Friedrich Minoux (21 March 1877 – 16 October 1945) was a German industrialist and financier who is best known for being one of the owners of the Wannsee House, where the namesake conference that would decide the fate of millions at the hands of the Nazis during World War II was held in early 1942.

Friedrich Rupp

Friedrich Carl Adolf Neelsen (29 March 1854, Uetersen - April 11, 1894, Dresden) was a German pathologist.

Friedrich Moritz Brauer (12 May 1832, Vienna – 29 December 1904) was an Austrian entomologist who was Director of the Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum, Vienna, at the time of his death. He wrote many papers on Diptera and Neuroptera. From an assistant in the Entomological Museum at the University of Vienna, Brauer became Custodian of the collections in 1873 and in the following year was appointed Professor of zoology in the University. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Entomological Society of London in 1900. Brauer’s first work on the order Neuroptera, and his first entomological publication, in 1850, was a revision of the genus Chrysopa. This was followed during the next few years by numerous papers on the biology of the order which established his reputation as one of the foremost European authorities on the Neuroptera. 1858 he began studies of the life history of the Dipterous family Oestridae; the result was the publication in 1863 of “Monographie der Oestriden”. An outcome of these researches was the erection of two divisions of the Diptera, based mainly on the form of the pupa. The divisions are Orthorrhapha and Cyclorrhapha. Subsequent investigations into the metamorphoses of the entire order resulted in the publication of System of Diptera “based upon recent advances in anatomy and embryology”,which appeared in 1883. This was generally regarded as the best arrangement of the Diptera yet proposed. The system which with a review by Dr. Sharp appears in the “Cambridge Natural History” Insects part 1 p. 175 divides the class into no fewer than 17 orders, the old Linnean “Neuroptera” furnishing 7 of these. Brauer next worked on Tachinidae and other parasitic Diptera on which he published a treatise, in collaboration with Herr. Julius von Bergenstamm. Brauer identified the Phorid flies collected by the German medical doctor Hermann Reinhard, associated with exhumated bodies from Saxonia, thus contributing to a classic early work of forensic entomology Beiträge zur Gräberfauna. (Contributions on the fauna of graves.) Verh. k. & k. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 31 (1882) 207-210.

Friedrich Preller der Ältere

Gustav Friedrich Dettmar Philippi (14 July 1853, in Elberfeld – 26 April 1930, in Münster) was a German archivist and historian. He studied philology at the University of Bonn, receiving his doctorate in 1876 with a dissertation on the Tabula Peutingeriana. Following graduation, he worked as an archivist at the state archives in Münster. In 1888, he was appointed head of the state archives in Osnabrück and, in 1897, returned to Münster as director of the archives. He served as chairman of the Historical Commission for Westphalia and was an honorary professor at the University of Münster. He was also in charge of the archaeological excavation at Haltern.

Friedrich Ostermann (21 June 1932 – 22 October 2018) was an Auxiliary Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Münster. Ostermann was ordained on 11 February 1958. After an initial temporary appointment in Bockum-Hövel he became a Chaplain in Emsdetten, and then a parish priest in Rheine (Sacred Heart) in 1969 and in 1975 a Dean in the Office of the Rhine Deanery. From 2001 – 2006, Ostermann was the Chairman of the Journalism Commission of the German Bishops' Conference. On his 75th birthday he tendered his resignation to Pope Benedict XVI on 21 June 2007 which was accepted on 18 July that year.

Friedrich Otto Rudolf Sturm (6 January 1841 – 12 April 1919) was a German mathematician. His Ph.D. advisor was Heinrich Eduard Schroeter, and Otto Toeplitz was one of his Ph.D. students. His best ever proposal type claim is commonly known as "Sturm's Theorem" based on finding the complex imaginary roots of an infinite arbitrary-integer series.

Friedrich Ruge

Friedrich Mücke (born 12 March 1981) is a German actor. He appeared in more than twenty films since 2006. Many of the movies tackle issues around the former GDR.

Friedrich Nottbrock

Friedrich Müller (disambiguation)

Friedrich Rosen or Fritz Rosen (Leipzig, August 30, 1856 – November 27, 1935, Beijing) was a German Orientalist, diplomat and politician. From May to October 1921 he was the Foreign Minister of Germany.

Friedrich S. Rothschild

Friedrich Robert Wilms

Friedrich Munzer

Friedrich Müller (7 February 1907 – 15 May 1978) was a German international footballer.

Friedrich Richard Petri (1824–1857) was a German-born Texas painter whose works recorded life in the original German immigrant settlements, and portrayed Native American tribes in family settings.

Friedrich Pacius

Friedrich Radszuweit

Friedrich Ruthardt (9 December 1802 – 23 May 1862) was a German oboist and composer. He played in the Stuttgart court orchestra, and composed chorales as well as pieces for the oboe and the zither. One of the best-known 19th-century oboe concertos, by Bernhard Molique, was likely written for Ruthardt, and first performed at Stuttgart in 1829. Two of his sons were also musicians: Julius Ruthardt (1841–1909), a violinist; and Adolf Ruthardt (1849–1934), a music teacher and composer.

Friedrich Muller (footballer)

Friedrich Robert von Beringe (21 September 1865 – 5 July 1940) was a German army officer, born in Aschersleben. He was the son of Mathilde Luise and Captain Karl Robert von Beringe. In the small town in what is now Saxony-Anhalt, which then belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia, his father was a cavalry officer commanding a squadron of the 10th (Magdeburg) Hussars. Friedrich Robert followed his father's footsteps, becoming an officer in the Hussars Regiment No. 1. He was honored with the regimental ring, and became a close friend of his August von Mackensen, later becoming a Field Marshal, who commanded the regiment from 17 June 1893 to 27 January 1898. In 1894 von Beringe volunteered for the recently created Schutztruppe, the protective force of German East Africa, and he was promoted to Captain in 1899. Captain von Beringe, together with a physician, Dr. Engeland, a Corporal Ehrhardt, and twenty local troops with equipment and native porters left Usumbura in German East Africa on 19 August 1902. Their destination was the Sultan Msinga of Rwanda. They then headed north to the volcanic Virunga Mountains. On 17 October 1902 he shot two large apes that were unknown to science at the time. He sent them to the Natural History Museum in Berlin, where they were examined and documented by Paul Matschie. The species was named Gorilla beringei in his honor, a gorilla species distinct from the previously discovered western gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla"). This new species, commonly called "eastern gorilla", was later determined to consist of two subspecies: the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) and the eastern lowland gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri). In 1906, Captain von Beringe moved back to Germany. Until the beginning of World War II, he lived with his family in Dresden. On 5 July 1940, he died in Stettin after years of suffering from diabetes. A memorial plaque is dedicated to von Beringe at the entrance to the 400 square kilometer Virunga National Park.

Friedrich Münzer (22 April 1868 – 20 October 1942) was a German classical scholar noted for the development of prosopography, particularly for his demonstrations of how family relationships in ancient Rome connected to political struggles. He died in Theresienstadt concentration camp.

Friedrich Rinne

Friedrich Preller the Elder (25 April 1804 in Eisenach – 23 April 1878 in Weimar) was a German landscape painter and etcher. From 1832 he was a professor at the Fürstlichen freien Zeichenschule in Weimar. He was the father of the artist Friedrich Preller the Younger.

