Open-source computing hardware are computer systems or elements with open design—designed as open-source hardware, using open-source principles.

Open-source films (also known as open-content films and free-content films) are films which are produced and distributed by using free and open-source software methodologies. Their sources are freely available and the licenses used meet the demands of the Open Source Initiative (OSI) in terms of freedom.

OpenBGPD is a server software program that allows general purpose computers to be used as routers. It is a Unix system daemon that provides a free, open-source implementation of the Border Gateway Protocol version 4. This allows a machine to exchange routes with other systems that speak BGP.OpenBGPD is developed by Henning Brauer and Claudio Jeker as part of the OpenBSD project.

The open-source model is a decentralized development model that encourages open collaboration. A main principle of open-source software development is peer production, with products such as source code, blueprints, and documentation freely available to the public. The open-source movement in software began as a response to the limitations of proprietary code. The model is used for projects such as in open-source appropriate technologies, and open-source drug discovery.Open source promotes universal access via an open-source or free license to a product's design or blueprint, and universal redistribution of that design or blueprint. Before the phrase open source became widely adopted, developers and producers used a variety of other terms. Open source gained hold with the rise of the Internet. The open-source software movement arose to clarify copyright, licensing, domain, and consumer issues.Generally, open source refers to a computer program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design. Open-source code is meant to be a collaborative effort, where programmers improve upon the source code and share the changes within the community. Code will be released under a the terms of a software license. Depending on the license terms, others may then download, modify, and publish their version (fork) back to the community.Many large formal institutions have sprung up to support the development of the open-source movement, including the Apache Software Foundation, which supports community projects such as the open-source framework Apache Hadoop and the open-source HTTP server Apache HTTP.

Open2.net was a website run by the The Open University for about ten years, in support of collaborations with the BBC and described as an "online learning portal". The site contained a listings guide for TV and radio programmes that aired across the BBC broadcast network, articles by OU academics, interactive learning modules, and forums and discussions covering the issues and topics mentioned in the programmes.The site had five main sub-sections: Health & Education; History & The Arts; Money & Management; Science, Technology & Nature; and Society.Notable programmes aired over its later years include: Child of Our Time, Rough Science, Coast, British Isles – A Natural History and Stardate.In July 2011 the closure of Open2.net was announced, with content transferred to the OpenLearn website. Open2.net formally closed on Wednesday 7 December 2011.

The open-source software movement is a movement that supports the use of open-source licenses for some or all software, a part of the broader notion of open collaboration. The open-source movement was started to spread the concept/idea of open-source software. Programmers who support the open-source movement philosophy contribute to the open-source community by voluntarily writing and exchanging programming code for software development.

The first project in open source in Kosovo has been the adjustment of Open Office Packet in December 2003. On 28 July 2004 the Albanian team, users of Linux (GGSL), was one of the first public organizations for the purpose of getting information about the field of open source. This conference was called "Software Freedom Day". Software Freedom Day is known as the first initiative about FOSS in Kosovo in the level of conference. The purpose of that conference was to promote the free and open software. Some of the issues that were discussed were about Linux, what is free software and open sources in general. Another issue that was discussed in that conference was about the operative system Linux and its benefits. KDE and GNOME were the last issues that were discussed in conference. Ati-Kos has made some surveys in five municipal assemblies of Kosovo in May 2005. According to this survey about 98.6% wanted software box in mother tongue, in Albanian. In another survey, the majority of the participants believed that a software box like Open Office would help in increasing the productivity in different fields because of the interface in Albanian.

pictooltip

Open-circuit voltage (abbreviated as OCV or VOC ) is the difference of electrical potential between two terminals of a device when disconnected from any circuit. There is no external load connected. No external electric current flows between the terminals. It is sometimes given the symbol Voc. In network analysis this voltage is also known as the Thévenin voltage.The open-circuit voltages of batteries and solar cells are often quoted under particular conditions (state-of-charge, illumination, temperature, etc.).Open Circuit Potential is important since the metal with the low open potential will dissolve faster in the electrolyte than the metal with high open circuit potential.The potential difference mentioned in the batteries and cells is usually the open circuit voltage. Open circuit voltage is known as the emf , which is the maximum potential difference when there is no current and the circuit is not closed.To calculate open circuit voltage one can use a method similar to the one below:Consider the circuit:If we want to find the open circuit voltage across 5Ω resistor. First disconnect it from the circuit:Find the equivalent resistance in loop 1 and hence find the current in the loop. Use Ohm’s Law to find the Potential drop across the resistance C. The resistor B does not affect the open circuit voltage. Since no current is flowing through it, there is no potential drop across it. So we can easily ignore it.Therefore, the potential drop across the resistance C is VL.This is just an example. Many other ways can be used.

