IBM Data Language One (DL/1)

The IBM Data Warehousing Balanced Configuration Unit is a family of data warehousing server (computing)s from IBM. IBM introduced the Balanced Configuration Unit (BCU) for AIX in 2005, and the BCU for Linux in 2006. The BCU is a "balanced" combination of computer server hardware (cpus, I/O channels, and storage) combined with DB2 Data Warehouse Edition (DB2 DWE) software to form a data warehouse "appliance like" system to compete with systems such as Greenplum, DATAllegro, , and Teradata. See also IBM Linux Solution Optimizes Enterprise Data Warehousing.

The IBM 711 was a punched card reader used as a peripheral device for IBM mainframe vacuum tube computers and early transistorized computers. Announced on May 21, 1952, it was first sold with the IBM 701. Later IBM computers that used it were the IBM 704, the IBM 709, and the transistorized IBM 7090 and 7094.

IBM Cross System Product

IBM Centers for Advanced Studies

The IBM Displaywriter System 6580 was a dedicated microcomputer-based word processing machine that IBM's Office Products Division introduced in June 1980.The system consisted of a central processing unit, based on the Intel 8086, in a desktop case, a monochrome CRT monitor atop the CPU, a detached keyboard, a detached dual disk drive that used 8-inch floppy disks, and a detached daisy wheel printer. The system booted from an 8-inch floppy disk that stored IBM's internally developed word processing software. The operator stored the "documents" (i.e., data files) on additional diskettes.

IBM CityOne or IBM INNOV8: CityOne is a city-building simulation game, introduced on May 4, 2010 by IBM at its in-house software conference Impact 2010. It was released on October 4th, 2010.

IBM 7040

IBM Cloudscape

IBM Distributed Data Management Architecture

IBM Blueworks Live is a business process modeller, belonging under the set of IBM SmartCloud applications.The application is designed to help organizations discover and document their business processes, business decisions and policies in a collaborative manner. It is designed to be simple and intuitive to use, while still having the capabilities to implement more complex models. Blueworks Live adheres to the BPMN 2.0 standard developed and maintained by BPMN.org.

The IBM Electromatic Table Printing Machine was a typesetting-quality printer, consisting of a modified IBM Electromatic Proportional Spacing Typewriter connected to a modified IBM 016 keypunch. A plugboard control panel was used for programming and formatting of the printout. A deck of punched cards containing the table (calculated and punched by other unit record equipment) to be printed was put into the IBM 016, which read them and then controlled the typing of the typewriter through a box containing solenoids that depressed the keys. Printed output could then be photographically reproduced on a printing plate, which would be used in a printing press to make as many copies as needed.

IBM Extended Density Format

IBM ES/3090

IBM 8514 (display standard)

IBM 717

IBM Canada Head Office Building

IBM Fellow

IBM Building (Seattle)

IBM 8100 DPCX

IBM 709

IBM 8100 DPPX

IBM Distributed Office Support System, or DISOSS is a centralized document distribution and filing application for IBM's mainframe computers running the MVS and VSE operating systems. Its counterpart under VM is PROFS. DISOSS ran under both the CICS transaction processing system and the IMS/DS transaction processing system, and later versions used the SNADS architecture of peer to peer communication for distributed services.

IBM Blueworks Live

IBM China Research Laboratory (CRL) is one of the IBM Research's twelve major worldwide research laboratories. It was established in 1995 Shangdi District, in the northwest of Beijing, China. In October 2008, a new research facility was opened in Shanghai to provide local partners greater accessibility to IBM Research’s capabilities. IBM China Research Laboratory (CRL) provide more opportunity for full-time and internship in Chinese Career Market.

The IBM 8000 series was a proposed transistor-based successor to the IBM 7000 series. Important engineers on the project included Fred Brooks and Gerry Blaauw. The project plan for the 8000 series was presented by Fred Brooks in January, 1961. Despite some technical successes, the project became a political football, amid IBM's search for a unified product line. The project was canceled in 1961 by Bob Evans, supplanted by the successful System/360 series. The 8000 project may have seen the first use of the term "architecture" in relation to computers.

IBSYS is the discontinued tape-based operating system that IBM supplied with its IBM 7090 and IBM 7094 computers. A similar operating system (but with several significant differences), also called IBSYS, was provided with IBM 7040 and IBM 7044 computers. IBSYS was based on FORTRAN Monitor System (FMS) and SHARE Operating System. IBSYS itself was really a basic monitor program, that read control card images placed between the decks of program and data cards of individual jobs. An IBSYS control card began with a "$" in column 1, immediately followed by a Control Name that selected the various IBSYS utility programs needed to set up and run the job. These card deck images were read from magnetic tapes, prepared offline, not usually directly from the punched card reader.

IBM 702

IBM Building

IBM Enterprise Storage Server

IBM 6150

IBM Cartridge BASIC

IBM Application Performance Management is an offering that enables IT operations and DevOps and personnel to detect, isolate and diagnose problems in their hybrid cloud development and production environments. The solution is part of the IBM IT Service Management portfolio, which is a key component of IBM Cloud solutions. The offering provides capabilities such as End User Management (EUM), Application Discovery, Application Diagnostics, Transaction profiling and IT Operations Analytics. IBM Application Performance Management solutions are available in both SaaS (software-as-a-service), hybrid and on-premises delivery models. IBM Application Performance Management was a part of IBM Tivoli brand until 2013.

IBM DOS 3.30

The IBM Enterprise Storage Server (ESS) or the Shark is an enterprise storage array from IBM.

Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN) is an extension to the Systems Network Architecture (SNA) "that allows large and small computers to communicate as peers across local and wide-area networks."

IBM ESA/390

IBM AIX (operating system)

CPCS (Check Processing Control System) is an IBM software product that supports high speed check sorting operations within financial institutions. The software works in conjunction with check sorting equipment, such as the IBM 3890. This application is run on the mainframe. It receives the data from the document processor and can store information from the cheques, including the bank number, branch number, account number and the amount the check was written for, as well as internal transaction codes.

IBM 9 track

IBM 824

Distributed Processing Programming Executive (DPPX)

Data Science Experience (DSX) is IBM’s platform for data science, a workspace that includes multiple collaboration and open-source tools for use in data science. In DSX, a data scientist can create a project with a group of collaborators, all having access to various analytics models and using various languages (R/Python/Scala). DSX brings together staple open source tools including RStudio, Spark and Python in an integrated environment, along with additional tools such as a managed Spark service and data shaping facilities, in a secure and governed environment. Data Science Experience provides access to data sets that are available through Watson Data Platform, on-premises or on the cloud. The platform also has a large community and embedded resources such as articles on the latest developments from the data science world and public data sets. DSX is available in on-premises, cloud, and desktop forms. Microsoft and other technology vendors also have products in the machine learning market, which is developing rapidly.

IBM 738

IBM 7070 was a decimal architecture intermediate data processing system that was introduced by IBM in 1958. It was part of the IBM 700/7000 series, and was based on discrete transistors rather than the vacuum tubes of the 1950s. It was the company's first transistorized stored-program computer. The 7070 weighed 23,150 pounds (11.6 short tons; 10.5 t). Later systems in this series were the faster IBM 7074 introduced in July 1960and the IBM 7072 (1961). They were eventually replaced by the System/360, announced in 1964.

IBM El Torito

IBM DISOSS

IBM ESA/370

IBM 6430

IBM 7010

IBM Centre for Advanced Studies

9PAC is a common abbreviation for 709 PACkage. It was a report generator developed in 1959 for the IBM 709 and used on its successor, the IBM 7090. It was developed by SHARE, an early IBM users' group, and based on the File Maintenance and Report Generator System developed by General Electric for the IBM 702, led by Harry Tellier.Charles Bachman worked on its design in 1957, and although his company's order for the 709 was cancelled, he later included some of its general concepts into the more generalized idea of navigational databases.Engineers at companies such as Union Carbide, Northwest Power Company, Philips Petroleum, Dow Chemical, and Chrysler cooperated on the project.

IBM Domino

The IBM 9020 is an IBM System/360 computer adapted into a multiprocessor system for use by the U.S. FAA for Air Traffic Control. Systems were installed in the FAA's 20 en route Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs), beginning in the late 1960s. The IBM 9020A, for example, was based on the 360/50 and the 9020D used two out of three or four 360/65 processors for flight and radar data processing with two out of three 360/50 processors providing input/output capability. There were three operational variants of the 9020 system: 9020A CCC (Central Computer Complex); 9020D CCC; and 9020E DCC (Display Channel Complex). All the 9020A CCCs were attached to a non-IBM display complex, while the 9020D CCCs could be attached to either a non-IBM display complex or to the IBM 9020E DCC. The 9020A and 9020D CCCs carried out flight and radar data processing but needed an attached display complex to provide a plan view display to the air traffic controllers. Each ARTCC had a System Maintenance Monitor Console (SMMC) that brought together the status indications of the installed 9020 system(s) as well as related components, such as environmental systems and communications links. A maximum configuration CCC/DCC complex contained 12 IBM S/360 mainframes. Not all FAA ARTCCs, of which there were 20 (plus one in the UK), had the maximum configuration.

IBM DB2 Express-C

IBM ASCI Blue Pacific

IBM Building, Seattle

IBM 9 Track

The IBM Displaywriter System 6580 was a dedicated microcomputer-based word processing machine that IBM's Office Products Division introduced in June 1980.The system consisted of a central processing unit, based on the Intel 8086, in a desktop case, a monochrome CRT monitor atop the CPU, a detached keyboard, a detached dual disk drive that used 8-inch floppy disks, and a detached daisy wheel printer. The system booted from an 8-inch floppy disk that stored IBM's internally developed word processing software. The operator stored the "documents" (i.e., data files) on additional diskettes. "A basic system — consisting of a display with a typewriter-like keyboard and a logic unit, a printer and a device to record and read diskettes capable of storing more than 100 pages of average text — cost $7,895 and leased for $275 a month." The basic word-processing software was Textpack E, with simple mail merge; Textpack 2 added support for double-sided disks, networking, spellchecking, and print spooling; Textpack 4 added automatic hyphenation, columns, and more sophisticated merging; and Textpack 6 added automatic footnoting and outlining. Other options included multilingual dictionaries, graphics, and reports. The Displaywriter's features were comparable to other dedicated word processing machines of its era. The features included mail-merge, with fields designated as a01, a02, a03, etc. Elementary arithmetic could be applied to the fields. The basic IBM Displaywriter was a standalone system. An optional central storage and management unit was available, which permitted multiple Displaywriters to share storage and a printer. UCSD p-Systemoperating system and CP/M-86 were available for the Displaywriter System but were not its regular Operating System. Connections to other IBM systems included:
* IBM 3278 emulation program to attach to IBM 3274/3276 controllers, IBM 4321/4331, or IBM 4701.
* IBM 3277 emulation program to attach to IBM 3271, 3272 or 3274 controllers.
* Connection to IBM 8100 systems which use DPCX/DOSF. Because of Displaywriter's popularity, IBM later produced DisplayWrite software for the IBM Personal Computer, with a similar user interface and equivalent to Textpack 4.