Friedrich Mohr

Friedrich Ranke (21 September 1882 - 11 October 1950) was a German medievalist philologist and folklorist. His Old Norse textbook Altnordisches Elementarbuch remains a standard, and all literature concerning Gottfried von Strassburgs Tristan und Isold uses Ranke's line numbering for references to the text.

Friedrich Salomon Rothschild (December 17, 1899, Giessen – March 6, 1995, Israel) was a German-Jewish psychiatrist and semiotician. He has coined the term biosemiotic in his work of 1962. He worked in Heidelberg (from 1925 to 1928) with psychotherapist Frieda Fromm-Reichmann (1889–1957) and psychoanalyst Erich Fromm (1900–1980), and in Frankfurt (from 1928 to 1933) with Kurt Goldstein (1878–1965). He was influenced by the philosophy of Ludwig Klages (1872–1956) with whom he corresponded.

Friedrich Pinter (born 22 February 1978) is an Austrian former biathlete.

Friedrich Ritter von Röth

Friedrich Prehn

Friedrich Jacob Theodor Pflaum (17 July 1846 – 28 July 1923) was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly multi-member seat of Murray from 1902 to 1915, representing the Australasian National League from 1905 to 1910 and the Liberal Union from 1910 to 1915.

Friedrich Pollock (; German: [ˈpɔlɔk]; 22 May 1894 – 16 December 1970) was a German social scientist and philosopher. He was one of the founders of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main, and a member of the Frankfurt School of neo-Marxist theory.

Friedrich Naumann (25 March 1860 – 24 August 1919) was a German liberal politician and Protestant parish pastor. The Friedrich Naumann Foundation of the Free Democratic Party is named after him.

Friedrich Prince Schwarzenberg

Friedrich Myconius (originally named Friedrich Mekum and also Friedrich Mykonius) (26 December 1490 – 7 April 1546) was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer. He was a colleague of Martin Luther. He was born in Lichtenfels, Bavaria. A friend and co-worker of Martin Luther, he preached Luther's message to the people of Gotha and Leipzig. He was sent to England to discuss the details of the Augsburg Confession, and later wrote a history of the reformation.

Friedrich Mieth

Friedrich Preisigke (14 February 1856 in Dessau – 8 February 1924 in Heidelberg) was a German Egyptologist and papyrologist.

Friedrich Paschen

Friedrich Nowottny (born 16 May 1929 in Hindenburg, Germany (modern Zabrze, Poland)) is a German television journalist.

Friedrich Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrucken-Birkenfeld

Friedrich Märker (March 7, 1893 in Augsburg, Bavaria – 27 April 1985, in Feldafing, Bavaria) was a German writer, essayist, theatre critic and publicist. His work focused on the physiognomy of the Nordic race (during the time of the Nazi regime), time and cultural criticism.He also wrote under the pseudonyms Alexander Stark, Nicholas Haug and Fyodor Ukrainow.

Friedrich Oskar Ruge (24 December 1894 – 3 July 1985) was an officer in the German Navy and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. He served as the first commander (Inspector of the Navy) of the post-war German Navy.

Friedrich Mykonius

Friedrich Robert Fahlmann

Friedrich Rühs

Friedrich Philipp Dulk (22 November 1788 in Stallupönen – 14 December 1851 in Königsberg) was a German pharmacist and chemist. He was the father of writer Albert Dulk (1819–1884) and father-in-law to mathematician Otto Hesse. He studied law at the University of Königsberg, and in the meantime received training in pharmacy from his brother. In 1812 he qualified as a pharmacist in Berlin, and three years later, took charge of his brother's pharmacy. In 1825 he obtained his habilitation and in 1833 became a full professor of chemistry at the University of Königsberg. In 1847 he was elected a delegate to the Prussian Landtag.

Friedrich Richter

Friedrich Nagel

Friedrich Nurnberg

Friedrich Preller der Jüngere

Friedrich Richard Petri

Friedrich "Fritz" Rumpelhardt (19 June 1920 – 20 January 2011) was a German air officer during World War II. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

Friedrich Naumann

Friedrich Nürnberg (8 August 1909 – 10 November 1984) was a German chess master. He took 12th at Bad Oeynhausen 1941 (the 8th German Chess Championship won by Paul Felix Schmidt and Klaus Junge), won ahead of Georg Klaus at Regensburg 1942 (the South German championship), shared 7th at Bad Oeynhausen 1942 (the 9th GER-ch, Ludwig Rellstab), took 14th at Augsburg 1946 (Wolfgang Unzicker won), took 5th at Riedenburg 1947 (Ludwig Rödl won), tied for 6-10th at Weidenau 1947 (the 1st Allied-occupied Germany-ch, Georg Kieninger won), tied for 9-10th at Essen 1948 (the 2nd Western zone-ch, Unzicker won), tied for 28-32nd at Bad Pyrmont 1949 (the 3rd Western zone-ch, Efim Bogoljubow won), took 8th at Augsburg 1951 (Bogoljubow won).

Johannes Friedrich Miescher

Friedrich Panse (born December 31, 1899 in Essen – died 6 December 1973 in Bochum) was a German psychiatrist who was involved with the Nazi T-4 Euthanasia Program. He was an advisor who "expertly guided" patients into gas chambers.

Friedrich Muench

Friedrich Reinitzer

Friedrich Sarre

Friedrich Navratil

Friedrich Ritter von Friedlaender-Mahlheim

The Reverend Friedrich Michael Ziegenhagen (1694 - 24 January 1776) was a German-English clergyman, who worked as a court preacher for the Hanoverian King George I of Great Britain. At the same time, he was a prominent Pietist and one of the most prominent members of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK).

Friedrich Persius

Friedrich Nietsche

Friedrich Miess

Friedrich Risner (c.1533 – 15 September 1580) (in Latin Fridericus Risnerus) was a German mathematician from Hersfeld, Hesse. He was an assistant to Petrus Ramus (from around 1565) and was the first chair of mathematics at Collège Royale de France (1576). He was the first to propose the idea of a portable camera obscura, which purportedly was to be used as an aid in the creation of artistic works. His idea consisted of a lightweight wooden hut that had small holes fitted with lenses in each wall, and a cube of paper placed in the centre for drawing.

Friedrich Panzinger

Friedrich Roderfeld

Friedrich Olbricht

Friedrich Rehberg

Friedrich Robert Fählmann

Fried(e)rich Christian Carl Heinrich Münter (14 October 1761 – 9 April 1830) was a German-Danish scholar, professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen, orientalist, church historian, archaeologist, Danish bishop of Zealand, and freemason. He was a brother of Sophie Christiane Friederike Brun.

Friedrich Samuel Bock (Königsberg 20 May 1716 – Königsberg 30 September 1785) was a German philosopher and theologian. In 1753 he was appointed first professor of Greek, then theology at the University of Königsberg, though he resigned both positions in 1770 due to the University's failure to pay a salary, plus the onerous duty that the professor of Greek had to lecture on the whole of the New Testament annually. He retained his previous position as university librarian, in all for twenty-seven years. It was in this position that Bock is associated with Immanuel Kant who was his assistant. At this period the library, or Schloßbibliothek, was situated in two rooms in the castle.

