Imperial apollo

Imperial reservoir (texas)

Imperial castle of Berwartstein

An imperial guard or palace guard is a special group of troops (or a member thereof) of an empire, typically closely associated directly with the Emperor or Empress. Usually these troops embody a more elite status than other imperial forces, including the regular armed forces, and maintain special rights, privileges and traditions. Because the head of state often wishes to be protected by the best soldiers available, their numbers and organisation may be expanded to carry out additional tasks. Napoleon's Imperial Guard is an example of this. In heterogeneous polities reliant on a greater degree of coercion to maintain central authority the political reliability and loyalty of the guard is the most important factor in their recruitment. In such cases the ranks of the guard may be filled with on the one hand Royal kinsman and clansman with a stake in the survival of the ruling family, and on the other with members socially and culturally divorced from the general population and therefore reliant on Imperial patronage for their survival, for example the Varangian Guards (recruiting solely foreigners), and the Janissaries (Christian children taken as slaves from childhood, to serve the Sultan). In the post-colonial period, the term has been used colloquially and derisively to describe the staff of a person, usually a politician or corporate executive officer, that acts to prevent direct communication with the person.

Imperial and U.S. customary measurement systems

Imperial Young Federation

The Imperial distillery was a producer of single malt Scotch whisky located in Carron, Speyside that operated sporadically between 1897 and 1998. Imperial was mothballed and reopened several times in its hundred-year history. The only official bottling was a 15-year expression, released in the mid 1990s. The distillery was demolished in 2013 and a new distillery, Dalmunach, established on the site in 2015.

Imperial civil service examination

Imperial and Royal Majesty (style)

The K.u.k. Military Administration in Serbia (German: K.u.k. Militärverwaltung in Serbien) was the Austro-Hungarian military administration in the Kingdom of Serbia from 1915 to 1918. It was formed by the Central Powers during World War I. Serbia was conquered over the course of 1915 and later in the year Austro-Hungarian officials established both military and civilian administrations. The first governor Croat Johan Salis-Seewis took office at the start of 1916.

The Ottoman Empire used anthems since its foundation in the late 13th century, but did not use a specific imperial or national anthem until the 19th century. During the reign of Mahmud II, when the military and imperial band were re-organized along Western lines, Giuseppe Donizetti was invited to head the process. Donizetti Pasha, as he was known in the Ottoman Empire, composed the first Western-style imperial anthem, the Mahmudiye Marşı. Only the Hamidiye Marşı and Reşadiye Marşı have lyrics, the first three anthems being instrumental.

Imperial Woman is a novel by Pearl S. Buck first published in 1956. Imperial Woman is a fictionalized biography of Empress Dowager Cixi (Tz'u Hsi in Wade–Giles), who was a concubine of the Xianfeng Emperor and on his death became the de facto head of the Qing dynasty until her death in 1908 (before which the novel ends).

Imperial blue

In medieval times, imperial roads (German: Reichsstraße) were designated routes in the Holy Roman Empire that afforded protection to travellers in return for tolls collected for the emperor. The Reichsstraße came under royal jurisdiction (Königsbann) and travellers were afforded the protection of the Landfrieden, a law that was supposed to ensure peace and unhindered passage similar to the Queen's peace. From the 10th century it was also extended to bridges and ferries. Under King Henry I of Germany the term Reichsstrasse (des riches strâze in Middle High German) was used for the first time as a translation of strata imperialis. According to Charlemagne's legislation, based on Gallic public law, the maintenance of roads, the responsibility for transport infrastructure and security were part of the duties and privileges of the king, his "regalia". In return the king received the taxes. He invested the territorial rulers through whose lordships the roads ran, with the execution of these duties. A safe-conduct letter (tote Geleit) or an armed escort (lebende Geleit), ensured the safety of the travellers. The escort was provided on specified occasions, of which travelling to the election and coronation of Roman-German kings and emperors was the most important, whereas travelling to trade fairs and markets were the most common. Important imperial roads were the north-south Via Imperii and the east-west Via Regia meeting at Leipzig, as well as the from the Imperial city of Nuremberg to Prague established by Emperor Charles IV, the Hellweg, the and Italian Way/Via Francigena.

Imperial consorts of Tang China

The Imperial Yeomanry was a volunteer mounted force of the British Army that mainly saw action during the Second Boer War. Created on 2 January 1900, the force was initially recruited from the middle classes and traditional yeomanry sources, but subsequent contingents were more significantly working class in their composition. The existing yeomanry regiments contributed only a small proportion of the total Imperial Yeomanry establishment. In Ireland 120 men were recruited in February 1900. It was officially disbanded in 1908, with individual Yeomanry regiments incorporated into the new Territorial Force.

Imperial power

Imperial Zhen Concubine

Imperial regalia

The Imperial and Royal Academy (French: Académie impériale et royale de Bruxelles; Dutch: Keizerlijke en koninklijke academie van Brussel) was founded in Brussels by letters patent of the Empress Maria Theresa dated 16 December 1772 , to promote the study of science and literature (in the broadest senses of both words). The sessions of the academy were to take place in the Royal Library in Brussels, which at the same time became an institution open to the public. The first session was held on 13 April 1773. The first director of the Academy was an Englishman, John Needham FRS. The Dutch grammarian was secretary. Members were encouraged to write "dissertations" on particular topics or questions. The impact of this practice on the writing of history was to encourage discussion of technical and historiographical problems, rather than an antiquarian approach to uncovering the past. In 1794 the academy was closed down by the French Revolutionaries who had taken power in Brussels.

Imperial dragons

Imperial measuring system

Imperial honours

Imperial reservoir

Imperial election, March 1198

Imperial consort Chun Hui

The imperial pheasant (Lophura × imperialis) is a dark blue, medium-sized, up to 75 cm long pheasant with bare red facial skin, blue crest, crimson legs and glossy plumage. The female is brown with erectile short feather crest, blackish tail and primaries. The imperial pheasant is found in the forests of Vietnam and Laos. Its appearance resembles another of Vietnam's enigmatic birds, the Vietnamese pheasant, but it is larger in size, has a longer tail, and an all dark blue crest and tail feathers. The latter species has a white crest and central tail feathers.

