Episteme is a genus of moths of the Noctuidae family. Species are widespread.

Epistemic Advantage is a term used within feminist theory when attempting to acquire knowledge from the individual lives and experiences of different women. The term is used to describe the ways in which women, and other minority groups, are able to have a much clearer understanding of how the power structure works within a given society because they are not members of the dominant group.

Epistemological realism

Epistemology of the Closet

Epistemic Communities (International Relations)

Kitab al-Hikma

Epistemic modal logic

Epistemocrat

Epistemic fallacy

Epistola Alexandri ad Aristotelem

Epistle of the New Testament James

Epistle of Mathetes

Epistles of the Brethren of Sincerity

Epistle of Mathetes to Diognetus

*Chaetocypha fraxinicola (Berk. & Broome)Kuntze(1891)

Epistor latipennis

Epistemiology

Epistemological break

Epistomentis pictus is a species of beetles in the family Buprestidae, the only species in the genus Epistomentis.

Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot

Epistemol Lett

Epistemic advantage

The Epistle of Barnabas (Greek: Επιστολή Βαρνάβα, Hebrew: איגרת בארנבס‬) is a Greek epistle containing twenty-one chapters, preserved complete in the 4th century Codex Sinaiticus where it appears at the end of the New Testament. It is traditionally ascribed to Barnabas who is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles, although some ascribe it to another Apostolic Father of the same name, Barnabas of Alexandria, or simply attribute it to an unknown early Christian teacher. A form of the Epistle 850 lines long is noted in the Latin list of canonical works in the 6th century Codex Claromontanus. It is distinct from the Gospel of Barnabas.

Epistemological solipsism is the view that one can only be sure of the existence of ones mind. The existence of other minds and the external world is not necessarily rejected but one can not be sure of its existence

Epistasis refers to genetic interactions in which the mutation of one gene masks the phenotypic effects of a mutation at another locus. Systematic analysis of these epistatic interactions can provide insight into the structure and function of genetic pathways. Examining the phenotypes resulting from pairs of mutations helps in understanding how the function of these genes intersects. Genetic interactions are generally classified as either Positive/Alleviating or Negative/Aggravating.

Epistola de Tolerantia

Epistle to the Easterners

Epistemics is a term coined in 1969 by Edinburgh University with the foundation of its School of Epistemics.Epistemics is to be distinguished from epistemology in that epistemology is the philosophical theory of knowledge, whereas epistemics signifies the scientific study of knowledge.

Epistemic justification

Epistle to Ephesians

Epistor cavifer

Epistles of St Ignatius

Epistle (disambiguation)

Epistemum

Epistles of the Brethren of Purity

Epistemic theory of truth

Episteira is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae.

Epistle to the philippians

Epistle of Clement

Epistel No 5

Epistle to the Smyrnaeans

The term "epistemic feedback" is a form of feedback which refers to an interplay between what is being observed (or measured) and the result of the observation. The concept can apply to a process to obtain information, where the process, itself, changes the information when being obtained. For example, instead of quietly asking customers for their opinions about food in a restaurant, making an announcement about food quality, as being tested in a survey, could cause cooks to focus on having high-quality results. The concept can also apply to changing the method of observation, rather than affecting the data. For example, if after asking several customers about food, they noted the food as generally good or fair, then the questions might be changed to ask, more specifically, which food items were most/least liked. Hence, the interplay can alter either the observations, or the method of observation, or both.

Epistles of Wisdom

Epistemological rationalism

Epistles of Ignatius

Epistematic theory of truth

The Epistles of Wisdom or Rasa'il al-Hikma (Arabic: رسـائـل الـحـكـمـة‎) is a corpus of sacred texts and pastoral letters by teachers of the Druze Faith, which has currently close to a million faithful, mainly in Lebanon, Syria, Israel and Jordan.

Epistemic closure is a property of some belief systems. It is the principle that if a subject S {\displaystyle S} knows p {\displaystyle p} , and S {\displaystyle S} knows that p {\displaystyle p} entails q {\displaystyle q} , then S {\displaystyle S} can thereby come to know q {\displaystyle q} . Most epistemological theories involve a closure principle and many skeptical arguments assume a closure principle.On the other hand, some epistemologists, including Robert Nozick, have denied closure principles on the basis of reliabilist accounts of knowledge. Nozick, in Philosophical Explanations, advocated that, when considering the Gettier problem, the least counter-intuitive assumption we give up should be epistemic closure. Nozick suggested a "truth tracking" theory of knowledge, in which the x was said to know P if x's belief in P tracked the truth of P through the relevant modal scenarios.A subject may not actually believe q, for example, regardless of whether he or she is justified or warranted. Thus, one might instead say that knowledge is closed under known deduction: if, while knowing p, S believes q because S knows that p entails q, then S knows q. An even stronger formulation would be as such: If, while knowing various propositions, S believes p because S knows that these propositions entail p, then S knows p. While the principle of epistemic closure is generally regarded as intuitive, philosophers such as Robert Nozick and Fred Dretske have argued against it.

The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians, often referred to simply as Philippians, is the eleventh book in the New Testament. Paul and Timothy first visited Philippi in Greece during Paul's second missionary journey, which occurred between approximately 49 and 51 AD. Philippi was the location of the first Christian community established in Europe.Biblical scholars are in general agreement that the letter was indeed written by Paul of Tarsus. The estimated date of the letter is 62 AD, about 10 years after Paul's first visit to Philippi.

Episterol is a sterol involved in the biosynthesis of steroids. Episterol is converted from 24-methylenelophenol. Episterol is converted to 5-dehydroepisterol by the enzyme lathosterol oxidase. Episterol is also known to be a precursor to ergosterol.

Epistle of John

Epistle To The Romans

Episteme

Epistemic democracy

Epistetus pica

Epistle to the hebrews

Epistor luctuosus

The Epistle to Corinth was a letter written by the 'brethren' (Greek: οι αδελφοι) of the early Christian Church in Ephesus to the church in Corinth in Achaia, referred to in the Acts of the Apostles, commending the Corinthian church to welcome the preacher Apollos:"And when [Apollos] desired to cross to Achaia, the brethren wrote, exhorting the disciples to receive him" (Acts 18:27).The letter is now lost.English biblical translators differ in their interpretation of the 'encouraging' (Greek: προτρεψάμενοι) role of the letter, as it can be interpreted as encouraging Apollos (e.g.

Epistle To Dr. Arbuthnot

Epistar Corporation

Epistemological Idealism

Epistona was a genus of moths of the Noctuidae family, it is now considered to be a synonym of Tolna.

Epistles of Saint Paul

In philosophy and modal logic, epistemic possibility relates a statement under consideration to the current state of our knowledge about the actual world: a statement is said to be:epistemically possible if it may be true, for all we knowepistemically necessary if it is certain (or must be the case), given what we knowepistemically impossible if it cannot be true, given what we knowEpistemic possibility is often contrasted with subjunctive possibility (or alethic possibility), and although epistemic and subjunctive possibilities are often expressed using the same modal terms (such as possibly, could be, must be) or similar modal terms that are sometimes confused (such as may be and might be), statements that are qualified in terms of epistemic possibility and statements that are qualified in terms of subjunctive possibility have importantly different meanings.The contrast is best explained by example.