Friedrich Naumann Stiftung für die Freiheit

In progress Friedrich Rudolf von Rothenburg (9 September 1710 Schloss Nietków– 29 December 1751 in Berlin) was a lieutenant general, lord of Rothenburg an der Oder, and a knight of the Order of the Black Eagle.

Friedrich Mueller (linguist)

Friedrich Oltmanns

Friedrich Otto Rudolf Sturm

Friedrich Rehberg (22 October 1758 - 20 August 1835) was a German portrait and historical painter.

Friedrich Robert von Beringe

Friedrich Munch

Friedrich "Fritz" Rumpelhardt

Friedrich Peyer im Hof

Friedrich Prince of Schwarzenberg

Friedrich Salomon Rothschild (December 17, 1899, Giessen – March 6, 1995, Israel) was a German-Jewish psychiatrist and semiotician. He has coined the term biosemiotic in his work of 1962. He worked in Heidelberg (from 1925 to 1928) with psychotherapist Frieda Fromm-Reichmann (1889–1957) and psychoanalyst Erich Fromm (1900–1980), and in Frankfurt (from 1928 to 1933) with Kurt Goldstein (1878–1965). He was influenced by the philosophy of Ludwig Klages (1872–1956) with whom he corresponded. In 1935, he published the book “Symbolik des Hirnbaus: Erscheinungswissenschaftliche Untersuchung über den Bau und die Funktionen des Zentralnervensystems der Wirbeltiere und des Menschen”. He has developed the communicative approach in biology.

Johann Friedrich Reusch (born 5 September 1843 in Siegen; died 15 October 1906 in Agrigento) was a German sculptor.

Friedrich Preller the Elder

Friedrich Mieschler

Friedrich Paech

Friedrich Reindel (6 September 1824, in Werben (Elbe) – 27 September 1908, in Magdeburg) was Royal Prussian executioner (German: Scharfrichter) from 1873 to 1898. Responsible for carrying out capital punishment in the Prussian provinces, he executed a total of 213 people by beheading with an axe.

Johannes Friedrich Miescher (13 August 1844 – 26 August 1895) was a Swiss physician and biologist. He was the first researcher to isolate nucleic acid.

Friedrich Myconius (originally named Friedrich Mekum and also Friedrich Mykonius) (26 December 1490 – 7 April 1546) was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer. He was a colleague of Martin Luther. He was born in Lichtenfels, Bavaria. A friend and co-worker of Martin Luther, he preached Luther's message to the people of Gotha and Leipzig. He was sent to England to discuss the details of the Augsburg Confession, and later wrote a history of the reformation. In 1540 Myconius became sick and was expected to die within a short time. On his bed he wrote a loving farewell note to Luther with a trembling hand. Luther received the letter and sent back a reply: "I command thee in the name of God to live because I still have need of thee in the work of reforming the church.… The Lord will never let me hear that thou art dead, but will permit thee to survive me. For this I am praying, this is my will, and may my will be done, because I seek only to glorify the name of God." Although Myconius had already lost the ability to speak when Luther’s letter came, he recovered completely and lived six more years to survive Luther himself by two months.

Friedrich Olbricht (4 October 1888 – 21 July 1944) was a German general during World War II and one of the plotters involved in the 20 July Plot, an attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler in 1944.

Friedrich Piffl

Friedrich Rögelein

Friedrich Münch (June 25, 1799; Niedergemünden, Germany – 1881 Dutzow, Missouri) was a German-American rationalist, winemaker, Missouri State Senator, and prolific author for German emigrants, beginning in the 1830s.

Friedrich Morzik

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald

Friedrich Nerly

Friedrich Ramm (1744–1813) was a German oboist for whom Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote several works. Ramm was principal oboist in the orchestra of Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria in Munich and in Mannheim, where Mozart first met him in 1777. Mozart the following year composed a Sinfonia Concertante for Ramm and several of his colleagues, thought to be or be related to the Sinfonia Concertante for Oboe, Clarinet, Horn, Bassoon and Orchestra K. 297b. In 1781, Mozart wrote his Oboe Quartet, K. 370 for Ramm, while the composer was staying in Munich to finish Idomeneo. (The opera's superb oboe part was also composed for Ramm.) In 1787 (14 March) Mozart participated in a benefit concert for Ramm in Vienna.

Friedrich Noack, who wrote under the pseudonym F. Idus, (20 April 1858, Gießen – 1 February 1930, Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German cultural historian and author, who wrote several articles for the Künstlerlexikon (arts dictionary) Thieme-Becker. In 1886, he translated Sebastian Brant's "Narrenschiff" and published it with his own illustrations. For his work on the Germans in Rome in the 18th century, he devised a comprehensive archive of notes. On 18,000 slips of paper, it contains over 11,000 entries on artists active in Rome and their clients, usually in Gabelsberger shorthand, but also in newspaper cuttings and archive statements. Today the material is stored in the archive of the Bibliotheca Hertziana in Rome and is accessible online.

Oberleutnant Friedrich Ritter von Röth (29 September 1893 – 31 December 1918) was a German World War I fighter ace with 28 victories. He was the most successful German pilot at shooting down enemy observation balloons; 20 of his triumphs were against them.

Friedrich Nietzsche's views on women have attracted controversy, beginning during his life and continuing to the present.

Friedrich Percyval Reck-Malleczewen (11 August 1884 – 16 February 1945) was a German author. His best-known work is Diary of a Man in Despair, a journal in which he expressed his passionate opposition to Adolf Hitler and Nazism. He was eventually arrested by the Nazis and died allegedly of typhus at the Dachau concentration camp.

Friedrich Nerly or Federico Nehrlich (October 26, 1842 – 1919) was a german painter who specialized in seascapes.

Friedrich Richter (disambiguation)

Friedrich Ris (1867 – 1931 in Glarus) was a Swiss physician and entomologist who specialised in Odonata.He was Director of a psychiatric clinic in Rheinau, Switzerland.

Friedrich Ratzel (August 30, 1844 – August 9, 1904) was a German geographer and ethnographer, notable for first using the term Lebensraum ("living space") in the sense that the National Socialists later would.

Friedrich Order

Friedrich Robert Helmert (July 31, 1843 – June 15, 1917) was a German geodesist and an important writer on the theory of errors.

Friedrich W. Rainer (28 July 1903 – 19 July 1947) was an Austrian Nazi politician, Gauleiter as well as a state governor of Salzburg and Carinthia. He is the only Austrian governor who has ever held the same office in two separate states.

Friedrich Pein

Friedrich Rosenthal

Friedrich Parrot

Friedrich Muller

Friedrich Radszuweit (born 15 April 1876- 15 March 1932) was a German manager, publisher, and author.

Friedrich Rainer

Friedrich Emil Fritz Prym (28 September 1841, Düren – 15 December 1915, Bonn) was a German mathematician who introduced Prym varieties and Prym differentials. Prym completed his Ph.D. at the University of Berlin in 1863 with a thesis written under the direction of Ernst Kummer and Martin Ohm. In 1867 he started a Professor at the University of Würzburg, where he later became Dean, and then Rector in 1897–98.

Friedrich Richelot

Friedrich Risner

Friedrich Nerly (disambiguation)

Friedrich Nürnberg

Friedrich Gottlieb Nagel (1864-1907) was the co-founder of Kuehne + Nagel, the global transportation and logistics company. Nagel co-founded Kuehne + Nagel with August Kühne (1855-1932) in Bremen in 1890.