An Imperial and Royal Warrant of Appointment during the Austro-Hungarian Empire was issued to vendors who supplied goods or services to the Austrian imperial court in Vienna and/or the Hungarian royal court in Budapest. The warrant was normally an official document, which enabled the supplier to advertise the fact and thus lend itself prestige. The warrant was initially given to the owners of a company or a tradeperson, not the company itself. Only later were entire companies given the warrant.

Imperial monarch

Imperial consorts of Tang China are organized in eight or nine ranks, in addition to the empress. They are also called the "inner officials" (內官), as opposed to "palace officials" (宮官), the bureaucracy. In 662, the titles were temporarily changed to be devoid of feminine and superficial quality. This seemingly feminist change was reverted in the twelfth month of 670. The rationales were not explained in official records in both instances. However, some scholars have speculated it to be the suggestion of Empress Wu to her husband. For later history, see Ranks of imperial consorts in China.

Imperial election of 1411

Imperial provinces

Imperial election, 1273

Imperial election of 1575

Imperial election of 1440

Imperial election of 1711

The imperial coat of arms of the Central African Empire consists of a shield in the centre, with two flags on its edges, and with a sun rising over the shield, with an imperial eagle in the centre. With the imperial crown of Bokassa I above, below and above the shield are banners, and there is a medal located below the shield as well.

Imperial dungeon ship

Imperial election, August 1400

The imperial hunt of the Qing dynasty was an annual rite of the emperors of China during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). It was first organized in 1681 by the Kangxi Emperor at the imperial hunting grounds at Mulan (modern-day Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County, near what would become the summer residence of the Qing emperors at Chengde. Starting in 1683 the event was held annually at Mulan during the autumn, lasting up to a month. The Qing dynasty hunt was a synthesis of earlier Chinese and Inner Asian hunting traditions, particularly those of the Manchus and Mongols. The emperor himself participated in the hunt, along with thousands of soldiers, imperial family members, and government officials.

Imperial priory

Imperial Wharf overground station

Imperial presidency

Imperial election, 1745

Imperial palace

Imperial election, June 1198

The Imperial Plan of 1870 was a diplomatic initiative set out by the Prussian Minister President and Federal Chancellor of the North German Confederation, Otto von Bismarck. Accordingly, the Prussian King was able to assume the title of Emperor.

The imperial amazon (Amazona imperialis) or Dominican amazon, also known as the sisserou, is a parrot found only on the Caribbean island of Dominica. It has been designated as the national bird of Dominica.

Imperial election of 1792

Imperial absolutism

The Imperial and Royal Academy (French: Académie impériale et royale de Bruxelles; Dutch: Keizerlijke en koninklijke academie van Brussel) was founded in Brussels by letters patent of the Empress Maria Theresa dated 16 December 1772 , to promote the study of science and literature (in the broadest senses of both words). The sessions of the academy were to take place in the Royal Library in Brussels, which at the same time became an institution open to the public. The first session was held on 13 April 1773.

Imperial purple

Imperial election, 1531

Imperial government (Ottoman Empire)

Imperial embassies to China

Imperial castle of Nuremberg

Imperial camel corps

Imperial War Museum London

Imperial measurement

Imperial election of 1690

Imperial commissar

Imperial moth

Imperial fishing lodge

Imperial election, 1438

Imperial fleet

Imperial Wire Gauge & British Standard Gauge

Imperial election, September 1410

Imperial porter

Imperial fritillary

Imperial civil service examinations

Imperial cameral court

Imperial examination in Chinese mythology

Imperial election, 1658

Imperial War Museums

Imperial diptych

Imperial ban

Imperial overreach

Imperial cormorant

Imperial and Royal Infantry

Imperial overstretch, also known as Imperial overreach, is a hypothesis which suggests that an empire can extend itself beyond its ability to maintain or expand its military and economic commitments. Arguably, this was true of the Roman Empire, which was strong and effective in the first and early second centuries CE, despite a few setbacks (Germany in 9CE; Scotland in the 80s CE) but lost territories (e.g. Dacia and Mesopotamia) after that and could not keep the Saxons, Huns and other 'barbarians' out in the 4th and 5th centuries.

Imperial landing craft

Imperial honours system

The arm of the Common Army of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy that was usually called the Imperial and Royal Infantry (German: k.u.k. Infanterie) comprised two elements:
* the German regiments that recruited from those kingdoms and lands represented in the Austrian Reichsrat (the territory known as Cisleithania)
* the Hungarian regiments, whose personnel came from Hungary and those territories claimed by Hungary in Romania (i.e. Transylvania and Banat), parts of Croatia and Serbia, as well that region of Slovakia known then as Upper Hungary, the so-called lands of the Hungarian crown (also known as Transleithania).

Imperial measurements

Imperial castle

Imperial rivalry

Imperial preference

Imperial hairstreak

Imperial court (Holy Roman Empire)

