Johann Jakob Wepfer

Johann Joachim Faber (12 April 1778 in Hamburg - 2 August 1846 in Hamburg) was a landscape painter who was born in Hamburg. He worked originally at historical subjects, and painted the altar-piece, Suffer Little Children to come unto Me, for St. Catharine's Church at Hamburg. On his journey to Italy in company with J. A. Koch and Reinhardt, he was induced to adopt landscape painting, in which line he is best known. The Berlin Gallery contains a View of the Capuchin Monastery, near Naples, by him (1830). He died in Hamburg in 1846.

Johann Joseph von Prechtl (16 November 1778, Bischofsheim, Grand-Dukal Würzburg/(today's) Lower Franconia – 28 October 1854, Wieden No. 54 (today's Paniglgasse, 4th district of Vienna)) was a German-born Austrian (since 1802) technologist and educator.

Johann Joseph Thalherr (or Talherr), also known as Czech: Jan Josef Talherr or Hungarian: József Talherr (1730 – 16 October 1801), was an Austrian architect.Thalherr was born in Fulnek, Moravia (now Czech Republic). He studied architecture in Vienna and, after graduation, worked there as court architect, under the direction of Isidore Canevale.In 1782 he moved to Buda and worked as chamber-architect, being promoted chief of the Hungarian Direction of Constructions, and remained there until his death. He is one of the main representatives of the Palladian revival in Central Europe. His constructions can be found in Budapest, Bratislava, Győr and several other Hungarian cities.

Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums

Johann Karl Stamitz

Performed by Alex Murray and Martha Goldstein

Johann Jakob Müller

Johann Karl Burckhardt

Johann Jakob Engel (11 September 1741 – 28 June 1802) was a German author.

Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal (25 February 1753 in Halberstadt – 21 June 1819 in Halberstadt) was a German Protestant theologian and philologist.He studied philology and theology at the University of Halle, and afterwards worked as a schoolteacher at the Stephaneum in Halberstadt. In 1800 he was named school rector, and during the same time period, was appointed to the consistory. In 1802 he became ecclesiastical superintendent of the Principality of Halberstadt and the counties of Hohenstein and Mansfeld.

Johann Janssen

Johann Jakob Froberger - Fantasy - e minor.ogg

Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin

Johann Joseph Hoffmann (February 16, 1805 – January 23, 1878) was a noted German scholar who studied the Japanese and Chinese languages.

Johann Jakob von Tschudi

Johann Joachim Winckelmann

Johann Karl August Musäus

Johann Jakob Frey

Johann Julius Hecker (December 2, 1707 – June 24, 1768) was a German educator who established the first Realschule (practical high school) and Prussia's first teacher-education institution.Hecker was born to a family of educators in Werden, then part of Prussia. As a young man, he formed an interest in theology and was drawn to pietism and the ideas of August Hermann Francke.

Johann Jakob Noeggerath

Johann Karl Emmanuel Schenk

Johann Karl Loth

Johann Karl Friedrich Gauss

Johann Jakob Hottinger (historian)

(Johann Jakob) Wilhelm Heinse (16 February 1746, Langewiesen, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – 22 June 1803), German author, was born at Langewiesen in Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (now in Thuringia).After attending grammar school at Schleusingen he studied law at Jena and Erfurt. In Erfurt he became acquainted with Wieland and through him with "Father" Gleim who in 1772 procured him the post of tutor in a family at Quedlinburg.In 1774 he went to Düsseldorf, where he assisted the poet JG Jacobi to edit the periodical Iris. Here the famous picture gallery inspired him with a passion for art, to the study of which he devoted himself with so much zeal and insight that Jacobi furnished him with funds for a stay in Italy, where he remained for three years (1780-1783).He returned to Düsseldorf in 1784, and in 1786 was appointed reader to the elector Frederick Charles Joseph, archbishop of Mainz, who subsequently made him his librarian at Aschaffenburg, where he died.The work upon which Heinse's fame mainly rests is Ardinghello und die glückseligen Inseln (1787), a novel which forms the framework for the exposition of his views on art and life, the plot being laid in the Italy of the 16th century. This and his other novels Laidion, oder die eleusinischen Geheimnisse (1774) and Hildegard von Hohenthal (1796) combine the frank voluptuousness of Wieland with the enthusiasm of the "Sturm und Drang." Both as novelist and art critic, Heinse had considerable influence on the romantic school.

Johann Justin Preissler (1698–1771) was a German painter and draughtsman.

Johann-Julius Heinsius (1740-1812) was a German oil painter and miniaturist.He was the brother of Johann Ernst Heinsius (1731-1794) a painter of Ilmenau. They were the sons of the painter Johann Christian Heintz (1706-1752). Heinsius travelled with his father to the Netherlands around 1752 and there he became an active painter. From 1771 he went to France and exhibited canvases at salons. Soon afterwards, he returned to Germany and in 1772 he became an official painter in Weimar.Later on, he became painter of Louis XV's daughters. In 1779 and 1782 he exhibited at the "Salon de la Correspondance" in Paris. Among the works he exhibited at 1782 exhibition were portraits of the d'Espagnac family. Due to his connections to the Royal family (he had been named the “Peintre des Mesdames de France”, artist to the sisters of Louis XV) he was forced to leave France for some time during the French Revolution.In 1788 he exhibited in Berlin under the title "Hoffmahler zu Weimar". Despite his connections to the French Royalties and his foreign birth, he was eventually allowed to return to France to pick up his main practice as a portraitist. In 1790 he moved to the city Orleans about 130 kilometres south west of Paris, where he remained until this death. Regular trips to Paris, however, kept him well informed of artistic trends there. Heinsius produced a great number of oil paintings, as well as miniatures and drawings in black chalk.

Johann Joachim Bellermann (23 September 1754 – 25 October 1842) was a German Hebraist and professor of theology at Berlin University. He was one of the earliest students of Hebrew epigraphy.

Johann Just Winkelmann

Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder

Johann Jakob Weilenmann (24 January 1819, St. Gallen - 8 June 1896, St.

Swiss

Johann Joseph Ignaz Brentner

Johann Julius Gottfried Ludwig Frank

Johann Jakob Wick (1522 – 14 August 1588) was a Protestant clergyman from Zürich.Wick lived in the Zürich of Heinrich Bullinger, the successor of Huldrych Zwingli. He studied theology in Tübingen, and was pastor of Witikon, at the city hospital, and the Predigerkirche. Afterwards he was canon and second archdeacon at the Grossmünster. Wick is the collector of the Wickiana.

Johann Jakob Dorner the Younger, a Bavarian landscape painter, the son of Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder, was born at Munich in 1775. He was instructed in art by his father and by Mannlich, but he afterwards studied the works of Claude Lorrain and Karel Du Jardin. He travelled by himself through the picturesque regions of Bavaria, Switzerland, and France. His works are distinguished for spirited composition and taste in their execution. In 1803 he became Restorer, and in 1808 Inspector of the Royal Gallery at Munich, and was subsequently elected a member of the Academies of Hanau, Vienna, Berlin, and Munich. He died at Munich in 1852. The following works by him are in public collections: Berlin. Gallery. A Forest Road. 1817. Cassel. Gallery. Two Waterfalls. Munich. Pinakothek. View of the Walchensee, in the Mountains of Upper Bavaria, Waterfall, with a Huntsman, Landscape and Mill near Pasing, and Landscape in the Tyrol during a Thunderstorm.

Johann Jakob Griesbach

Johann Joseph Couven (10 November 1701 – 12 September 1763) was a German Baroque architect. He was born in Aachen, where he also died. His legacy includes several religious and secular buildings in Germany (mostly in or near Aachen, e.g. Burtscheid Abbey church), Belgium (a.o. in Eupen and Liège) and the Netherlands (in Vaals, Houthem-Sint Gerlach and Oud-Valkenburg).

