emergent plant found in lakes and bogs. It is closely related to I. georgiana Luebke (the Georgia quillwort) but can be distinguished by its unpigmented sporangium wall. The two dots over the first "e" (ë) in the name indicate that the "o" and the "ë" are to be pronounced in separate syllables. This is optional; either spelling is equally correct.

*Isoetes paupercula (Engelm.) A.A. Eat.)

Isoglossa nervosa is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is endemic to Cameroon. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.

Isognathus caricae

Isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase

Isoetes x eatonii

Isoetes macrospora (big-spore quillwort) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in the deep water of low nutrient lakes in the Precambrian Shield as well as in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Quebec, and Ontario. In the United States, it has been found in Minnesota and south, through the Appalachian Mountains to Virginia. It bears 3 to 17 long, stiff dark green leaves, sometimes with recurving tips. The sporangium can be 5 millimeters long and 4 millimeters wide, covered from one sixth to one quarter by the velum. The triangular ligule can grow up to 2 millimeters long. The spherical, white megaspores are 400 to 800 micrometers in diameter, and bear ridges that form honeycomb-like areas. The kidney-shaped microspores are 32 to 50 micrometers long, each with evenly spaced smooth papillae.

Nuttall's quillwort (Isoetes nuttallii) is a species of quillwort, a type of lycopod. It is native to shallow waters and other wet habitats of western North America from British Columbia to California. It produces up to 60 pointed, cylindrical, green to gray-green leaves, each 7 to 17 centimeters long. The velum completely covers the spherical sporangia, which are 5 millimeters long and 1.5 millimeters wide. The ligule is small and triangular. The megaspores are 400 to 500 micrometers in diameter. The microspores, which are spiny and covered in tubercles, are 28 to 31 micrometers long.

Isoetes histrix (land quillwort) is an aquatic pteridophyte native to the Mediterranean region, northwestern Africa, and the coasts of western Europe northwest to Cornwall. It occurs mainly in temporarily wet habitats, otherwise called vernal pools. The leaves are 3–8 cm long, and summer-deciduous. It differs from by its large black scales between the leaves, though these are not always present, and a surface of megaspores with tubercles, whereas I durieui has a network of ridges.

Isoferulic acid

Isoglobotriosylceramide, Gal(α1→3)Gal(β1→4)Glcβ(1→1)Cer, abbreviated as iGb3, is an iso-globo-series of glycosphingolipid, which mysteriously disappeared in most mammals studied (pig, mouse, and human), except trace amount reported in the thymus. iGb3 was discovered in canine and rat intestines among iso-globo-series of glycosphingolipids. First NMR spectrums for standard iGb3 were published by Dr. Tomoya Ogawa. The physiological function of iGb3 is not clear. It has been identified as a CD1d- presented self-antigen for an innate type of immune cells termed as Natural Killer T (NKT) cells. Extensive biochemical studies by multiple methods including HPLC, mass spectrometry, and NMR did not lead to positive finding of iGb3 in major organs of mouse, pig, and human species, except trace amount in thymus and immune cells, suggesting a selection pressure during evolution. Obviously, the immune selection pressure against iGb3 is mechanistically different from the well known anti-alpha-Gal antibodies, which caused the loss of alpha1,3-galactose epitope on glycoproteins in humans, apes, and old world monkeys. The disappearance of iGb3 in pig and mouse species cannot be attributed to anti-alpha-Gal antibodies which are absent in these animals.

Isoetes echinospora

Isoetes ×eatonii

Isofraxidin-7-glucoside (calycanthoside) is a constituent of Eleutherococcus senticosus that is classified as a coumarin. It is a glucoside of isofraxidin.