Imperial box

The imperial ban (German: Reichsacht) was a form of outlawry in the Holy Roman Empire. At different times, it could be declared by the Holy Roman Emperor, by the Imperial Diet, or by courts like the League of the Holy Court (Vehmgericht) or the Reichskammergericht. People under imperial ban, known as Geächtete (from about the 17th century, colloquially also as Vogelfreierei, lit. "free as a bird"), lost all their rights and possessions. They were legally considered dead, and anyone was allowed to rob, injure or kill them without legal consequences. The imperial ban automatically followed the excommunication of a person, as well as extending to anyone offering help to a person under the imperial ban. Those banned could reverse the ban by submitting to the legal authority. The Aberacht, a stronger version of the imperial ban, could not be reversed. The imperial ban was sometimes imposed on whole Imperial Estates. In that case, other estates could attack and seek to conquer them. The effect of the ban on a city or other Estate was that it lost its Imperial immediacy and in the future would have a second overlord in addition to the emperor. Famous people placed under the imperial ban included:
* 1180 Henry the Lion, for refusing military support to Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor against the cities of the Lombard League.
* 1225 Count Frederick of Isenberg, for killing his uncle Engelbert II of Berg, Archbishop of Cologne.
* 1235 King Henry (VII) of Germany, for his rebellion against his father the Emperor Frederick II.
* 1276 King Ottokar II of Bohemia, for his capture of imperial lands from Rudolph I.
* 1309 John Parricida, for the murder of his uncle King Albert I of Germany.
* 1415 Frederick IV, Duke of Austria for aiding the flight of Antipope John XXIII from the Council of Constance.
* 1512 and 1518 Götz von Berlichingen, the first time for robbery, the second for kidnapping.
* 1521 Martin Luther and his supporters, for spreading heretic beliefs and for splitting the church.
* 1546 John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony and Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, for leading the Schmalkaldic League.
* 1566 Wilhelm von Grumbach, for insurgency.
* 1621 Frederick V, Elector Palatine, and his supporters Prince Christian I of Anhalt-Bernburg and Georg Friedrich of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein-Weikersheim, for seizing power in Bohemia.
* 1706 Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, and Joseph Clemens, Elector of Cologne, for supporting France in the War of the Spanish Succession (ban reversed in 1714)
* 1793 Georg Forster, for collaboration with the French Republic. The imperial ban imposed by the Emperor Rudolf II on the city of Donauwörth after an anti-Catholic riot was one of the incidents leading to the Thirty Years' War.

Imperial is a brand of margarine distributed by Unilever. It is best remembered for television commercials in which a person who recently ate something with Imperial margarine would suddenly have a crown appear on their head (accompanied by a four note fanfare).

Imperial Lemon
The Imperial lemon is thought to be a lemon and grapefruit hybrid. Its fruit is slightly larger than a lemon and has a more rounded shape.

Imperial and Royal Military Administration in Serbia

Imperial rescript on education

Imperial college chemical engineering

Imperial count

Imperial division of Prüm

The Ottoman Empire used anthems since its foundation in the late 13th century, but did not use a specific imperial or national anthem until the 19th century. During the reign of Mahmud II, when the military and imperial band were re-organized along Western lines, Giuseppe Donizetti was invited to head the process. Donizetti Pasha, as he was known in the Ottoman Empire, composed the first Western-style imperial anthem, the Mahmudiye Marşı. Like in many other monarchies of its time, the anthem of the Ottoman Empire was an imperial anthem, not a national one. Hence it paid homage to a specific ruler and a new anthem was composed at each imperial succession. However, in 1844, with the Tanzimat reforms, the Mecidiye Marşı was recognized as the first official Ottoman national anthem. The first official Ottoman national flag (which was in essence identical to the present-day Turkish flag) was also adopted in 1844.
* Mahmudiye Marşı, March of Mahmud – for Mahmud II (1808–1839 / 1918–1922), by Giuseppe Donizetti
* Mecidiye Marşı, March of Abdülmecid – for Abdulmejid I (1839–1861), by Giuseppe Donizetti
* Aziziye Marşı, March of Abdülaziz – for Abdülaziz (1861–1876), by Callisto Guatelli
* Hamidiye Marşı, March of Abdulhamid – for Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909), by Necip Ahmed Pasha
* Reşadiye Marşı, March of Mehmed Resad – for Mehmed V (1909–1918), by Italo Selvelli After the start of the imperial anthem tradition, two Sultans did not have specific anthems composed. The first is Murad V, who reigned for 3 months in 1876 and the second is the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, who used the Mahmudiye Marşı anthem. Only the Hamidiye Marşı and Reşadiye Marşı have lyrics, the first three anthems being instrumental.

Imperial Woman

Imperial cities

Imperial rescript of surrender

The Imperial law regarding the introduction of a war and civil ensign (German: Reichsgesetz betreffend die Einführung einer deutschen Kriegs- und Handelsflagge) was an imperial law of the revolutionary German Empire of 1848. It describes the colours black-red-gold and the usage of a general German imperial flag and a war ensign for the Imperial Fleet.

Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops

Imperial cult of ancient Rome

Imperial preceptor

Imperial court

Imperial election, 1486

Imperial oatmeal stout

Imperial family of Japan

Imperial flower loach

Imperial War Museum Act 1955

Imperial election of 1653

Imperial Youth Corps

Imperial diet

Imperial and Royal Army of the Austrian Empire during the Napoleonic Wars

Imperial Young Corps

Together with the Dragoons and Hussars, the Imperial and Royal Uhlans (German: k.u.k. Ulanen), made up the cavalry of the Austro-Hungarian Army from 1867 to 1918, both in the Common Army and in the Austrian Landwehr, where they were known as the Imperial-Royal Landwehr Uhlans (k.k. Landwehr-Ulanen). The Austrian monarchy, weakened by the losing the war against Prussia in 1866, had to effectively guarantee the autonomy of Kingdom of Hungary in the so-called Compromise of 15 March 1867. As a result, the Hungarian half of the Empire immediately began to establish its own army, the Royal Hungarian Landwehr (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség). Following the signing of the Compromise, the Austrian half of the Empire also started to build an army, the Imperial-Royal Landwehr (German: k.k. Landwehr). The two new Landwehr forces thus existed alongside the Common Army (Gemeinsame Armee), the imperial army of the whole Empire. In effect this meant that Austria-Hungary had three separate armies at the same time.