Epistemological Letters

Epistles (Plato)

Epistle to Doctor Arbuthnot

Epistle to the Thessalonians

In philosophy and modal logic, epistemic possibility relates a statement under consideration to the current state of our knowledge about the actual world: a statement is said to be:epistemically possible if it may be true, for all we knowepistemically necessary if it is certain (or must be the case), given what we knowepistemically impossible if it cannot be true, given what we knowEpistemic possibility is often contrasted with subjunctive possibility (or alethic possibility), and although epistemic and subjunctive possibilities are often expressed using the same modal terms (such as possibly, could be, must be) or similar modal terms that are sometimes confused (such as may be and might be), statements that are qualified in terms of epistemic possibility and statements that are qualified in terms of subjunctive possibility have importantly different meanings.The contrast is best explained by example. Consider the two statements:Japan might have been victorious in World War IIJapan may have been victorious in World War IIAlthough these two statements are often confused with one another, they mean two different things: the first says something true about the vagaries of war; the second says something that is certainly false. The difference comes from the fact that the first statement—a statement of subjunctive possibility—says something about how things might have been under counterfactual conditions, whereas the second—a statement of epistemic possibility—says something about the relation between a particular outcome (a victory by Japan) and our knowledge about the actual world (since, as it happens, we know perfectly well that that particular outcome did not actually obtain, we know that what it says is false).The parallel distinction arises between types of conditionals (if-then statements). Consider the difference between the epistemic connection expressed by an indicative conditional and the causal or metaphysical relation expressed by a subjunctive conditional:If Oswald didn't shoot Kennedy, someone else didIf Oswald hadn't shot Kennedy, someone else would haveThe first statement says something that is certainly true, and will be accepted as such by anyone who is convinced that somebody shot Kennedy. It's clearly true because it expresses this epistemic relation between its antecedent (the "if"-clause) and its consequent (the "then"-clause): The antecedent, if we came to know it was true, would provide us with excellent evidence that the consequent is true. The second statement, on the other hand, expresses a causal or metaphysical relation: It says that the world was set up so that the consequent would have been made true if the antecedent were true. One will accept that second statement to the extent that one thinks the world was set up in that way. (Conspiracy theorists who think there was a back-up shooter, for instance, may accept the second statement.)Because of these differences, epistemic possibility bears on the actual world in ways that subjunctive possibility does not. Suppose, for example, that one wants to know whether or not to take an umbrella before going outside. If one is told "It's possible that it is raining outside"—in the sense of epistemic possibility—then that would weigh on whether or not I take the umbrella. But if one is told that "It's possible for it to rain outside"—in the sense of metaphysical possibility—then one is no better off for this bit of modal enlightenment.

Quaker epistle: in the 17th century, the Quaker movement revived the Gospel use of the word "epistle" to mean an advisory or admonitory letter, sent to a group of people, sometimes termed a "general epistle". The text of a short epistle, written by Isaac Penington in 1667 is in Wikisource.The term is still in use for letters sent by Yearly Meetings in session to all other Yearly Meetings.

Epistle to diognetus

The Epistle to the Romans or Letter to the Romans, often shortened to Romans, is the sixth book in the New Testament. Biblical scholars agree that it was composed by the Apostle Paul to explain that salvation is offered through the gospel of Jesus Christ. It is the longest of the Pauline epistles and is often considered his "most important theological legacy" and magnum opus.

The term "epistemic feedback" is a form of feedback which refers to an interplay between what is being observed (or measured) and the result of the observation. The concept can apply to a process to obtain information, where the process, itself, changes the information when being obtained.

Epistle of Barnabas

Episparis penetrata is a species of moth in the family Erebidae.

Epistates

The Epistles (or Letters) of Horace were published in two books, in 20 BCE and 14 BCE, respectively.Epistularum liber primus (First Book of Letters) is the seventh work by Horace, published in the year 20 BCE. This book consists of 20 Epistles. The phrase sapere aude ("dare to be wise") comes from this collection of poems.Epistularum liber secundus (Second Book of Letters) was published in the year 14 BC. This book consists of 3 Epistles. However, the third epistle – the Ars Poetica – is usually treated as a separate composition.

Episphaeria fraxinicola

Epistle of Pseudo-Titus

Epistolae Obscurorum Virorum

Episteme psychology

Epistles of Peter

Epistemic Advantage is a term used within feminist theory when attempting to acquire knowledge from the individual lives and experiences of different women. The term is used to describe the ways in which women, and other minority groups, are able to have a much clearer understanding of how the power structure works within a given society because they are not members of the dominant group. Uma Narayan, a leading feminist theorist writes about epistemic advantage in her essay entitled, "The Project of Feminist Epistemology: Perspectives From A Nonwestern Feminist". Narayan defines epistemic advantage as "(the oppressed) having knowledge of the practices of both their own contexts and those of their oppressors," (Feminist Theory Reader, p. 315). As the feminist movement has moved into the 3rd wave, women’s ‘intersecting identities’ have become increasingly important. There has been an acknowledgement that women of different social locations (with respect to race, class, nationality, sexuality, etc.) will have different experiences. Thus these varying perspectives provide different women with ‘advantages’ in understanding their own specific social locations within a given society’s hierarchal power structure. Uma Narayan points out that while it is in the interest of various subordinate groups to have knowledge of the dominant group, the dominant group does not have the same need.Women of color often have a clearer understanding of how not only the gender hierarchy plays out in their daily lives, but the racial and class hierarchies as well. African-American feminist movements and Mexican-American feminist movements are only a few of the many marginalized groups that have made efforts in discussing their own ‘epistemic advantage’ within American society. The Combahee River Collective wrote in "A Black Feminist Statement" about the particular struggles of African-American women. They write: "We have spent a great deal of energy delving into the cultural and experiential nature of our oppression out of necessity because none of these matters have ever been looked at before. No one has ever mentioned the multilayered text of black women’s lives," (Feminist Theory Reader,p. 167). Thus, it is African-American women’s experiences from their specific social location that allows them their own epistemic advantage.Although oppressed groups are able to have advantage with respect to knowledge of the power hierarchy it is important that we remain sensitive to, and aware of, the effects of oppression among various groups and/or individuals. Karen J. Warren points this out in her book Ecological Feminism in which she explains that we "must avoid the potential glorification of oppression that may accompany the positing of ‘epistemic advantage’ to marginalized groups," (p. 131). One of the primary tenets of feminist thought is to focus on the lived experience of women without creating or maintaining any form of hierarchy within various epistemologies and that all women’s experience is of value and importance.

Epistle to seneca the younger

Epistles Peter

Epistle to a Godson and other poems is a book of poems by W. H. Auden, published in 1972.This book was the last book of poems that Auden completed in his lifetime; its successor, Thank You, Fog was left unfinished at his death.The poems included in the book were written mostly in 1968-1971.

Epistemic minimalism

Epistolae obscurorum virorum

Epistemological dualism

The Epistles of Manushchihr (Minocher) are a response to comments made by the author's brother on the subject of purification in Zoroastrianism.When Zadsparam, who was the high priest of Sirjan which is located near Kerman, proposed certain new precepts, the public were not ready for change and were very unsatisfied. Therefore, they decided to complain to the high priest's older brother Manuschchihr, who was the high priest of Kerman.In response, Manushchihr issued three epistles in the issue:A reply to the complaining peoplean expostulation with his brothera public decree condemning the new precepts of his younger brother as unlawful innovations.The first epistle is dated March 15, 881; the third is dated June–July 881. This book contains almost 9000 words. Manushchihar is the author of another major Pahlavi book named the 'Dadestan-i Denig'.

The Epistle of Eugnostos is one of many Gnostic tractates from the Nag Hammadi library, discovered in Egypt in 1945. The Nag Hammadi codices contain two full copies of this tractate. The epistle was a familiar literary convention of Antiquity; it is not to be supposed that this essay is an actual letter written by a man named Eugnostos ("right thinking", sometimes Eugnostus).The text is devoid of any specifically Christian themes or associations, and simply describes the esoteric cosmology of the gnostics. The similarity with the cosmology in Sophia of Jesus Christ led Douglas M. Parrott to conclude that that work was an adaption of this Epistle for a Christian audience. Parrott places the two side by side for comparison in his translation for The Nag Hammadi Library in English, edited by Robinson.

Epistles to the Corinthians

Epistemic probablity

Epistemology of science

Epistemic change

The Epistle of the Corinthians to Paul is a work from the New Testament apocrypha, and originally formed part of the Acts of Paul, although it was later detached and circulated separately.This writing claims to describe the teachings of Simon Magus, including the ideas that God was not almighty, that the resurrection was false, that Christ was not truly bodily incarnated God (i.e. Docetism), that angels made the world (see Demiurge), and that the prophets were inaccurate.