Isoetes melanospora, commonly known as black-spored quillwort or black-spored Merlin's grass, is a rare and endangered aquatic pteridophyte endemic to the U.S. states of Georgia and South Carolina. It grows exclusively in shallow, temporary pools on granite outcrops, often with only 2 cm of soil. 11 populations are known to exist in Georgia, while only one has been recorded in South Carolina, though this population is believed to be extirpated. The number of sites has dropped from 18 following its discovery due to habitat destruction caused by quarrying, trash dumping and trampling. New leaves quickly sprout after fall and winter rains, but during the dry summer months these typically shrivel. Isoetes melanospora is a small plant growing in mud or shallow water but becoming terrestrial as the ground dries. Rootstock is nearly spherical. Leaves are up to 7 cm (2.8 inches) long, spirally arranged, tapering to the tip. Megaspores are gray or black, 350-480 μm in diameter. Microspores appear brown, each 26-31 μm across. The black-spored quillwort, a federally listed endangered species, is sometimes found growing with pool sprite (Amphianthus pusillus), another imperiled plant species. Both are protected at Stone Mountain in Georgia.

Isoflor

Isoetes engelmannii, commonly known as Engelmann's quillwort or Appalachian quillwort (not to be confused with the newly described Isoetes appalachiana), is an aquatic pteridophyte and is the most widely distributed species of its genus in eastern North America. Its range extends from Ontario in the north, south to Florida and west Arkansas and Missouri. It can be found from April to October in temporary pools, bogs, marshes, stream edges, swamps and along wet roadsides.

8-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyl-7-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-2-[(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-one

Isoflavone

Isogenous

Isognathus rimosa, the rimosus sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1865. It is known from tropical climates from northern Brazil north through Central America, the West Indies and Mexico to southern Arizona. The wingspan is 70–102 mm. The upperside of the female forewing is mostly gray brown on the front half and dark brown on the rear half while the upperside of male forewing is yellow gray or gray brown. Both sexes have wavy dark markings. The upperside of the hindwing of both sexes is yellow with an incomplete dark border on the outer margin. There are multiple generations per year in the tropics. In Arizona, adults have been recorded in August. They feed on flower nectar, including petunias. The larvae have been recorded feeding on Plumeria rubra in Cuba and Plumeria alba, Plumeria obtusa and Plumeria rubra in Puerto Rico.

Isofentanyl

Isoflavonoids

Acadian quillwort (Isoetes acadiensis) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family described by Kott in 1981. It can be found along the shores of lakes, ponds, and rivers in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, as well as in the American states Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. It has a similar distribution to that of I. tuckermanii. It bears 9 to 35 mostly recurved leaves, each 5–21 cm long. The leaves are usually dark green, though can occasionally be tinged with red. The sporangium can be up to five millimeters long and 3 millimeters in length, covered one sixth to one third by the velum. The spherical megaspores are 400-570 micrometers in diameter, and bear smooth ridges. The kidney shaped microspores are 25 to 30 micrometers long. It was originally believed to b

Isodiscodes is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

Isodrin is may refer to either of two chemical compounds:
* Isodrin, an organochlorine insecticide which is an isomer of aldrin
* Pholedrine, a methylamphetamine derivative

Isogenous series

Isoflupredone

Isoenthalpic

Hesperetic acid

Isognathus rimosus

Gifberg quillwort

Isoflavon

Isoetes occidentalis (western quillwort) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in aquatic habitats of coastal Alaska and British Columbia south to California and Colorado. It is frequently found on Vancouver Island and around the Fraser Valley region. It bears 10 to 30 or more rigid, dark green leaves, each 5 to 20 centimeters long. The velum covers one fourth to one third of the orbicular sporangium, which is 5 to 6 millimeters in diameter. The ligule is shaped like a shortened triangle. The white megaspores are 500 to 700 micrometers in diameter and bear sharp ridges and crests. The microspores are 36 to 43 micrometers long. Though the leaves seem to bear resemblance to those of I. lacustris, especially the occasionally occurring reddish base, I. occidentali

Isofagomine

Isognathus allamandae is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from Brazil to Venezuela. The wingspan is 68 mm for males and 78 mm for females. It is similar to Isognathus australis but has narrower wings and the forewing upperside is more uniform grey. There is a yellow band running along the inner margin of the forewing upperside. The basal area of the hindwing underside is yellow. There are probably multiple generations per year. Adults have been recorded in June. The larvae have been recorded feeding on Allamanda blanchetii and Allamanda cathartica. Pupation takes place in cocoons spun amongst leaf litter.