Friedrich Nietzsche/Works

Friedrich Nicolaus Brauns

Friedrich Muller (disambiguation)

Friedrich Paul Reichel (born 23 December 1858 in Breslau, died December 1934) was a German surgeon. 1881 - 1885: Assistant (Breslau - Surgery - Fischer) 1882: Doctor of medicine 1885 - 1888: Assistant (Berlin - Gynecology - Karl Ludwig Ernst Schroeder and Robert Michel von Olshausen) 1888 - 1892: Assistant (Würzburg - Surgery - Karl Wilhelm Ernst Joachim Schönborn) 1889: Habilitation in Surgery 1896: Moved to Breslau

Friedrich Pinter

Friedrich Polack

Friedrich Nicolaus Bruhns or Brauns (11 February 1637 in Lollfuß – 13 March 1718 in Hamburg) was a German composer and music director in Hamburg. Bruhns was born in Lollfuß, Schleswig. In 1682 he succeeded Nicolaus Adam Strungk in charge of the Hamburger Ratsmusik, later also taking on the charge of St. Mary's Cathedral. He was in practice succeeded by Johann Mattheson in 1715, but still formally held the positions till his death in Hamburg in 1718. Händel joined the opera orchestra during Brauns' time.

Friedrich Münchmeyer

Friedrich Paulsen

Friedrich Miescher

The Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom (German: Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung für die Freiheit) (FNF), is a German foundation for liberal politics, related to the Free Democratic Party. Established in 1958 by Theodor Heuss, the first president of the Federal Republic of Germany, it promotes individual freedom and liberalism. Usually still referred to as the Friedrich Naumann Foundation (Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung), the foundation supplemented its name in 2007 with the words "for Freedom" (für die Freiheit).

Friedrich Mieß

Friedrich Mueller

Friedrich Noack, who wrote under the pseudonym F. Idus, (20 April 1858, Gießen – 1 February 1930, Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German cultural historian and author, who wrote several articles for the Künstlerlexikon (arts dictionary) Thieme-Becker. In 1886, he translated Sebastian Brant's "Narrenschiff" and published it with his own illustrations.

Friedrich Munter

Friedrich Robert Faehlmann (Fählmann) (31 December 1798 in Ao Manor – 22 April 1850 in Tartu) was an Estonian writer, medical doctor and philologist active in Livonia, Russian Empire. He was a co-founder of the Learned Estonian Society at the University of Dorpat and its chairman (1843-1850). Since the 1820s he was interested in the Estonian culture and in 1838 he became a co-founder of the Learned Estonian Society. In 1840 a story "Koit ja Hämarik" (Dawn and Dusk) was first published. Fählmann died of tuberculosis in Dorpat.

Friedrich Mietke

Friedrich Mieth (4 June 1888 – 2 September 1944) was a German general during World War II. In 1942, he commanded Army Group Don Rear Area. Mieth was killed in action on 2 September 1944 in Iaşi, Romania.

Friedrich Raschig

Friedrich Robert Helmert

Fritz

Friedrich Naumann Foundation

Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy

Friedrich Otto Gustav Quedenfeldt

Friedrich Samuel Bock (Königsberg 20 May 1716 – Königsberg 30 September 1785) was a German philosopher and theologian. In 1753 he was appointed first professor of Greek, then theology at the University of Königsberg, though he resigned both positions in 1770 due to the University's failure to pay a salary, plus the onerous duty that the professor of Greek had to lecture on the whole of the New Testament annually.

Friedrich Adolf Paneth (31 August 1887 – 17 September 1958) was an Austrian-born British chemist. Fleeing the Nazis, he escaped to Britain. He became a naturalized British citizen in 1939. After the war, Paneth returned to Germany to become director of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in 1953. He was considered the greatest authority of his time on volatile hydrides and also made important contributions to the study of the stratosphere.

Friedrich Polack (1835–1915) was a German educationist and author.He was born in Flarchheim, Province of Saxony, educated in Erfurt and worked as a teacher in Schierschwenda, Kammerforst, Erfurt and Nordhausen. From 1876 until his retirement in 1904, he was district school inspector in Worbis.After 1904, he was active as author of school books on history, science and literature. He founded the journal Pädagogische Brosamen in 1898, acting as editor until 1906.

Friedrich Müller (born 6 March 1834, Jemnik, Austrian Empire (now Jemnice, Czech Republic); died 25 May 1898, Vienna) was an Austrian linguist and ethnologist who originated the term Hamito-Semitic languages for what are now called the Afro-Asiatic languages.

Friedrich Noltenius

Friedrich Münch

Friedrich Oltmanns (11 July 1860, Oberndorf – 13 December 1945) was a German phycologist. In 1884 he received his doctorate at the University of Strasbourg, afterwards working as an assistant at the University of Rostock (from 1885). In 1893, he was appointed an associate professor of botany at the University of Freiburg, where in 1902 he became a full professor and director of the botanical garden. With Max Verworn, Hermann Theodor Simon, Eugen Korschelt and others, he was co-editor of the 10-volume Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften.

Friedrich Reck

Friedrich Nicolaus Bruhns or Brauns (11 February 1637 in Lollfuß – 13 March 1718 in Hamburg) was a German composer and music director in Hamburg. Bruhns was born in Lollfuß, Schleswig. In 1682 he succeeded Nicolaus Adam Strungk in charge of the Hamburger Ratsmusik, later also taking on the charge of St. Mary's Cathedral. He was in practice succeeded by Johann Mattheson in 1715, but still formally held the positions till his death in Hamburg in 1718. Händel joined the opera orchestra during Brauns' time. Both the Johannes-Passion (1702) and Markus-Passion (1705) were for a long time attributed to Reinhard Keiser. The Markus-Passion is also attributed to Gottfried Keiser, Reinhard's father. Bach performed the Markus-Passion in Weimar and in Leipzig. Several pasticcio versions of the Markus-Passion survive, but Bach's copy preserved the original. The earliest attribution to Keiser can be found in Bach's copy,

The work of the foundation shall be based on the principles ofLiberalism. It shall benonprofitin nature.

Friedrich Nietzsche's view of Søren Kierkegaard

Friedrich Rudolf, Baron von Canitz

Friedrich Pfotenhauer

Friedrich Rosen

Friedrich Pfeffer

Friedrich Pein (20 October 1915 – 14 February 1975) was an Austrian sniper in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II, and one of two to have been awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the other being Matthias Hetzenauer. Pein enlisted in the Wehrmacht in October 1938. His served as a sniper in the 143d Gebirgsjäger Regiment of the 6th Mountain Division on the Eastern Front. In early 1944, he was transferred to the 100th Jäger Division. On February 28, 1945, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross marking his 200th kill as a sniper.

Johann Friedrich Peyer im Hof (18 June 1817, Schaffhausen – 18 May 1900) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1859/1860).