IBM EGA

IBM ASCI White

The IBM 7040 was a historic but short-lived model of transistor computer built in the 1960s. It was announced by IBM in December 1961, but did not ship until April, 1963. A later member of the IBM 700/7000 series of scientific computers, it was a scaled-down version of the IBM 7090. It was not fully compatible with the 7090. Some 7090 features, including index registers, character instructions and floating point, were extra-cost options. It also featured a different input/output architecture, based on the IBM 1414 data synchronizer, allowing more modern IBM peripherals to be used. A model designed to be compatible with the 7040 with more performance was announced as the 7044 at the same time. Peter Fagg headed the development of the 7040 under executive Bob O. Evans.A number of IBM 7040 and 7044 computers were shipped, but it was eventually made obsolete by the IBM System/360 family, announced in 1964. The schedule delays caused by IBM's multiple incompatible architectures provided motivation for the unified System/360 family. The 7040 proved popular for use at universities, due to its comparatively low price. For example, one was installed in May 1965 at Columbia University. One of the first in Canada was at the University of Waterloo, bought by professor J. Wesley Graham . A team of students was frustrated with the slow performance of the Fortran compiler. In the summer of 1965 they wrote the WATFOR compiler for their 7040, which became popular with many newly formed computer science departments. IBM also offered the 7040 (or 7044) as an input-output processor attached to a 7090, in a configuration known as the 7090/7040 Direct Coupled System (DCS). Each computer was slightly modified to be able to interrupt the other. IBM used similar numbers for a model of its eServer pSeries 690 RS6000 architecture much later. The 7040-681, for example, was withdrawn in 2005.

IBM Champions

IBM DOS 4.00

IBM API Management

An IBM Fellow is an appointed position at IBM made by IBM's CEO. Typically only four to nine (eleven in 2014) IBM Fellows are appointed each year, in May or June. It is the highest honor a scientist, engineer, or programmer at IBM can achieve.

IBM ASC Purple

IBM EduQuest SchoolView

IBM 7070 was a decimal architecture intermediate data processing system that was introduced by IBM in 1958. It was part of the IBM 700/7000 series, and was based on discrete transistors rather than the vacuum tubes of the 1950s. It was the company's first transistorized stored-program computer. The 7070 was expected to be a "common successor to at least the 650 and the 705". The 7070 was not designed to be instruction set compatible with the 650, as the latter had a second jump address in every instruction to allow optimal use of the drum, something unnecessary and wasteful in a computer with random-access core memory. As a result, a simulator was needed to run old programs. The 7070 was also marketed as an IBM 705 upgrade, but failed miserably due to its incompatibilities, including an inability to fully represent the 705 character set; forcing IBM to quickly introduce the IBM 7080 as a "transistorized IBM 705" that was fully compatible. The 7070 series stored data in a 10 decimal digit plus sign word. Digits were encoded using a two-out-of-five code. Characters were represented by a two-digit code. The machine shipped with 5,000 to 9,990 words of core and the CPU speed was about 27KIPS. A typical system was leased for $17,400 per month or could be purchased for $813,000. The 7070 weighed 23,150 pounds (11.6 short tons; 10.5 t). Later systems in this series were the faster IBM 7074 introduced in July 1960and the IBM 7072 (1961). They were eventually replaced by the System/360, announced in 1964.

IBM Airline Control Program, or ACP, is a discontinued operating system developed by IBM beginning about 1965. In contrast to previous airline transaction processing systems, the most notable aspect of ACP is that it was designed to run on most models of the IBM System/360 mainframe computer family. This departed from the earlier model in which each airline had a different, machine-specific transaction system.

IBM Application Performance Management

IBM Developer is a free web-based professional network and technical resource center from IBM for software developers, IT professionals, and students worldwide. The site attracts over 5 million unique visitors per month in 195 countries, and is designed to help users develop and master skills, solve problems, collaborate with peers, and stay ahead of the latest trends in open standards and IBM technologies. IBM Developer is making available a wealth of open source, public repos making it easy to fork or copy working code to solve real problems. Its global community helps developers learn with community-tested code patterns and 20 years of applied open source knowledge. They can learn about, try, and contribute to the latest open standards technologies and cloud-based services and confidently develop with easy access to APIs, a comprehensive cloud platform, and enterprise-grade security for their blockchain, IoT, data, and cognitive solutions. IBM Developer contains thousands of how-to articles and tutorials, as well as comprehensive knowledge paths, software downloads and code samples, discussion forums, podcasts, blogs, wikis, and other resources. Users can get up to speed quickly on the most critical technologies affecting their profession, like open, industry-standard technologies such as Java, Linux, Kubernetes, blockchain, and a variety of other open-source technologies, as well as learn about IBM's software products (WebSphere, Rational, Lotus, Tivoli and DB2). The site also provides information on trends such as green IT, cloud computing, and IBM's Smarter Planet initiative. Microsoft's MSDN is a similar site (although it focuses mostly on Microsoft products and lacks the concentration on technology-focused content and resources). In addition to the technical information available, IBM Developer offers a social networking community of more than 1,000,000 registered members, created to help users build relationships with technical professionals who have similar interests and debate and collaborate for ideal solutions to tough technical questions. Within the community, users can take advantage of groups and activities for easier collaboration, profiles and blogs to gain personal recognition, and a personalized landing page that brings them content matched to their interests for increased productivity. IBM Developer has provided free technology and product technical information to the development community since 1999, and provides language support in English, Simplified Chinese, Japanese, Russian, Vietnamese, Brazilian Portuguese, and Latin American Spanish. IBM Developer has been praised as "a developer's paradise" and "perhaps the best place to get hang of technologies such as Linux, Java, XML and even Wireless."

The IBM 650 Magnetic Drum Data-Processing Machine is one of IBM's early computers, and the world’s first mass-produced computer. It was announced in 1953 and in 1956 enhanced as the IBM 650 RAMAC with the addition of up to four disk storage units. Almost 2,000 systems were produced, the last in 1962. Support for the 650 and its component units was withdrawn in 1969.

IBM Courier

IBM Advanced Program-to-Program Communication

The IBM 6400 series is a series of four calculating and accounting machines produced by IBM starting in 1962. The IBM 6405 was a desk-size calculator, and the 6410, 6420, and 6430 were more advanced accounting machines. The output for each machine was facilitated a keyboardless IBM Selectric typewriter mounted above the CPU. Programming was done by a control panel. Calculations were done by electronics (SMS) and program steps were controlled by relays. In 1968 an IBM 6430 was developed in Don Mills. The programming was done on cards and the programs steps were controlled by electronics (SMS).

IBM COBOL is the name of the COBOL compiler developed for IBM environments. The IBM COBOL compiler is currently supported on z/OS, VSE/ESA, z/VM, AIX and Windows.

IBM Electromatic typewriter

IBM Cambridge Scientific Center

The IBM 5880, also known as the IBM 5880 Electrocardiograph System, is a computerized electrocardiograph and diagnostic tool. It was developed by IBM scientist Ray Bonner in the early 1970s and announced in 1978. The IBM 5880 was designed to analyze electrocardiograms, measurements of the electrical activity of the heart, and provide diagnostic advice to the same standards as a cardiologist. Similar programs already ran on mainframe computers, but the 5880 was the first version that could be placed in a cart and taken into hospital conditions.

IBM CBIOS

The IBM Building is a skyscraper office building in the Central Business District of Johannesburg, South Africa. It was built in 1976 and stands at a height of 91 metres. The building was initially built to house the South African headquarters of IBM, but after IBM moved their headquarters to Sandton, leaving the building unoccupied as recently as 2005.

The IBM 726 dual magnetic tape reader/recorder for the IBM 701 was announced on May 21, 1952. Unlike later IBM 7 track drives, the 726 could read backwards as well as forwards. The tape had seven parallel tracks, six for data (called a copy group, not a character) and one to maintain parity. Tapes were recorded in odd parity, to ensure at least one bit transition percopy group as well as for error checking. The 726 concurrently handled two reels of tape, and there were two 726 units in an IBM 701 system.

IBM 653

IBM 852

IBM Systems Director is an element management system (EMS) (sometimes referred to as a "workgroup management system") first introduced by IBM in 1993 as NetFinity Manager. The software was originally written to run on OS/2 2.0. It has subsequently gone through a number of name changes in the interim. It was changed in 1996 to IBM PC SystemView. Later that same year, it was renamed to TME 10 NetFinity. The following year, it reverted to a slightly altered version of its original name: IBM Netfinity Manager (note the lowercase 'f').

IBM DB2

IBM 7950

IBM API Management (with version 5 renamed to IBM API Connect) is an API Management platform for use in the API Economy. IBM API Connect enables users to create, assemble, manage, secure and socialize web application programming interfaces (APIs). It runs as a Virtual appliance on a Virtual machine and uses the IBM WebSphere DataPower SOA Appliances as gateways. Plans can be created which specify rate limits, whether sign ups need to be approved, and a collection of APIs to offer to developers. Plans can be published to a specific environment.

IBM Cross System Product (CSP)

IBM 7950 Harvest

The IBM Center for The Business of Government produces and disseminates thought leadership that focuses on public management issues facing government executives at all levels. According to its mission statement, the center seeks to connect public management research to practice in order to improve government effectiveness and performance. It does this by funding independent third-party research, publishing a bi-annual magazine, producing a weekly radio interview program, convening discussions with practitioners and academics, and hosting forums and various blogs and other online content.

The IBM 632 was a valve-and-relay driven basic (very basic) accounting machine, introduced in 1958, that was available in seven different models. It consisted of an IBM Electric typewriter and at least a punched card unit (like the IBM 024) that housed the "electronics" in two gates (a relay gate and an electronic gate). Some machines also had a card reader unit (like the IBM 026). A small core memory provided storage for 8 numeric 12 digit words.

IBM BlueWorks Live

IBM DemiDiskette

IBM 6400

IBM Administrative Terminal System

The IBM 6640 printer was one of the world's first office ink jet printers. It was originally announced as the 46/40 but later renamed as 6640, as part of the Office System/6 word processing range in 1976. Documents to be printed were first prepared on either on magnetic cards by a Magnetic Card Selectric typewriter, or an Office System/6 console. Magnetic card stacks were loaded via a reader attached to the left side of the printer and the device could also communicate via BSC or SDLC protocols. A model of 6640 was without a Magnetic Card Deck but was hard-wired to an Office System/6 console for direct printing. The printer itself had a large envelope drawer, and two paper drawers, each of which could handle a stack of paper up to approx. three inches thick, and up to 17 inches by 17 inches. Optional font cards were available, and installed on the planar located on the right side of the printer. Black ink was sprayed out of a single nozzle, broken into drops, and each drop was deflected by electromagnetic fields to form individual letters or symbols. Any drops not required to generate a letter were fed back into the ink system via the "gutter" for re-use. For example, a drop used for printing a letter was immediately followed by several "guard drops" that were deliberately deflected down into the gutter so as to avoid slip streaming.