Performed on an Italian harpsichord by Martha Goldstein
Lamento sopra la dolorosa perdita della Real Maestà di Ferdinando IV Rè de Romani, C major, FbWV 612

Johann Jakob Nöggerath

Maria Theresa Scheidler of Scheidlen

Johann Karl Rodbertus (August 12, 1805, Greifswald, Swedish Pomerania – December 6, 1875, Jagetzow), also known as Karl Rodbertus-Jagetzow, was a German economist and socialist of the scientific or conservative school from Greifswald. He defended the labor theory of value as well as the view, as an inference from that, that interest or profit is theft. He believed that capitalist economies tend toward overproduction.

Johann Karl Eduard Buschmann (February 14, 1805, Magdeburg - April 21, 1880, Berlin) was a German philologist. His research in comparative philology was directed chiefly toward the dialects of Malaysia and Polynesia and those of Central and Northwestern America. He worked closely with Wilhelm and Alexander von Humboldt.

Johann Joseph Christian

Musäus,+Johann+Karl+August

Johann Jonatan Bjoerling

Johann Josua Mosengel (September 16, 1663 - January 18, 1731) was a German pipe organ builder.

Johann K. Wilcke

Johann Karl Wilhelm Vatke

Fulnek, Moravia – now Czech Republic

Buschmann, Johann Karl Eduard

Sonata Concertate in D

Johann Jakob Guggenbühl

Johann Jakob Früh

Johann Joseph Keel (15 March 1837 – 12 August 1902) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1896/1897).

Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (19 November 1775 – 10 May 1813) was a German entomologist and zoologist.Illiger was the son of a merchant in Braunschweig. He studied under the entomologist Johann Hellwig, and later worked on the zoological collections of Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg.

Faber, Johann

Johann Jakob Wirz

Johann Jakob Frey the Elder (17 February 1681 – 11 January 1752) was a Swiss engraver.Frey was born at Lucerne. After learning the principles of design he went, when he was twenty-two years of age, to Rome, where he received some instruction from Arnold van Westerhout, and had afterwards the advantage of studying in the school of Carlo Maratti, at the same time with Robert van Auden-Aerd. His progress was rapid, and he was soon regarded as one of the ablest artists at Rome. His drawing is correct and tasteful, and he was a perfect master of harmony and effeot. He etched his plates with spirit, and worked over the etching with a firm and masterly hand. Pew artists have approached nearer to the style of the painters from whom they engraved than Frey. He died at Rome, aged 70.His prints, which exceed the number of one hundred, are generally of a very large size. The following are the principal:

Johann Joseph Jansen (1825–1849) was born in Germany. He was the brother of Karl Jansen, Johann Joseph was a democrat and as a result he became leader of the Cologne Workers' Association. He was a supporter of Gottschalk. He was shot by Prussian authorities in 1849 for his participation in the Baden-Palatinate uprising of 1849.

Johann Joachim Spalding

Johann Jakob Grynaeus or Gryner (October 1, 1540 – August 13, 1617) was a Swiss Protestant divine.

Johann Just Winckelmann

Johann Joseph Most

Johann Jakob Wettstein (also Wetstein; 5 March 1693 – 23 March 1754) was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.

Johann Joachim Becher (German: [ˈbɛçɐ]; 6 May 1635 – October 1682) was a German physician, alchemist, precursor of chemistry, scholar and adventurer, best known for his development of the phlogiston theory of combustion, and his advancement of Austrian cameralism.

Johann Josef Loschmidt

Johann Jakob Ruttimann

Johann Joseph Scherer (March 18, 1814 – February 17, 1869) was a German physician and chemist born in Aschaffenburg.In 1836 he graduated from the University of Würzburg, where he studied medicine, chemistry, geology and mineralogy.

Chemist,physician

Johann Karl, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin

Chronicler

Johann Jakob Froberger - Lamentation - C Major.ogg

Johann Jakob Scheuchzer

Johann Kapsberger

Performed by Alex Murray (traverso) andMartha Goldstein(harpsichord)

Johann Jakob Loewe

Johann Jakob Scherer (November 10, 1825 – December 23, 1878) was a Swiss politician.He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on July 12, 1872 and died in office on December 23, 1878. He was affiliated to the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland.During his time in office he held the following departments:Department of Finance (1872–1873)Department of Railway and Trade (1873–1874)Political Department (1875)Military Department (1876–1878)He was President of the Confederation in 1875.

Johann Joseph Vilsmayr

Johann Jakob Kaup

Johann Joachim Quantz - Sonata Concertate in D.ogg

Johann Joseph von Görres

Johann Jakob Herzog (12 September 1805, Basel – 30 September 1882, Erlangen), was a Swiss-German Protestant theologian.Herzog studied theology at the University of Basel and Berlin, earning his doctorate at the University of Basel in 1830. In 1835-1846 he was a professor of historical theology at the Academy in Lausanne.

Johann Jakob Fried

Frey, Johann Jakob

Johann Jakob Merlo (25 October 1810 – 27 October 1890) was a German historian, antiquarian and poet.

Johann Jakob Hottinger (1 December 1652 – 18 December 1735) was a Swiss theologian.

Johann Jakob Schudt (January 14, 1664 – February 14, 1722) was a German polyhistor and Orientalist.

Johann Jakob Haid

Portrait by Johann Friedrich Gerhard, 1735
Potsdam, Germany

Johann Jakob Hohl (7 June 1834 – 6 March 1913) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss Council of States (1896).

Johann Karl Friedrich Zoellner

Johann Jakob von Pistor was an 18th-century German general who served in the Imperial Russian Army. One of the most notable commanders of Russian forces in the Warsaw Uprising (1794), he authored a memoir on both the fights in Warsaw and the entire Kościuszko's Uprising.

Johann Jakob Sulzer (23 December 1821 – 27 June 1897) was a Swiss politician, mayor of Winterthur (1858–1873) and President of the Swiss Council of States (1876).

Gieseler, Johann Karl Ludwig

Johann Joseph Eugen von Guerard

Jan or Johann Josef Loschmidt (15 March 1821 – 8 July 1895), who referred to himself mostly as Josef Loschmidt (omitting his first name), was a notable Austrian scientist who performed ground-breaking work in chemistry, physics (thermodynamics, optics, electrodynamics), and crystal forms.Born in Karlsbad, a town located in the Austrian Empire (now Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic), Loschmidt became professor of physical chemistry at the University of Vienna in 1868.He had two early mentors.

Johann Joseph Couven

Johann Joachim Faber (12 April 1778 in Hamburg - 2 August 1846 in Hamburg) was a landscape painter who was born in Hamburg. He worked originally at historical subjects, and painted the altar-piece, Suffer Little Children to come unto Me, for St. Catharine's Church at Hamburg. On his journey to Italy in company with J. A. Koch and Reinhardt, he was induced to adopt landscape painting, in which line he is best known.

Johann-Julius Heinsius (1740-1812) was a German oil painter and miniaturist.He was the brother of Johann Ernst Heinsius (1731-1794) a painter of Ilmenau. They were the sons of the painter Johann Christian Heintz (1706-1752). Heinsius travelled with his father to the Netherlands around 1752 and there he became an active painter. From 1771 he went to France and exhibited canvases at salons.

Johann Jakob Hess (Freiburg im Üechtland, Switzerland, 11 January 1866 - Zurich, Switzerland, 29 April 1949), was a Swiss Egyptologist and Assyriologist and an expert in other Oriental languages.

Performed on a clavichord byJoan Benson

Karl Auerbach (1723 – c.1786) was an Austrian painter.The son of Johann Gottfried Auerbach, he was born at Vienna, and became, under his father's instruction, a talented painter of portraits and history. The cathedral of St. Stephen in Vienna possesses an altar-piece and a ceilingpainting by him. At Hetzendorf and Innsbruck there are also examples of his art. Karl Auerbach died in Vienna in 1786 (or 1788).