Together with the Hussars and Uhlans, the Imperial and Royal Dragoons (German: k.u.k. Dragoner) made up the cavalry of the Austro-Hungarian Army from 1867 to 1914. After 1867, Austria-Hungary had de facto three armies at the same time. This unique situation arose because the monarchy had been weakened by the losing the war against Prussia, and consequently had, in effect, to guarantee the autonomy of Kingdom of Hungary in the so-called Compromise of 15 March 1867. This led the Hungarian half of the Empire to immediately begin establishing its own army: the Royal Hungarian Honved (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség). In response, the Cisleithanian half of the Empire also began to build its own army, the Imperial-Royal Landwehr. These two new forces thus existed alongside the Common Army (G

Imperial election of 1742

Imperial palaces

Imperial gauge

Imperial nautical mile

Imperial immediacy

Imperial election of 1531

Imperial and Royal Uhlans

Imperial counts

Imperial life in the emerald city

Imperial estate

Imperial gazetteer

Imperial election of 1273

Imperial immediacy (German: Reichsfreiheit or Reichsunmittelbarkeit) was a privileged constitutional and political status rooted in German feudal law under which the Imperial estates of the Holy Roman Empire such as Imperial cities, prince-bishoprics and secular principalities, and individuals such as the Imperial knights, were declared free from the authority of any local lord and placed under the direct ("immediate", in the sense of "without an intermediary") authority of the Emperor, and later of the institutions of the Empire such as the Diet (Reichstag), the Imperial Chamber of Justice and the Aulic Council. The granting of immediacy began in the Early Middle Ages, and for the immediate bishops, abbots and cities, then the main beneficiaries of that status, immediacy could be exacting and often meant being subjected to the fiscal, military and hospitality demands of their overlord, the Emperor. However, with the gradual exit of the Emperor from the centre stage from the mid-13th century onwards, holders of imperial immediacy eventually found themselves vested with considerable rights and powers previously exercised by the emperor. As confirmed by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the possession of imperial immediacy came with a particular form of territorial authority known as territorial superiority (Landeshoheit or superioritas territorialis in German and Latin documents of the time). In today's terms, it would be understood as a limited form of sovereignty.

Imperial encyclopedia of the T'ai-p'ing hsing-kuo era

Imperial election of 1438

Imperial election, 1690

Imperial family

The imperial hunt of the Qing dynasty was an annual rite of the emperors of China during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911). It was first organized in 1681 by the Kangxi Emperor at the imperial hunting grounds at Mulan (modern-day Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County, near what would become the summer residence of the Qing emperors at Chengde. Starting in 1683 the event was held annually at Mulan during the autumn, lasting up to a month. The Qing dynasty hunt was a synthesis of earlier Chinese and Inner Asian hunting traditions, particularly those of the Manchus and Mongols. The emperor himself participated in the hunt, along with thousands of soldiers, imperial family members, and government officials. The Manchu emperors of the Qing dynasty used the hunt as a military exercise to train their troops in the traditional martial skills of archery and horsemanship. The hunt was also a bonding ritual intended to emphasize the shared Inner Asian martial traditions of the Manchu and Mongol soldiers of the Eight Banners who were selected to participate (Han Chinese troops were excluded from the hunt). The event provided an opportunity for Qing emperors to leave the confines of the Forbidden City in Beijing and return to the forests "north of the wall", closer to their ancestral homelands, where they could hunt and live as their ancestors did. As the Manchus grew accustomed to living in Chinese cities, Qing emperors expanded and ritualized the imperial hunt as a sort of invented tradition, using it to preserve the traditional Manchu way of life. The Qianlong Emperor made it a key element of his effort to halt the steady decline of military discipline within the Eight Banners during his reign. Each year, for the duration of the hunt, Mulan served as a temporary capital and a venue for diplomatic activities. The Qianlong Emperor required the leaders of Inner Asian tributary states to join in the hunt on a rotating basis, and he frequently received foreign emissaries there rather than in the imperial palace at Beijing. To facilitate the continued operation of the imperial government in the emperor's absence, many government officials accompanied the emperor to Mulan, where they lived and worked in a tent city replicating the layout of the Forbidden City, exchanging correspondence regularly with Beijing and Chengde. Altogether, the Kangxi, Qianlong, and Jiaqing Emperors participated in 91 hunts during their reigns. As an important element of Qing military culture, and an embodiment of Manchu identity, the Qing imperial hunt featured regularly in the official artwork and poetry of the Qing dynasty. It was the subject of several paintings by Giuseppe Castiglione, the Italian Jesuit who served as a court painter to Qianlong. Images of the hunt, much like images commemorating victories in battle and other military subjects, were regularly commissioned by the imperial court as a form of propaganda, portraying Qing emperors as exemplars of traditional martial (wu) values.

The Imperial Yeomanry Long Service Medal was a long service medal awarded by the United Kingdom. It is no longer awarded.

Imperial and Royal Majesty (His/Her Imperial and Royal Majesty, abbreviated as HI&RM) was the style used by King-Emperors and their consorts as heads of imperial dynasties that were simultaneously royal. The style was notably used by the Emperor of Austria (who was also the King of Hungary and Bohemia) and by the German Emperor (who was also the King of Prussia). The Austrian and Bohemian monarchies were abolished in 1918 while the vacant throne of Hungary continued to exist until the 1940s.

Imperial rescript for surrender

Imperial exams

Imperial palace tokyo

Imperial election, 1575

Imperial foot

Imperial and Royal Highness (abbreviation HI&RH) is a style possessed by someone who either through birth or marriage holds two individual styles, Imperial Highness and Royal Highness. His/Her Imperial Highness is a style used by members of an imperial family to denote imperial – as opposed to royal – status to show that the holder is descended from an Emperor rather than a King. Holders of the style Imperial Highness generally rank above holders of the style Royal Highness

Imperial election of 1764

Imperial overstretch, also known as Imperial overreach, is a hypothesis which suggests that an empire can extend itself beyond its ability to maintain or expand its military and economic commitments. Arguably, this was true of the Roman Empire, which was strong and effective in the first and early second centuries CE, despite a few setbacks (Germany in 9CE; Scotland in the 80s CE) but lost territories (e.g. Dacia and Mesopotamia) after that and could not keep the Saxons, Huns and other 'barbarians' out in the 4th and 5th centuries. Clearly, this was true of the Napoleonic Empire, which made rapid gains by conquest in the first decade after Napoleon became dictator of France, but became over-extended militarily when it attempted to conquer Russia in 1812. Likewise the German reich in 1942. The idea was popularised by Yale University historian Paul Kennedy in his 1987 book The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers.