Friedrich Meyer-Oertel

Friedrich Ranke (21 September 1882 - 11 October 1950) was a German medievalist philologist and folklorist. His Old Norse textbook Altnordisches Elementarbuch remains a standard, and all literature concerning Gottfried von Strassburgs Tristan und Isold uses Ranke's line numbering for references to the text. Born in Lübeck as one of three sons of the theologian Leopold Friedrich Ranke and his wife Julie (von Bever) (1850–1924) he was a brother of the Egyptologists Hermann und Otto Ranke (1880–1917).Graduating from the Katharineum at Lübeck, he studied German, English and Nordic philology at the universities of Göttingen (1902/03), Munich (1903/05) and Berlin (1905/07). In Munich he studied with the pioneering folklorist . In Berlin he made his publishing debut with Sprache und Stil im Wälschen Gast des Thomasin von Circlaria ("Language and style in 'The Romansh Guest' by Thomasin von Zirclaere"). His term at the University of Strassburg produced his work of German folktales, Der Erloser in der Wiege; ein Beitrag zur Deutschen Volkssagenforschung ("The Redeemer in the cradle: a contribution towards German folktale research", 1911). From 1912 Ranke was occupied as a tutor in Göttingen, After returning from his service at the front in World War I he was appointed assistant professor there in German philology, and then in 1921 full professor in German philology at the University of Königsberg; in 1930 he occupied the same position at the University of Breslau, whence, silenced by the Nazis in 1937, he removed to the University of Basel, Switzerland, as professor of German philology, where he remained until his death.

Friedrich Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibruecken-Birkenfeld

Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlechter

Friedrich Plaschke (7 January 1875 – 4 February 1952) was a Czech operatic bass-baritone. From 1900 to 1937 he was a member of the Dresden Hofoper. He also appeared as a guest artist with companies in the United States, the Bayreuth Festival, and at the Royal Opera House in London. At the Dresden Opera, he appeared in five Richard Strauss premieres: Feuersnot, Salome, Die ägyptische Helena, Die schweigsame Frau, and Arabella. He was married from 1911 to the soprano, Eva von der Osten, who in that year created the role of Octavian in Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier. [Details from Kutsch and Riemens Großes Sängerlexikon.]

Friedrich Ritschl

Friedrich Reusch

Friedrich Nicolai

Friedrich Otto Gustav Quedenfeldt (14 June 1817, Graudenz – 20 December 1891, Berlin) was a German entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He was a Major General in the Prussian army. His son Max jun. Quedenfeldt (13 June 1851, Glogau – 18 September 1891, Berlin), a Lieutenant in the Prussian Army, was an insect dealer who made collecting expeditions to Morocco (1880, 1883 and 1885/86), Algeria (1884), the Canary Islands (1887), Tripoli and Tunisia (1888/89) and Anatolia (Kleinasien) (1891) .

Friedrich Preller (disambiguation)

Friedrich Niecks

Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society

Friedrich Moritz Brauer

Friedrich Münter

Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen (22 January 1865 - 25 February 1947), was a German physicist, known for his work on electrical discharges. He is also known for the Paschen series, a series of hydrogen spectral lines in the infrared region that he first observed in 1908. He established the now widely used Paschen curve in his article "Über die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drücken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz". He is known for the Paschen-Back effect, which is the Zeeman effect's becoming non-linear at high magnetic field. He helped explain the hollow cathode effect in 1916.

Gustav Friedrich Dettmar Philippi (14 July 1853, in Elberfeld – 26 April 1930, in Münster) was a German archivist and historian. He studied philology at the University of Bonn, receiving his doctorate in 1876 with a dissertation on the Tabula Peutingeriana. Following graduation, he worked as an archivist at the state archives in Münster. In 1888, he was appointed head of the state archives in Osnabrück and, in 1897, returned to Münster as director of the archives.

Friedrich Ris

Friedrich Paul Theodor Sarre (22 June 1865, Berlin – 31 May 1945, Neubabelsberg) was a German Orientalist, archaeologist and art historian. During his lifetime, he amassed an impressive collection of Islamic art. He collected objects of art from throughout the Middle East, especially from Persia and Constantinople. These items were put on exhibition in Berlin (1899), and later Paris at the Exposition des arts musulmans (1903). He donated most of his collection to the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in Berlin, where from 1921 to 1931 he was the director of its "Islamic department".

Friedrich Miquel

Friedrich Richter (officer)

Friedrich Philipp Dulk

Friedrich Naumann Stiftung Fur Die Freiheit

Friedrich Muenzer

Friedrich (Fritz) Christoph Mühlberg (born 19 April 1840 in Aarau, died May 25, 1915) was a Swiss geologist.

Friedrich Paneth

Friedrich Salomon Krauss

Friedrich Ratzel

Friedrich "Fritz" Rumpelhardt (19 June 1920 – 20 January 2011) was a German air officer during World War II. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. During his career Rumpelhardt flew in 130 missions as a Bordfunker (radio/radar operator) with two night fighter wings of the Luftwaffe. He participated in 100 aerial victories as a crewman with Major Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer from October 1942 until the end of the war. Rumpelhardt was the most successful radar operator—in terms of aerial victories claimed—in the Luftwaffe night fighter force.

Friedrich (Fritz) Christoph Mühlberg

Friedrich Nietzsche's views on women

Friedrich Plaschke

Friedrich Moritz, Count Nostitz-Rieneck

Friedrich Nuernberg

Friedrich Pursh

Friedrich Moritz Hartogs

Friedrich Paul Reichel

Friedrich Mosbrugger, also known as Fritz Moosbrugger (19 September 1804 in Konstanz – 17 October 1830 in Saint Petersburg) was a German portrait and genre painter in the Realistic style. He came from a family that had a widespread reputation as builders, plasterers and painters.

Friedrich August Raschig (also called Fritz Raschig) (8 June 1863 – 4 February 1928) was a German chemist and politician. He was born in Brandenburg an der Havel. After he received his PhD in 1884 from the University of Berlin for his work with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, he started working at the BASF company. In 1891 he opened his own chemical company in Ludwigshafen am Rhein (which still operates today as Raschig GmbH). He patented a number of chemical processes, particularly relating to phenols, one of which is now known as the Raschig phenol process. Another process is the Raschig process for producing hydroxylamine. He also developed improvements to distillation, in particular the Raschig ring, small metal or ceramic rings which are used in commercial fractional distillation columns.

Friedrich Müller (footballer)

Friedrich Salomon Rothschild

Friedrich Wilhelm Berthold Rinne (16 March 1863 in Osterode am Harz – 12 March 1933 in Freiburg im Breisgau) was a German mineralogist, crystallographer and petrographer.

The Friedrich Order (German: Friedrichs-Orden or Friedrichsorden) was an order of merit of the German Kingdom of Württemberg. It was instituted on the first of January 1830 by the second king of Württemberg, Wilhelm I in remembrance of his father, King Friedrich I. In 1918, the end of the monarchy meant the abolition of the order.

Friedrich Rahe

Friedrich Neitzsche

Friedrich Philippi

Friedrich Ritter von Friedlaender-Malheim

Friedrich Pustet

Friedrich Peter (13 July 1921 – 25 September 2005) was an Austrian politician who served as the chairman of the Freedom Party of Austria from 1958 to 1978.

Friedrich Rittelmeyer (5 October 1872, Dillingen an der Donau, Bavarian Swabia – 23 March 1938, Hamburg) was a Protestant German minister, theologian and co-founder and driving force of The Christian Community.