IBM Doily

IBM Canada's head offices are currently located in Markham, Ontario and have been there since the early 1980s. The current building IBM occupies is located at 3600 Steeles Avenue East and was completed in 1995. IBM Canada's previous head office was located across the street at 3500 Steeles Avenue East (now Liberty Centre, Markham). The building rises from four floors on the west to seven floors at the east side. There is an underground ramp that is accessible from the left-most lane on east-bound Steeles Avenue that provides access to the building's parking area at the rear.

The IBM Centers for Advanced Studies (CAS) are a group of research centres on the world that facilitate collaboration with university students and professors using IBM systems. There are 20 CAS located in various countries around the world. IBM's first CAS was established at the IBM Toronto Software Lab. CAS is responsible for the annual CASCON.

IBM Basic Programming Support/360 (BPS), originally called Special Support, was a set of standalone programs for System/360 mainframes with a minimum of 8 KiB of memory. BPS was developed by IBM's General Products Division in Endicott, New York. The package included "assemblers, IOCS, compilers, sorts, and utilities but no governing control program." BPS components were introduced in a series of product announcements between 1964 and 1965. BPS came in two versions — a strictly card system and a tape based system which, contrary to the stated goals, kept a small supervisor permanently resident. Programming languages available were Assembler, RPG, and FORTRAN IV (subset). Tape FORTRAN required 16 KiB of memory. There were also two versions of the BPS assembler, with the tape version having enhanced capabilities. BPS also had a "disk" counterpart called BOS. It also required 8 KiB of memory and supported disks such as the IBM 2311. The group responsible for BPS/BOS went on to develop DOS/360 and TOS/360 as a supposed "interim" solution when it became evident that OS/360 would be too large to run on 16 KiB systems.

IBM Cassette BASIC

IBM 7700 Data Acquisition System

IBM DOS 5.02

IBM Application System/400

IBM CPGID

The IBM 7040 was a historic but short-lived model of transistor computer built in the 1960s. It was announced by IBM in December 1961, but did not ship until April, 1963. A later member of the IBM 700/7000 series of scientific computers, it was a scaled-down version of the IBM 7090. It was not fully compatible with the 7090. Some 7090 features, including index registers, character instructions and floating point, were extra-cost options. It also featured a different input/output architecture, based on the IBM 1414 data synchronizer, allowing more modern IBM peripherals to be used. A model designed to be compatible with the 7040 with more performance was announced as the 7044 at the same time.

IBM Advanced BASIC

The IBM 716 line printer was used with IBM 700/7000 series computers in the 1950s and 1960s. It was introduced on May 21, 1952 with the IBM 701 and withdrawn from marketing on July 14, 1969.

IBM CP-40

IBM 7074

The IBM 5x86C is an IBM branded and produced version of the Cyrix-designed Cyrix Cx5x86 CPU. Previous IBM x86 processors, IBM 386SLC and IBM 486SLC, were based on modified Intel designs.

IBM Champions are individuals, non-IBMer and recognized professionals in the IBM community.

IBM 84

IBM 7701

IBM City Star

IBM 6420

The IBM 700/7000 series is a series of large-scale (mainframe) computer systems that were made by IBM through the 1950s and early 1960s. The series includes several different, incompatible processor architectures. The 700s use vacuum tube logic and were made obsolete by the introduction of the transistorized 7000s. The 7000s, in turn, were eventually replaced with System/360, which was announced in 1964. However the 360/65, the first 360 powerful enough to replace 7000s, did not become available until November 1965. Early problems with OS/360 and the high cost of converting software kept many 7000s in service for years afterward.

IBM AN/FSQ-8 Combat Control Central

IBM Cisam

IBM Data magazine is a U.S.-based custom, online magazine published by TDA Group for IBM Corp. With a worldwide readership of more than 100,000, the magazine provides how-to information about DB2, Informix, UniVerse, and UniData, along with coverage of related tools, software, and solutions (including those that fall under IBM's Information On Demand initiative).

The IBM 727 Magnetic Tape Unit was announced for the IBM 701 and IBM 702 on September 25, 1953. It became IBM's standard tape drive for their early vacuum tube era computer systems. Later vacuum tube machines and first-generation transistor computers used the IBM 729-series tape drive. The 727 was withdrawn on May 12, 1971.

IBM BLU Acceleration is a collection of technologies from the IBM Research and Development Labs for analytical database workloads. BLU Acceleration integrates a number of different technologies including in-memory processing of columnar data, Actionable Compression (which uses approximate Huffman encoding to compress and pack data tightly), CPU Acceleration (which exploits SIMD technology and provides parallel vector processing), and Data Skipping (which allows data that's of no use to the current active workload to be ignored). The term ‘BLU’ does not stand for anything in particular; however it has an indirect play on IBM's traditional corporate nickname Big Blue. (Ten IBM Research and Development facilities around the world filed more than 25 patents while working on the Blink Ultra pro

The IBM 7701 Magnetic Tape Transmission Terminal was a communications device announced by IBM in 1960. It was designed to transfer the contents of a reel of magnetic tape over a leased or dial telephone circuit. The IBM 7702 was a similar device that could communicate at higher speeds. The 7701 was the first product introduced in conjunction with IBM's TELE-PROCESSING trademark.

IBM Assembly Language Processor (ALP) is an assembler written by IBM for 32 bit OS/2 Warp (OS/2 3.0), which was released in 1994. ALP accepts source programs compatible with Microsoft Macro Assembler (MASM) version 5.1, which was originally used to build many of the device drivers included with OS/2. For OS/2 versions 3 and 4 ALP was distributed, along with other tools and documentation, as part of the Device Driver Kit (DDK). The DDK was withdrawn in 2004 as part of IBM's discontinuance of OS/2.

IBM DOS/V Extension V1.0

The IBM 729 Magnetic Tape Unit was IBM's iconic tape mass storage system from the late 1950s through the mid-1960s. Part of the IBM 7 track family of tape units, it was used on late 700, most 7000 and many 1400 series computers. Like its predecessor, the IBM 727 and many successors, the 729 used 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) magnetic tape up to 2400 feet (730 m) long wound on reels up to 10½ inch (267 mm) diameter. To allow rapid tape acceleration (and thus reduced seek/access times), long vacuum columns were placed between the tape reels and the read/write heads to absorb sudden increases in tape tension which would otherwise break the tape. Write protection was provided by a removable plastic ring in the back of the tape reel.

IBM's first magnetic tape data storage devices, introduced in 1952, use what is now generally known as 7 track tape. The magnetic tape is 1/2" wide and there are six data tracks plus one parity track for a total of seven parallel tracks that span the length of the tape. Data is stored as six-bit characters, with each bit of the character and the additional parity bit stored in a different track.

DisplayWrite was a word processor software application that IBM developed and marketed for the IBM PC and PCjr. It was among the company's first internally developed, commercially sold PC software.

IBM ABIOS

IBM DOS 4.0

C2T (an abbreviation for Cable Chaining Technology) is an IBM technology for KVM (keyboard, video, mouse) chaining. C2T, built into some of the IBM's xSeries and Netfinity models, allows daisy-chaining up to forty-two compatible servers in a single rack. Servers are daisy-chained using a special purpose cable which is included with new servers. The final server in the stack is connected to a monitor/keyboard/mouse or a KVM switch using a C2T breakout cable, which provides PS/2 and VGA connectors. The breakout cable was once very expensive to purchase new, but are now obtainable for less than $30 USD online. C2T works thanks to a chip in each server that emulates a KVM switch. To take control of a certain xSeries server in the rack, user needs to press Num Lock twice, "nn" (where "nn" is the number of the server) and then press Enter, or could also manually press the button on the front of the desired xSeries server. The theory behind C2T is to reduce clutter and save money as no KVM switch is required.

In computing, Advanced Program to Program Communication or APPC is a protocol which computer programs can use to communicate over a network. APPC is at the application layer in the OSI model, it enables communications between programs on different computers, from portables and workstations to midrange and host computers. APPC is defined as VTAM LU 6.2 ( Logical unit type 6.2 ) APPC was developed in 1982 as a component of IBM's Systems Network Architecture or SNA. Several APIs were developed for programming languages such as COBOL, PL/I, C or REXX.

IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator

IBM's first magnetic tape data storage devices, introduced in 1952, use what is now generally known as 7 track tape. The magnetic tape is 1/2" wide and there are six data tracks plus one parity track for a total of seven parallel tracks that span the length of the tape. Data is stored as six-bit characters, with each bit of the character and the additional parity bit stored in a different track. These tape drives were mechanically sophisticated floor-standing drives that used vacuum columns to buffer long U-shaped loops of tape. Between active control of powerful reel motors and vacuum control of these U-shaped tape loops, extremely rapid start and stop of the tape at the tape-to-head interface could be achieved. When active, the two tape reels thus fed tape into or pulled tape out of the vacuum columns, intermittently spinning in rapid, unsynchronized bursts resulting in visually striking action. Stock shots of such vacuum-column tape drives in motion were widely used to represent "the computer" in films and television.

IBM 826

IBM 7060

The IBM Administrative Terminal System, also known as ATS/360, provided text- and data-management tools for working with documents to users of IBM System/360 systems. An earlier version ran on an IBM 1440 or IBM 1460 Data Processing System and the IBM Service Bureau Corporation offered a proprietary version, Call/ATS, which ran on IBM 1440 systems or on IBM System/360 DOS systems.

IBM CDRA CCSID

IBM 808

IBM Edge Server

IBM's Cross System Product (CSP) was an application generator intended to create online systems on IBM's mainframe platforms. Introduced in 1981, CSP consisted of a set of source code generators that allowed developers to interactively define, test, generate, and execute application programs. CSP was composed of two products:
* Cross System Product/Application Development (CSP/AD) - development environment.
* Cross System Product/Application Execution (CSP/AE) - runtime environment. CSP version 3 was released in 1986 with extended functions:
* DB2 support in CICS/OS/VS and MVS/TSO environment
* SQL/DS support in VSE and VM/SP environment
* MVS/XA (31bit addressing) support The 1987 SAA announcement cast doubt on IBM's commitment to CSP – it "wasn't silent on CSP; it dismembered it.". The last version of CSP, version 4.1, went out of support at the end of 2001. In 1994 IBM released a successor product called VisualGen which incorporated "the ability to develop client/server applications (particularly the addition of Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) to applications), the ability to access data from non-IBM vendors’ data stores, and the ability to execute application in operating environments beyond the mainframe." In 1996 this product was again renamed to VisualAge Generator. VisualAge Generator was withdrawn from service in 2009 and succeeded by Rational Business Developer.