Isodrosotherm

In enzymology, an isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.170) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP-glucose + an isoflavone UDP + an isoflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and isoflavone, whereas its two products are UDP and .

Isoetopsis is a genus of Australian flowering plants in the daisy family. There is only one known species, Isoetopsis graminifolia, reported from every state in Australia though not from Northern Territory. Grass-cushion is a common name for this species. The species is listed as threatened in Tasmania.

Isoetopsida

Isoetes engelmannii

Isognomonidae

Isoetes howellii

Isoetes heterospora

(For the tree oyster mushroom, see Pleurotus ostreatus.) Isognomon is a genus of marine bivalve mollusks which is related to the pearl oysters. Isognomon is known in the fossil record from the Permian period to the Quaternary period (age range: 254.0 to 0.012 millions years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found all over the world.

6,8-Dimethoxyumbelliferone; 7-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxychromen-2-one; 7-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxycoumarin

Isoelectric line

The maritime quillwort (Isoëtes maritima) is a quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It is native to Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington State. It bears eight to fifteen dark green, erect, rigid leaves that are each two to five centimeters long and 1.5 millimeters wide. The oval sporangia are small and inconspicuous, measuring at four millimeters long. The velum covers a third to a half of the sporangia. The white microspores are kidney-shaped and 30-36 micrometers long. The white megaspores are spherical and 490-670 micrometers in diameter. It is similar to I. echinospora, but with blunt spines and crests on the megaspores. I. echinospora has sharp, thin spines, though most of the other species in the genus have no megasporal spines. The epithet "maritima" and the common name "maritime

Isogeny theorem

Isogmelinol

Isoelectric focussing

In enzymology, an isoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.150) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a 7-hydroxyisoflavone S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a 7-methoxyisoflavone Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and , whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and .

Isodiapher

Isoflavones are substituted derivatives of isoflavone, a type of naturally occurring isoflavonoids, many of which act as phytoestrogens in mammals. Isoflavones are produced almost exclusively by the members of the Fabaceae (i.e., Leguminosae, or bean) family.

Isodontia exornata

Isofraxidin

Isoetharine mesylate

ISOFOTON was a global company, present in over 60 countries. ISOFOTON was involved in designing, manufacturing, and supplying Solar Energy products. Its activities were centered in three technology categories: Photovoltaic, Thermal, and High Concentration Photovoltaic.

Isognathus

2-Methoxy-4-propenylphenol

Isoetales, sometimes also written Isoëtales, is an order of plants in the class Lycopodiopsida. There are about 140-150 living species, all of which are classified in the genus Isoetes (quillworts), with a cosmopolitan distribution, but often scarce to rare. Living species are mostly aquatic or semi-aquatic, and are found in clear ponds and slowly moving streams. Each leaf is slender and broadens downward to a swollen base up to 5 mm wide where the leaves attach in clusters to a bulb-like, underground corm characteristic of most quillworts. This swollen base also contains male and female sporangia, protected by a thin, transparent covering (), which is used diagnostically to help identify quillwort species. Quillwort species are very difficult to distinguish by general appearance. The best way to identify them is by examining the megaspores under a microscope. All quillworts and their extinct relatives are heterosporous. Some fossil species are very well known, with many stages of development and the life cycle preserved. Two of the best known are the Carboniferous and Cretaceous . Fossilised specimens of Isoetes beestonii have been found in rocks dating to the latest Permian. Quillworts are considered by some to be the last remnant of the fossil tree Lepidodendron with which they share some unusual features including the development of both wood and bark, a modified shoot system acting as roots, bipolar growth, and an upright stance.