Johann Joseph Scherer (March 18, 1814 – February 17, 1869) was a German physician and chemist born in Aschaffenburg.In 1836 he graduated from the University of Würzburg, where he studied medicine, chemistry, geology and mineralogy. From 1836 to 1838 he practiced medicine in Wipfeld, afterwards relocating to the University of Munich, where he resumed his studies in chemistry.In 1840 he worked in the laboratory of Justus Liebig (1803-1873) at Giessen, returning to Würzburg in 1842 as a professor of organic chemistry. During his career at Würzburg, he held the title of professor in the departments of general, inorganic, and pharmacological chemistry, also attaining directorship of the Medical Institute for Chemistry and Hygiene.Scherer was a pioneer of clinical chemistry, and is remembered for applying his knowledge of chemistry to problems in the field of medicine. He made contributions in the study of urine and blood in pathological conditions, and in 1843 and 1851 demonstrated the presence of lactic acid in human blood under conditions such as hemorrhagic and septic shock. He is also credited with the discoveries of inositol and the purine derivative known as hypoxanthine.Beginning in 1852, with Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) and Gottfried Eisenmann (1795-1867), he was co-editor of Karl Friedrich Canstatt’s annual reports, Jahresbericht über die Leistungen und Fortschritte der gesammten Medicin. One of his better known publications was the 1843 book Chemische und Mikroskopische Untersuchungen zur Pathologie angestellt an den Kliniken des Julius-Hospitales zu Würzburg (Chemical and microscopic investigations of pathology performed at the Julius Hospital Clinic at Würzburg).

Johann Joseph Ignaz Brenntner

Johann Karl Bähr

, Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten

Johann Joachim Quantz

Painting

Johann Jakob Huber (27 August 1733 in Basel - 21 August 1798 in Gotha during the first European astronomical congress) was a Swiss astronomer.

Fantasia No. 2 from Libro Secondo , on the Pange Lingua theme, E minor, FbWV 202

Johann Karl Wilhelm Vatke, known as Wilhelm Vatke (March 14, 1806 – April 18, 1882), German Protestant theologian, was born at Behnsdorf, near Magdeburg. After acting as Privatdozent in Berlin, he was appointed in 1837 professor extraordinarius.Vatke was one of the founders of the newer Hexateuch criticism. In the same year in which David Strauss published his Life of Jesus, Vatke issued his book, Die Religion des Alten Testaments nach den kanonischen Büchern entwickelt, which contained the seeds of a revolution in the ideas held about the Old Testament. Since, however, his book was too philosophical to be popular, the author's theories were practically unnoticed for a generation, and the new ideas are now associated especially with the names of Abraham Kuenen and Julius Wellhausen.His other works include: Die menschliche Freiheit in ihrem Verhältniss zur Sünde und zur göttlichen Gnade (1841), Historisch-kritische Einleitung in das Alte Testament (1886), and Religionsphilosophie (1888). See O Pfleiderer, Development of Theology (1890), and TK Cheyne, Founders of Old Testament Criticism (1893).

Johann Joachim Kaendler

Tombeau fait à Paris sur la mort de Monsieur Blancrocher, C minor, FbWV 632

Johann Joachim Schwabe (29 September 1714 – 12 August 1784) was a German academic, poet and translator.

Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder, who was born at Ehrenstetten, near Freiburg in Breisgau, in 1741, was at first a pupil of Rösch at Freiburg and of Ignaz Bauer at Augsburg. He afterwards visited Italy, the Netherlands, and Paris; and excelled as a painter of historical and genre subjects. He was a professor and director of the Gallery at Munich in 1770, and died in that city in 1813.

Johann Joseph Jansen

Johann Joseph Thalherr

Würbenthal, Silesia, Austria-Hungary, current Czech Republic

Johann Jakob Hottinger (18 May 1783, in Zürich – 17 May 1860, in Zürich) was a Swiss historian. He was a great-grandson of philologist Johann Heinrich Hottinger (1620–1667).He studied theology at the Carolinum in Zürich, receiving his ordination in 1804. Afterwards, he taught classes in an upper Töchterschule and at an art school in Zürich. In 1833 he became an associate professor, then from 1844 to 1859, was a full professor of history at the University of Zürich.

Historian

left

Johann Julius Hecker

Johann Kalliwoda

Johann Karl Philipp von Cobenzl

Johann Karl Auerbach

Johann Jakob Reiske (December 25, 1716 – August 14, 1774) was a German scholar and physician. He was a pioneer in the fields of Arabic and Byzantine philology as well as Islamic numismatics.

Johann Josef von Littrow

Johann Kalb

Johann Jakob Schalch

Johann Becher

Johann Karl Nestler

Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal

Johann Jakob Zeiller (8 July 1708 – 8 July 1783) was an Austrian painter.Zeiller was born in Reutte, trained by his father Paul who was also a painter. In 1723 he began his apprenticeship with Sebastiano Conca in Rome, and then from 1729 to 1732 with Francesco Solimena in Naples. From there, Zeiller moved directly to Vienna, where he operated from 1733 until 1743 as an employee of Paul Troger.

Johann Joseph Görres

Johann Jakob von Tschudi (25 July 1818 – 8 October 1889) was a Swiss naturalist, explorer and diplomat.

Johann Joseph Abert

Johann Karl August Friedrich Wilhelm Müller

Johann Jakob Trog

Johann Justus Rein

Johann Jakob Weilenmann

Johann Karl Friedrich Zöllner

Johann Karl Nestler, Czech: Jan Karel Nestler (December 16, 1783 – July 9, 1842) was a Czech-German scientist in the field of hereditary traits, professor of natural history and agriculture at the Philosophical Faculty of University of Olomouc, dean of the faculty and rector of the university, and doyen of the Czech agriculture science.

Johann Jakob Fried (21 April 1689, Strasbourg – 3 September 1769, Strasbourg) was a German obstetrician. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of German midwifery". His son, Georg Albrecht Fried (1736-1773), was also a noted obstetrician.In 1710 he obtained his doctorate from the University of Strasbourg with a disseration thesis titled ""De cordis palpitatione".

Johann Karl Wilcke

Johann Just

Johannes Winckelmann

Johann Jakob Moser

Johann Jakob Wilhelm Heinse

Jan or Johann Josef Loschmidt (15 March 1821 – 8 July 1895), who referred to himself mostly as Josef Loschmidt (omitting his first name), was a notable Austrian scientist who performed ground-breaking work in chemistry, physics (thermodynamics, optics, electrodynamics), and crystal forms.Born in Karlsbad, a town located in the Austrian Empire (now Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic), Loschmidt became professor of physical chemistry at the University of Vienna in 1868.He had two early mentors. The first was a Bohemian priest, Adalbert Czech, who persuaded Loschmidt's parents to send young Josef to high school in the Piarist monastery in Schlackenwerth and, in 1837, to advanced high-school classes in Prague.This was followed by two years of philosophy and mathematics at Prague's Charles University, where Loschmidt met his second important mentor. This was the philosophy professor Franz S. Exner, whose eyesight was failing, and who asked Loschmidt to be his personal reader. Exner was known for his innovative school reforms, which included promoting mathematics and science as important subjects. He suggested to Loschmidt, who became a close personal friend, that he apply mathematics to psychological phenomena. In the process of doing this, he became a very able mathematician.The era, when Loschmidt gradually developed his ideas on molecular structures, was to be a notable epoch in science. It was the time when the Kinetic Theory of Gases was being developed.His 1861 booklet, Chemische Studien ("chemical studies"), proposed two-dimensional representations for over 300 molecules in a style remarkably similar to that used by modern chemists. Among these were aromatic molecules such as benzene (C6H6), and related triazines. Loschmidt symbolized the benzene nucleus by a large circle, which he said was to indicate the yet-undetermined structure of the compound. Some have argued, however, that he intended this as the suggestion of a cyclical structure, four years before that of Kekulé, who is better known and is generally credited with the discovery of benzene's cyclic structure.In 1865, Loschmidt was the first to estimate the size of the molecules that make up the air: his result was only twice the true size, a remarkable feat given the approximations he had to make. His method allowed the size of any gas molecules to be related to measurable phenomena, and hence to determine how many molecules are present in a given volume of gas. This latter quantity is now known as the Loschmidt constant in his honour, and its modern value is 2.69 x 1019 molecules per cubic centimetre at standard temperature and pressure (STP).Loschmidt and his younger university colleague Ludwig Boltzmann became good friends. His critique of Boltzmann's attempt to derive the second law of thermodynamics from kinetic theory became famous as the "reversibility paradox". It led Boltzmann to his statistical concept of entropy as a logarithmic tally of the number of microstates corresponding to a given thermodynamic state.Loschmidt retired from university in 1891 and died in 1895 in Vienna. His only child had died before him at the age of ten.