Friedrich Meyer-Oertel (born April 1936) is a German opera director. After positions at Staatstheater Mainz, Nationaltheater Mannheim, Opernhaus Wuppertal and Staatstheater Darmstadt, he is active as a freelance stage director.

Friedrich Prehn (29 March 1901 – 2 January 1985) was a German racewalker. He competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

Friedrich Ranke

Friedrich Otto

Friedrich Ritter (9 May 1898 – 9 April 1989) was a German botanist who collected and described many species of cacti. Ritterocereus is named in his honour. The standard author abbreviation F.Ritter is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Friedrich Robert von Beringe (21 September 1865 – 5 July 1940) was a German army officer, born in Aschersleben. He was the son of Mathilde Luise and Captain Karl Robert von Beringe. In the small town in what is now Saxony-Anhalt, which then belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia, his father was a cavalry officer commanding a squadron of the 10th (Magdeburg) Hussars. Friedrich Robert followed his father's footsteps, becoming an officer in the Hussars Regiment No. 1. He was honored with the regimental ring, and became a close friend of his August von Mackensen, later becoming a Field Marshal, who commanded the regiment from 17 June 1893 to 27 January 1898.

Friedrich Münzer

Friedrich Mosbrugger

Friedrich Scanzoni von Lichtenfels

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald (26 December [O.S. 14 December] 1803 – 25 August [O.S. 13 August] 1882) was an Estonian writer who is considered to be the father of the national literature for the country. He is the author of Estonian national epic Kalevipoeg.

Friedrich Nowottny

Friedrich Neznansky

Friedrich Rogelein

Friedrich Michael Ziegenhagen

Friedrich Ramm

Friedrich Michau

Friedrich Panzinger (1 February 1903 – 8 August 1959) was a German SS officer during the Nazi era. He served as the head of the Reich Main Security Office (Reichssicherheitshauptamt; RSHA) Amt IV A, from September 1943 to May 1944 and the commanding officer of Einsatzgruppe A in the Baltic States and Belarus. From 15 August 1944 forward, he was chief of RSHA Amt V, the Kriminalpolizei (Kripo; Criminal Police), also known as the Reichskriminalpolizeiamt (RKPA). After the war he was a member of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND; Federal Intelligence Service). He committed suicide after being arrested for war crimes.

Friedrich Neznansky (Russian: Фридрих Евсеевич Незнанский; 27 September 1932 – 14 February 2013) was a popular Russian crime novelist. Neznansky was born in Rahachow Raion, Belarus. He was a lawyer by education, practiced law in Moscow, and was an investigator at the Moscow Prosecutor General’s office for fifteen years. Although Neznansky’s crime novels are light fiction, the political and social currents of the day can be sensed in them, as well as everyday Russian realities. Neznansky's novels have been translated in several languages and some of them have been adapted for television. Neznansky died on 14 February 2013, aged 80, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.

Friedrich Risner (c.1533 – 15 September 1580) (in Latin Fridericus Risnerus) was a German mathematician from Hersfeld, Hesse. He was an assistant to Petrus Ramus (from around 1565) and was the first chair of mathematics at Collège Royale de France (1576). Risner is known for his 1572 publication of "Opticae thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nuncprimum editi; Eiusdem liber De Crepusculis et nubium ascensionibus, Item Vitellonis Thuringopoloni libri X", an edition of works by Ibn al-Haitham and Erazmus Ciolek Witelo, two men who were both early pioneers in the field of optics. The publication became a major benefit to a number of mathematicians and scientists, such as Kepler, Snellius, Descartes and Huygens He was the first to propose the idea of a portable camera obscura, which purportedly was to be used as an aid in the creation of artistic works. His idea consisted of a lightweight wooden hut that had small holes fitted with lenses in each wall, and a cube of paper placed in the centre for drawing. After St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, Risner fled back to Hersfeld and died there eight years later. Risner was buried in Hersfeld Abbey, where his gravestone is well preserved. The Latin circumscription on the gravestone is: "Anno Domini 1580. 17. Cal. Octob. pie in Christo obiit clariss. vir Fridericus Risner insignis et praestantissimus Mathematicus qui hic terrae mandatus sonitum tubae expectat aetatis suae 47." English translation of the inscription above is: "In year 1580 at 15th of September, died in Christ at the age of 47, the well famous Friedrich Risner, an outstanding, excellent mathematician, who passed to soil here, will expect the sound of trumpet."

This is a list of writings and other compositions by Friedrich Nietzsche.

Friedrich Prym

Friedrich Moritz von Nostitz-Rieneck

Friedrich Nietszche

Friedrich Rudolf Ludwig Freiherr von Canitz

Friedrich Märker

Friedrich Preller

Friedrich Ruckert

Rudolph Friedrich Miess (21 August 1854, Brașov - 29 May 1935, Brașov) was an Imperial Austrian-born Romanian painter from the Transylvania region. Although he did numerous portraits, he is best known for his landscapes, which combine the Academic and Impressionist styles.

Friedrich Rochlitz

Friedrich Philipp Ritterich (4 May 1782, Leipzig – 12 February 1866, Leipzig) was a German ophthalmologist. He studied medicine in Leipzig and Jena, and following graduation continued his education in Vienna with ophthalmologists Georg Joseph Beer (1763–1821) and Johann Adam Schmidt (1759–1809). In 1807 he became privat-docent to the medical faculty at the University of Leipzig, where in 1820 he was appointed professor of ophthalmology. In 1820 he also founded a private eye clinic in Leipzig.

Friedrich Oskar Giesel (20 May 1852 – 13 November 1927, known as Fritz) was a German organic chemist. During his work in a quinine factory in the late 1890s he started to work on the at-that-time-new field of radiochemistry and started the production of radium. In the period between 1902 and 1904 he was able to isolate a new element emanium. In a now controversially reviewed process it was stated that emanium is identical to actinium, which was discovered by André-Louis Debierne in 1899.

Friedrich Paul Cilliers

Friedrich Rumpelhardt

Friedrich Richard Reinitzer (25 February 1857 in Prague – 16 February 1927 in Graz) was an Austrian botanist and chemist. In late 1880s, experimenting with cholesteryl benzoate, he discovered properties of liquid crystals (named later by Otto Lehmann). While at Karl-Ferdinands-Universität in 1888 he discovered a strange behaviour of what would later be called liquid crystals. For the explanation of their behaviour he collaborated with the physicist Otto Lehmann from Aachen. The discovery received plenty of attention at the time but no practical uses were apparent and the interest dropped soon.

Friedrich Rühs (1781-1820) was a German historian of Scandinavian and Germanic history. At the time of the Liberation War he wrote xenophobic anti-French and anti-Jewish nationalist texts, and is seen as a forerunner of volkish anti-semitism.

Friedrich Ritter von Friedlander-Mahlheim

Friedrich Pfotenhauer (April 22, 1859, Altencelle, Kingdom of Hanover – October 9, 1939) was the fifth president of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod from 1911 to 1935. Pfotenhauer emigrated from Germany to the United States in 1875 and attended Concordia College in Fort Wayne, Indiana and Concordia Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri. Upon his ordination, he served as a missionary in Minnesota and the Dakota and Montana territories from 1880 to 1887. He was the pastor of congregations in Lewiston, Minnesota (1887–1894) and Hamburg, Minnesota (1894–1911). He also served as the president of the Minnesota and Dakota District of the LCMS from 1891 to 1908).