Isoflavanes

In Euclidean geometry, the isodynamic points of a triangle are points associated with the triangle, with the properties that an inversion centered at one of these points transforms the given triangle into an equilateral triangle, and that the distances from the isodynamic point to the triangle vertices are inversely proportional to the opposite side lengths of the triangle. Triangles that are similar to each other have isodynamic points in corresponding locations in the plane, so the isodynamic points are triangle centers, and unlike other triangle centers the isodynamic points are also invariant under Möbius transformations. A triangle that is itself equilateral has a unique isodynamic point, at its centroid; every non-equilateral triangle has two isodynamic points. Isodynamic points were

Isoetes butleri, commonly known as limestone quillwort, is a species of plant in the quillwort family, a member of the fern allies. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is scattered and local. It is found almost exclusively on seasonally wet alkaline soils. Common habitats include rocky prairies and glades, most often over limestone. This species is inconspicuous and easily overlooked, due to its superficial similarity to a vegetative grass or sedge. The leaves of Isoetes butleri die back at the end of spring, when its habitat becomes hot and dry. It is then reduced to a below ground corm.

Isoetes melanospora

*Isoetes macrospora ( Durieu ) forma hieroglyphica ( (A.A. Eaton) N. Pfeiff.)

In mathematical economics, an isoelastic function, sometimes constant elasticity function, is a function that exhibits a constant elasticity, i.e. has a constant elasticity coefficient. The elasticity is the ratio of the percentage change in the dependent variable to the percentage causative change in the independent variable, in the limit as the changes approach zero in magnitude. For an elasticity coefficient (which can take on any real value), the function's general form is given by where and are constants. The elasticity is by definition which for this function simply equals r.

Isodrin

Isodynamic Lines

Isoetes lacustris

Isoetes tuckermanii (Tuckerman's quillwort) is a tetraploid species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in shallow water in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and south through the New England states to Maryland. It bears 10 to 45 long bright green to yellow green leaves that are 4 to 25 centimeters long, usually erect, but sometimes recurved. The velum covers one fourth or less of the sporangium, which is usually unspotted, 5 millimeters long, and 3 millimeters wide. The white spherical megaspores are 400 to 650 micrometers in diameter, and bear rough-crested ridges that form a hexagonal honeycomb shape. The kidney shaped microspores are 24 to 33 micrometers long, bearing tubercles. It is very similar to I. macrospora, only reliably distinguishable by cytology or

Isoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase

4-Propenylguaiacol

Isodore Godfrey

Isoetes tegetiformans

Isognathus menechus is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from Cuba to Bolivia, Argentina and Brazil. It is a heavy-bodied species. The upperside of the body and forewings has a bluish-grey cast and the bands on the upperside of the abdomen are well marked. There are probably multiple generations per year. The larvae have been recorded feeding on . They have long tails and are very colourful, suggesting they are unpalatable to birds.

In enzymology, an isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.46) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + an isoflavone S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a 4'-O-methylisoflavone Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and isoflavone, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and .

Isoetes flettii

Isoetes piperi

*Plectranthus sect. Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.)

Isoglosses

Isogesis

Isognathus scyron

*Isoetes macrospora (A.A. Eat.) Pfeiffer)

Isofuran

*Isoetes braunii f. robusta (Englem.) Reed )

Isodora Brachybus

Isoentropic

7-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one

Isognathus excelsior

Isoflavonoids are a class of flavonoid phenolic compounds, many of which are biologically active. Isoflavonoids and their derivatives are sometimes referred to as phytoestrogens, as many isoflavonoid compounds have biological effects via the estrogen receptor. Medically, isoflavonoids and related compounds have been used in many dietary supplements, but the medical and scientific community is generally skeptical of their use. Recently, some natural isoflavonoids have been identified as toxins, including biliatresone which may cause biliary atresia when infants are exposed to the plant product. The isoflavonoid group is broad, and includes many structurally similar groups, including:
* isoflavones
* isoflavonones
* isoflavans
* pterocarpans
* rotenoids Isoflavonoids are derived from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway via liquiritigenin or naringenin.

Isogeny (elliptic curves)

Isoflavonoid biosynthesis

Isodiscodes

Isoetes taiwanensis is a species of plant in the family Isoetaceae. It is endemic to Taiwan, and the only species of quillwort there. As other quillworts, it is relatively small, with erect leaves 7–24 cm (2.8–9.4 in) long. It grows submersed in shallow ponds for most of the year. IUCN considers it critically endangered because of habitat loss.