Episteme (moth)

Epistle (liturgy)

Epistocavea

Epistles to the Corinthians (disambiguation)

The Epistle of Pseudo-Titus is a letter allegedly written by Titus, a companion of Paul of Tarsus, to an unidentified ascetic community of Christian men and women which commends the life of chastity and condemns all sexual activity, even that within marriage, as sinful. The epistle is classified under the Apocryphal New Testament and survives only in the Codex Burchardi, an eighth-century Latin manuscript, discovered in 1896 among the homilies of Caesarius of Arles.

Epistemological Despondency

Epistle to the son of the wolf

Epistle to a Godson and other poems is a book of poems by W. H. Auden, published in 1972.This book was the last book of poems that Auden completed in his lifetime; its successor, Thank You, Fog was left unfinished at his death.The poems included in the book were written mostly in 1968-1971. They include, in addition to the title poem, "Natural Linguistics", "Doggerel by a Senior Citizen", "Old People's Home", "Talking to Dogs", "Talking to Mice", and "Talking to Myself".The book is dedicated to Philip Spender.

Epistemological pluralism

The Epistle of the Corinthians to Paul is a work from the New Testament apocrypha, and originally formed part of the Acts of Paul, although it was later detached and circulated separately.This writing claims to describe the teachings of Simon Magus, including the ideas that God was not almighty, that the resurrection was false, that Christ was not truly bodily incarnated God (i.e. Docetism), that angels made the world (see Demiurge), and that the prophets were inaccurate. A response to this letter from Paul also appears in the Acts of Paul and is known as the Third Epistle to the Corinthians.The work is believed to have been written by an orthodox writer, claiming Apostolic authority against their docetic and gnostic enemies. Despite having been widely recognised as not having been written by Paul in ancient times, for a period this Epistle and its response appeared in the Armenian Bible.

Epistetus divisus

Epistor

Epistles (Horace)

رسـائـل الـحـكـمـة

Epistles to the Thessalonians

Epistles to Timothy

Epistemological Particularism is the belief that one can know something without knowing how one knows that thing. By this understanding, one's knowledge is justified before one knows how such belief could be justified. Taking this as a philosophical approach, one would ask the question "What do we know?" before asking "How do we know?" The term appears in Roderick Chisholm's "The Problem of the Criterion", and in the work of his student, Ernest Sosa ("The Raft and the Pyramid: Coherence versus Foundations in the Theory of Knowledge"). Particularism is contrasted with Methodism, which answers the latter question before the former. Since the question "What do we know" implies that we know, particularism is considered fundamentally anti-skeptical, and was ridiculed by Kant in the Prolegomena.

Epistemological realism is a philosophical position, a subcategory of objectivism, holding that what you know about an object exists independently of your mind. It opposes epistemological idealism.Epistemological realism is related directly to the correspondence theory of truth, which claims that the world exists independently and innately to our perceptions of it. Our sensory data then reflect or correspond to the innate world.

Epistles John

Epistle of the Contender

Epistemology of Wikipedia

Epistasis and functional genomics

Epistemic commitment

Epistaris

Epistle to the laodiceans

Epistemological Particularism is the belief that one can know something without knowing how one knows that thing. By this understanding, one's knowledge is justified before one knows how such belief could be justified.

Epistolary (disambiguation)

The Epistle of Barnabas (Greek: Επιστολή Βαρνάβα, Hebrew: איגרת בארנבס‬) is a Greek epistle containing twenty-one chapters, preserved complete in the 4th century Codex Sinaiticus where it appears at the end of the New Testament. It is traditionally ascribed to Barnabas who is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles, although some ascribe it to another Apostolic Father of the same name, Barnabas of Alexandria, or simply attribute it to an unknown early Christian teacher.

Episteme adulatrix

Epistemological relativism

Episteira

Epistolographer

Epistasis and Functional Genomics

Epistlary

Epistle of Eugnostos

Epistasy

Epistle to the English was a 1526 book by John Bugenhagen, a close friend of Martin Luther. It was written to encourage English reformers.

Epistle to Philippians

Epistemological voluntarism

Epistomotis

Episteme isse

Epistolary form

Epistle of the corinthians to paul

Epistemological ideologies

Epistle of Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans

The Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot is a satire in poetic form written by Alexander Pope and addressed to his friend John Arbuthnot, a physician. It was first published in 1735 and composed in 1734, when Pope learned that Arbuthnot was dying. Pope described it as a memorial of their friendship.

Epistle to a godson

Epistle from Laodicea to the Colossians

Epistle To The Thessalonians

Epistemological problem of the indeterminacy of data to theory

Epistle to Philip

Epistel

Epistaxiophobia

Epistemic Merit Model

The epistemic virtues, as identified by virtue epistemologists, reflect their contention that belief is an ethical process, and thus susceptible to the intellectual virtue or vice of one's own life and personal experiences. Some epistemic virtues have been identified by W. Jay Wood, based on research into the medieval tradition.

Epistles of Abgar

Epistolae Ho-Elianae (or Familiar Letters) is a literary work by the 17th-century Anglo-Welsh historian and writer, James Howell. It was mainly written when Howell was in the Fleet Prison, during the 1640s; but its content reflects earlier travels he made from 1616 on behalf of a London glass factory. It appeared in three volumes from 1645 to 1650. A fourth volume was added in a collected edition of 1655.It has been suggested that some of the letters are fictional.

Epistona limula

Epistles of St. Paul to the Romans

Epistimology

Epistle of james

Epistle to Dippy is a song and single by Donovan, released in 1967 outside the United Kingdom only. It charted in the USA (Billboard: No.19).Musicians featured are Donovan on vocals and acoustic guitar, Jimmy Page on electric guitar, John Cameron on keyboards and arrangement, Danny Thompson on bass, and Tony Carr on drums.

Epistemic conservatism is a view in epistemology about the structure of reasons or justification for belief. While there are various forms, epistemic conservatism is generally the view that a person's believing some claim is a reason in support of the claim, at least on the face of it.

Epistemic relativism

Epistatic Gene

Epistona

The Epistle of Pseudo-Titus is a letter allegedly written by Titus, a companion of Paul of Tarsus, to an unidentified ascetic community of Christian men and women which commends the life of chastity and condemns all sexual activity, even that within marriage, as sinful. The epistle is classified under the Apocryphal New Testament and survives only in the Codex Burchardi, an eighth-century Latin manuscript, discovered in 1896 among the homilies of Caesarius of Arles. The Latin epistle contains many solecisms which originated with an author who lacked proficiency with Latin and Greek. The origins of the epistle remain unclear, however, it contains strong features of encratism(which was condemned by Paul in his writings to Saint Timothy) and may have connections with the Priscillianist movement in fifth century Spain.

The Epistles of Wisdom

Epistemological holism

Epistle of Jeremiah

Episteme Psychology

Epistocavea mururoa is a species of crabs in the family Xanthidae, the only species in the genus Epistocavea.

Epistemology is a major branch of philosophy and is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge. The epistemology of Wikipedia has been a subject of interest from the earliest days of its existence.Early analysis related the epistemology of Wikipedia to social epistemology. Other realms of epistemological research; epistemology of testimony, and epistemic value theory have been addressed with reference to Wikipedia.More recent analysis suggests that the epistemology of Wikipedia derives from the combined epistemic values of wikis and of encyclopedias. Jankowskicites Ruth and Houghtonwho define the epistemic values of wikis as:self-identificationcollaborationco-constructioncooperationtrust in the communityconstructionismJankowski suggests that determination of the epistemic values of encyclopedias is more problematic requiring genre analysis. This analysis revealed that encyclopedias value:utilitysystematic organizationauthoritytrust in expertsconsistencyFallis previously identified the specific epistemic virtues of Wikipedia aspowerspeedfecundity

The term epistemocracy has many conflicting uses, generally designating someone of rank having some epistemic property or other. Nassim Nicholas Taleb used it in 2007 to designate a utopian type of society where the leadership possesses epistemic humility. He claims the French writer Michel de Montaigne was a modern epistemocrat. He points out, however, that it is difficult to assert authority on the basis of one's uncertainty; leaders who are assertive, even if they are incorrect, still gather people together.However the term had already been used long before this, and as of 2010 Taleb's usage has not caught on. Most uses of the word are unrelated or even opposite to this. For instance in reference to communism: "Maoism, like the Marxist- Leninist system upon which it modeled itself, was an `epistemocracy,' rule by those possessed of that infallible wisdom embodied in the `universal truth of Marxism'" Or theocracy: "The model for this concentration of knowledge in the hands of a single group is the epistemocracy of the Old Testament priests..." Another use seems to be in relation to modern science or western technocracy: "...the social promotion and political em-powerment of a new class of experimental scientists ... what sociologists of science like Blumenberg call an epistemocracy." Again this is more or less opposite to Taleb's use. However it would be unfair to say that any of these have exactly caught on either. It remains a word used in an ad hoc manner.