Imperial despotism

Imperial government

Imperial election, October 1410

Imperial chaplain

Imperial consort Zhuang Shun

Imperial barony

The imperial cities of Morocco are the four historical capital cities of Morocco: Fez, Marrakesh, Meknes and Rabat. Rabat is the current capital of Morocco.

The Imperial War Museum stamp collection is a collection of postage stamps issued during, or associated with, the First World War that is on loan from the Imperial War Museum to the British Library philatelic collections. The collection is rich in material from the former Ottoman Empire.

Imperial parrot

Imperial drag

Imperial castle of Münzenberg

Imperial election, 1562

Imperial military campaign

Imperial crown jewels of persia

Imperial cave salamander

Imperial Yeomanry Long Service Medal

Imperial and Royal Dragoons

Imperial election, 1790

Imperial chemical engineering

Imperial castle of Trifels

Imperial church

Imperial dragon

Imperial measures

Imperial election of 1612

Imperial insignia

Imperial court of China

Imperial election of 1519

Imperial cities of Morocco

Imperial and United States customary measurement systems

Imperial election of 1636

Imperial de São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro

Imperial ancestral temple

Imperial mosque

Imperial Windsor

Imperial chrysanthemum

Imperial Yeomanry

Imperial and Royal Ministry of War

Imperial guardian lions

The imperial blackfish, Schedophilus ovalis, is a medusafish of the family Centrolophidae found in the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, and occasionally off the coast of South Africa at depths of between 70 and 700 m. In its juvenile stage it is often found finding shelter amongst of the tentacles of the Portuguese man o' war. Its length is up to 100 cm.

Imperial election of 1619

Imperial encyclopedia of the T’ai-p’ing hsing-kuo era

Imperial conference

Imperial overstretch

An imperial castle or Reichsburg was a castle built by order of the Holy Roman Emperor, whose management was entrusted to Reichsministeriales or Burgmannen. It is not possible to identify a clear distinction between imperial castles and the fortified imperial palaces or Pfalzen, because many imperial castles were used by German kings for temporary stays. A large number of imperial castles were built in regions such as Swabia, Franconia, the Palatinate and the Alsace, where there were a high density of imperial estates (Reichsgüter) during the Hohenstaufen era.

Imperial de Sao Cristovao, Rio de Janeiro

Imperial dynasty

Imperial and Royal

Imperial lemon

Imperial War Museum stamp collection

Imperial forest

The Imperial helmet-type was a type of helmet worn by Roman legionaries. Prior to the Empire, Roman Republican soldiers often provided their own equipment, which was passed down from father to son. Thus a variety of equipment, from different eras was present in the ranks. Even as the professional Imperial Army emerged, and short-term service citizen soldiers became rare, useful equipment was never discarded. So when the improved Imperial helmet appeared, it replaced what remained of the very old Coolus type, which was largely superseded at the time by improved versions of the Montefortino helmet type which continued to serve alongside it for a time. This constituted the final evolutionary stage of the legionary helmet (galea).

Imperial consort

Imperial reform

An Imperial Crown is a crown used for the coronation of emperors.

Imperial circles

An imperial guard or palace guard is a special group of troops (or a member thereof) of an empire, typically closely associated directly with the Emperor or Empress. Usually these troops embody a more elite status than other imperial forces, including the regular armed forces, and maintain special rights, privileges and traditions. Because the head of state often wishes to be protected by the best soldiers available, their numbers and organisation may be expanded to carry out additional tasks. Napoleon's Imperial Guard is an example of this.

Imperial election of 1658

Imperial f.f.r.r. is the sixth studio album by Washington, D.C. indie rock band Unrest, released in March 16, 1992 by No.6 Records and TeenBeat Records.

Imperial prince

Imperial election of 1486

Imperial cult (Roman Empire)

The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China designed to select the best potential candidates to serve as administrative officials, for the purpose of recruiting them for the state's bureaucracy. With the avowed purpose of testing and selecting candidates for merit, the examination system markedly influenced various aspects of society and culture in Imperial China, including Chinese mythology. The imperial civil service examinations were designed as objective measures to evaluate the educational attainment and merit of the examinees, as part of the process by which to make selections and appointments to various offices within the structure of the government of the Chinese empire, or, sometimes, during periods of Chinese national disunion, of offices within the various states. During more recent historical times, successful candidates could receive the jinshi (chin-shih), and other degrees, generally followed by assignment to specific offices, with higher level degrees and competitive ranking within the degrees tending to lead to higher ranking placements in the imperial government service. The examination system developed largely in response to religious and philosophical ideas about ideal social order. Also, traditional Chinese religion and philosophy responded to concerns about the examination system. Both processes were intimately bound together with a literary system and other traditions which had a relative continuity of several thousand years. The actual examination process developed together with various related philosophical, religious, and narrative concepts to produce a distinct mythological motif.

Imperial fairywren

Imperial and Royal Highness (abbreviation HI&RH) is a style possessed by someone who either through birth or marriage holds two individual styles, Imperial Highness and Royal Highness. His/Her Imperial Highness is a style used by members of an imperial family to denote imperial – as opposed to royal – status to show that the holder is descended from an Emperor rather than a King. Holders of the style Imperial Highness generally rank above holders of the style Royal Highness A primary example of the contemporary usage of this style is the Belgian Royal Family. HI&RH Lorenz, Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince of Belgium is a member of the Imperial House of Habsburg-Lorraine by birth, but upon his marriage to HRH Princess Astrid of Belgium, he also became a member of the Belgian Royal Family by marriage. As such, their children currently use the styles HI&RH as members of both the Royal family of Belgium and the Imperial House of Habsburg-Lorraine.