Isognathus amazonica

Rimosus sphinx

Isodon is a group of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae described as a genus in 1840. It is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World, primarily Asia but two species are from Africa. Many of the species are endemic to China.

Isognathus zebra

Isoentomon sylvicola

Isodulcit

Isoglaucon

Isoetes histrix

* Isoetes echinopsora var. maritima (Underw.) A.A. Eat)

Isognathus leachii

*Isognathus rimosa woodi (Ramsden, 1916)

In economics, the isoelastic function for utility, also known as the isoelastic utility function, or power utility function is used to express utility in terms of consumption or some other economic variable that a decision-maker is concerned with. The isoelastic utility function is a special case of hyperbolic absolute risk aversion and at the same time is the only class of utility functions with constant relative risk aversion, which is why it is also called the CRRA utility function. It is

Isoglossa

In mathematics, an isogeny is a morphism of algebraic groups that is surjective and has a finite kernel. If the groups are abelian varieties, then any morphism f : A → B of the underlying algebraic varieties which is surjective with finite fibres is automatically an isogeny, provided that f(1A) = 1B. Such an isogeny f then provides a group homomorphism between the groups of k-valued points of A and B, for any field k over which f is defined.

Isog

*Isoëtes engelmannii var. caroliniana (Eaton 1900)

Isodurene

Isodiaphers

Isoentomon pumilio

Isoflavone-7-O-b-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase

Isogo-ku, Yokohama

The biosynthesis of isoflavonoids involves several enzymes; These are: Liquiritigenin,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating, aryl migration), also known as Isoflavonoid synthase, is an enzyme that uses liquiritigenin (a flavanone), O2, NADPH and H+ to produce (an isoflavonoid), H2O and NADP+.

Isogenous (disambiguation)

Isoflurophate

Isodon is a group of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae described as a genus in 1840. It is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World, primarily Asia but two species are from Africa. Many of the species are endemic to China. species 1.
* - Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan 2.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 3.
* - Sichuan 4.
* - S China incl. Taiwan 5.
* - Yunnan 6.
* - Japan 7.
* - Assam 8.
* - Bhutan 9.
* - Sichuan 10.
* - Guangdong 11.
* - Yunnan 12.
* - Yunnan 13.
* - Yunnan 14.
* - Sri Lanka 15.
* - China, Tibet, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Indonesia, Philippines 16.
* - Laos 17.
* - Sichuan 18.
* - Nepal 19.
* - Japan 20.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 21.
* - Myanmar, Thailand, SW China 22.
* - Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan 23.
* - Primorye, Korea, Japan, NE China 24.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 25.
* - Guizhou, Yunnan 26.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 27.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 28.
* - Sichuan 29.
* - Guizhou, Sichuan 30.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 31.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 32.
* - Sichuan 33.
* - S China 34.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 35.
* - Bhutan, Assam, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Yunnan, Laos 36.
* - Japan 37.
* - China, Korea, Japan 38.
* - Yunnan 39.
* - Yunnan, Tibet 40.
* - China, Korea, Japan, Primorye, Amur 41.
* - Sikkim 42.
* - Sichuan 43.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 44.
* - Sichuan 45.
* - Sichuan 46.
* - Anhui, Zhejiang, Japan 47.
* - China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina 48.
* - Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan 49.
* - Guangxi 50.
* - S China incl Taiwan 51.
* - Anhui, Jiangsu 52.
* - Sichuan 53.
* - Myanmar, Thailand 54.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 55.
* - Arunachal Pradesh, Yunnan, Bhutan, Assam, Bangladesh 56.
* - Sichuan 57.
* - Sichuan 58.
* - Guangxi, Guangdidong, Sichuan 59.
* - Nepal 60.
* - SE + SW China 61.
* - S India, Sri Lanka 62.
* - S India 63.
* - Japan 64.
* - Yunnan 65.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 66.
* - Yunnan 67.
* - Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet 68.
* - Sichuan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan 69.
* - Nepal 70.
* - Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan 71.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 72.
* - Yunnan 73.
* - Hubei, Sichuan, Thailand 74.
* - tropical Africa 75.
* - Himalayas 76.
* - S India 77.
* - Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan 78.
* - S + C China 79.
* - Yunnan 80.
* - Oman, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh 81.
* - East Africa from Ethiopia to Uganda 82.
* - Yunnan 83.
* - Himalayas 84.
* - Himalayas, S China, Vietnam 85.
* - Sichuan 86.
* - China, Korea, Primorye 87.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 88.
* - Japan 89.
* - Tibet 90.
* - Sichuan, Tibet 91.
* - Japan 92.
* - Sichuan, Yunnan 93.
* - Saudi Arabia, Himalayas, S China 94.
* - Thailand, Indonesia 95.
* - Japan 96.
* - Japan 97.
* - Japan 98.
* - Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, S China 99.
* - Tibet 100.
* - Liaoning 101.
* - Yunnan 102.
* - S India 103.
* - Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan 104.
* - Yunnan 105.
* - Sichuan, Tibet