Epistle to titus

Epistle to the Easterns

Epistle of Jeremy

Epistemological hermeneutics

Epistemocracy

Epistle to the Corinthians

Epistle to dr arbuthnot

The Epistle to the Ephesians, also called the Letter to the Ephesians and often shortened to Ephesians, is the tenth book of the New Testament. Its authorship has traditionally been attributed to Paul the Apostle but, starting in 1792, this has been challenged as Deutero-Pauline, that is, written in Paul's name by a later author written in Paul’s name strongly influenced by Paul's thought.

Epistle to the Philippians

Viewed as an attack on African American Studies, epistmologies of displacement is term coined by Gilbert NMO Morris, in a series of lectures published in The Triptych Papers: Lectures in Post-Colonialism, Creolization and the Epistemologies of Displacement.In The Triptych Papers, Morris summarises his argument in this way: "The immediate knowledge and experience of a displaced peoples have value which is undisclosed to the dominant culture necessarily, and this knowledge and experience is largely unrecognized, even by the displaced themselves. This is so because the state of being Oriented toward the dominant culture means seeing oneself through a glass darkly, and a true beholding of oneself requires an “espisteme-shattering act of audacity, tenacity or mendacity", of which the displaced one is often incapable."In this way", Morris argues, "Orientation - which is the mood and propensity - of the displaced shows its effects. The displaced one, whose Being and cultural yearning is caught in the dominant espistemes, is also trapped, constantly, above, beyond and outside the frequencies of his actual quotidian anthropology. He waits there, longing for something better; something which he cannot define, the origins or legitimacy of which he cannot give a satisfactory account. That is so because the anthropo-stasis in which he is caught, is a turnstile between the locale of displacement and the dominant culture which is supervenient to it; and therefore, that locale exists and persists as an anomaly and a necessary truth of and within the dominant culture, which it cannot observe, acknowledge or advance without losing itself in Creolisation."The lectures in the Tripych Papers are dedicated to Professor Jeffrey C. Stewart, Morris' former colleague at George Mason University, who asked Morris whether there could be such a thing as 'an economics for blacks', within the terms of the history that African American Studies emphasises? Morris' reply in the Triptych Papers is: "Ultimately, it is a question of ethics. I aim to show what psychological conditions comes before the possibility of an ethics and so an economics, as such".

Epistemological pluralism is a term used in philosophy, economics, and virtually any field of study to refer to different ways of knowing things, different epistemological methodologies for attaining a fuller description of a particular field. A particular form of epistemological pluralism is dualism, for example, the separation of methods for investigating mind from those appropriate to matter (see mind–body problem). By contrast, monism is the restriction to a single approach, for example, reductionism, which asserts the study of all phenomena can be seen as finding relations to some few basic entities.Epistemological pluralism is to be distinguished from ontological pluralism, the study of different modes of being, for example, the contrast in the mode of existence exhibited by "numbers" with that of "people" or "cars".In the philosophy of science epistemological pluralism arose in opposition to reductionism to express the contrary view that at least some natural phenomena cannot be fully explained by a single theory or fully investigated using a single approach.In mathematics, the variety of possible epistemological approaches includes platonism ("mathematics as an objective study of abstract reality, no more created by human thought than the galaxies") radical constructivism (with restriction upon logic, banning the proof by reductio ad absurdum and other limitations), and many other schools of thought.In economics controversy exists between a single epistemological approach to economics and a variety of approaches. "At midcentury, the neoclassical approach achieved near-hegemonic status (at least in the United States), and its proponents sought to bring all kinds of social phenomena under its uniform explanatory umbrella. The resistance of some phenomena to neoclassical treatment has led a number of economists to think that alternative approaches are necessary for at least some phenomena and thus also to advocate pluralism." An extensive history of these attempts is provided by Sent.

Epispore

Epistle to Galatians

Epistle to the colossians

Epistar Corp

Epistolary between Miguel Miramón and Concepción Lombardo

Epistle of barnabas

Epistemic modal logic is a subfield of modal logic that is concerned with reasoning about knowledge. While epistemology has a long philosophical tradition dating back to Ancient Greece, epistemic logic is a much more recent development with applications in many fields, including philosophy, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, economics and linguistics.

Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ

Epistles to Titus and Timothy

Epistolographers

Epistle to Carpian

Epistle of Barnabus

Epistemological theory

Epistle of Saint Jude

Epistomological Despondency

Epistemological particularists

Epistolaries

Epistle to the romans

Epistemic mood

Epistles of John

Episperma

Epistetus

The Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot is a satire in poetic form written by Alexander Pope and addressed to his friend John Arbuthnot, a physician. It was first published in 1735 and composed in 1734, when Pope learned that Arbuthnot was dying. Pope described it as a memorial of their friendship. It has been called Pope's "most directly autobiographical work", in which he defends his practice in the genre of satire and attacks those who had been his opponents and rivals throughout his career.Both in composition and in publication, the poem had a checkered history. In its canonical form, it is composed of 419 lines of heroic couplets. The Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot is notable as the source of the phrase "damn with faint praise," used so often it has become a cliché or idiom. Another of its notable lines is "Who breaks a butterfly upon a wheel?"

Epistles

Epistemological solipsist

The epistemic merit model is a method for understanding propaganda conceived by Sheryl Tuttle Ross and detailed in her 2002 article for the Journal of Aesthetic Education entitled "Understanding Propaganda: The Epistemic Merit Model and Its Application to Art".Ross developed the Epistemic merit model due to concern about narrow, misleading definitions of propaganda. She contrasted her model with the ideas of Pope Gregory XV, the Institute for Propaganda Analysis, Alfred Lee, F.C. Bartlett, and Hans Speier. Insisting that each of their respective discussions of propaganda are too narrow, Ross proposed her own definition.

Epistlary novel

Epistilbite

Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians

Epistephium regis-alberti

Epistomological Despondency is the first studio album by British doom metal band Esoteric. The album was released in 1994 as a double CD through Aesthetic Death Records, and was remastered and reissued in 2004. In a retrospective article written about the album by Metal Injection editor Cody Davis, the album "built Esoteric's foundation in funeral doom."

Epistemic minimalism is the epistemological thesis that mere true belief is sufficient for knowledge.

The Epistle of Paul to Titus, usually referred to simply as Titus, is one of the three Pastoral Epistles (along with 1 Timothy and 2 Timothy) in the New Testament, historically attributed to Paul the Apostle but now considered by most scholars to have been written by someone else. It is addressed to Saint Titus and describes the requirements and duties of elders and bishops.

Epistle of Ignatius to the Trallesians

Epistle to yemen

Epistemological rupture

The Epistle to the Ephesians, also called the Letter to the Ephesians and often shortened to Ephesians, is the tenth book of the New Testament. Its authorship has traditionally been attributed to Paul the Apostle but, starting in 1792, this has been challenged as Deutero-Pauline, that is, written in Paul's name by a later author written in Paul’s name strongly influenced by Paul's thought. Likely, "by a loyal disciple to sum up Paul’s teaching and to apply it to a new situation fifteen to twenty-five years after the Apostle’s death.