IBM Connections is a Web 2.0 enterprise social software application developed by IBM to provide online social networking tools for people associated with a company. The IBM collaboration suite, Notes / Domino, Sametime, Portal and Connections was sold to HCL technologies () in December 2018.

IBM Deathstar

The IBM 709 was a computer system, initially announced by IBM in January 1957 and first installed during August 1958. The 709 was an improved version of its predecessor, the IBM 704, and was the second iteration of the IBM 700/7000 series of scientific computers. The improvements included overlapped input/output, indirect addressing, and three "convert" instructions which provided support for decimal arithmetic, leading zero suppression, and several other operations. The 709 had 32,768 words of 36-bit magnetic core memory and could execute 42,000 add or subtract instructions per second. It could multiply two 36-bit integers at a rate of 5000 per second.

The IBM Building is a 20-story skyscraper in the Metropolitan Tract at 1200 Fifth Avenue, Seattle, Washington. The building was designed by Minoru Yamasaki, who also was architect of Rainier Tower on the corner diagonally opposite, and the World Trade Center in New York City. Its construction was completed in 1963. Nard Jones wrote in 1972 that "There is an architectural poetry about [the building] that is at variance with the endless jibes at computerization and the alleged sober pragmatism of IBM personnel."

The IBM Electromatic Table Printing Machine was a typesetting-quality printer, consisting of a modified IBM Electromatic Proportional Spacing Typewriter connected to a modified IBM 016 keypunch. A plugboard control panel was used for programming and formatting of the printout.

The IBM 7330 Magnetic Tape Unit was IBM's low cost tape mass storage system through the 1960s. Part of the IBM 7 track family of tape units, it was used mostly on 1400 series computers and the IBM 7040/7044. The 7330 used 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm) magnetic tape up to 2,400 feet (730 m) long wound on reels up to 10 1⁄2 inches (266.7 mm) diameter.

IBM Big Blue is a Japanese semi-professional rugby union team in the Top League, founded in 1976 by IBM. The company decided to make rugby, along with baseball and American football, one of the official company sports in 1989, which allowed the rugby club to gain support and momentum. Big Blue won promotion from the to the Top League at the end of the League's first season (2003-4) but was then automatically relegated by coming 12th in the second season (2004-5). The team returned to the Top League for the 2006-7 season. It is based in Chiba prefecture in the Kanto area.

IBM 7090/94 IBSYS

CASCON (Centre for Advanced Studies Conference) is a Computer Science conference hosted by IBM Canada Software Lab. CAS Research that occurs annually in late-October or early-November in Markham, Ontario. The conference typically lasts 3 or 4 days.

IBM Big Blue is a Japanese semi-professional rugby union team in the Top League, founded in 1976 by IBM. The company decided to make rugby, along with baseball and American football, one of the official company sports in 1989, which allowed the rugby club to gain support and momentum. Big Blue won promotion from the to the Top League at the end of the League's first season (2003-4) but was then automatically relegated by coming 12th in the second season (2004-5). The team returned to the Top League for the 2006-7 season. It is based in Chiba prefecture in the Kanto area. The former head Coach, Ippei Onishi, is a former captain of Kobe Kobelco Steelers. As of 2007–2008, the coach is Hiroki Ando. USA Eagle flyhalf Mike Hercus is a notable alumnus.

IBM COBOL

IBM Electromatic Table Printing Machine

IBM 632

IBM Disk BASIC

IBM Developer is a free web-based professional network and technical resource center from IBM for software developers, IT professionals, and students worldwide. The site attracts over 5 million unique visitors per month in 195 countries, and is designed to help users develop and master skills, solve problems, collaborate with peers, and stay ahead of the latest trends in open standards and IBM technologies.

IBM 8750 Switching System

IBM Displaywriter System

The IBM 6400 series is a series of four calculating and accounting machines produced by IBM starting in 1962. The IBM 6405 was a desk-size calculator, and the 6410, 6420, and 6430 were more advanced accounting machines. The output for each machine was facilitated a keyboardless IBM Selectric typewriter mounted above the CPU. Programming was done by a control panel. Calculations were done by electronics (SMS) and program steps were controlled by relays. Optional input/output devices included a card reader and punch, a paper tape reader and punch, and a magnetic card reader. The magnetic card reader used a large card (30 cm x 35 cm) with the top part used as a printer ledger. A 2.5 cm 4-track magnetic strip was across the bottom of the card. The 6405, 6410, and 6420 were developed by IBM in Lexington, Kentucky, United States, in the early 1960s. Manufacturing was done by IBM in Lexington and by IBM in Don Mills, Ontario, Canada. In 1966 all work was transferred to Don Mills. In 1968 an IBM 6430 was developed in Don Mills. The programming was done on cards and the programs steps were controlled by electronics (SMS). Production of all models in the 6400 series ended in the early 1970s.

IBM AS/400

IBM Data magazine is a U.S.-based custom, online magazine published by TDA Group for IBM Corp. With a worldwide readership of more than 100,000, the magazine provides how-to information about DB2, Informix, UniVerse, and UniData, along with coverage of related tools, software, and solutions (including those that fall under IBM's Information On Demand initiative). The magazine was established in 1996 as DB2 Magazine. It was acquired in 2001 by the IBM Corporation. In 2008, the magazine's name changed to IBM Database Magazine before later changing to IBM Data Management magazine in 2009 when it switched publishers. With a worldwide readership of more than 100,000, the magazine provides how-to information about IBM information management software, including the DB2, Informix, UniVerse, and UniData data servers, and related tools, software, and solutions (including those that fall under IBM's Information On Demand initiative). The publication was renamed to IBM Data magazine in 2012 to reflect the magazine's shift to cover more of IBM's data management product portfolio.

IBM Dublin Research Laboratory

IBM 726

The IBM 650 Magnetic Drum Data-Processing Machine is one of IBM's early computers, and the world’s first mass-produced computer. It was announced in 1953 and in 1956 enhanced as the IBM 650 RAMAC with the addition of up to four disk storage units. Almost 2,000 systems were produced, the last in 1962. Support for the 650 and its component units was withdrawn in 1969. The 650 was a two-address, bi-quinary coded decimal computer (both data and addresses were decimal), with memory on a rotating magnetic drum. Character support was provided by the input/output units converting punched card alphabetical and special character encodings to/from a two-digit decimal code. The 650 was marketed to business, scientific and engineering users as well as to users of punched card machines who were upgrading from calculating punches, such as the IBM 604, to computers. Because of its relatively low cost and ease of programming, the 650 was used to pioneer a wide variety of applications, from modeling submarine crew performance to teaching high school and college students computer programming.

IBM Electric typewriter

IBM 9020

IBM AIX/390

The IBM Building is a 20-story skyscraper in the Metropolitan Tract at 1200 Fifth Avenue, Seattle, Washington. The building was designed by Minoru Yamasaki, who also was architect of Rainier Tower on the corner diagonally opposite, and the World Trade Center in New York City. Its construction was completed in 1963. Nard Jones wrote in 1972 that "There is an architectural poetry about [the building] that is at variance with the endless jibes at computerization and the alleged sober pragmatism of IBM personnel." The corner of the complex at 5th Avenue and University Street was once the site of the Seattle Ice Arena from 1915 to 1963.

IBM 601

IBM 96-column punched card format

IBM Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking

CP-40 was a research precursor to CP-67, which in turn was part of IBM's then-revolutionary CP[-67]/CMS – a virtual machine/virtual memory time-sharing operating system for the IBM System/360 Model 67, and the parent of IBM's VM family. CP-40 ran multiple instances of client operating systems – particularly CMS, the Cambridge Monitor System, built as part of the same effort. Like CP-67, CP-40 and the first version of CMS were developed by IBM's Cambridge Scientific Center (CSC) staff, working closely with MIT researchers at Project MAC and Lincoln Laboratory. CP-40/CMS production use began in January 1967. CP-40 ran on a unique, specially modified IBM System/360 Model 40.

IBM Enterprise Identity Mapping

The IBM 7700 Data Acquisition System was announced by IBM on December 2, 1963. It was capable of collecting data from as many as 32 sources simultaneously, process the data and transmit results to up to 16 remote printers, display units or plot boards. The IBM 7700 was short-lived, being replaced by the IBM 1800 Data Acquisition and Control System on November 30, 1964. Two IBM 7700 Data Acquisition Systems are known to have existed: one at the University of Rochester and the other at Stanford University. Both were donated by IBM. The IBM 7700 was an 18-bit system, with instructions occupying two 18-bit words. Arithmetic instructions generally executed in two or three machine cycles, except for multiply, about 8 cycles, and divide, 12 cycles. A machine cycle was two microseconds. Address space was 262,144 words, but the two machines known to have been built had 16,384, 32,768 or 49,152 words. The IBM 7700 was contemporary with the IBM 7000 series but not considered a member of it.

IBM 714

IBM Balanced Configuration Unit

The IBM 7302 Core Storage unit was designed in 1957–1958 for the IBM 7030 (Stretch). The IBM 7030 could use from one to sixteen IBM 7302s (typically six); either individually or in interleaved groups of two or four. The IBM 7090 also used one IBM 7302. The IBM 7094 used one IBM 7302A. The IBM 7094 II used one IBM 7302, but it was a new model unique to the IBM 7094 II. The IBM 7080 also used one decimal model IBM 7302 with a different core stack than used in the binary models.

The IBM 7340 "Hypertape" system was a magnetic tape data storage format designed to work with the IBM 7074, 7080 and 7090 computers that was introduced in 1961 and withdrawn in 1971. As a technology, it deviated in several ways from the then dominant IBM 7 track system. It distinguished itself by having higher capacity, faster data transfer speed, faster load times, and lower wear on the tape. It achieved this by using tape that was twice as wide (1 vs. 1/2 inch), preloaded on two reels, held in a large cassette.

Common User Access (CUA) is a standard for user interfaces to operating systems and computer programs. It was developed by IBM and first published in 1987 as part of their Systems Application Architecture. Used originally in the MVS/ESA, VM/CMS, OS/400, OS/2 and Microsoft Windows operating systems, parts of the CUA standard are now implemented in programs for other operating systems, including variants of Unix. It is also used by Java AWT and Swing.