Johann Joachim von Ziethen

Johann Karl August Musaus

Johann Joseph Scherer

Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger

Johann Karl Simon Morgenstern

Johann Jakob Quandt

Johann Joseph Goerres

Johann Jakob Quandt (Lithuanian: Jonas Jokūbas Kvantas; 27 March 1686 in Königsberg – 17 January 1772 in Königsberg) was a German orthodox Lutheran theologian, professor of theology in Königsberg. He opposed Pietism, but sympathized with Wolffianism. He is known for sponsoring the first complete translation of the Bible into Lithuanian, the Quandt Bible of 1735.

Johann Jakob Sulzer

Johann Joachim Spalding (1 November 1714 – 25 May 1804) was a German Protestant theologian and philosopher of Scottish ancestry who was a native of Tribsees, Swedish Pomerania. He was the father of Georg Ludwig Spalding (1762–1811), a professor at Grauen Kloster in Berlin.He grew up as a son of the parish priest in Tribsees and studied himself philosophy and theology at the Universities of Rostock and Greifswald, afterwards working as an auxiliary preacher in his hometown of Tribsees.

Johann Joseph von Prechtl

Painter, writer.

Johann Joseph Gassner

Johann Joachim Quantz (German: [kvants]; 30 January 1697 – 12 July 1773) was a German flutist, flute maker and Baroque music composer. He composed hundreds of flute sonatas and concertos, and wrote On Playing the Flute, a treatise on flute performance.

Johann Jakob Kneucker

Johann Jakob Scherer

Buda – now Budapest, Hungary

Johann Karl Ehrenfried Kegel (October 3, 1784 in Rammelburg - June 25, 1863) was a German agronomist and explorer of the Kamchatka Peninsula. He died in Odessa in 1863.

Johann Joseph Ignaz von Doellinger

Performed on an Italian harpsichord byMartha Goldstein

Johann Jacob Froberger - Tombeau.ogg

Johann Joseph Abert (20 September 1832 – 1 April 1915 in Stuttgart) was a German composer. An ethnic German from the Sudetenland, he is also known by his Czech name Jan Josef Abert.

Johann Jakob Trog (21 April 1807 – 7 January 1867) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council (1851/1852).

(Johann Jakob) Wilhelm Heinse (16 February 1746, Langewiesen, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – 22 June 1803), German author, was born at Langewiesen in Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (now in Thuringia).After attending grammar school at Schleusingen he studied law at Jena and Erfurt.

Johann Karl Simon Morgenstern (28 August [O.S. 17 August] 1770 – 15 September [O.S. 3 September] 1852) was a German philologist in Livonia, the first director of the library of the Imperial University of Dorpat. He coined the term Bildungsroman.

Reiske, Johann Jacob

Johann Jakob Guggenbuhl

Johann Jakob Noggerath

Johann Jakob Scheffmacher (27 April 1668 – 18 August 1733) was an Alsatian Jesuit theologian.

Johann Julius Walbaum

Johann Jakob Schudt

Johann Karl Eduard Buschmann

Johann Joseph Rudolph

Johann Karl Thilo (Langensalza, near Erfurt, 28 November 1794 — Halle 17 May 1853) was a German theologian and biblical scholar.He studied theology at the University of Leipzig and a final semester at the University of Halle, where he was appointed to teach at the preparatory Paedagogium of the Francke institutions, and assisted his father-in-law, Georg Christian Knapp, director of the theological seminary.

Johann Joseph Gassner (22 August 1727 in Braz, near Bludenz, Vorarlberg – 1779 Pondorf, now part of Winklarn, Bavaria) was a noted exorcist.While a Catholic priest at Klösterle he gained a wide celebrity by professing to "cast out devils" and to work cures on the sick by means simply of prayer; he was attacked as an impostor, but the bishop of Regensburg, who believed in his honesty, bestowed upon him the cure of Pondorf.Gassner's methods have been linked to a special form of hypnotic training. He has been described as a predecessor of modern hypnosis. Henri Ellenberger, in his "Discovery of the Unconscious", placed the dispute between Gassner and Franz Anton Mesmer at the center of modern psychotherapy.

Tschudi,+Johann+Jakob+von

Johann Just Winckelmann (19 August 1620 – 3 July 1699 ) was a German writer and historian.Under his pseudonym Stanislaus Mink von Wennsshein he is also known for having introduced a mnemonic system, the Major System (also called phonetic system or phonetic mnemonic system), used for memorizing numbers.

Johann Karl Bahr

Johann Jakob Stehlin (20 January 1803 – 18 December 1879) was a Swiss politician of the Free Democratic Party.Born in Basel, Stehlin was mayor of that city from 1858 to 1868. He also represented the canton Basel-City in the National Council, which he presided over in 1858/59 and 1867/68, and in the Council of States.On 11 July 1855, Stehlin was elected to the Swiss Federal Council to succeed the deceased Josef Munzinger. The next day, he declined the election, becoming the first of five Councillor-elects (as of 2008) to do so. Josef Martin Knüsel was elected in his place on 14 July.Two of Stehlin's sons also acquired renown: Karl Rudolf Stehlin, also a member of the Council of States, and Johann Jakob Stehlin junior, a noted architect.

Johann Justus Kahle

Johann Julius Heinsius

Canzona No. 5 for organ, first part (MIDI)

Johann Joseph Thalherr (or Talherr), also known as Czech: Jan Josef Talherr or Hungarian: József Talherr (1730 – 16 October 1801), was an Austrian architect.Thalherr was born in Fulnek, Moravia (now Czech Republic).

Physiologist and physicist

Johann Jakob Hohl

Johann Jakob Tischbein

Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal (25 February 1753 in Halberstadt – 21 June 1819 in Halberstadt) was a German Protestant theologian and philologist.He studied philology and theology at the University of Halle, and afterwards worked as a schoolteacher at the Stephaneum in Halberstadt. In 1800 he was named school rector, and during the same time period, was appointed to the consistory.

Johann Joseph Vilsmayr (1663 – 11 July 1722) was an Austrian violinist and composer. From 1 September 1689 he worked at Salzburg's Hofkapelle, where he almost certainly became a pupil of Heinrich Ignaz Biber, one of the best contemporary European violinists. Judging from the regular increases of his salary, Vilsmayr must have quickly attained a good reputation at the court. He kept the Salzburg position until his death on 11 July 1722.Vilsmayr's only surviving music is a collection published in Salzburg in 1715, titled Artificiosus Concentus pro Camera. It contains six partitas à Violino Solo Con Basso bellè imitate—a description that, until recently, was taken as "for solo violin and basso continuo". The bass part was presumed to be lost, however, scholar Pauline H. Nobes has recently demonstrated that the partitas were probably meant for violin solo, and Con Basso bellè imitate may refer to the polyphonic texture of the works.

Johann Jakob Schmauss (10 March 1690 - 8 April 1747) was a German jurist, historian, and university professor.

Johann Jakob Herzog (12 September 1805, Basel – 30 September 1882, Erlangen), was a Swiss-German Protestant theologian.Herzog studied theology at the University of Basel and Berlin, earning his doctorate at the University of Basel in 1830. In 1835-1846 he was a professor of historical theology at the Academy in Lausanne. Afterwards he served as a professor in Halle, and eventually (1854), he settled at Erlangen as a professor of church history.Herzog is remembered for his writings on the history of the Reformation (Zwingli, John Calvin, Johannes Oecolampadius), and for his studies of the Waldensian Church.Herzog was author of the "Real-Encyklopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche" (1853–1868, 22 volumes), of which a new edition, in collaboration with Gustav Leopold Plitt and Albert Hauck, was published from 1877 to 1888 (18 volumes). From 1896 to 1913, Hauck released a third edition of the encyclopedia (24 volumes; Vol 1–22, 1896–1909, with two later supplements). Based on the encyclopedia's third edition, the New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge was subsequently published in English from 1908 to 1914 (13 volumes).