Epistle of eugnostos

Thirty-six or thirty-seven newsletters, 1973–1984

Epistemology is a major branch of philosophy and is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge. The epistemology of Wikipedia has been a subject of interest from the earliest days of its existence.Early analysis related the epistemology of Wikipedia to social epistemology.

EpistemOlogy

Epistemologically

Epistle of Peter

Epistellar planet

Epistle to the Alexandrians

Epistle of the Apostles

The Epistle of Mathetes to Diognetus (Greek: Πρὸς Διόγνητον Ἐπιστολή) is an example of Christian apologetics, writings defending Christianity from its accusers. The Greek writer and recipient are not otherwise known; estimates of dating based on the language and other textual evidence have ranged from AD 130 (which would make it one of the earliest examples of apologetic literature), to the late 2nd century, with the latter often preferred in modern scholarship.

Epistle (Quaker)

Epistemic self-justification

Epistemic virtue

Epispasm

Epistar Corp. is the largest manufacturer of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in Taiwan. The company was established in 1996, and its headquarters are in the Northern Taiwanese city of Hsinchu, In 2009 it had an annual turnover of NT$10 billion.Epistar specialises in high-brightness LED products, which are used in general lighting, traffic signals, and various consumer products such as mobile phones and laptop computers.

Epistolary

Epistemics

Epistolae Ho-Elianae

Nothing is known for certain of a pseudepigraphical Epistle to the Alexandrians — purportedly by Paul — that is mentioned in the Muratorian fragment, one of the earliest lists of the canonical texts of the New Testament; the anonymous author of the Muratorian canon considered spurious the letters claiming to have Paul as author, and that claim to be written to the Laodiceans and this one to the Alexandrians, which are specifically said to be: "forged in Paul's name to [further] the heresy of Marcion."Theologian Theodor Zahn believed himself to have found a fragment of the Epistle to the Alexandrians in the shape of a lesson – a liturgical Epistle – in the (eighth century) Sacramentary and Lectionary of Bobbio (Paris Bib cat., Lat.

Episteme adulatrix, common name the Day flying moth, is a species of moth in the genus Episteme of the family Noctuidae.

Epistles to Several Persons

Epistles of Clement

Epistor taedium reconditus

Epistemological Letters was a hand-typed, mimeographed, "underground" physics newsletter about quantum physics that was sent out to a private mailing list, or what physicist John Clauser called a "quantum subculture," between 1973 and 1984.Distributed by a Swiss foundation, the newsletter was created because mainstream academic journals were reluctant to publish articles about the philosophy of quantum mechanics, especially anything that implied support for issues such as action at a distance.

Epistocavea mururoa

Episteira (moth)

Epistle to the Romans

Epistolary literature

Epistemology (album)

Epistemological rupture (epistemological break or epistemological obstacle; French: obstacle épistémologique, rupture épistémologique), is a notion introduced in 1938 by French philosopher Gaston Bachelard, and later used by Louis Althusser.

The Epistles (or Letters) of Horace were published in two books, in 20 BCE and 14 BCE, respectively.Epistularum liber primus (First Book of Letters) is the seventh work by Horace, published in the year 20 BCE. This book consists of 20 Epistles. The phrase sapere aude ("dare to be wise") comes from this collection of poems.Epistularum liber secundus (Second Book of Letters) was published in the year 14 BC. This book consists of 3 Epistles.

Epistemic regress

Epistemic modality is a sub-type of linguistic modality that deals with a speaker's evaluation/judgment of, degree of confidence in, or belief of the knowledge upon which a proposition is based. In other words, epistemic modality refers to the way speakers communicate their doubts, certainties, and guesses—their "modes of knowing".

Epistephium smilacifolium

Epistle of Peter (disambiguation)

Epistle to Corinth

Epistemic Modal Logic

Epistle to Dippy is a song and single by Donovan, released in 1967 outside the United Kingdom only. It charted in the USA (Billboard: No.19).Musicians featured are Donovan on vocals and acoustic guitar, Jimmy Page on electric guitar, John Cameron on keyboards and arrangement, Danny Thompson on bass, and Tony Carr on drums. Strings were provided by the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.Written in the form of an open letter to an old school friend, the song had a strong pacifist message in addition to its florid psychedelic imagery. The real "Dippy" was, at the time, serving in the British Army in Malaysia. According to Brian Hogg, who wrote the liner notes for the Donovan boxed set, Troubadour, Dippy heard the song, contacted Donovan and left the army as a result.Chart positions were: # 19 (USA Billboard), # 10 (USA Cashbox), # 10 (USA Record World)

Epistane

Epistomotis amphicentra

Epistemic optimism

Episphaeria is a genus of fungus in the Agaricales. The genus is monotypic, and contains the single rare species Episphaeria fraxinicola, found in Europe. Its familial position is not known with certainty. The tiny fruit bodies of the fungus resemble minute, white cups that grow scattered or in groups on the bark of ash trees.

Epistemic modal logic is a subfield of modal logic that is concerned with reasoning about knowledge. While epistemology has a long philosophical tradition dating back to Ancient Greece, epistemic logic is a much more recent development with applications in many fields, including philosophy, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, economics and linguistics. While philosophers since Aristotle have discussed modal logic, and Medieval philosophers such as Avicenna, Ockham, and Duns Scotus developed many of their observations, it was C. I. Lewis who created the first symbolic and systematic approach to the topic, in 1912. It continued to mature as a field, reaching its modern form in 1963 with the work of Kripke.

Epistemic luck

Epistemic closure is a property of some belief systems.

Epistemologic

Epistemological solipsism

Episteme (Foucault)

Epistemological

Epistaxis

Epistle to Titus

Epistemological nihilism

The epistemic theory of miracles is the name given by the philosopher William Vallicella to the theory of miraculous events given by St. Augustine and Baruch Spinoza. According to the theory, there are no events contrary to nature — that is no "transgressions", in Hume's sense, of the laws of nature. An event is a miracle only in the sense that it does not agree with our understanding of nature, or fit our picture of nature, or that it thwarts our expectations as to how the world should behave. According to a perfect scientific understanding there would be no miracles at all.The name of the theory is derived from the Ancient Greek word ἐπιστήμη, episteme, meaning "well-founded knowledge".

Epistemic moods

Epistle of Diognetus

Epistemic closure

Epistemology is the sixth studio album by the Norwegian extreme metal band Keep of Kalessin, released on February 16, 2015, through Indie.

Epistemic democracy is the "doctrine of the wisdom of the multitude."

Epistle to Hebrews

Epistemologist

Epistle of Polycarp

Epistle of Paul to Philemon

The Epistola Adefonsi Hispaniae regis anno 906 (“letter of Alfonso, king of Spain in the year 906”) is a letter purportedly written by Alfonso III of Asturias to the clergy of the cathedral of Saint Martin's at Tours in 906. The letter is primarily about the king of Asturias purchasing a crown kept in the treasury of the church of Tours, but it also includes instructions for visiting the shrine of James, son of Zebedee, which lay in Alfonso's kingdom. An exchange of literature was also arranged in the letter. Alfonso requested a written account of the posthumours miracles worked by Saint Martin. In return the church of Tours would receive the Vitas sanctorum patrum Emeritensium, a hagriography of some early Bishops of Mérida.The authenticity of the letter is widely questioned and "it has generally been regarded with scepticism by modern historical scholarship." It is rejected, for example, by Lucien Barrau-Dihigo, although it has been accepted as genuine by Hermann Hüffer, Carl Erdmann, and Richard Fletcher.

Epistle to the ephesians

Epistola fundamenti

The Epistle to Corinth was a letter written by the 'brethren' (Greek: οι αδελφοι) of the early Christian Church in Ephesus to the church in Corinth in Achaia, referred to in the Acts of the Apostles, commending the Corinthian church to welcome the preacher Apollos:"And when [Apollos] desired to cross to Achaia, the brethren wrote, exhorting the disciples to receive him" (Acts 18:27).The letter is now lost.English biblical translators differ in their interpretation of the 'encouraging' (Greek: προτρεψάμενοι) role of the letter, as it can be interpreted as encouraging Apollos (e.g. the ASV translation: "the brethren encouraged him, and wrote to the disciples ..."), or as encouraging the Corinthian church (e.g. the Modern English Version: "the brothers wrote to encourage the disciples to welcome him"). The Pulpit Commentary suggests it is "rather more consonant to the structure of the sentence and to the probability of the case that the exhortation was addressed to the Corinthian Church, and not to Apollos, who needed no such encouragement".