IBM 83

The IBM 702 was IBM's response to the UNIVAC—the first mainframe computer using magnetic tapes. Because these machines had less computational power than the IBM 701 and ERA 1103, which were favored for scientific computing, the 702 was aimed at business computing. The 702 was announced September 25, 1953, and withdrawn October 1, 1954, but the first production model was not installed until July 1955.

IBM Building, New York City

The IBM Electric typewriters were a series of electric typewriters that IBM manufactured, starting in the mid-1930s. They used the conventional moving carriage and typebar mechanism, as opposed to the fixed carriage and type ball used in the IBM Selectric, introduced in 1961. After 1944, each model came in both "Standard" and "Executive" versions, the latter featuring proportional spacing.

The IBM 610 Auto-Point Computer is one of the first personal computers, in the sense of a computer to be used by one person whose previous experience with computing might only have been with desk calculators. It was controlled interactively by a keyboard. The principal designer of this machine was John Lentz, as part of his work for the Watson Lab at Columbia University. Its price was $55,000, or it could be rented for $1150 per month ($460 academic). A total of 180 units were made. It was a slow and limited computer, and was generally replaced by the IBM 1620.

IBM Endpoint Manager

IBM 7302

IBM DOS

IBM Basic assembly language and successors

IBM 5x86C

IBM Building, Johannesburg

The IBM 610 Auto-Point Computer is one of the first personal computers, in the sense of a computer to be used by one person whose previous experience with computing might only have been with desk calculators. It was controlled interactively by a keyboard. The principal designer of this machine was John Lentz, as part of his work for the Watson Lab at Columbia University. The IBM 610 was introduced in 1957. It was small enough to easily fit in an office; it weighed about 800 pounds (360 kg). It was designed to be used in a normal office, without any special electrical or air conditioning requirements. It used vacuum tubes, a magnetic drum, and punched paper tape readers and punchers. The input was from a keyboard and output was to an IBM electric typewriter, at eighteen characters per second. It was one of the first (if not the first) computers to be controlled from a keyboard. The term "auto-point" referred to the ability to automatically adjust the decimal point in floating-point arithmetic. Its price was $55,000, or it could be rented for $1150 per month ($460 academic). A total of 180 units were made. It was a slow and limited computer, and was generally replaced by the IBM 1620.

IBM Airline Control Program

IBM ES/4381

IBM Basic

IBM Basic Programming Support/360 (BPS), originally called Special Support, was a set of standalone programs for System/360 mainframes with a minimum of 8 KiB of memory. BPS was developed by IBM's General Products Division in Endicott, New York. The package included "assemblers, IOCS, compilers, sorts, and utilities but no governing control program." BPS components were introduced in a series of product announcements between 1964 and 1965. BPS came in two versions — a strictly card system and a tape based system which, contrary to the stated goals, kept a small supervisor permanently resident.

IBM 608

IBM Current 1.1 was a Microsoft Windows 1.0-based graphical user interface relational database/personal information manager, introduced in 1990. It was revised as a software package called Commence by Jensen-Jones Inc., and included some of the features of ACT! and FileMaker Pro.

IBM DOS 5.01

IBM DOS 4.01

IBM Data Magazine

Big Blue, BBB

IBM 878

IBM Cell

IBM Data Science Experience

IBM Bluemix

IBM 5550

AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive, pronounced ) is a series of proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM for several of its computer platforms. Originally released for the IBM RT PC RISC workstation, AIX now supports or has supported a wide variety of hardware platforms, including the IBM RS/6000 series and later POWER and PowerPC-based systems, IBM System i, System/370 mainframes, PS/2 personal computers, and the Apple Network Server. AIX is based on UNIX System V with 4.3BSD-compatible extensions. It is one of six commercial operating systems that have versions certified to The Open Group's UNIX 03 standard (the others being macOS, Solaris, Inspur K-UX, HP-UX, and eulerOS). The AIX family of operating systems debuted in 1986, became the standard operating system for the RS/6000 series on its launch in 1990, and is still actively developed by IBM. It is currently supported on IBM Power Systems alongside IBM i and Linux. AIX was the first operating system to have a journaling file system, and IBM has continuously enhanced the software with features such as processor, disk and network virtualization, dynamic hardware resource allocation (including fractional processor units), and reliability engineering ported from its mainframe designs.

IBM 80 series Card Sorters

IBM 704 BCD code

IBM Butterfly keyboard

IBM Compatible Computer

IBM DOS/V Extension V2.0

IBM 7437

IBM Corporation

IBM Current

The IBM BladeCenter was IBM's blade server architecture, until it was replaced by Flex System. The x86 division was later sold to Lenovo in 2014.

IBM DOS 5.0

IBM Common Public License

IBM Advanced BASIC (BASICA)

IBM Blue Gene/L

IBM Big Blue (disambiguation)

IBM Cognos Business Intelligence

IBM 740 and 780

AIX (Advanced Interactive eXecutive, pronounced ) is a series of proprietary Unix operating systems developed and sold by IBM for several of its computer platforms. Originally released for the IBM RT PC RISC workstation, AIX now supports or has supported a wide variety of hardware platforms, including the IBM RS/6000 series and later POWER and PowerPC-based systems, IBM System i, System/370 mainframes, PS/2 personal computers, and the Apple Network Server.

IBM Betriebssystem/2

IBM Enterprise Identity Mapping (EIM) is a framework from IBM that allows the mapping of different identities (user IDs) on various platforms, user repositories and applications to a single identity. It can be used with a range of authentication mechanisms such as Kerberos (protocol) (e.g. as used by MS Active Directory) to allow one user repository to authenticate the user and for this information to be passed via a secure token to another platform for authorisation even when the User IDs differ. The target platform refers to EIM to obtain the mapping identity for its own repository. In this way it enables single sign-on. It is sometimes possible to eliminate passwords on the target system. It is available free of charge on all IBM server platforms including those running z/OS, IBM i, IBM AIX, Linux, PowerLinux and Windows Server plus earlier releases such as i5/OS. In the case of IBM i both EIM and Kerberos authentication are an integral part of the OS.

IBM 7044

IBM ACRITH

The IBM 601 Multiplying Punch was a unit record machine that could read two numbers from a punched card and punch their product in a blank field on the same card. The factors could be up to eight decimal digits long. The 601 was introduced in 1931 and was the first IBM machine that could do multiplication. In 1936 W. J. Eckert connected a modified 601 to a 285 tabulator and an 016 duplicating punch through a custom switch he designed and used the combined setup to perform scientific calculations.

Basic Assembly Language (BAL) is the commonly used term for a low-level programming language used on IBM System/360 and successor mainframes. Originally, "Basic Assembly Language" applied only to an extremely restricted dialect designed to run under control of IBM Basic Programming Support (BPS/360) on systems with only 8 KB of main memory, and only a card reader, a card punch, and a printer for input/output — thus the word "Basic". However, the full name and the initialism "BAL" almost immediately attached themselves in popular use to all assembly-language dialects on the System/360 and its descendants. BAL for BPS/360 was introduced with the System/360 in 1964. Assemblers on other System/360 operating systems through System/370, System/390, and System z, as well as the UNIVAC Series 90 mainframes made by Sperry Corporation, and the BS2000 Mainframes currently made by Fujitsu, inherited and extended its syntax. The latest derived language is known as the IBM High-Level Assembler (HLASM). Programmers utilizing this family of assemblers also refer to them as ALC, (for Assembly Language Coding), or simply "assembler". BAL is also the mnemonic of the "Branch And Link" instruction.

IBM Center for The Business of Government

IBM Business Continuity and Resiliency Services

IBM Blue Gene/L prototype

Basic Assembly Language (BAL) is the commonly used term for a low-level programming language used on IBM System/360 and successor mainframes. Originally, "Basic Assembly Language" applied only to an extremely restricted dialect designed to run under control of IBM Basic Programming Support (BPS/360) on systems with only 8 KB of main memory, and only a card reader, a card punch, and a printer for input/output — thus the word "Basic". However, the full name and the initialism "BAL" almost immediately attached themselves in popular use to all assembly-language dialects on the System/360 and its descendants. BAL for BPS/360 was introduced with the System/360 in 1964.

IBM Cloud and Smarter Infrastructure group is an umbrella of computer system solutions from IBM that includes data storage management, enterprise asset management and IT Service Management. In April 2013, IBM renamed its former Software Group division “” to “Cloud & Smarter Infrastructure”. Cloud & Smarter Infrastructure group consists of a range of IT operations and Systems Management technology including the following IBM portfolio:Tivoli, Maximo, TRIRIGA, Endpoint Manager, and SmartCloud service management offerings

IBM Big Blue (rugby union)

IBM Almaden Research Center

The IBM 608 Transistor Calculator, a plugboard-programmable unit, was the first IBM product to use transistor circuits without any vacuum tubes and is believed to be the world's first all-transistorized calculator to be manufactured for the commercial market. Announced in April 1955, it was released in December 1957. The 608 was withdrawn from marketing in April 1959.

IBM CASCON

IBM DeepQA

IBM ASCC

IBM DisplayWrite

IBM DOS 5.00

IBM DOS/V Extension 2.0

The IBM 7302 Core Storage unit was designed in 1957–1958 for the IBM 7030 (Stretch). The IBM 7030 could use from one to sixteen IBM 7302s (typically six); either individually or in interleaved groups of two or four. The IBM 7090 also used one IBM 7302. The IBM 7094 used one IBM 7302A. The IBM 7094 II used one IBM 7302, but it was a new model unique to the IBM 7094 II. The IBM 7080 also used one decimal model IBM 7302 with a different core stack than used in the binary models. The core memory in the IBM 7302 was heated/cooled to stabilize its operating characteristics. Early units immersed the core stack in heated/cooled oil. Later units, called the IBM 7302A, blew heated/cooled air through the core stack. The use of smaller cores in the IBM 7302A allowed the cycle time to be reduced to 2.0µs for the IBM 7094. The use of even smaller cores in the IBM 7302 Model 3 allowed the cycle time to be reduced to 1.4µs for the IBM 7094 II.

DPCX (Distributed Processing Control eXecutive) was an operating system for the IBM 8100 small computer system. IBM hoped it would help their installed base of IBM 3790 customers migrate to the 8100 and the DPPX operating system. It was mainly deployed to support a word processing system, Distributed Office Support Facility (DOSF) which was derived from the earlier IBM 3730 word processing system.

IBM 7000

IBM DOS/V extension 2.0

The IBM 740 CRT Recorder was announced in 1954 and used with the IBM 701, IBM 704, and IBM 709 computers to draw vector graphics images, point by point, on 35 mm photographic film (i.e. microfilm). The 740 film recorder contained digital to analog converters and a 7-inch, high precision, electrostatic CRT. The raster size was 1024 by 1024, but only 256 resolved spots could be displayed on a vertical or horizontal line. Points could be displayed in one of two intensities, and a line could be drawn from a point, vertically or horizontally, to the edge of the display to form an axis.