The open-source software movement is a movement that supports the use of open-source licenses for some or all software, a part of the broader notion of open collaboration. The open-source movement was started to spread the concept/idea of open-source software. Programmers who support the open-source movement philosophy contribute to the open-source community by voluntarily writing and exchanging programming code for software development. The term "open source" requires that no one can discriminate against a group in not sharing the edited code or hinder others from editing their already-edited work. This approach to software development allows anyone to obtain and modify open-source code. These modifications are distributed back to the developers within the open-source community of people who are working with the software. In this way, the identities of all individuals participating in code modification are disclosed and the transformation of the code is documented over time. This method makes it difficult to establish ownership of a particular bit of code but is in keeping with the open-source movement philosophy. These goals promote the production of "high quality programs" as well as "working cooperatively with other similarly minded people" to improve open-source technology.

The open-circuit test, or "no-load test", is one of the methods used in electrical engineering to determine the no-load impedance in the excitation branch of a transformer.

Open2.net was a website run by the The Open University for about ten years, in support of collaborations with the BBC and described as an "online learning portal".

OpenBGPD is a server software program that allows general purpose computers to be used as routers. It is a Unix system daemon that provides a free, open-source implementation of the Border Gateway Protocol version 4. This allows a machine to exchange routes with other systems that speak BGP.OpenBGPD is developed by Henning Brauer and Claudio Jeker as part of the OpenBSD project. OpenOSPFD, developed by Esben Nørby, is a companion daemon of OpenBGPD that implements the Open Shortest Path First protocol. The suite was developed as an alternative to packages such as Quagga, a Linux-focused routing suite which is licensed under the GPL and does not meet the project's requirements and quality standards.

Open-hand strikes include various techniques used in the martial arts to attack or defend without curling the hand into a fist. The most famous of these techniques is probably the so-called "karate chop", which is also described as a knife-hand strike (shuto uchi) although there are many other techniques.Some of these are:techniques that use the edge of the hand closest to the little finger or use the opposite edge of the hand: A knife-hand strike may be delivered along an arc somewhere midway been vertical and horizontal, usually with the aim of numbing an attacker's forearm.techniques that use the other edge of the hand are more difficult to execute since care has to be taken to position the thumb so that it will not be injured. Performing this move in a way that is powerful will generally involve striking with the palm facing down. And so doing will mean that, e.g., the person using this strike will attack the left side of his opponent's body with the right knife hand, or vice versa.spear-hand attacks are performed by keeping the extended fingers tightly compressed together and thrusting directly into some target of relatively small diameter, such as the throat. In many types of karate it is referred to as a "nukite".the back of the hand, with the fingers loosely curled, can be used in an upward-arcing strike to the groin.the cupped hands can be used in unison to attack the ears, potentially damaging the opponent's eardrums.the heel of the hand can be used to strike a target without fear of damaging the knuckles. This is referred to in Okinawan styles as a Teisho or Shotei strike.One of the greatest advantages of an open-hand strike is the ability to quickly grab the opponent to perform a follow-up, such as a throw or a pull into another strike. The extra control this affords as compared to a punch is worth the larger risk of damage to the hand or fingers.

Primarily C, Makefile and HTML

The first project in open source in Kosovo has been the adjustment of Open Office Packet in December 2003. On 28 July 2004 the Albanian team, users of Linux (GGSL), was one of the first public organizations for the purpose of getting information about the field of open source. This conference was called "Software Freedom Day". Software Freedom Day is known as the first initiative about FOSS in Kosovo in the level of conference.