Friedrich Muller (linguist)

Friedrich Panse

Friedrich Wilhelm Rathgen (2 June 1862 – 19 November 1942) was a German Chemist and a founder of the field of Conservation science.

Friedrich Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld

Friedrich Rueckert

Actor

Friedrich Rosenthal (20 July 1885 in Vienna; †21 August 1942 at the Auschwitz concentration camp) was an Austrian director and playwright.

Friedrich Rochleder (15 May 1819 – 5 November 1874) was an Austrian chemist born in Vienna. Son of pharmacist Anton Rochleder, he studied medicine at the University of Vienna, earning his doctorate in 1842. Afterwards he studied chemistry in Giessen with Justus von Liebig (1803-1873), followed by several months spent in Paris and London. In 1845 he was appointed professor of technical chemistry at the newly founded technical academy in Lviv. Later he served as professor of chemistry at Charles University in Prague (1849), and professor of general and pharmaceutical chemistry at the University of Vienna (1870). In 1848 he became a full member of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna.

Friedrich Philippi (historian)

Friedrich Philipp Ritterich

Friedrich Mueller (disambiguation)

Friedrich Mücke

Friedrich Minoux

Friedrich Oltmanns (11 July 1860, Oberndorf – 13 December 1945) was a German phycologist. In 1884 he received his doctorate at the University of Strasbourg, afterwards working as an assistant at the University of Rostock (from 1885). In 1893, he was appointed an associate professor of botany at the University of Freiburg, where in 1902 he became a full professor and director of the botanical garden. With Max Verworn, Hermann Theodor Simon, Eugen Korschelt and others, he was co-editor of the 10-volume Handwörterbuch der Naturwissenschaften. He was the author of the three volume Morphologie und Biologie der Algen (Morphology and biology of algae):
* Volume 1: Chrysophyceae, Chlorophyceae.
* Volume 2: Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae.
* Volume 3: Morphologie, Fortpflanzung, die Ernährung der Algen, der Haushalt der Gewässer, die Lebensbedingungen, Vegetations-Perioden, das Zusammenleben (Morphology, reproduction, etc.). The algae genera of Oltmannsiella and Oltmannsia are named in his honor, the latter genus being circumscribed by Austrian phycologist Josef Schiller (1877-1960). The standard author abbreviation Oltm. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Friedrich Riesz

Friedrich Ostermann (21 June 1932 – 22 October 2018) was an Auxiliary Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Münster. Ostermann was ordained on 11 February 1958. After an initial temporary appointment in Bockum-Hövel he became a Chaplain in Emsdetten, and then a parish priest in Rheine (Sacred Heart) in 1969 and in 1975 a Dean in the Office of the Rhine Deanery. Pope John Paul II appointed him as Titular Bishop of Dolia and Auxiliary Bishop of Münster (Suffragan Bishop of Warendorf in the diocese of Münster). On 13 September 1981, Ostermann was ordained as a bishop by Bishop Dr. Reinhard Lettmann; co-consecrators were (Bishop of Trier), and Alfons Demming (Auxiliary Bishop of Münster). In 1981 Ostermann was appointed a Canon Residentiary of Münster Cathedral and Head of the Agency of Missions, Development and Freedom of the Bishops' General Vicarage at Münster. Since 2003 he has been the Dean of the Cathedral of St Paul in Münster. From 2001 – 2006, Ostermann was the Chairman of the Journalism Commission of the German Bishops' Conference. On his 75th birthday he tendered his resignation to Pope Benedict XVI on 21 June 2007 which was accepted on 18 July that year.

Friedrich Samuel Bock

Friedrich Oskar Giesel

Friedrich Ritter von Friedländer-Mahlheim

Friedrich Salomon Krauss (7 October 1859, Požega, Kingdom of Hungary – 29 May 1938, Vienna) was a Croatian Austrian Jewish sexologist, ethnographer, folklorist, and Slavist.

"Fritz"

Friedrich Myconius

Friedrich Müller (linguist)

Johann Jacob Friedrich Wilhelm Parrot (25 October 1791 – 15 January 1841) was a Baltic German naturalist, explorer, and mountaineer, who lived and worked in Dorpat (today Tartu, Estonia) in what was then the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire. A pioneer of Russian and Estonian scientific mountaineering, he is best known for leading the first expedition to the summit of Mount Ararat in recorded history.

Friedrich Neitszche

Friedrich Sauter

Friedrich Nicolaus Bruhns

Friedrich Overwien

Friedrich Robert Faehlmann

The Friedrich Miescher Laboratory (FML) of the Max Planck Society is a biological research institute located on the Society's campus in Tübingen, Germany. It was founded in 1969 to offer highly qualified junior scientists in the area of biology an opportunity to establish independent research groups and pursue their own line of research within a five-year period (extensions possible). The group leaders are elected by a committee of scientists from diverse areas and institutions on the basis of a public tendering procedure. While at the FML, they can use modern, well-equipped laboratories and work in teams tailored to their ideas. The laboratory is not headed by a director. Instead, the group leaders take turns in representing the FML, and its administrative and organizational interests. Fu

Friedrich Ruthardt

Friedrich Moritz Brauer (12 May 1832, Vienna – 29 December 1904) was an Austrian entomologist who was Director of the Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum, Vienna, at the time of his death. He wrote many papers on Diptera and Neuroptera. From an assistant in the Entomological Museum at the University of Vienna, Brauer became Custodian of the collections in 1873 and in the following year was appointed Professor of zoology in the University. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Entomological Society of London in 1900.

Friedrich Müller

Industrialist, financier

Friedrich Michau (born 26 July 1979) is a German international rugby union player, playing for the FC St. Pauli Rugby in the 2nd Rugby-Bundesliga and the German national rugby union team. He made his last game for Germany on 28 April 2007 against the Netherlands. He is the captain of the FC St. Pauli rugby team.

Writer

Friedrich Paulsen (German: [ˈpaʊlzən]; July 16, 1846 – August 14, 1908) was a German Neo-Kantian philosopher and educator.

Friedrich Rudolf von Rothenburg

Friedrich Rothschild

Friedrich Preisigke

Friedrich Reindel

Friedrich Nietzsche bibliography

Friedrich Noack

Friedrich Rittelmeyer

Friedrich Plaschke (7 January 1875 – 4 February 1952) was a Czech operatic bass-baritone. From 1900 to 1937 he was a member of the Dresden Hofoper. He also appeared as a guest artist with companies in the United States, the Bayreuth Festival, and at the Royal Opera House in London.

Friedrich Nietzche

August Friedrich Otto Münchmeyer was a German neo-Lutheran pastor. He was born in Hanover on 8 December 1807 and he died in Buer (10 miles north Essen), Münster on 7 November 1882. He studied at Lüneburg, Holzminden, Göttingen, Berlin, and at the preachers' seminary in Hanover. In 1840 he was appointed pastor at Lamspringe, near Hildesheim; in 1851, superintendent at Catlenburg; and in 1855, consistorial councilor and superintendent at Buer, and member of the ecclesiastical court of Osnabrück. He was a zealous advocate of the complete separation of State and Church, which he supported in the Zeitschrift für Protestantismus und Kirche, and in the Göttinger Monatsschrift (1846-1847). He engaged in a controversy with Höfling over the latter's Grundsätze evangelisch-lutherischer Kirchenverfassung, to refute which he published Das Amt des Neuen Testaments nach Lehre der Schrift und der lutherischen Bekenntnisse (Osterode, n.d.). He was also the author of Das Dogma von der sichtbaren und unsichtbaren Kirche (Göttingen, 1854).