Johann Jakob Zeiller (8 July 1708 – 8 July 1783) was an Austrian painter.Zeiller was born in Reutte, trained by his father Paul who was also a painter. In 1723 he began his apprenticeship with Sebastiano Conca in Rome, and then from 1729 to 1732 with Francesco Solimena in Naples. From there, Zeiller moved directly to Vienna, where he operated from 1733 until 1743 as an employee of Paul Troger. In 1737 he received the coveted title of an imperial court painter from the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna.Zeiller painted primarily religious-themed frescoes. He did frescoes for the Aldersbach Abbey in Fürstenzell and the Ettal Abbey. He later returned to Reutte where he continued to work until his death in 1783. He contributed many frescoes in churches in Tyrol.

winck

Johann Jakob Römer

Johann Jakob Stehlin (20 January 1803 – 18 December 1879) was a Swiss politician of the Free Democratic Party.Born in Basel, Stehlin was mayor of that city from 1858 to 1868. He also represented the canton Basel-City in the National Council, which he presided over in 1858/59 and 1867/68, and in the Council of States.On 11 July 1855, Stehlin was elected to the Swiss Federal Council to succeed the deceased Josef Munzinger.

Johann Joseph Christian (12 February 1706 – 22 June 1777) was a German Baroque sculptor and woodcarver. His masterworks are considered to be the choir stalls in Zwiefalten Abbey and Ottobeuren Abbey.Christian was born in Riedlingen, in Further Austria (present-day Baden-Württemberg). His rare double gift as a woodworker and stucco sculptor was equalled only by Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer.

Johann Joseph Ignaz von Döllinger

Johann Karl Wilhelm Vatke, known as Wilhelm Vatke (March 14, 1806 – April 18, 1882), German Protestant theologian, was born at Behnsdorf, near Magdeburg. After acting as Privatdozent in Berlin, he was appointed in 1837 professor extraordinarius.Vatke was one of the founders of the newer Hexateuch criticism.

Johann Joseph Wurth

Johann Jakob Frey the Elder

Archaeology, art history

Johann Jakob Scheffmacher

Johann Josef Maria Zwyssig

Johann Jakob Froberger

Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz

Johann Jakob Heckel (23 January 1790 – 1 March 1857) was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim in the Electoral Palatinate.

Johann Jakob Erhardt

Johann Karl Fuhlrott

Johann Walbaum

Canzona No. 5 for organ, first part

Johann Jakob Dorner the Younger, a Bavarian landscape painter, the son of Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder, was born at Munich in 1775. He was instructed in art by his father and by Mannlich, but he afterwards studied the works of Claude Lorrain and Karel Du Jardin. He travelled by himself through the picturesque regions of Bavaria, Switzerland, and France. His works are distinguished for spirited composition and taste in their execution.

Johann Karl Philipp, Graf von Cobenzl (21 July 1712 in Laibach (now Ljubljana) – 27 January 1770 in Brussels) was an 18th-century politician in the Habsburg Monarchy. He was minister plenipotentiary of the Austrian Netherlands in Brussels under Empress Maria Theresia from 1753 until his death in 1770.

Johann Joseph Radetzky

France

Johann Jakob Froberger (baptized 19 May 1616 – 7 May 1667) was a German Baroque composer, keyboard virtuoso, and organist. Among the most famous composers of the era, he was influential in developing the musical form of the suite of dances in his keyboard works. His harpsichord pieces are highly idiomatic and programmatic.Only two of Froberger's many compositions were published during his lifetime. Froberger forbade publication of his manuscripts, restricting access to his noble patrons and friends, particularly the Württembergs and Habsburgs who had the power to enforce these restrictions. After his death the manuscripts went to his patroness Sibylla, Duchess of Württtemberg (1620–1707) and the music library of the Württemberg family estate.

Johann Jakob von Kaup

Johann Jakob Scheuchzer (August 2, 1672 – June 23, 1733) was a Swiss scholar born at Zürich.

Johann Jakob Romer

Johann Joseph von Gorres

Johann Joachim Faber

Czech-German

Scheuchzer, Johann Jakob

Johann Jakob Dorner

Performed on a clavichord by Joan Benson

Johann Karl, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin (German: Johann Karl Ritter Graf Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin; 29 October 1704 – 8 November 1787) was a Bohemian-Austrian chancellor.

Johann Jakob von Bethmann

Johann Karl Kappeler

Johann Karl Eggers

Johann Karl Ludwig Gieseler, KH (March 3, 1792 – July 8, 1854) was a Protestant German church historian.

Johann Joachim Winckelmann (9 December 1717 – 8 June 1768) was a German art historian and archaeologist. He was a pioneering Hellenist who first articulated the difference between Greek, Greco-Roman and Roman art. "The prophet and founding hero of modern archaeology", Winckelmann was one of the founders of scientific archaeology and first applied the categories of style on a large, systematic basis to the history of art. Many consider him the father of the discipline of art history.

Self-portrait

Johann Jakob Froberger (baptized 19 May 1616 – 7 May 1667) was a German Baroque composer, keyboard virtuoso, and organist. Among the most famous composers of the era, he was influential in developing the musical form of the suite of dances in his keyboard works. His harpsichord pieces are highly idiomatic and programmatic.Only two of Froberger's many compositions were published during his lifetime.

Johann Joseph Fux (German: [ˈfʊks]; c. 1660 – 13 February 1741) was an Austrian composer, music theorist and pedagogue of the late Baroque era. He is most famous as the author of Gradus ad Parnassum, a treatise on counterpoint, which has become the single most influential book on the Palestrinian style of Renaissance polyphony. Almost all modern courses on Renaissance counterpoint, a mainstay of college music curricula, are indebted in some degree to this work by Fux.

Johann Karl Friedrich Zollner

Johann Jakob Rüttimann

Johann Joachim Winkelmann

Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder, who was born at Ehrenstetten, near Freiburg in Breisgau, in 1741, was at first a pupil of Rösch at Freiburg and of Ignaz Bauer at Augsburg. He afterwards visited Italy, the Netherlands, and Paris; and excelled as a painter of historical and genre subjects. He was a professor and director of the Gallery at Munich in 1770, and died in that city in 1813. In the Darmstadt Gallery is a picture of 'Two Soldiers and a Maiden' by him; and in the Pinakothek at Munich, a 'Linen Draper,' which is a portrait of his wife, dated 1775.

Johann Jakob Grynaeus

Johann Joseph Christian (12 February 1706 – 22 June 1777) was a German Baroque sculptor and woodcarver. His masterworks are considered to be the choir stalls in Zwiefalten Abbey and Ottobeuren Abbey.Christian was born in Riedlingen, in Further Austria (present-day Baden-Württemberg). His rare double gift as a woodworker and stucco sculptor was equalled only by Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer. In 1744 Christian received a commission to work in Zwiefalten Abbey, where until 1755 he created the choir stalls and numerous stucco figures for the high altar and nave and side chapels, working alongside the painter Franz Joseph Spiegler and the stucco master Johann Michael Feuchtmayer and under the direction of the architect Johann Michael Fischer.Subsequently, Christian was commissioned to work on the abbatial church of the Holy Trinity in Ottobeuren Abbey, for which the architect was once again Fischer and for which Christian created the choir stalls, with gilded reliefs, and the organ reliefs. Once again he worked with Spiegler and J. M. Feuchtmayer.Besides these two major works, he also worked on various smaller projects, including the parish church in Unlingen and the abbey church in Buchau.Christian and his wife had 10 children, of whom five survived infancy. His son Karl Anton Christian (1731–1810) became abbot of St. Trudpert's Abbey near Münstertal in the Black Forest, and for this church J. J. Christian created a relief painting using a stucco technique for the high altar that is considered unparalleled. Christian died in Riedlingen. Another son, Franz Joseph Christian (1739–1798), became a sculptor and took over his father's workshop in Riedlingen.