Isoelastic function

Isognomon alatus, the flat tree oyster, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Isognomonidae. It can be found along the Atlantic coast of North America, ranging from southern Florida to Brazil and Bermuda.

Isofluorphate

Isoetes butleri

Isoelectric Point

Isoetes eatonii

Isodont

Isognathus leachii is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from southern Panama and from Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia and Argentina. The wingspan is about 85 mm for males and 94 mm for females. There are indistinct bands on the upperside of the abdomen and an elongate patch on the forewing upperside. The inner edge of the dark brown marginal band of the hindwing upperside is distinctly and almost regularly dentate and not constant in width. There are probably multiple generations per year.

Isoelectric Ph

Isoetales, sometimes also written Isoëtales, is an order of plants in the class Lycopodiopsida. There are about 140-150 living species, all of which are classified in the genus Isoetes (quillworts), with a cosmopolitan distribution, but often scarce to rare. Living species are mostly aquatic or semi-aquatic, and are found in clear ponds and slowly moving streams. Each leaf is slender and broadens downward to a swollen base up to 5 mm wide where the leaves attach in clusters to a bulb-like, underground corm characteristic of most quillworts. This swollen base also contains male and female sporangia, protected by a thin, transparent covering (), which is used diagnostically to help identify quillwort species. Quillwort species are very difficult to distinguish by general appearance. The best

*Isoetes echinospora var. robusta (Engelm. )

Isoen

Isoetes acadiensis

In enzymology, an isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.170) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP-glucose + an isoflavone UDP + an isoflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and isoflavone, whereas its two products are UDP and . This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:isoflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoglucose-isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase, UDPglucose-favonoid 7-O-glucosyltransferase, and UDPglucose:isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase. This enzyme participates in isoflavonoid biosynthesis.

Isoenthalpic-isobaric ensemble

Isodontosaurus

Isogenous group

Hesperetate

In enzymology, an isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.52) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction formononetin + NADPH + H+ + O2 calycosin + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are formononetin, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are calycosin, NADP+, and H2O.

Isoetes occidentalis (western quillwort) is a species of quillwort in the Isoetaceae family. It can be found in aquatic habitats of coastal Alaska and British Columbia south to California and Colorado. It is frequently found on Vancouver Island and around the Fraser Valley region. It bears 10 to 30 or more rigid, dark green leaves, each 5 to 20 centimeters long. The velum covers one fourth to one third of the orbicular sporangium, which is 5 to 6 millimeters in diameter. The ligule is shaped like a shortened triangle. The white megaspores are 500 to 700 micrometers in diameter and bear sharp ridges and crests. The microspores are 36 to 43 micrometers long. Though the leaves seem to bear resemblance to those of I. lacustris, especially the occasionally occurring reddish base, I. occidentalis is a hexaploid and I. lacustris is a decaploid.