Friedrich Neelsen

Friedrich Robert Faehlmann (Fählmann) (31 December 1798 in Ao Manor – 22 April 1850 in Tartu) was an Estonian writer, medical doctor and philologist active in Livonia, Russian Empire. He was a co-founder of the Learned Estonian Society at the University of Dorpat and its chairman (1843-1850). Faehlmann was born to the family of the manager of Ao Manor in Järva County. In 1825 he graduated from the medical department of the University of Dorpat. In 1827 he earned the M.D. degree and become a physician in Dorpat (now Tartu). In addition he gave lectures in Estonian language in the university during 1842–1850. Since the 1820s he was interested in the Estonian culture and in 1838 he became a co-founder of the Learned Estonian Society. Faehlmann brought attention to the Estonian folklore of Kalevipoeg, which after his death has become the Estonian national epic by the efforts of another Estophile, Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald. He also recorded a number of tales. In 1840 a story "Koit ja Hämarik" (Dawn and Dusk) was first published. Fählmann died of tuberculosis in Dorpat.

Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom

Friedrich Ritter

Friedrich Ostermann

Friedrich Rochleder

Friedrich Richard Reinitzer (25 February 1857 in Prague – 16 February 1927 in Graz) was an Austrian botanist and chemist. In late 1880s, experimenting with cholesteryl benzoate, he discovered properties of liquid crystals (named later by Otto Lehmann). Reinitzer was born into a German Bohemian family in Prague. He studied chemistry at the German technical university in Prague; in 1883 he was habilitated there as a private docent. From 1888-1901 he was a professor at Karl-Ferdinands-Universität, then professor at technical university in Graz. During 1909 - 1910 he served as the rector of the university. While at Karl-Ferdinands-Universität in 1888 he discovered a strange behaviour of what would later be called liquid crystals. For the explanation of their behaviour he collaborated with the physicist Otto Lehmann from Aachen. The discovery received plenty of attention at the time but no practical uses were apparent and the interest dropped soon.

Friedrich Rathgen

Friedrich Putzer

August Friedrich Otto Münchmeyer was a German neo-Lutheran pastor. He was born in Hanover on 8 December 1807 and he died in Buer (10 miles north Essen), Münster on 7 November 1882. He studied at Lüneburg, Holzminden, Göttingen, Berlin, and at the preachers' seminary in Hanover. In 1840 he was appointed pastor at Lamspringe, near Hildesheim; in 1851, superintendent at Catlenburg; and in 1855, consistorial councilor and superintendent at Buer, and member of the ecclesiastical court of Osnabrück.

Friedrich Perls

Friedrich Ritter von Friedlander-Malheim

Friedrich Reck-Malleczewen

The Friedrich Miescher Laboratory (FML) of the Max Planck Society is a biological research institute located on the Society's campus in Tübingen, Germany. It was founded in 1969 to offer highly qualified junior scientists in the area of biology an opportunity to establish independent research groups and pursue their own line of research within a five-year period (extensions possible). The group leaders are elected by a committee of scientists from diverse areas and institutions on the basis of a public tendering procedure. While at the FML, they can use modern, well-equipped laboratories and work in teams tailored to their ideas. The laboratory is not headed by a director. Instead, the group leaders take turns in representing the FML, and its administrative and organizational interests. Furthermore, all group leaders jointly manage the funds available to the laboratory. There is no specification as to which kind of biological research should be conducted at the FML, and the focus of research changes with the appointment of each new group leader. In the past, research interests have included developmental biology, neurobiology, cell biology, psychology and many other areas of modern biology.

Friedrich Paul Theodor Sarre (22 June 1865, Berlin – 31 May 1945, Neubabelsberg) was a German Orientalist, archaeologist and art historian. During his lifetime, he amassed an impressive collection of Islamic art. Being inspired by Carl Humann, in 1895/96, he conducted archaeological research in Phyrgia, Lycaonia, and Pisidia. From within these regions of Asia Minor, he investigated architectural monuments and collected epigraphic material. In 1905, with Ernst Herzfeld, he performed excavatory work at Samarra, the 9th-century capital of the Abbasid dynasty. The two men published their findings in "Archäologische Reise im Euphrat-und Tigris Gebeit" (Archaeological journey in the Euphrates and Tigris region). He collected objects of art from throughout the Middle East, especially from Persia and Constantinople. These items were put on exhibition in Berlin (1899), and later Paris at the Exposition des arts musulmans (1903). He donated most of his collection to the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in Berlin, where from 1921 to 1931 he was the director of its "Islamic department".

Friedrich Pfotenhauer (April 22, 1859, Altencelle, Kingdom of Hanover – October 9, 1939) was the fifth president of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod from 1911 to 1935. Pfotenhauer emigrated from Germany to the United States in 1875 and attended Concordia College in Fort Wayne, Indiana and Concordia Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri. Upon his ordination, he served as a missionary in Minnesota and the Dakota and Montana territories from 1880 to 1887. He was the pastor of congregations in Lewiston, Minnesota (1887–1894) and Hamburg, Minnesota (1894–1911). He also served as the president of the Minnesota and Dakota District of the LCMS from 1891 to 1908). He was elected president of the LCMS in 1911 and held that office until 1935. He was then the honorary president until his death in 1939.

Friedrich Ritter von Roth

Friedrich Richard Adelbert Johow

Friedrich Robert Volkmann

Friedrich Mühlberg

Friedrich Adolf Paneth

Friedrich Peter

Friedrich Samisch

Friedrich Pollock

Friedrich Paul Nerly

Friedrich Mullach

Friedrich Neuser

Friedrich Rudolf Ludwig, Freiherr von Canitz

Friedrich Naumann Stiftung

Friedrich Overbeck

Friedrich Nausea

Friedrich Pflaum

Friedrich Philipp Ritterich (4 May 1782, Leipzig – 12 February 1866, Leipzig) was a German ophthalmologist. He studied medicine in Leipzig and Jena, and following graduation continued his education in Vienna with ophthalmologists Georg Joseph Beer (1763–1821) and Johann Adam Schmidt (1759–1809). In 1807 he became privat-docent to the medical faculty at the University of Leipzig, where in 1820 he was appointed professor of ophthalmology. In 1820 he also founded a private eye clinic in Leipzig. During the late 1850s he succumbed to severe amblyopia, causing him to quit his practice and limit his workload to literary pursuits. Eventually he went completely blind and died in 1866 at the age of 83. Ritterich made contributions involving writings on squint, and investigations on diseases of the lachrymal nasal canal and the effect of the eye muscles (with anatomist Eduard Weber 1806–1871).

Friedrich Otto Schott

Friedrich Philipp Dulk (22 November 1788 in Stallupönen – 14 December 1851 in Königsberg) was a German pharmacist and chemist. He was the father of writer Albert Dulk (1819–1884) and father-in-law to mathematician Otto Hesse.

Friedrich Raaf