Johann Karl Rodbertus

Johann Joseph Ignaz Prentner

Johann Jakob Roemer

Johann Jakob Merlo

Johann Joseph Gorres

Johann Joseph Rodolphe

Johann Johannsson

Johann Jakob Weilenmann (24 January 1819, St. Gallen - 8 June 1896, St. Gallen) was a Swiss mountaineer and Alpine writer.Weilenmann accomplished many first ascents in the Alps, amongst which are:1859 - Muttler in the Samnaun Alps1861 - Fluchthorn in the Silvretta, with Franz Pöll, a guide from Galtür1862 - Ramolkogel and Weißer Kogel in the Ötztal Alps1863 - Helsenhorn in the Lepontine Alps1865 - Piz Buin in the Silvretta with Joseph Anton Specht and the guides Franz Pöll and Jakob Pfitschner1865 - Crast' Agüzza in the Bernina Range with Specht, Pöll and Pfitschner1865 - Mont Blanc de Cheilon in the Pennine Alps with Justin Felley

Portraits

Johann Jakob Heckel

Walter Troxler

Johann Karl August Müller

Johann Jakob Dorner the Younger

Johann Joachim Eschenburg (7 December 1743 – 29 February 1820) was a German critic and literary historian.He was born and educated at Hamburg, going on to study at the University of Leipzig and University of Göttingen. In 1767 he was appointed tutor, and subsequently professor, at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig (today TU Braunschweig). The title of Hofrat was conferred on him in 1786, and in 1814 he was made one of the directors of the Carolinum.He is best known for his efforts to popularize English literature in Germany. He published a series of German translations of the principal English writers on aesthetics, such as Charles Burney, Joseph Priestley and Richard Hurd; and also produced the first complete translation in German prose of Shakespeare's plays (William Shakespear's Schauspiele, 13 vols., Zürich, 1775–1782). This is virtually a revised edition of the incomplete translation published by Christoph Martin Wieland between 1762 and 1766.Besides editing, with memoirs, the works of Friedrich von Hagedorn, Zachariä and other German poets, he was the author of a Handbuch der klassischen Literatur (1783); Entwurf einer Theorie und Literatur der schönen Wissenschaften (1783); Beispielsammiung zur Theorie und Literatur der schönen Wissenschaften (8 vols, 1788–1795); Lehrbuch der Wissenschaftskunde (1792); and Denkmäler altdeutscher Dichtkunst (1799). Most of these passed through several editions.Eschenburg was also a poet, and some of his hymns, e.g. Ich will dich noch im Tod erheben and Dir trau ich, Gott, und wanke nicht, remain well-known.

Johann Jakob Kneucker (12 February 1840 – 25 December 1909) was a German theologian born in the village of Wenkheim, today part of Werbach, Baden-Württemberg.In 1873 he received his habilitation at the University of Heidelberg, where in 1877 he became an associate professor to the theological faculty.

Johann Joachim Eschenburg (7 December 1743 – 29 February 1820) was a German critic and literary historian.He was born and educated at Hamburg, going on to study at the University of Leipzig and University of Göttingen. In 1767 he was appointed tutor, and subsequently professor, at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig (today TU Braunschweig).

Putschirn, Austrian Empire

Contribution to the rise of the neoclassical movement

Johann Jakob Hess

Johann Karl Gottfried Lowe

Switzerland

Johann Karl Ritter

Johann Karl Burckhardt (30 April 1773 – 22 June 1825) was a German-born astronomer and mathematician who later became a naturalized French citizen. (He later became known as Jean Charles Burckhardt -- as in the engraved portrait shown here). He is remembered in particular for his work in fundamental astronomy, and for his lunar theory, which was in widespread use for the construction of navigational ephemerides of the Moon for much of the first half of the nineteenth century.

Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (19 November 1775 – 10 May 1813) was a German entomologist and zoologist.Illiger was the son of a merchant in Braunschweig. He studied under the entomologist Johann Hellwig, and later worked on the zoological collections of Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg. Illiger was professor and director of the zoological museum in Berlin from its formation in 1810 until his death.He was the author of "Prodromus systematis mammalium et avium" (1811), which was an overhaul of the Linnaean system. It was a major influence on the adoption of the concept of the "family". He also edited the "Magazin für Insektenkunde", widely known as "Illiger's Magazine".In 1811 he introduced the taxonomic order Proboscidea for elephants, the American mastodon and the wooly mammoth. He also described the subspecies Odobenus rosmarus divergens, commonly known as the Pacific walrus. Illiger's macaw (Promolius maracana; Vieillot, 1816) and Illiger's saddle-back tamarin (Saguinus fuscicollis illigeri; Pucheran, 1845) commemorate his name. The botanical genus Illigera (family Hernandiaceae) also bears his name.

Johann Johannson

Johann Joseph Peyritsch (October 20, 1835 – March 14, 1889) was an Austrian physician and botanist born in Völkermarkt.In 1864 he earned his medical doctorate from Vienna, and from 1866 to 1871 was associated with Vienna General Hospital.

Johann Joseph von Goerres

Johann Joachim Spalding (1 November 1714 – 25 May 1804) was a German Protestant theologian and philosopher of Scottish ancestry who was a native of Tribsees, Swedish Pomerania. He was the father of Georg Ludwig Spalding (1762–1811), a professor at Grauen Kloster in Berlin.He grew up as a son of the parish priest in Tribsees and studied himself philosophy and theology at the Universities of Rostock and Greifswald, afterwards working as an auxiliary preacher in his hometown of Tribsees. In 1755 he became a pastor in Lassan, then two years later served as a minister in the town of Barth.In 1764 he received the titles of provost and Oberkonsistorialrat, and gained recognition for his sermons at St. Nicolai-Kirche and at Marienkirche in Berlin. He was a highly influential minister who had as friends, renowned personalities that included Ewald Christian von Kleist and Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim. As a protest against the Wöllnersche Religionsedikt (Wöllner Edict of 9 July 1788), he resigned from his official duties.Spalding was an important figure of the German Enlightenment. In 1748 he released Betrachtungen über die Bestimmung des Menschen (Reflections on the Destination of Man), a publication that is considered to be a manifesto of German Enlightenment theology. In this work he rejected dogmatic authoritarianism and confessional orthodoxy, while promoting a common sense philosophy that explained an individual's path from sensuality to spirituality ultimately leading to immortality.In his writings he was strongly opposed to Julien Offroy de La Mettrie's philosophy of French materialism. His autobiography, Lebensbeschreibung, von ihm selbst aufgesetzt, was published by his son in 1804. Other noted works by Spalding include:Über die Nutzbarkeit des Predigtamtes und deren Beförderung, 1772.Gedanken über den Werth der Gefühle in dem Christenthum, 1789 – Thoughts concerning the value of feelings in Christianity.Vertraute Briefe, die Religion betreffend : (1784; 1785; 1788) – Familiar writings involving religion.Religion, eine Angelegenheit des Menschen, 1798 – Religion, A matter for mankind.

Countess Anna Maria Kottulinsky of Kottulin and Krzizkowitz

Johann Joseph Fux

Johann Joseph Griesbach

Johann Jakob Hottinger

German naturalist

Johann Jakob Fried (21 April 1689, Strasbourg – 3 September 1769, Strasbourg) was a German obstetrician. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of German midwifery". His son, Georg Albrecht Fried (1736-1773), was also a noted obstetrician.In 1710 he obtained his doctorate from the University of Strasbourg with a disseration thesis titled ""De cordis palpitatione". From 1728 onward, he was director of the Prätor Franz Josef von Klinglin municipal midwifery school in Strasbourg, a popular school that attracted students from throughout Europe. He was considered an excellent teacher, and he played a major role during the advent of scientific obstetrics in Germany. Among his better known pupils was future Göttingen professor, Johann Georg Roederer.

Johann Joachim Bode

Johann Joachim Becher

Johann Joachim Schwabe

Johann Julius Walbaum (30 June 1724, Wolfenbüttel – 21 August 1799) was a physician, naturalist and taxonomist. He was the first to describe many previously unknown species from remote parts of the globe, such as the Great Barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda), the Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Kamchatka River in Siberia, and the curimatá-pacú (Prochilodus marggravii) from the São Francisco River in Brazil.