Imperial Wharf tube station

Imperial examination system

Imperial and Royal Army during the Napoleonic Wars

Imperial memorial

Imperial law regarding the introduction of a German war and civil ensign

Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty

Imperial grand Inquisitor

Imperial election, 1742

Imperial pragmatic sanction

Imperial Youth Federation

Imperial blackfish

Imperial and Royal Landwehr

Imperial free cities

An imperial church is a church associated with an empire. The first such church was the state church of the Roman Empire, as patronized and largely controlled by the Roman Emperors from the time of the transfer of the seat of government to Constantinople. The link between the church within that empire and the state was formally established by Theodosius I with the Edict of Thessalonica of 27 February 380. The term imperial church has been used also with reference to a vision of the Church of England as the church of the British Empire.

Imperial anthem

The Imperial and Royal or Imperial Austrian Army (German: Kaiserlich-königliche Armee, abbreviation "K.K. Armee") was strictly speaking, the armed force of the Holy Roman Empire under its last monarch, the Habsburg Emperor Francis II, although in reality, it was nearly all composed of the Habsburg army. When the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1806, it assumed its title of the Army of the Austrian Empire under the same monarch, now known as Emperor Francis I of Austria.

Imperial feet

Imperial White

Imperial college gliding club

Imperial anthology

Imperial distillery

An imperial church is a church associated with an empire. The first such church was the state church of the Roman Empire, as patronized and largely controlled by the Roman Emperors from the time of the transfer of the seat of government to Constantinople. The link between the church within that empire and the state was formally established by Theodosius I with the Edict of Thessalonica of 27 February 380. There was the imperial church of the Spanish Empire, as described in the chapter The Course of the Imperial Church from Imposition to Eclipse of the book The Church in Latin America 1492-1992 by Enrique Dussel. The term imperial church has been used also with reference to a vision of the Church of England as the church of the British Empire. In her book The Church on the Margins: Living Christian Community, Mary R. Sawyer uses the term imperial church to mean any church that supports domination by some over others. She thus describes the church, after the conversion of Constantine, as one that "evolved as a hierarchical, patriarchal, and episcopal institution in which the charismatic, or spiritual, expression of Christianity was suppressed. Christianity became not only the 'state' religion but an imperial religion."

Imperial march

Imperial election, 1764

Imperial and Royal Academy of Brussels

Imperial england

Imperial civil calendar

In medieval times, imperial roads (German: Reichsstraße) were designated routes in the Holy Roman Empire that afforded protection to travellers in return for tolls collected for the emperor. The Reichsstraße came under royal jurisdiction (Königsbann) and travellers were afforded the protection of the Landfrieden, a law that was supposed to ensure peace and unhindered passage similar to the Queen's peace. From the 10th century it was also extended to bridges and ferries. Under King Henry I of Germany the term Reichsstrasse (des riches strâze in Middle High German) was used for the first time as a translation of strata imperialis.

Imperial measurement system

Imperial election, 1376

Imperial Wharf station

Imperial battlesnake

Imperial free city

The K.u.k. Military Administration in Serbia (German: K.u.k. Militärverwaltung in Serbien) was the Austro-Hungarian military administration in the Kingdom of Serbia from 1915 to 1918. It was formed by the Central Powers during World War I. On 28 June 1914 Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo. This led to the diplomatic July Crisis between Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Serbia which ultimately led to a declaration of war by Austria-Hungary on July 28. The first Austro-Hungarian forays into Serbia began in August. After disappointing results at the Battle of Cer and the Battle of Kolubara, Oskar Potiorek was dismissed as military commander in December. Serbia was conquered over the course of 1915 and later in the year Austro-Hungarian officials established both military and civilian administrations. The first governor Croat Johan Salis-Seewis took office at the start of 1916.

Together with the Hussars and Uhlans, the Imperial and Royal Dragoons (German: k.u.k. Dragoner) made up the cavalry of the Austro-Hungarian Army from 1867 to 1914. After 1867, Austria-Hungary had de facto three armies at the same time. This unique situation arose because the monarchy had been weakened by the losing the war against Prussia, and consequently had, in effect, to guarantee the autonomy of Kingdom of Hungary in the so-called Compromise of 15 March 1867. This led the Hungarian half of the Empire to immediately begin establishing its own army: the Royal Hungarian Honved (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség). In response, the Cisleithanian half of the Empire also began to build its own army, the Imperial-Royal Landwehr. These two new forces thus existed alongside the Common Army (Gemeinsame Armee) that represented the empire as a whole. However, unlike the hussars and uhlans, there were no dragoon units in either of the two Landwehrs.

Imperial election, May 1400

Imperial Yacht

The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China designed to select the best potential candidates to serve as administrative officials, for the purpose of recruiting them for the state's bureaucracy. With the avowed purpose of testing and selecting candidates for merit, the examination system markedly influenced various aspects of society and culture in Imperial China, including Chinese mythology.

Imperial abbey

Imperial cult (Ancient Rome)

Imperial and Royal Warrant of Appointment

Imperial capital

Imperial forester

Imperial diary of the Kanpyō era

Imperial house of Japan

Imperial college

Imperial fairy-wren

The German phrase kaiserlich und königlich (pronounced [ˈkaɪzɐlɪç ʔʊnt ˈkøːnɪklɪç], Imperial and Royal), typically abbreviated as k. u. k., k. und k., k. & k. in German (in all cases the "und" is always spoken unabbreviated), cs. és k. (császári és királyi) in Hungarian, c. a k. (císařský a královský) in Czech, C. i K. (Cesarski i Królewski) in Polish, c. in k. (cesarski in kraljevski) in Slovenian, c. i kr. (carski i kraljevski) in Bosnian and Croatian, and I.R. (Imperiale Regio) in Italian, refers to the Court of the Habsburgs in a broader historical perspective. Some modern authors restrict its use to the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. During that period, it indicated that the Habsburg monarch reigned simultaneously as the Emperor of Austria and as the King of Hunga

Imperial f.f.r.r.