Isoentomon pumiliodes

Isoetes melanospora, commonly known as black-spored quillwort or black-spored Merlin's grass, is a rare and endangered aquatic pteridophyte endemic to the U.S. states of Georgia and South Carolina. It grows exclusively in shallow, temporary pools on granite outcrops, often with only 2 cm of soil. 11 populations are known to exist in Georgia, while only one has been recorded in South Carolina, though this population is believed to be extirpated. The number of sites has dropped from 18 following its discovery due to habitat destruction caused by quarrying, trash dumping and trampling. New leaves quickly sprout after fall and winter rains, but during the dry summer months these typically shrivel.

The Louisiana quillwort (Isoetes louisianensis) is a small, grass-like aquatic plant of the family Isoetaceae. It is "one of the rarest quillworts in North America." It occurs in only five locations in St. Tammany and Washington Parishes of Louisiana and some spots in southern Mississippi (United States). It is federally listed as an endangered species, partly due to its highly restricted range. Distinctive characteristics of this species include brown-spotted sporangial walls and megaspores with highly reticulate ridges, producing a spiny effect. The leaves are up to 40 cm long.

isoglobotriasyl ceramide

Isogeometric

Isoflavone,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (2'-hydroxylating)

An isodesmic reaction is a chemical reaction in which the type of chemical bonds broken in the reactant are the same as the type of bonds formed in the reaction product. This type of reaction is often used as a hypothetical reaction in thermochemistry. An example of an isodesmic reaction is CH3− + CH3X → CH4 + CH2X− (1)X = F, Cl, Br, I Equation 1 describes the deprotonation of a methyl halide by a methyl anion. The energy change associated with this exothermic reaction which can be calculated in silico increases going from fluorine to chlorine to bromine and iodine making the CH2I− anion the most stable and least basic of all the halides. Although this reaction is isodesmic the energy change in this example also depends on the difference in bond energy of the C-X bond in the base and conjugate acid. In other cases, the difference may be due to steric strain. This difference is small in fluorine but large in iodine (in favor of the anion) and therefore the energy trend is as described despite the fact that C-F bonds are stronger than C-I bonds. The related term homodesmotic reaction also takes into account orbital hybridization and in addition there is no change in the number of carbon to hydrogen bonds.

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-propenylbenzene

Isoetharine hydrochloride

Isofluorane

Isogomphodon

Isoetes maritima

Isognathus australis is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from north-eastern Brazil. The wingspan is 70 mm for males. It is similar to Isognathus rimosa rimosa and Isognathus rimosa papayae but has narrower wings. The forewing upperside is unicolorous brown, shaded with white, except for a yellow band along the posterior margin and the faint traces of a distal marginal band. The basal area of the hindwing underside is yellow, the rest is brown with a bluish tinge, becoming black towards the anal angle. There are probably multiple generations per year. Adults have been recorded in January. The larvae have been recorded feeding on Plumeria species. Pupation takes place in cocoons spun amongst leaf litter.

Isoflav Base

Isoetes louisianensis

Isognathus mossi

Isoglossa woodii

Isogenic

Isoetes toximontana

Isoestragole

Isoetes gravesii

Isoflurane, sold under the trade name Forane among others, is a general anesthetic. It can be used to start or maintain anesthesia. Often another medication is used to start anesthesia due to airway irritation with isoflurane. It is used by inhalation. Isoflurane was approved for medical use in the United States in 1979. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about US$17.24–170.40 per 250 ml bottle.

Isoenzyme

The biosynthesis of isoflavonoids involves several enzymes; These are: Liquiritigenin,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating, aryl migration), also known as Isoflavonoid synthase, is an enzyme that uses liquiritigenin (a flavanone), O2, NADPH and H+ to produce (an isoflavonoid), H2O and NADP+.
* Biochanin-A reductase
* Flavone synthase
* 2'-hydroxydaidzein reductase
* 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase
* 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase
* Isoflavone 4'-O-methyltransferase
* Isoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase
* Isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase
* Isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase
* Isoflavone-7-O-beta-glucoside 6"-O-malonyltransferase
* Isoflavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase
* 4'-methoxyisoflavone 2'-hydroxylase

3-(3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylic acid

Isoform

*Calamaria melanospora (Engelm.) Kuntze)

Isodin

Isognomon alatus