Epistemological skepticism

Epistemic logic

*Phaeocyphella fraxinicola (Berk. & Broome)Rea(1922)

The Epistle to the Easterners is an apostolic letter sent by Pope Pius IX in 1848 to the bishops and clergy of the Orthodox Churches not in full communion with the Pope, urging them to resume communion.The Epistle is the first of a series of apostolic letters and encyclicals published by Pius IX defining the terms and conditions for a reunification between the Roman Church and the Orthodox Churches, after the Great Schism of 1054.

The Epistles of Clement are two letters ascribed to Clement of Rome (fl. 96):First Epistle of Clement;Second Epistle of Clement, not by the same author;The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church includes in their wider Biblical canon an epistle traditionally attributed as written by the apostle Paul to Clement.

Viewed as an attack on African American Studies, epistmologies of displacement is term coined by Gilbert NMO Morris, in a series of lectures published in The Triptych Papers: Lectures in Post-Colonialism, Creolization and the Epistemologies of Displacement.In The Triptych Papers, Morris summarises his argument in this way: "The immediate knowledge and experience of a displaced peoples have value which is undisclosed to the dominant culture necessarily, and this knowledge and experience is largely unrecognized, even by the displaced themselves.

Epistemic Advantage

Epistemic injustice refers to unfairness due to aspects of knowledge (the domain of epistemology), how it is communicated, and how it is understood. The term was coined by Miranda Fricker in 2007, but its meaning has since evolved.

Epistatic

The epistemic merit model is a method for understanding propaganda conceived by Sheryl Tuttle Ross and detailed in her 2002 article for the Journal of Aesthetic Education entitled "Understanding Propaganda: The Epistemic Merit Model and Its Application to Art".Ross developed the Epistemic merit model due to concern about narrow, misleading definitions of propaganda. She contrasted her model with the ideas of Pope Gregory XV, the Institute for Propaganda Analysis, Alfred Lee, F.C.

Episparis penetrata

Epistome

Epistemic injustice

Epistemology of finance is a field of study that aims at providing a conceptual framework for the interpretation of mathematical models in finance, in order to determine the epistemological standards according to which financial theory must be assessed. Subjects covered include the study of financial crisis as well as the epistemology of financial reporting.It is closely related to philosophy and economics.

Episteme amphissa

Epistatic gene

Epistemic probability

Epistles of clement

Epistemic conservatism is a view in epistemology about the structure of reasons or justification for belief. While there are various forms, epistemic conservatism is generally the view that a person's believing some claim is a reason in support of the claim, at least on the face of it. Others formulate epistemic conservatism as the view that one is, to some degree, justified in believing something simply because one believes it.Expanding the thesis, epistemic conservatism implies that it is unreasonable to revise or alter our personal beliefs and ideologies without good reasons to do so. This action of revising would cause an unnecessary use of resources/energy by the individual, and it would not offer the individual any epistemic value. Epistemic conservatism sees an epistemic value in just holding one’s beliefs stable.There have been some critics of the thesis but several important methodologies assume that this thesis holds true.

The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians, often referred to simply as Philippians, is the eleventh book in the New Testament. Paul and Timothy first visited Philippi in Greece during Paul's second missionary journey, which occurred between approximately 49 and 51 AD. Philippi was the location of the first Christian community established in Europe.Biblical scholars are in general agreement that the letter was indeed written by Paul of Tarsus.

Epistemol. Lett.

Epistles of St Paul

Epistemology (Keep of Kalessin album)

Epistemology of the Closet is a book published in 1990 by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, who is considered one of the founders of queer studies. In Epistemology of the Closet, Sedgwick argues that standard binary oppositions limit freedom and understanding, especially in the context of sexuality.

Epistemic possibility

Epistor boisduvali

Epistar Corp. is the largest manufacturer of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in Taiwan. The company was established in 1996, and its headquarters are in the Northern Taiwanese city of Hsinchu, In 2009 it had an annual turnover of NT$10 billion.Epistar specialises in high-brightness LED products, which are used in general lighting, traffic signals, and various consumer products such as mobile phones and laptop computers. The company supplies the LED backlighting for Samsung liquid crystal displays.It is the world's largest manufacturer of red and yellow LEDs, and holds over 3000 patents. It has a history of patent disputes with competitor Philips Lumileds over the use of AlInGaP LED technology. However, in September, 2009, Philips Lumileds signed an agreement to license AlInGaP technology to Epistar.

Epistolatory novel

Epistles of Brethren of Purity

Epistolae decretales

Rasa'il al-Hikma,

Epistle to Diognetus

Epistemological externalism

Epistemic conservatism

Epistemic circularity

The Epistle to Yemen or Yemen Letter (Hebrew: אגרת תימן Iggeret Teman, Arabic: الرسالة اليمنية‎) was an important communication written by Maimonides and sent to the Yemenite Jews. The epistle was written in 1173/4.It arose because of religious persecution and heresy in 12th century Yemen. The average Jewish population in Yemen for many centuries was very small. The Jews were scattered throughout the country, but were successful in business and acquired books about the history of their faith.There was a revolt against Saladin as sultan in the last quarter of the 12th century, and Shia Muslims began to persecute the Jewish faith in the Yemen at this time. At the same time, a man began preaching a syncretistic religion that combined Judaism and Islam, and claimed that the Bible had foretold his coming as a prophet.The persecution and increasing apostasy led one of Yemen's most respected Jewish scholars, Jacob ben Nathanael, to write for counsel to Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, better known as Maimonides.Maimonides replied in a Letter written in Judeo-Arabic that was later translated into Hebrew by Nahum Ma'arabi. This letter made a tremendous impression on Yemenite Jewry, and effectively stopped the new religious movement. It also served as a source of strength, consolation and support for the faith in the continuing persecution.Maimonides interceded with Saladin in Egypt, and shortly thereafter the persecution came to an end.

Epistola de Secretis Operibus Artis et Naturae

Epistle to dippy

Epistenia

Epistle to Dippy

Epistles of john

Epistolary novels

Epistle To The Philippians

The Epistle of Eugnostos is one of many Gnostic tractates from the Nag Hammadi library, discovered in Egypt in 1945. The Nag Hammadi codices contain two full copies of this tractate.

Epistle of the New Testament Jude

Epistar

Epistola Adefonsi Hispaniae regis anno 906

The Epistle to the Son of the Wolf is the last major work of Bahá'u'lláh, founder of the Bahá'í Faith, written in 1891 just before his death in 1892. It is a letter written to "the son of the Wolf," Shaykh Muhammad Taqi known as Áqá Najafi (1846-1914), a Muslim cleric in Isfáhán, where his family was the most powerful clerical family.

Epistemic modality

Epistles of Manushchihr

Epistemology of the Closet is a book published in 1990 by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, who is considered one of the founders of queer studies. In Epistemology of the Closet, Sedgwick argues that standard binary oppositions limit freedom and understanding, especially in the context of sexuality. Sedgwick argues that limiting sexuality to homosexuality or heterosexuality, in a structured binary opposition, is just too simplistic.Epistemology of the Closet attacks the question of what makes up human sexuality. The basis for the answer to this question comes from Sedgwick's understanding and examination of queer theory, which she describes for her readers.According to Sedgwick, the central thesis of the book is that "virtually any aspect of modern Western culture, must be, not merely incomplete, but damaged in its central substance to the degree that it does not incorporate a critical analysis of modern homo/heterosexual definition."In the book, Sedgwick analyzes a late nineteenth century historical moment in which sexual orientation became as important a definer of personal identity as gender had been for centuries. In her preface, Sedgwick examines the book both personally and historically, as she analyzes the first wave of the AIDS epidemic and its influence on the text. Through this and various other examples, Sedgwick reveals that several sexual contradictions result in modern misunderstanding. The book also largely focuses on language's impact on sexuality, and how labeled speech acts are ultimately the proof of the nature of one’s sexuality.