IBM BLU Acceleration

IBM Composer

IBM 7094

Airline Control Program (ACP)

IBM Color Graphics Adapter

IBM's Cross System Product (CSP) was an application generator intended to create online systems on IBM's mainframe platforms. Introduced in 1981, CSP consisted of a set of source code generators that allowed developers to interactively define, test, generate, and execute application programs. CSP was composed of two products:
* Cross System Product/Application Development (CSP/AD) - development environment.
* Cross System Product/Application Execution (CSP/AE) - runtime environment. CSP version 3 was released in 1986 with extended functions:

IBM Autocoder

IBM AP-101

IBM AN/FSQ-7 Combat Direction Central

IBM 7 Track

IBM China Research Lab

IBM Configuration Management Version Control (CMVC)

IBM DeveloperWorks

IBM 728

The IBM 727 Magnetic Tape Unit was announced for the IBM 701 and IBM 702 on September 25, 1953. It became IBM's standard tape drive for their early vacuum tube era computer systems. Later vacuum tube machines and first-generation transistor computers used the IBM 729-series tape drive. The 727 was withdrawn on May 12, 1971. The tape had seven parallel tracks – six for data and one to maintain parity. Tapes with character data (BCD) were recorded in even parity. Binary tapes used odd parity. Aluminum strips were glued several feet from the ends of the tape to serve as logical beginning and end of tape markers. Write protection was provided by a removable plastic ring in the back of the tape reel.

IBM Director

IBM 80-series Card Sorters

Configuration Management Version Control (CMVC) is a software package that serves as an object repository, and performs software version control, configuration management, and change management functions.

IBM 850

IBM Cognos 8 Business Intelligence

IBM 7072

IBM 80-column card

The IBM eXtended Density Format (XDF) is a way of formatting standard high-density 3½-inch and 5¼-inch floppy disks to larger-than-standard capacities. It is supported natively by IBM's PC DOS versions 7 and 2000 and by OS/2 Warp 3 onward, using the XDF and XDFCOPY commands (directly in OS/2). When formatted as XDF disks, 3½-inch floppies can hold 1860 KB, and 5¼-inch floppies can hold 1540 KB, using different number of sectors as well as different sector size per track (not all sectors in the same track are of the same size). However, the first cylinder uses standard formatting, providing a small FAT12 section that can be accessed without XDF support and on which can be put a ReadMe file or the XDF drivers. Floppy distributions of OS/2 3.0, PC DOS 7 and onward used XDF formatting for most of the media set. Floppy disks formatted using XDF can only be read in floppy disk drives that are attached directly to the system by way of a FDC. Thus, USB attached floppy drives cannot read XDF formatted media.

IBM DOS 3.40

IBM DPPX

IBM BS12

IBM DOS/V

IBM 7330

IBM DOS/V extension 1.0

IBM 5880

IBM 82

The IBM 7080 was a variable word length BCD transistor computer in the IBM 700/7000 series commercial architecture line, introduced in August 1961, that provided an upgrade path from the vacuum tube IBM 705 computer. The 7080 weighed about 19,700 pounds (9.9 short tons; 8.9 t).

The IBM Personal Computer Basic, commonly shortened to IBM BASIC, is a programming language first released by IBM with the IBM Personal Computer, Model 5150 (PC) in 1981. IBM released four different versions of the Microsoft BASIC interpreter, licensed from Microsoft for the PC and PCjr. They are known as Cassette BASIC, Disk BASIC, Advanced BASIC (BASICA), and Cartridge BASIC. Versions of Disk BASIC and Advanced BASIC were included with IBM PC DOS up to PC DOS 4. In addition to the features of an ANSI standard BASIC, the IBM versions offered support for the graphics and sound hardware of the IBM PC line. Source code could be typed in with a full-screen editor, and very limited facilities were provided for rudimentary program debugging. IBM also released a version of the Microsoft BASIC co

IBM 6152 RT

IBM Cloud and Smarter Infrastructure

The IBM 728 magnetic tape drive was used on the SAGE AN/FSQ-7 computer. It was physically similar to the IBM 727, but with significantly different specifications. This is one of several IBM 7 track tape drives. Tape Word Bit Positions -----------------------------> Tape travel LS L6 L12 R2 R8 R14 L1 L7 L13 R3 R9 R15 L2 L8 L14 R4 R10 P SYN SYN SYN SYN SYN SYN L3 L9 L15 R5 R11 EOF L4 L10 RS R6 R12 EOF L5 L11 R1 R7 R13 EOF -----------------------------> Tape travel

IBM DOS 4.02

AIX

IBM Enterprise Identity Mapping (EIM) is a framework from IBM that allows the mapping of different identities (user IDs) on various platforms, user repositories and applications to a single identity. It can be used with a range of authentication mechanisms such as Kerberos (protocol) (e.g. as used by MS Active Directory) to allow one user repository to authenticate the user and for this information to be passed via a secure token to another platform for authorisation even when the User IDs differ. The target platform refers to EIM to obtain the mapping identity for its own repository.

DPCX (Distributed Processing Control eXecutive) was an operating system for the IBM 8100 small computer system. IBM hoped it would help their installed base of IBM 3790 customers migrate to the 8100 and the DPPX operating system. It was mainly deployed to support a word processing system, Distributed Office Support Facility (DOSF) which was derived from the earlier IBM 3730 word processing system. Like DPPX, it was written in the PL/S-like PL/DS language. The applications, including much of DOSF, however, were written an interpreted language that was "compiled" using the System/370 assembler macro facility. The 8100/DPCX/DOSF system was the first type of distributed system to connect to the IBM Distributed Office Support System (DISOSS) running on data host. Later versions of DISOSS relied on SNA Distribution System (SNADS) and eventually became peer-to-peer communication of documents which complied with Document Interchange Architecture (DIA) and Document Content Architecture (DCA) as other types of distributed system gained DISOSS support - Scanmaster, Displaywriter, and 5520 Office System.

IBM 7702

The IBM 728 magnetic tape drive was used on the SAGE AN/FSQ-7 computer. It was physically similar to the IBM 727, but with significantly different specifications. This is one of several IBM 7 track tape drives.

IBM 7094 II

IBM Enterprise Generation Language

The IBM Big Blue are an American football team located in the Tsukuba, Ibaraki. They are a member of the X-League.

IBM Deep Blue

IBM Enterprise System/9000 (ES/9000) Processor Family

IBM Configuration Management Version Control

IBM Coupling Facility

IBM 6640

IBM Defense Calculator

IBM 700/7000 series

IBM Convertible

IBM AIX

IBM Compilers

IBM Corp.

IBM Big Blue (X-League)

IBM 712

IBM BladeCenter

IBM CDRA

IBM 7094 Model II

IBM 7030

IBM AIX/370

IBM 7080

The IBM 7700 Data Acquisition System was announced by IBM on December 2, 1963. It was capable of collecting data from as many as 32 sources simultaneously, process the data and transmit results to up to 16 remote printers, display units or plot boards. The IBM 7700 was short-lived, being replaced by the IBM 1800 Data Acquisition and Control System on November 30, 1964. Two IBM 7700 Data Acquisition Systems are known to have existed: one at the University of Rochester and the other at Stanford University. Both were donated by IBM.

IBM 7300

IBM Business System 12

IBM 9340

IBM DOS/V extension

IBM CDRA CPGID

IBM 727

IBM Basic assembly language

IBM 81

The IBM 7080 was a variable word length BCD transistor computer in the IBM 700/7000 series commercial architecture line, introduced in August 1961, that provided an upgrade path from the vacuum tube IBM 705 computer. The 7080 weighed about 19,700 pounds (9.9 short tons; 8.9 t). After the introduction of the IBM 7070, in June 1960, as an upgrade path for both the IBM 650 and IBM 705 computers, IBM realized that it was so incompatible with the 705 that few users of that system wanted to upgrade to the 7070. That prompted the development of the 7080, which was fully compatible with all models of the 705 and added many improvements.

IBM 700

The IBM 704, introduced by IBM in 1954, is the first mass-produced computer with floating-point arithmetic hardware. The IBM 704 Manual of operation states: The type 704 Electronic Data-Processing Machine is a large-scale, high-speed electronic calculator controlled by an internally stored program of the single address type. The 704 can execute up to 12,000 floating-point additions per second. IBM sold 140 type 704 systems between 1955 and 1960.

IBM Cassette tape

IBM Blue Gene/Q

IBM 650

C2T (an abbreviation for Cable Chaining Technology) is an IBM technology for KVM (keyboard, video, mouse) chaining. C2T, built into some of the IBM's xSeries and Netfinity models, allows daisy-chaining up to forty-two compatible servers in a single rack. Servers are daisy-chained using a special purpose cable which is included with new servers. The final server in the stack is connected to a monitor/keyboard/mouse or a KVM switch using a C2T breakout cable, which provides PS/2 and VGA connectors. The breakout cable was once very expensive to purchase new, but are now obtainable for less than $30 USD online.

IBM AN/FSQ-31

IBM Austin Research Laboratory

IBM Big Blue

Distributed Processing Programming Executive is a discontinued operating system introduced by IBM, pre-installed on the IBM 8100 and later ported to the ES/9370.

IBM API Management (with version 5 renamed to IBM API Connect) is an API Management platform for use in the API Economy. IBM API Connect enables users to create, assemble, manage, secure and socialize web application programming interfaces (APIs). It runs as a Virtual appliance on a Virtual machine and uses the IBM WebSphere DataPower SOA Appliances as gateways. It provides a developer portal for application developers and to view published APIs. An administration portal allows users to establish policies for APIs such as self-registration, quotas, key management and security policies. An analytics engine provides role-based analytics for API owners, solution administrators and application developers in order to manage APIs and ensure service levels are being achieved.There is also a service called Cloud Manager where the platform is setup with servers, clusters, gateways, user repositories, etc. Swagger (now called OpenAPI) and WSDL documents can be loaded and parsed into APIs. APIs can be created by describing the input and output in the API Manager User Interface by configuration. APIs can then be decorated with additional data in the form of tags, binary documentation and documentation URLs. APIs can proxy an existing API or use an assembly where a flow is created. In such an assembly flow it is possible to call out to other services, transform response data, redact information and map response data from external APIs to the response of the API. Plans can be created which specify rate limits, whether sign ups need to be approved, and a collection of APIs to offer to developers. Plans can be published to a specific environment. An environment consists of a management server (with management console and developer portal) and an API gateway. Plans published to an environment can be visible in the developer portal, enabling developers to sign up to plans and use the APIs contain within. API business owners can customize their developer portal with their branding to advertise, market, socialize and sell APIs. Plans published to an environment can be invoked on the API gateway, delegating to the API gateway responsibility for rate limits, rejecting unknown users and scalability. The API Gateway is one or more IBM DataPower Gateway devices. The API gateway collects invocation metrics which are available for analysis in the developer portal and API Manager user interfaces. Example metrics collected are API usage, success and failures.