Imperial peace

Imperial election, 1440

Imperial helmet

In Late Antiquity, an imperial diptych is a theoretical type of ivory diptych, made up of two leaves of five panels each and each with a central panel representing the emperor or empress. They are so-named in contrast to consular diptychs. They were produced as unique examples, whereas each consular diptych was produced in large numbers to offer to the emperor on certain occasions, principally a nobleman's entry to the consulship. No complete example of an imperial diptych survives and so their existence is contested. The ivories specialist R. Delbrück has theorised that the 19 surviving fragments of ivory panels which clearly do not belong to the usual type of consular diptychs constitute evidence of imperial diptychs, despite having many characteristics in common with consular diptychs. The iconography of these diptychs obeys a stereotypical scheme, as illustrated by the Barberini ivory, which is the best example of the posited type - an imperial diptych's programme would be made up of a central figure of the emperor or empress, figures of dignitaries on its side panels, an upper register showing a personification of Constantinople or a medallion with a bust of Christ and a lower register showing barbarians making offerings to the emperor. However, the fact that the Barberini ivory was almost certainly not a diptych, but some kind of imperial icon without a second panel is a serious argument against the existence of the imperial diptych type. The two panels representing the empress Ariadne, in the Bargello in Florence and the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna, also belong to the hypothesized imperial diptych type. They are the only central panels of such a diptych (other than the Barberini ivory) to survive, since all other fragments of such diptychs are from side panels.

Imperial baths

Imperial election, 1411

Imperial principality

Imperial porphyry

The Imperial cult of ancient Rome identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority (auctoritas) of the Roman State. Its framework was based on Roman and Greek precedents, and was formulated during the early Principate of Augustus. It was rapidly established throughout the Empire and its provinces, with marked local variations in its reception and expression. Augustus's reforms transformed Rome's Republican system of government to a de facto monarchy, couched in traditional Roman practices and Republican values. The princeps (later known as Emperor) was expected to balance the interests of the Roman military, Senate and people, and to maintain peace, security and prosperity throughout an ethnically diverse empire. The official offer of cultus to a living emperor acknowledged his office and rule as divinely approved and constitutional: his Principate should therefore demonstrate pious respect for traditional Republican deities and mores. A deceased emperor held worthy of the honor could be voted a state divinity (divus, plural divi) by the Senate and elevated as such in an act of apotheosis. The granting of apotheosis served religious, political and moral judgment on Imperial rulers and allowed living Emperors to associate themselves with a well-regarded lineage of Imperial divi from which unpopular or unworthy predecessors were excluded. This proved a useful instrument to Vespasian in his establishment of the Flavian Imperial Dynasty following the death of Nero and civil war, and to Septimius in his consolidation of the Severan dynasty after the assassination of Commodus. The Imperial cult was inseparable from that of Rome's official deities, whose cult was essential to Rome's survival and whose neglect was therefore treasonous. Traditional cult was a focus of Imperial revivalist legislation under Decius and Diocletian. Christian apologists and martyrologists saw the cult of the Emperor as a particularly offensive instrument of pagan impiety and persecution. It therefore became a focus of theological and political debate during the ascendancy of Christianity under Constantine I. The emperor Julian failed to reverse the declining support for Rome's official religious practices: Theodosius I adopted Christianity as Rome's state religion. Rome's traditional gods and Imperial cult were officially abandoned. However, many of the rites, practices and status distinctions that characterized the cult to emperors were perpetuated in the theology and politics of the Christianized Empire.

Imperial king

Imperial knight

The Imperial cave salamander or scented cave salamander (Speleomantes imperialis) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae, endemic to Sardinia. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, rocky areas, caves, and subterranean habitats (other than caves). It is threatened by habitat loss.

Imperial election, 1792

Imperial Wren

Imperial Woodpecker

Imperial and Royal Navy

Imperial household

Imperial dungeon ships

Imperial margarine

São Cristóvão (officially named Imperial de São Cristóvão) is a traditional neighborhood in north of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Imperial capital (disambiguation)

Imperial era of Chinese history

Imperial queen

Imperial county

Imperial immediacy (German: Reichsfreiheit or Reichsunmittelbarkeit) was a privileged constitutional and political status rooted in German feudal law under which the Imperial estates of the Holy Roman Empire such as Imperial cities, prince-bishoprics and secular principalities, and individuals such as the Imperial knights, were declared free from the authority of any local lord and placed under the direct ("immediate", in the sense of "without an intermediary") authority of the Emperor, and later of the institutions of the Empire such as the Diet (Reichstag), the Imperial Chamber of Justice and the Aulic Council.

Imperial cult (ancient Rome)

Imperial household of Japan

Imperial election of September 20, 1410

Imperial fairy wren

Imperial palace Tokyo

Imperial princes

Imperial and Royal Highness

Imperial pint

Imperial fluid ounce

Imperial road

Imperial diary of Emperor Uda

Imperial Wizard

Imperial era coinage

Imperial amazon

Imperial forums

Imperial election of October 1, 1410

Imperial election, January 1257

Imperial chamber court

The Imperial cult of ancient Rome identified emperors and some members of their families with the divinely sanctioned authority (auctoritas) of the Roman State. Its framework was based on Roman and Greek precedents, and was formulated during the early Principate of Augustus. It was rapidly established throughout the Empire and its provinces, with marked local variations in its reception and expression.

The imperial pheasant (Lophura × imperialis) is a dark blue, medium-sized, up to 75 cm long pheasant with bare red facial skin, blue crest, crimson legs and glossy plumage. The female is brown with erectile short feather crest, blackish tail and primaries. The imperial pheasant is found in the forests of Vietnam and Laos. Its appearance resembles another of Vietnam's enigmatic birds, the Vietnamese pheasant, but it is larger in size, has a longer tail, and an all dark blue crest and tail feathers. The latter species has a white crest and central tail feathers. Previously known only from a pair taken alive to Europe by Jean Théodore Delacour in 1923, this species was rediscovered in 1990, when an immature male was trapped by a rattan collector. Another immature male was caught in February 2000. This rare bird was determined not to be a true species, but a naturally occurring hybrid between the Edwards's pheasant and the subspecies annamensis of the silver pheasant (L. nycthemera).