Johann Karl

Barbara Stumpf / Winckelmann

Johann Josef Keel

Johann Joseph von Prechtl (16 November 1778, Bischofsheim, Grand-Dukal Würzburg/(today's) Lower Franconia – 28 October 1854, Wieden No. 54 (today's Paniglgasse, 4th district of Vienna)) was a German-born Austrian (since 1802) technologist and educator. He is regarded as a pioneer of technical education in Austria.From 1796 he studied philosophy, theology and legal science in Würzburg, later working as a private instructor outside of Brünn, and afterwards as a teacher of natural sciences, chemistry and physics at a secondary school in Vienna (1810–14). In 1815 he became founder and first director of the Vienna Polytechnic Institute.With Johann Arzberger (1778–1835), he conducted research of public gas illumination, being credited with introducing a coal gas generating plant at the institute. Reportedly, in 1818, there were 25 operational public gas lanterns in Vienna. In 1823 he developed a portable baroscope.

Johann Jakob Reiske

Farmer with cows at a river bank

Claus Bernet

Johann Jakob Moser (18 January 1701 – 30 September 1785) was a German jurist, publicist and researcher, whose work earned him the title "The Father of German Constitutional Law" and whose political commitment to the principles of Liberalism caused him to lose academic positions and spend years as a political prisoner.

Johann Karl Ludwig Gieseler

Auerbach, Karl

Johann Joseph Keel

Johann Josef Cajetan von Klenau und Janowitz

Johann Karl Christian Fischer

Johann Jakob Zimmermann

Johann Joseph Hoffmann

Johann Jakob Kneucker (12 February 1840 – 25 December 1909) was a German theologian born in the village of Wenkheim, today part of Werbach, Baden-Württemberg.In 1873 he received his habilitation at the University of Heidelberg, where in 1877 he became an associate professor to the theological faculty. He specialized in the fields of Old Testament exegesis and Semitic languages.His best known written work was an edition of the Book of Baruch, titled "Das Buch Baruch, Geschichte und Kritik" (The Book of Baruch, History and Critique, 1879). Another significant publication of his was "Die Anfänge des Römischen christenthums" (Beginnings of Roman Christendom, 1881).

Johann Joseph Ignaz Brendner

Johann Jebsen

Johann Joseph Talherr

Johann Justin Preisler

Johann Jonatan Björling

Dorner, Johann Jakob

Austrian

Johann Joseph Peyritsch (October 20, 1835 – March 14, 1889) was an Austrian physician and botanist born in Völkermarkt.In 1864 he earned his medical doctorate from Vienna, and from 1866 to 1871 was associated with Vienna General Hospital. He later served as custos at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, and in 1878, succeeded Anton Kerner von Marilaun as professor of botany at the University of Innsbruck, a position he maintained until his death in 1889.He was editor of Heinrich Wilhelm Schott's celebrated monograph on aroids, Aroideae Maximilianae, and with Theodor Kotschy (1813–1866), was co-author of Plantae Tinneanae, a book describing flora collected on the Tinné expedition to Sudan.As a taxonomist, he described numerous plants from the botanical families Celastraceae and Erythroxylaceae. In the field of mycology, he held a special interest in the fungal order Laboulbeniales. The plant genus Peyritschia from the family Poaceae was named in his honor by Eugène Pierre Nicolas Fournier in 1881.

Baehr, Johann Karl

Dorner, Johann Jakob, the elder

Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz

Free imperial cityof Bremen

Johann Jakob Wettstein

Johann Jakob Griesbach (4 January 1745 – 24 March 1812), German biblical textual critic, was born at Butzbach, a small town in the state of Hesse-Darmstadt, where his father, Konrad Kaspar (1705–1777), was pastor. Griesbach's fame rests upon his work in New Testament criticism, in which he inaugurated a new epoch. His solution to the synoptic problem bears his name, but the Griesbach hypothesis has been modernly referred to as the Two-Gospel hypothesis.

Antistes of Basel

April 2017

Johann Joachim Eschenburg

Johann Jakob Zeiller

Wetstein, Johann Jakob

Scheffmacher, Johann Jakob

Johann K. Petursson

Johann Justin Preissler

Johann Jakob Quandt (Lithuanian: Jonas Jokūbas Kvantas; 27 March 1686 in Königsberg – 17 January 1772 in Königsberg) was a German orthodox Lutheran theologian, professor of theology in Königsberg. He opposed Pietism, but sympathized with Wolffianism. He is known for sponsoring the first complete translation of the Bible into Lithuanian, the Quandt Bible of 1735. He was also a librarian of the Königsberg Public Library (first librarian, 1714–18).He was considered an excellent preacher, Frederick the Great called him the best preacher he knew. In 1743 he published a hymnal in response to Georg Friedrich Rogall's pietist hymnal.

Johann Jakob Pistor

Johann Jakob Wunsch

Johann Joseph Ignaz von Dollinger

Johann Karl Baehr

Johann Jakob Huber

Johann Joseph Peyritsch

Johann Julius Walbaum (30 June 1724, Wolfenbüttel – 21 August 1799) was a physician, naturalist and taxonomist. He was the first to describe many previously unknown species from remote parts of the globe, such as the Great Barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda), the Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Kamchatka River in Siberia, and the curimatá-pacú (Prochilodus marggravii) from the São Francisco River in Brazil. He was also the first to observe gloves as a preventative against infection in medical surgery. In 1758, the gloves he observed were made from the cecum of the sheep, rather than rubber, which had not yet been discovered.The Naturhistorische Museum in Lübeck, opened in 1893, was based on Walbaum’s extensive scientific collection, which was lost during the Second World War.

Johann Julius Hecker (December 2, 1707 – June 24, 1768) was a German educator who established the first Realschule (practical high school) and Prussia's first teacher-education institution.Hecker was born to a family of educators in Werden, then part of Prussia. As a young man, he formed an interest in theology and was drawn to pietism and the ideas of August Hermann Francke. After completing the gymnasium in Essen, he studied theology, ancient languages, medicine, and natural sciences at the University of Halle. In 1729 he became a teacher in the Francke Pädagogium, teaching every subject, including Latin, Greek, Hebrew, German, religion, history, arithmetic, botany, anatomy, physiology, and chemistry.In 1735, Prussian king Frederick William I appointed Hecker to the position of pastor and school inspector for the Militärwaisenhaus in Potsdam, a home and school for the children and orphans of military personnel. A sermon that Hecker delivered in 1738 so impressed Frederick William that he appointed Hecker to be the first pastor of the new Trinity Church in Berlin, which was consecrated in 1739.In his role as pastor of Trinity Church, Hecker started six four-class elementary schools for education of the local populace. The schools were initially financed from Hecker's personal funds, a school lottery, and private donations.In 1747 he founded the first Realschule, the "Economic-mathematical Realschule" in Berlin, in which young people who were not suited for a traditional classical education could obtain a practical education to prepare them for careers in fields such as business, manufacturing, and the fine arts. The school emphasized visual and hands-on instruction, including visits to factories and artisans' workshops, instead of rote learning. In 1748, Hecker established a seminary for the training of teachers, the first such institution in Prussia.Frederick William's son Frederick II (known as Frederick the Great), who became king of Prussia in 1740, was a proponent of Hecker's work. With the king's encouragement, Hecker started a garden near his school. In addition to vegetables, herbs, and fruit trees, the garden included a mulberry plantation for the purpose of silk production.Hecker's educational work was a major influence on the formulation of Prussia's first general school law, issued by Frederick II in 1763, which formed the basis for a system of state-supported primary schools.

Johann Jakob Wick

Johann Jakob Engel

Johann Josef I of Liechtenstein

Johann Joachim Kandler

Johann Jakob Walther (1650 – 2 November 1717) was a German violinist and composer.