IBM ALP

IBM Advanced Systems Development Division

IBM Systems Director is an element management system (EMS) (sometimes referred to as a "workgroup management system") first introduced by IBM in 1993 as NetFinity Manager. The software was originally written to run on OS/2 2.0. It has subsequently gone through a number of name changes in the interim. It was changed in 1996 to IBM PC SystemView. Later that same year, it was renamed to TME 10 NetFinity. The following year, it reverted to a slightly altered version of its original name: IBM Netfinity Manager (note the lowercase 'f'). In 1999, IBM announced Netfinity Director; a new product based on Tivoli IT Director. It was intended as a replacement for IBM Netfinity Manager. When IBM renamed its Netfinity line of enterprise servers to xSeries, the name was changed to IBM Director. With the release of version 6.1, the product was renamed from IBM Director to IBM Systems Director. IBM Director consists of 3 components: an agent, a console and a server. To take full advantage of IBM Director's capabilities, the IBM Director Agent must be installed on the monitored system. Inventory and management data are stored in an SQL database (Oracle, SQL Server, IBM DB2 Universal Database or PostgreSQL) which can be separate or on the same server where IBM resides. Smaller deployments can also utilize Microsoft's Jet or MSDE. The server is configured and managed using the IBM Director Console from any Linux or Microsoft Windows workstation. IBM Systems Director has been removed from marketing and is scheduled to reach end of service in April 2018.

Business System 12, or simply BS12, was one of the first fully relational database management systems, designed and implemented by IBM's Bureau Service subsidiary at the company's international development centre in Uithoorn, Netherlands. Programming started in 1978 and the first version was delivered in 1982. It was never widely used and essentially disappeared soon after the division was shut down in 1985, possibly because IBM and other companies settled on SQL as the standard. BS12's lasting contribution to history was the use of a new query language based on ISBL, created at IBM's UK Scientific Centre. Developers of the famous System R underway in the US at the same time were also consulted on certain matters concerning the engine, but the BS12 team rejected SQL unequivocally, being convinced that this apparently unsound and difficult-to-use language (which at that time was also relationally incomplete) would never catch on. BS12 included a number of interesting features that have yet to appear on most SQL-based systems, some a consequence of following the ISBL precedent, others due to deliberate design. For instance, a view could be parameterised and parameters could be of type TABLE. Thus, a view could in effect be a new relational operator defined in terms of the existing operators. Codd's DIVIDE operator was in fact implemented that way. Another feature that could have easily been included in SQL systems was the support for update operations on the catalog tables (system tables describing the structure of the database, as in SQL). A new table could be created by inserting a row into the TABLES catalog, and then columns added to it by inserting into COLUMNS. In addition, BS12 was ahead of SQL in supporting user-defined functions and procedures, using a sublanguage, triggers, and a simple "call" interface for use by application programs, all in its very first release in 1982.

IBM 780

IBM DOS 3.3

IBM Application Performance Management is an offering that enables IT operations and DevOps and personnel to detect, isolate and diagnose problems in their hybrid cloud development and production environments. The solution is part of the IBM IT Service Management portfolio, which is a key component of IBM Cloud solutions. The offering provides capabilities such as End User Management (EUM), Application Discovery, Application Diagnostics, Transaction profiling and IT Operations Analytics. IBM Application Performance Management solutions are available in both SaaS (software-as-a-service), hybrid and on-premises delivery models. IBM Application Performance Management was a part of IBM Tivoli brand until 2013. IBM IT Service Management (ITSM) portfolio is the umbrella offering which provides end to end visibility, control and automation for IT staff to manage their company's business applications and services on-premises and in the cloud. IBM IT Service Management solutions deliver on Operations, Application Performance Management, Automation and Analytics. Operations: IBM Operations and Network Management is designed to help IT operations teams become more efficient by visualizing their data center or cloud in one pane of glass and providing analytical capabilities to streamline its operations. The IBM Netcool family of products deliver this capability. Application Performance Management: IBM Application Performance Management solutions help IT operations and DevOps to perform continuous delivery of critical business applications. IBM Application Performance Management helps development, test and production operations teams. IBM Application Performance Management provides comprehensive coverage across 70+ environments which include most proprietary and open platforms. Automation: IBM Workload Automation helps companies automate the management of traditional and cloud workloads that support business critical applications. It provides the most efficient way of delivering self-managed workloads. Market Position: IDC, an independent analyst firm ranked IBM as market leader in application performance management with 15.2% market share in their Worldwide Application Performance Management Software 2013 Vendor Shares report and Gartner stated that IBM Application performance management market grew at 14% in 2014–2015.

IBM 80 series card sorters

IBM AT

IBM CityOne

IBM Consulting

IBM DDM

IBM 9330 Family

IBM BIOS

IBM Database Magazine

The IBM Austin Research Laboratory (ARL) was established in 1995 and is one of twelve IBM Research laboratories worldwide. Research in the lab primarily focuses on high-speed microprocessor design, hardware design and simulation, software-defined networking, analytics, and mobility. In addition, projects in diverse areas, such as flood prediction and cancer therapy, have been developed in the lab.

IBM 6151 RT

The IBM 7950, also known as Harvest, was a one-of-a-kind adjunct to the Stretch computer which was installed at the United States National Security Agency (NSA). Built by IBM, it was delivered in 1962 and operated until 1976, when it was decommissioned. Harvest was designed to be used for cryptanalysis.

IBM Academic Operating System

IBM 9672

IBM BOS/360

IBM AIX SMIT

IBM 729

IBM CGA

IBM Basic Programming Support

The IBM Personal Computer Basic, commonly shortened to IBM BASIC, is a programming language first released by IBM with the IBM Personal Computer, Model 5150 (PC) in 1981. IBM released four different versions of the Microsoft BASIC interpreter, licensed from Microsoft for the PC and PCjr. They are known as Cassette BASIC, Disk BASIC, Advanced BASIC (BASICA), and Cartridge BASIC. Versions of Disk BASIC and Advanced BASIC were included with IBM PC DOS up to PC DOS 4. In addition to the features of an ANSI standard BASIC, the IBM versions offered support for the graphics and sound hardware of the IBM PC line. Source code could be typed in with a full-screen editor, and very limited facilities were provided for rudimentary program debugging. IBM also released a version of the Microsoft BASIC compiler for the PC, concurrently with the release of PC DOS 1.10 in 1982.

IBM CGI Service Program (cgidev2)

The IBM 6640 printer was one of the world's first office ink jet printers. It was originally announced as the 46/40 but later renamed as 6640, as part of the Office System/6 word processing range in 1976.

IBM 5550 is a personal computer series that IBM marketed in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China in the 1980s and 1990s, for business use customers. In Japan, it was introduced in 1983 and promoted as "Multistation 5550 (マルチステーション5550)" because it had three roles in one machine: a PC, a word processing machine which was traditionally marketed as a machine different from a PC in Japan, and an IBM-host attached terminal.

IBSYS is the discontinued tape-based operating system that IBM supplied with its IBM 7090 and IBM 7094 computers. A similar operating system (but with several significant differences), also called IBSYS, was provided with IBM 7040 and IBM 7044 computers. IBSYS was based on FORTRAN Monitor System (FMS) and SHARE Operating System.

IBM BLU Acceleration is a collection of technologies from the IBM Research and Development Labs for analytical database workloads. BLU Acceleration integrates a number of different technologies including in-memory processing of columnar data, Actionable Compression (which uses approximate Huffman encoding to compress and pack data tightly), CPU Acceleration (which exploits SIMD technology and provides parallel vector processing), and Data Skipping (which allows data that's of no use to the current active workload to be ignored). The term ‘BLU’ does not stand for anything in particular; however it has an indirect play on IBM's traditional corporate nickname Big Blue. (Ten IBM Research and Development facilities around the world filed more than 25 patents while working on the Blink Ultra project, which has resulted in BLU Acceleration.)BLU Acceleration does not require indexes, aggregates or tuning. BLU Acceleration is integrated in Version 10.5 of IBM DB2 for Linux, Unix and Windows,(DB2 for LUW) and uses the same storage and memory constructs (i.e., storage groups, table spaces, and buffer pools), SQL language interfaces, and administration tools as traditional DB2 for LUW databases. BLU Acceleration is available on both IBM POWER and x86 processor architectures.

The IBM 738 was IBM's first core memory unit to use transistorized sense amplifier circuits. Designed in 1955 for the IBM 704, it used vacuum tubes for all other circuits, and provided a capacity of 32768 - 36-bit words. It was also used in the later IBM 709.

IBM Compatible

IBM China Research Laboratory

IBM 80

IBM Check Processing Control System

IBM Danmark A/S

The IBM 9020 is an IBM System/360 computer adapted into a multiprocessor system for use by the U.S. FAA for Air Traffic Control. Systems were installed in the FAA's 20 en route Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs), beginning in the late 1960s. The IBM 9020A, for example, was based on the 360/50 and the 9020D used two out of three or four 360/65 processors for flight and radar data processing with two out of three 360/50 processors providing input/output capability.

IBM 711

IBM BS/2

IBM Connections

The IBM eXtended Density Format (XDF) is a way of formatting standard high-density 3½-inch and 5¼-inch floppy disks to larger-than-standard capacities. It is supported natively by IBM's PC DOS versions 7 and 2000 and by OS/2 Warp 3 onward, using the XDF and XDFCOPY commands (directly in OS/2). When formatted as XDF disks, 3½-inch floppies can hold 1860 KB, and 5¼-inch floppies can hold 1540 KB, using different number of sectors as well as different sector size per track (not all sectors in the same track are of the same size).

IBM DOS/V EXTENSION

IBM Egypt

IBM Displaywriter

The IBM 6400 family of line matrix printers are modern highspeed business computer printers introduced by IBM in 1995. These printers are designed for use on a variety IBM systems including mainframes, servers, and PCs.