Epistle (in Scripture)

Epistle to the galatians

Epistemic feedback

The Epistles of Manushchihr (Minocher) are a response to comments made by the author's brother on the subject of purification in Zoroastrianism.When Zadsparam, who was the high priest of Sirjan which is located near Kerman, proposed certain new precepts, the public were not ready for change and were very unsatisfied.

Episterol

Epistemic modality is a sub-type of linguistic modality that deals with a speaker's evaluation/judgment of, degree of confidence in, or belief of the knowledge upon which a proposition is based. In other words, epistemic modality refers to the way speakers communicate their doubts, certainties, and guesses—their "modes of knowing". More technically, epistemic modality may be defined "...as (the linguistic expression of) an evaluation of the chances that a certain hypothetical state of affairs under consideration (or some aspect of it) will occur, is occurring, or has occurred in a possible world which serves as the universe of interpretation for the evaluation process… In other words, epistemic modality concerns an estimation of the likelihood that (some aspect of) a certain state of affairs is/has been/will be true (or false) in the context of the possible world under consideration. This estimation of likelihood is situated on a scale going from certainty that the state of affairs applies, via a neutral or agnostic stance towards its occurrence, to certainty that it does not apply, with intermediary positions on the positive and the negative sides of the scale".Being a sub-type of linguistic modality, epistemic modality can in its turn be classified into a number of sub-types according to various criteria. An original classification of epistemic modality based on the conception of alienated knowledge is given in the work of V. A. Yatsko.

Episteme amphissum

Epistle of jude

Epistemic virtues

Epistomentis

Epistle of the Corinthians to Paul

The Epistles (Greek: Ἐπιστολαί; Latin: Epistolae) of Plato are a series of thirteen letters traditionally included in the Platonic corpus. Their authenticity has been the subject of some dispute, and scholarly consensus has shifted back and forth over time. They were "generally accepted as genuine until modern times"; but by the close of the nineteenth century, many philologists (such as Richard Bentley, Christoph Meiners, and Friedrich Ast) believed that none of the letters were actually written by Plato. Now every letter except the First has some defenders of its authenticity. The Twelfth is also widely regarded as a forgery, and the Fifth and Ninth have fewer supporters than the others.The Epistles focus mostly on Plato's time in Syracuse and his influence on the political figures Dion and Dionysius. They are generally biographical rather than philosophical, although several, notably the Seventh Letter, gesture at the doctrines of Plato's philosophy. Only two, the Second and Seventh, directly reference Plato's teacher Socrates, the major figure within his philosophical dialogues.

Epistle to Arbuthnot

Epistle of Aristeas

The Epistle to Yemen or Yemen Letter (Hebrew: אגרת תימן Iggeret Teman, Arabic: الرسالة اليمنية‎) was an important communication written by Maimonides and sent to the Yemenite Jews. The epistle was written in 1173/4.It arose because of religious persecution and heresy in 12th century Yemen. The average Jewish population in Yemen for many centuries was very small.

Epistle of Ignatius to the Smyrnans

Episternum

Epistemology

The epistemic theory of miracles is the name given by the philosopher William Vallicella to the theory of miraculous events given by St. Augustine and Baruch Spinoza. According to the theory, there are no events contrary to nature — that is no "transgressions", in Hume's sense, of the laws of nature. An event is a miracle only in the sense that it does not agree with our understanding of nature, or fit our picture of nature, or that it thwarts our expectations as to how the world should behave.

Epistles to the Thessalonians (disambiguation)

Epistolae Ho-Elianae (or Familiar Letters) is a literary work by the 17th-century Anglo-Welsh historian and writer, James Howell. It was mainly written when Howell was in the Fleet Prison, during the 1640s; but its content reflects earlier travels he made from 1616 on behalf of a London glass factory. It appeared in three volumes from 1645 to 1650. A fourth volume was added in a collected edition of 1655.It has been suggested that some of the letters are fictional. The selection of the recipients has also been attributed to patronage relationships. A "Mrs. A. W." who occurs as recipient has been fitted to another letter by Howell to provide a tentative deductive identification of the author of A Continuation of Sir Philip Sydney's Arcadia (1651) as Anna Weamys, who is not otherwise traced as a writer.As travel literature, Howell's work largely neglects scenic description. But some of the language used has been described as a possible source for the work of Joshua Poole on epithets.The fourth edition (1678) was published by Thomas Guy, and profits went to founding Guy's Hospital in London.

Epistle to philemon

Epistle to the Phillipians

*Cyphella fraxinicola (Berk. & Broome (1875)

Epistemological Letters was a hand-typed, mimeographed, "underground" physics newsletter about quantum physics that was sent out to a private mailing list, or what physicist John Clauser called a "quantum subculture," between 1973 and 1984.Distributed by a Swiss foundation, the newsletter was created because mainstream academic journals were reluctant to publish articles about the philosophy of quantum mechanics, especially anything that implied support for issues such as action at a distance. Thirty-six or thirty-seven issues of the Epistemological Letters appeared, each between four and eighty-nine pages long. Several well-known scientists, including the Irish physicist John Bell (1928–1990), the originator of Bell's theorem, published their material there. According to Clauser, much of the early work on Bell's theorem was published only in Epistemological Letters.

Epistemic culture

Epistel No 5 (released September 28, 2012 by the label Inner Ear/Musikkkoperatørene - INEA 16) is an studio album by Vigleik Storaas Trio.

Episparis is a genus of moths in the Erebidae family.

Nothing is known for certain of a pseudepigraphical Epistle to the Alexandrians — purportedly by Paul — that is mentioned in the Muratorian fragment, one of the earliest lists of the canonical texts of the New Testament; the anonymous author of the Muratorian canon considered spurious the letters claiming to have Paul as author, and that claim to be written to the Laodiceans and this one to the Alexandrians, which are specifically said to be: "forged in Paul's name to [further] the heresy of Marcion."Theologian Theodor Zahn believed himself to have found a fragment of the Epistle to the Alexandrians in the shape of a lesson – a liturgical Epistle – in the (eighth century) Sacramentary and Lectionary of Bobbio (Paris Bib cat., Lat. 13246). It is headed Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians, but it is not from that letter or any other. Other scholars consider that it is simply an alternative title to the Epistle to the Hebrews; the "Epistle to the Laodiceans" mentioned with it in the list discovered by Father Ludovico Antonio Muratori is often identified with the Epistle to the Ephesians.

Epistemologies of displacement

Epistemics is a term coined in 1969 by Edinburgh University with the foundation of its School of Epistemics.Epistemics is to be distinguished from epistemology in that epistemology is the philosophical theory of knowledge, whereas epistemics signifies the scientific study of knowledge. Epistemics is also compared to Cognitive Science.Christopher Longuet-Higgins has defined it as "the construction of formal models of the processes - perceptual, intellectual, and linguistic - by which knowledge and understanding are achieved and communicated. In his 1978 essay "Epistemics: The Regulative Theory of Cognition," Alvin J. Goldman claims to have coined the term "epistemics" to describe a reorientation of epistemology. Goldman maintains that his epistemics is continuous with traditional epistemology and the new term is only to avoid opposition. Epistemics, in Goldman's version, differs only slightly from traditional epistemology in its alliance with the psychology of cognition; epistemics stresses the detailed study of mental processes and information-processing mechanisms that lead to knowledge or beliefs.In the mid-1980s, the School of Epistemics was renamed as The Centre for Cognitive Science (CCS). In 1998, CCS was incorporated into the University of Edinburgh's School of Informatics.

An epistates (Greek: ἐπιστάτης) in ancient Greece was any sort of superintendent or overseer. In the Hellenistic kingdoms generally, an epistates is always connected with a subject district (a regional assembly), where the epistates, as resident representative of the king, exercised control and collected taxes.