Imperial election of May 22, 1400

Imperial over-stretch

Imperial War Museum tram stop

Imperial and Royal Kaiserjäger

Imperial baths (disambiguation)

Imperial War Museum is a tram stop under construction for Greater Manchester's Metrolink light rail system that will be created to serve passengers boarding and alighting at the Imperial War Museum North on a new line on the network.

Imperial bushel

Imperial castle of Kyffhausen

Imperial guardian lions of China

Imperial gallons per second

Imperial guardian lion

Imperial orb

Imperial exam

Imperial civil service exam

Imperial and Royal Army

Imperial minim

Imperial red

Imperial plan of 1870

The German phrase kaiserlich und königlich (pronounced [ˈkaɪzɐlɪç ʔʊnt ˈkøːnɪklɪç], Imperial and Royal), typically abbreviated as k. u. k., k. und k., k. & k. in German (in all cases the "und" is always spoken unabbreviated), cs. és k. (császári és királyi) in Hungarian, c. a k. (císařský a královský) in Czech, C. i K. (Cesarski i Królewski) in Polish, c. in k. (cesarski in kraljevski) in Slovenian, c. i kr. (carski i kraljevski) in Bosnian and Croatian, and I.R. (Imperiale Regio) in Italian, refers to the Court of the Habsburgs in a broader historical perspective. Some modern authors restrict its use to the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918. During that period, it indicated that the Habsburg monarch reigned simultaneously as the Emperor of Austria and as the King of Hungary, while the two territories were joined in a real union (akin to a two-state federation in this instance). The acts of the common government, which only was responsible for the Imperial & Royal ("I&R") Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the I&R Ministry of War and the I&R Ministry of Finance (financing only the two other ministries), were carried out in the name of "His Imperial and Royal Majesty" and the central governmental bodies had their names prefixed with k. u. k.

Imperial examinations

Imperial de São Cristóvão

Imperial measure

Imperial knights

Imperial durbar

Imperial prelates

Imperial election, April 1257

Imperial election, 1711

Imperial quart

Imperial election of 1376

Imperial de Sao Cristovao

Imperial hundredweight

Imperial circle

Imperial characters of Command & Conquer

Imperial cult (Rome)

Imperial pheasant

Imperial dictionary

Imperial election of 1745

Imperial government of the Ottoman Empire

Imperial court in Nara

Imperial ambassadors to England

Imperial currency

Imperial Zhen Concubine Tatala

Imperial election, 1653

Imperial Weights and Measures Act 1824

Imperial election, 1208

Imperial era

Imperial court in Kyoto

Imperial election of 1790

Imperial Wharf

Imperial and Royal titles of the Mughal Emperors

Imperial anthems of the Ottoman Empire

Imperial house

Imperial estates

Imperial coat of arms of the Central African Empire

Imperial Weights and Measures Act of 1824

Imperial blaster

Imperial autocracy

The imperial ban (German: Reichsacht) was a form of outlawry in the Holy Roman Empire. At different times, it could be declared by the Holy Roman Emperor, by the Imperial Diet, or by courts like the League of the Holy Court (Vehmgericht) or the Reichskammergericht. Those banned could reverse the ban by submitting to the legal authority. The Aberacht, a stronger version of the imperial ban, could not be reversed. Famous people placed under the imperial ban included:

Imperial gallon

Imperial counties

Imperial abbeys

Imperial mammoth

Imperial and Royal Majesty

Imperial city of Besançon

Imperial election of 1562

Imperial and US customary units

Imperial ipa

Imperial election of August 21, 1400

Together with the Dragoons and Hussars, the Imperial and Royal Uhlans (German: k.u.k. Ulanen), made up the cavalry of the Austro-Hungarian Army from 1867 to 1918, both in the Common Army and in the Austrian Landwehr, where they were known as the Imperial-Royal Landwehr Uhlans (k.k. Landwehr-Ulanen).

Imperial prince Kuni Kuniyoshi

Imperial hunt of the Qing dynasty

Imperial examination (Chinese mythology)

Imperial crown

Imperial election, 1612

Imperial city

Imperial palace (disambiguation)

Imperial election, 1619

Imperial election, 1138

Imperial gallons

Imperial blue charaxes

Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops (Austro-Hungarian)

Imperial anthologies

Imperial deungeon ship

Imperial porcelain of China

Imperial automobile

Imperial prelate

Imperial rescript

An Imperial and Royal Warrant of Appointment during the Austro-Hungarian Empire was issued to vendors who supplied goods or services to the Austrian imperial court in Vienna and/or the Hungarian royal court in Budapest. The warrant was normally an official document, which enabled the supplier to advertise the fact and thus lend itself prestige. Suppliers continued to charge for their goods and services. The application process took years and was given only to those deemed of the highest quality to be worth to receive the honour upon personal approval of the monarch. The warrant was typically advertised on company letter-heads and products by displaying the coat of arms or the heraldic badge of the imperial eagle. Underneath the coat of arms would usually appear the phrase "k.u.k. Hoflieferant", which translates into English as "Purveyor to the Imperial and Royal Court". Depending on where the supplier was located within the dual monarchy, it could be adapted into the local language such as "Ces. i Król. dostawca Dworu" in Polish, "C. a k. dvorní dodavatel" in Czech, or "Fornitore di corte imperiale e reale" in Italian. The warrant was initially given to the owners of a company or a tradeperson, not the company itself. Only later were entire companies given the warrant. The warrant was given as a supplier for the overall court. However personal suppliers to the emperor or the empress were given a higher warrant as "k.u.k. Kammerlieferant", which translates as "Purveyor to the Imperial and Royal Chamber". It was possible for a supplier to receive both warrant forms for exceptional quality of services and goods.

In Late Antiquity, an imperial diptych is a theoretical type of ivory diptych, made up of two leaves of five panels each and each with a central panel representing the emperor or empress. They are so-named in contrast to consular diptychs. They were produced as unique examples, whereas each consular diptych was produced in large numbers to offer to the emperor on certain occasions, principally a nobleman's entry to the consulship.

Imperial glory

Imperial quaternions

Imperial election, 1636

Imperial acre

Imperial eagle

Imperial collections

Imperial of San Francisco