IBM 8000

IBM 704

IBM 704/9/90 FORTRAN Assembly Program

IBM Big Blue日本IBMビッグブルー

In computing, Advanced Program to Program Communication or APPC is a protocol which computer programs can use to communicate over a network. APPC is at the application layer in the OSI model, it enables communications between programs on different computers, from portables and workstations to midrange and host computers. APPC is defined as VTAM LU 6.2 ( Logical unit type 6.2 ) APPC was developed in 1982 as a component of IBM's Systems Network Architecture or SNA. Several APIs were developed for programming languages such as COBOL, PL/I, C or REXX. APPC software is available for many different IBM and non-IBM operating systems, either as part of the operating system or as a separate software package. APPC serves as a translator between application programs and the network. When an application on your computer passes information to the APPC software, APPC translates the information and passes it to a network interface, such as a LAN adapter card. The information travels across the network to another computer, where the APPC software receives the information from the network interface. APPC translates the information back into its original format and passes it to the corresponding partner application. APPC is mainly used by IBM installations running operating systems such z/OS (formerly MVS then OS/390), z/VM (formerly VM/CMS), z/TPF, IBM i (formerly OS/400), OS/2, AIX and z/VSE (formerly DOS/VSE). Microsoft also includes SNA support in Microsoft's Host Integration Server. Major IBM software products also include support for APPC, including CICS, DB2, CIM and WebSphere MQ. Unlike TCP/IP, in which both communication partners always possess a clear role (one is always server, and others always the client), APPC is a peer-to-peer protocol. The communication partners in APPC are equal, every application can be both server and client equally. The role, and the number of the parallel sessions between the partners, is negotiated over CNOS sessions (Change Number Of Session) with a special log mode (e.g. at IBM, 'snasvcmg'). Transmission of the data is made then by 'data sessions', their log modes can be determined in detail from the VTAM administrator (e.g. length of the data blocks, coding etc..). It was also apparent to the architects of APPC that it could be used to provide operating system services on remote computers. A separate architecture group was formed to use APPC to enable programs on one computer to transparently use the data management services of remote computers. For each such use, an APPC session is created and used in a client-server fashion by the Conversational Communications Manager of Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM). Message formats and protocols were defined for accessing and managing record-oriented files, stream-oriented files, relational databases (as the base architecture of Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA)), and other services. A variety of DDM and DRDA products were implemented by IBM and other vendors. With the increasing prevalence of TCP/IP, APPC has declined, although many IBM systems have translators, such as (), to allow sending APPC-formatted traffic over IP networks. APPC should not be confused with the similarly named APPN (Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking). APPC manages communication between programs, operating at the application and presentation layers. By contrast, APPN manages communication between machines, including routing, and operates at the transport and network layers.

IBM ES/9000 family

The IBM 709 was a computer system, initially announced by IBM in January 1957 and first installed during August 1958. The 709 was an improved version of its predecessor, the IBM 704, and was the second iteration of the IBM 700/7000 series of scientific computers. The improvements included overlapped input/output, indirect addressing, and three "convert" instructions which provided support for decimal arithmetic, leading zero suppression, and several other operations. The 709 had 32,768 words of 36-bit magnetic core memory and could execute 42,000 add or subtract instructions per second. It could multiply two 36-bit integers at a rate of 5000 per second. An optional hardware emulator executed legacy IBM 704 programs on the IBM 709. This was the first commercially available emulator. Registers and most 704 instructions were emulated in 709 hardware. Complex 704 instructions such as floating point trap and input-output routines were emulated in 709 software. The FORTRAN Assembly Program was first introduced for the 709. It was a large system; customer installations used 100 to 250 kW to run them and almost as much again on the cooling. It weighed about 2,110 pounds (960 kg) (without peripheral equipment).The 709 was built using vacuum tubes. IBM introduced a transistorized version of the 709, called the IBM 7090, in November 1959.

IBM 740

IBM 705

Business System 12, or simply BS12, was one of the first fully relational database management systems, designed and implemented by IBM's Bureau Service subsidiary at the company's international development centre in Uithoorn, Netherlands. Programming started in 1978 and the first version was delivered in 1982. It was never widely used and essentially disappeared soon after the division was shut down in 1985, possibly because IBM and other companies settled on SQL as the standard.

IBM 704 BCD

IBM C2T

IBM ES/9370

IBM Airline Control Program, or ACP, is a discontinued operating system developed by IBM beginning about 1965. In contrast to previous airline transaction processing systems, the most notable aspect of ACP is that it was designed to run on most models of the IBM System/360 mainframe computer family. This departed from the earlier model in which each airline had a different, machine-specific transaction system. Development began with SABRE (Semi-Automatic Business Research Environment), Deltamatic, and PANAMAC. From these Programmed Airline Reservations System (PARS) was developed. In 1969 the control program, ACP was separated from PARS; PARS keeping the functions for processing airline reservations and related data. In December 1979, ACP became known as ACP/TPF and then just TPF (Transaction Processing Facility) as the transaction operating system became more widely implemented by businesses other than the major airlines, such as online credit card processing, hotel and rental car reservations, police emergency response systems, and package delivery systems. The last "free" release of ACP, 9.2.1, was intended for use in bank card and similar applications. It was shipped on a "mini-reel" which contained a complete ACP system, and its libraries for restoration to IBM 3340 DASD packs. From that complete system one could easily create derivative works. A hypervisor was included, which allowed OS/370 VS1 or VS2 (SVS or MVS) to be run as a "guest" OS under ACP itself. The end-user documentation, which was shipped with the tape, took almost 60 linear inches of shelf space. See also IBM Airline Control System (ALCS), a variant of TPF specially designed to provide all the benefits of TPF (very high speed, high volume, high availability transaction processing) but with the advantages such as easier integration into the data center offered by running on a standard IBM operating system platform.

The IBM 704, introduced by IBM in 1954, is the first mass-produced computer with floating-point arithmetic hardware. The IBM 704 Manual of operation states: The type 704 Electronic Data-Processing Machine is a large-scale, high-speed electronic calculator controlled by an internally stored program of the single address type. The 704 at that time was thus regarded as "pretty much the only computer that could handle complex math." The 704 was a significant improvement over the earlier IBM 701 in terms of architecture and implementation. Like the 701, the 704 uses vacuum tube logic circuitry and 36-bit binary words. Changes from the 701 include the use of core memory instead of Williams tubes, floating-point arithmetic instructions, 15-bit addressing and the addition of three index registers. To support these new features, the instructions were expanded to use the full 36-bit word. The new instruction set, which is not compatible with the 701, became the base for the "scientific architecture" subclass of the IBM 700/7000 series computers. The 704 can execute up to 12,000 floating-point additions per second. IBM sold 140 type 704 systems between 1955 and 1960.

IBM 7340

IBM 7 track

IBM Advanced Function Printing (AFP)

The IBM 6400 family of line matrix printers are modern highspeed business computer printers introduced by IBM in 1995. These printers are designed for use on a variety IBM systems including mainframes, servers, and PCs. The IBM 6400 series printers are line matrix printers manufactured by Printronix Corpand rebranded for IBM. All internal parts have the Printronix Logo and/or artwork.Although they once did, IBM no longer manufactures printers. One of their old printer divisionsbecame Lexmark The other became the IBM Printing Systems Division, which was recently spun off to Ricoh. IBM now uses several different manufacturers to fill their printerrequirements under the IBM brand.

IBM 9345

IBM 716

IBM 709/90 9PAC

IBM BASIC

IBM 6410

IBM EasyWriter

IBM 6400 Series

IBM ES/9000

IBM 610

IBM Common User Access

IBM Deskstar

IBM BASICA

Data Science Experience (DSX) is IBM’s platform for data science, a workspace that includes multiple collaboration and open-source tools for use in data science. In DSX, a data scientist can create a project with a group of collaborators, all having access to various analytics models and using various languages (R/Python/Scala). DSX brings together staple open source tools including RStudio, Spark and Python in an integrated environment, along with additional tools such as a managed Spark service and data shaping facilities, in a secure and governed environment.

Central Business District

IBM Displayriter

IBM DOS/V Extension 1.0

IBM 916

IBM 7070

IBM Data Management magazine

IBM 6405

The IBM 632 was a valve-and-relay driven basic (very basic) accounting machine, introduced in 1958, that was available in seven different models. It consisted of an IBM Electric typewriter and at least a punched card unit (like the IBM 024) that housed the "electronics" in two gates (a relay gate and an electronic gate). Some machines also had a card reader unit (like the IBM 026). A small core memory provided storage for 8 numeric 12 digit words. The machine was programmed primarily with a plastic tape that moved synchronously with the typewriter carriage. Each tape would typically handle one application. The tape mechanism was mounted behind the carriage in the typewriter unit. Further programming was provided in the card machines program drums. Programs were only executed as the machine typed or spaced over a column - tabbing or carriage returning was not recognised. As the typewriter carriage moved from field to field three program entries were available in the last three columns of each field - as I recall they were Calc1, Calc2, and Pgm. One calculation was allowed in each Calc column. The PGM field allowed a program instruction - a jump in the form of a "jump" to a new column then auto printout of a calculated field (including decimal place control) as well as punched card control, etc. The PGM column was actually the column the typewriter would space to after typing the last character in the field (either under operator or PGM control). For example, after entering "price" then tabbing and entering "qty", the machine could automatically space through a dummy field, calculate the $amount on the way and then continue to print it out. The PGM field could then have dictated a carriage return, ready for the next entry. Two programs were allowed on each tape: primary and alternate. But by resetting the tab-stops it was possible to overlap programs in amazingly complex ways. Adding was carried out electronically, but multiplication was electro-mechanical. The machine gave off a characteristic kerr-ick-kit-i-tic, kerr-ick-kit-i-tic sound as the relays worked furiously. Multiplication took 3 or 4 seconds, addition, on the other, hand was immediate. Most machines were used for some type of order-entry/invoicing application, providing a hard-copy invoice and a punched card that could be processed further on some other system. Those with a card reader could do some of that processing themselves, especially if augmented with a sorter.

The IBM 740 CRT Recorder was announced in 1954 and used with the IBM 701, IBM 704, and IBM 709 computers to draw vector graphics images, point by point, on 35 mm photographic film (i.e. microfilm). The 740 film recorder contained digital to analog converters and a 7-inch, high precision, electrostatic CRT. The raster size was 1024 by 1024, but only 256 resolved spots could be displayed on a vertical or horizontal line. Points could be displayed in one of two intensities, and a line could be drawn from a point, vertically or horizontally, to the edge of the display to form an axis. Each point to be displayed was stored in a single 36 bit word, with 10 bits each for the X and Y coordinates, and 3 control bits, one to set either high or low intensity and two to indicate that an X or Y axis is to be drawn starting from the given point. If both the X and Y axis bits were set, a 45 degree line was drawn. The 740's CRT used a short persistence P11 phosphor. The film used was 35 mm and was stored in a magazine that could hold up to 100 feet. ASA 200 speed film was recommended. The film could be advanced under computer control. The IBM 780 CRT Display was a monitor that could be attached to the 740 and mirror to an operator what was being drawn on 740's CRT. The 780 had a 21-inch CRT with a longer persistence (2 second, nominal) P7 phosphor.

IBM CUA

IBM DOS 3.4

IBM 6580

IBM Cognos

IBM CCSID

IBM Enhanced Graphics Adapter