"Episteme" is a philosophical term derived from the Ancient Greek word ἐπιστήμη epistēmē, which can refer to knowledge, science or understanding, and which comes from the verb ἐπίστασθαι, meaning "to know, to understand, or to be acquainted with".Plato contrasts episteme with "doxa": common belief or opinion. Episteme is also distinguished from "techne": a craft or applied practice. The word "epistemology" is derived from episteme.

Epistemology of finance

Epistle of St. Paul to the Hebrews

Epistemic structural realism

Epistemic responsibility

Epistemological constructivism

The Epistles (Greek: Ἐπιστολαί; Latin: Epistolae) of Plato are a series of thirteen letters traditionally included in the Platonic corpus. Their authenticity has been the subject of some dispute, and scholarly consensus has shifted back and forth over time.

Epistemological pluralism is a term used in philosophy, economics, and virtually any field of study to refer to different ways of knowing things, different epistemological methodologies for attaining a fuller description of a particular field. A particular form of epistemological pluralism is dualism, for example, the separation of methods for investigating mind from those appropriate to matter (see mind–body problem).

Epistasis refers to genetic interactions in which the mutation of one gene masks the phenotypic effects of a mutation at another locus. Systematic analysis of these epistatic interactions can provide insight into the structure and function of genetic pathways. Examining the phenotypes resulting from pairs of mutations helps in understanding how the function of these genes intersects. Genetic interactions are generally classified as either Positive/Alleviating or Negative/Aggravating. Fitness epistasis (an interaction between non-allelic genes) is positive (in other words, diminishing, antagonistic or buffering) when a loss of function mutation of two given genes results in exceeding the fitness predicted from individual effects of deleterious mutations, and it is negative (that is, reinforcing, synergistic or aggravating) when it decreases fitness. Ryszard Korona and Lukas Jasnos showed that the epistatic effect is usually positive in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Usually, even in case of positive interactions double mutant has smaller fitness than single mutants. The positive interactions occur often when both genes lie within the same pathway Conversely, negative interactions are characterized by an even stronger defect than would be expected in the case of two single mutations, and in the most extreme cases (synthetic sick/lethal) the double mutation is lethal. This aggravated phenotype arises when genes in compensatory pathways are both knocked out.High-throughput methods of analyzing these types of interactions have been useful in expanding our knowledge of genetic interactions. Synthetic genetic arrays (SGA), diploid based synthetic lethality analysis on microarrays (dSLAM), and epistatic miniarray profiles (E-MAP) are three important methods which have been developed for the systematic analysis and mapping of genetic interactions. This systematic approach to studying epistasis on a genome wide scale has significant implications for functional genomics. By identifying the negative and positive interactions between an unknown gene and a set genes within a known pathway, these methods can elucidate the function of previously uncharacterized genes within the context of a metabolic or developmental pathway.

Epistola Adefonsi Hispaniae regis

Epistem

Epistle to a Godson

Epistles of Clement (disambiguation)

Epistles of Fredman

Epistles of St. Paul

Epistolæ Ho-elianæ

An epispore is a reproductive mechanism present in various lichens. These spores aid with reproduction.

The Epistola Adefonsi Hispaniae regis anno 906 (“letter of Alfonso, king of Spain in the year 906”) is a letter purportedly written by Alfonso III of Asturias to the clergy of the cathedral of Saint Martin's at Tours in 906. The letter is primarily about the king of Asturias purchasing a crown kept in the treasury of the church of Tours, but it also includes instructions for visiting the shrine of James, son of Zebedee, which lay in Alfonso's kingdom.

Epistle To Dippy

Epistemic theory of miracles

Rasa'il al-hikma

Epistephium

Epistle to the Son of the Wolf

Epistemological particularism

Epistles of the new testament

Epistle to the English

Epistemic commitment is an obligation, which may be withdrawn only under appropriate circumstances, to uphold the factual truth of a given proposition, and to provide reasons for one's belief in that proposition. Epistemic means 'of, or relating to knowledge'. An epistemic commitment of some kind, on the part of the participants, underlies most arguments.

Episteotomy

Epistle of Ignatius to the Trallians

Epistasis, genetic

Epistles of Horace

Epistle of jeremy

Epistemic commitment is an obligation, which may be withdrawn only under appropriate circumstances, to uphold the factual truth of a given proposition, and to provide reasons for one's belief in that proposition. Epistemic means 'of, or relating to knowledge'. An epistemic commitment of some kind, on the part of the participants, underlies most arguments. For instance, each participant in an argument would have a position that they are expressing, and an underlying epistemic commitment fundamental to their reasoning.

Epistles of Paul

Epistomentis pictus

The Epistle to the Son of the Wolf is the last major work of Bahá'u'lláh, founder of the Bahá'í Faith, written in 1891 just before his death in 1892. It is a letter written to "the son of the Wolf," Shaykh Muhammad Taqi known as Áqá Najafi (1846-1914), a Muslim cleric in Isfáhán, where his family was the most powerful clerical family. Bahá'u'lláh called the father, Shaykh Muhammad Báqir (1819-1883), the Wolf because of his responsibility for the execution of the Nahrí brothers in Isfahan in 1879. The father and son were known for their persecution of the Bahá’ís.

Epistles to Timothy and Titus

Epistle to the Ephesians

The term epistemocracy has many conflicting uses, generally designating someone of rank having some epistemic property or other. Nassim Nicholas Taleb used it in 2007 to designate a utopian type of society where the leadership possesses epistemic humility. He claims the French writer Michel de Montaigne was a modern epistemocrat.

Epistle of Saint James

Epistematics

Epistemic minimalism is the epistemological thesis that mere true belief is sufficient for knowledge. That is, the meaning of "Smith knows that it rained today" is accurately and completely analyzed by these two conditions:Smith believes that it rained today.It is true that it rained today.The thesis is called minimalist by way of contrast with the competing accounts, which more or less universally require that true belief is necessary but insufficient for knowledge—that is, that a belief needs to be true in order to count as knowledge, but that truth alone is not enough—that something else is needed. Traditionally, that something else was held to be evidential justification; today it is usually held to be either justification and also some other condition, or else some other condition instead of justification, which will avoid the Gettier problem.Whatever the analysis, though, the standard view (both pre-Gettier and post-Gettier) pushes for narrower analyses of knowledge than mere true belief. Epistemic minimalism turns in exactly the opposite direction, and argues for a much more inclusive analysis--one which includes even Gettier cases, lucky guesses, and completely unjustified beliefs, as long as they happen to be true. The thesis is a minimalism in the sense that it eschews the additional requirements piled on top of true belief and argues that the intuitive reasons given for the justified true belief (JTB) analysis and its descendants are either misleading or misunderstood.The most famous (or infamous) proponent of epistemic minimalism is Crispin Sartwell (1991). The view has been criticized by many epistemologists, with an influential criticism being delivered by William Lycan (1994).

Epistemologies of Displacement

The Epistle to the Easterners is an apostolic letter sent by Pope Pius IX in 1848 to the bishops and clergy of the Orthodox Churches not in full communion with the Pope, urging them to resume communion.The Epistle is the first of a series of apostolic letters and encyclicals published by Pius IX defining the terms and conditions for a reunification between the Roman Church and the Orthodox Churches, after the Great Schism of 1054. The Pope's attitudes were later confirmed by the First Vatican Council, over which he presided.The letter was answered the same year by several leading members of the Orthodox Church, in the Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs, which restated the theological controversies between the two Churches, most notably the dispute over the addition of the Filioque to the Nicene Creed, and papal supremacy.

Al-Hikma al-Sharifa,

Epistle of Paul to Titus

Epistemic solipsism

Epistle to the Kings

Epistola

Epistocracy

Epistemic solipsist

Epistemological particularist

Episphaeria

Epistles of manushchihr

Epistemologists

Epistle to Bathurst

Epistle to augusta

Epistle to the easterns

Epistolary fiction

Epistle to Yemen

Epistemic

Episparis