Johann Jakob Schmauss

Johann Justi

Johann Joseph Gassner (22 August 1727 in Braz, near Bludenz, Vorarlberg – 1779 Pondorf, now part of Winklarn, Bavaria) was a noted exorcist.While a Catholic priest at Klösterle he gained a wide celebrity by professing to "cast out devils" and to work cures on the sick by means simply of prayer; he was attacked as an impostor, but the bishop of Regensburg, who believed in his honesty, bestowed upon him the cure of Pondorf.Gassner's methods have been linked to a special form of hypnotic training.

Johann Joachim Bellermann

Johann Jakob Wepfer (December 23, 1620 – January 26, 1695) was a Swiss pathologist and pharmacologist who was a native of Schaffhausen.He studied medicine in Strasbourg, Basel and Padua, and in 1647 returned to Schaffhausen to practice medicine. Here he maintained a practice that extended into southern Germany.

Johann Karl Ernst Dieffenbach

Johann Karl (later Jean Charles) Burckhardt

Johann Jakob Wetstein

Johann Karl Enslen

Johann Jakob Muller

Johann Karl Thilo

Eschenburg, Johann Joachim

Johann Karl Ludwig Martin

Johann Jonatan Bjorling

Johann Joachim Winckelmann (9 December 1717 – 8 June 1768) was a German art historian and archaeologist. He was a pioneering Hellenist who first articulated the difference between Greek, Greco-Roman and Roman art. "The prophet and founding hero of modern archaeology", Winckelmann was one of the founders of scientific archaeology and first applied the categories of style on a large, systematic basis to the history of art. Many consider him the father of the discipline of art history. His would be the decisive influence on the rise of the neoclassical movement during the late 18th century. His writings influenced not only a new science of archaeology and art history but Western painting, sculpture, literature and even philosophy. Winckelmann's History of Ancient Art (1764) was one of the first books written in German to become a classic of European literature. His subsequent influence on Lessing, Herder, Goethe, Hölderlin, Heine, Nietzsche, George, and Spengler has been provocatively called "the Tyranny of Greece over Germany."Today, Humboldt University of Berlin's Winckelmann Institute is dedicated to the study of classical archaeology.Winckelmann was homosexual, and open homoeroticism informed his writings on aesthetics. This was recognized by his contemporaries, such as Goethe.

InternetArchiveBot

Fantasia No. 2 from Libro Secondo (1649), on the Pange Lingua theme, E minor, FbWV 202

Schaffhausen

architect

Johann Joseph Nouseul (1742 – 9 December 1821) was an actor, singer, and theater manager of the 18th and early 19th centuries. He is remembered for having premiered the role of Monostatos in Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera The Magic Flute.

Johann Jakob Wirz (1778 in Basel – 1858) was a Swiss silkweaver who became known a Theosophist prophet and started a group called the Nazarenes, or in German Nazarener.

Johann Joseph Vilsmayr (1663 – 11 July 1722) was an Austrian violinist and composer. From 1 September 1689 he worked at Salzburg's Hofkapelle, where he almost certainly became a pupil of Heinrich Ignaz Biber, one of the best contemporary European violinists. Judging from the regular increases of his salary, Vilsmayr must have quickly attained a good reputation at the court.

Johann Karl Thilo (Langensalza, near Erfurt, 28 November 1794 — Halle 17 May 1853) was a German theologian and biblical scholar.He studied theology at the University of Leipzig and a final semester at the University of Halle, where he was appointed to teach at the preparatory Paedagogium of the Francke institutions, and assisted his father-in-law, Georg Christian Knapp, director of the theological seminary. In 1820 he travelled to Paris, London and Oxford with his colleague Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Gesenius for the examination of rare Eastern manuscripts. At Halle he was privat-docent from 1819, appointed professor of theology (1822, full professor, 1825) and in 1853 a consistorial councillor of the Evangelical State Church in Prussia.He lectured on the history of dogma, church history, patristics, and after Knapp's death, on the New Testament. He is remembered for his planned series of editions of apocrypha, Codex Apocryphus Novi Testamenti of which the first volume appeared in 1832, which set a new standard in textual criticism in this field. His editions appeared of Acts of Thomas (1823), Acts of Peter and Paul (1838), Acta Andreae et Matthiae apud Anthropophagos (1846), Acts of John by "Leucius Charinus" (1847).He also edited a second edition of Knapp's Vorlesungen über die christlichen Glaubenslehre.He was completely deaf in his left ear, but disguised this fact by always positioning himself to the left of people he was talking to, ensuring the his right ear was closest to them and he could hear them perfectly.Thilo managed to stay apart from the theological disagreements that divided Halle, remaining on cordial terms with members of both parties.

Johann Jakob Walther

JJ Froberger -- Canzon.mid

Johann Karl Ehrenfried Kegel

Johann Joseph Würth

Johann Karl August Musaeus

Johann Justus Kahle (11 February 1668, in Helmstedt – c. 1731, in Clausthal-Zellerfeld) was a German organist and composer.

yes

Johann Joachim Kändler

Johann Jakob Stähelin

May 1635

Johann Jakob Wirz (1778 in Basel – 1858) was a Swiss silkweaver who became known a Theosophist prophet and started a group called the Nazarenes, or in German Nazarener. His divine inspiration began around the end of 1823, and he soon gathered a small group, called the Nazarenes around him.His works were published after his death as Jacob Wirz, Ein Zeugnis der Nazarener-Gemeinde von der Entwickelung des Reiches Gottes auf Erden (Barmen, 1862), this was followed by Briefe, letters in three volumes, (Barmen, 1863/1873)It is not clear if this group has direct connection to Samuel Heinrich Fröhlich (1803–1857) who was one of the founders of the German Nazarener movement which survives today only as the Nazarene Church in Romania with around 1000 members. One theory has it that when the nineteen-year-old blacksmith Lajos Hencsey (1814-1844) came to Switzerland he met the disciples of Wirz and adopted their name instead of other numerous names circulating for Frohlich's followers.

Johann Jakob Frey the Elder (17 February 1681 – 11 January 1752) was a Swiss engraver.Frey was born at Lucerne. After learning the principles of design he went, when he was twenty-two years of age, to Rome, where he received some instruction from Arnold van Westerhout, and had afterwards the advantage of studying in the school of Carlo Maratti, at the same time with Robert van Auden-Aerd. His progress was rapid, and he was soon regarded as one of the ablest artists at Rome.

Portrait by Raphael Mengs, after 1755

Johann Jakob Schalch (23 January 1723 – 21 August 1789) was a Swiss painter. He was a contemporary of the Swiss painters Anton Graff, Jean Preudhomme, Angelica Kauffman, Jakob Emanuel Handmann, Johann Caspar Füssli. His son Johann Heinrich Füssli was also a noted painter.

Vatke, Johann Karl Wilhelm

Johann Jakob Wepfer (December 23, 1620 – January 26, 1695) was a Swiss pathologist and pharmacologist who was a native of Schaffhausen.He studied medicine in Strasbourg, Basel and Padua, and in 1647 returned to Schaffhausen to practice medicine. Here he maintained a practice that extended into southern Germany. During his career he also served as a private physician and consultant to various members of royalty.Wepfer is remembered for his work involving vascular anatomy of the brain, and the study of cerebrovascular disease. He was the first physician to hypothesize that the effects of a stroke were caused by bleeding in the brain. He also mentioned that these symptoms could be caused by a blockage of one of the main arteries that supply blood to the brain. From postmortem studies, he provided information on the carotid and vertebral arteries that supply the brain with blood. in 1658 he published a classic treatise on strokes, titled Historiae apoplecticorum.Wepfer made important contributions in the fields of experimental pharmacology and toxicology. He conducted experiments on the toxicity of water hemlock, hellebore, monkshood, and warned against the usage of arsenic, antimony, and mercury in medicine. In the fields of pharmacology/toxicology he published an influential work on water and poison hemlock called Cicutae aquaticae historia et noxae (1679).Since 2005 an annual award for stroke research, named after Wepfer, is awarded at the European stroke conference.,

Frey, Johannes

Johann Jakob Stehlin

Johann Josef I, Prince of Liechtenstein

Johann Joseph Nouseul

Johann Josua Mosengel

Schaffhausen, Switzerland

Johann Jesaias Silberschlag

Johann Jakob Herzog

Johann Jakob Ruettimann