The labor theory of property (also called the labor theory of appropriation, labor theory of ownership, labor theory of entitlement, or principle of first appropriation) is a theory of natural law that holds that property originally comes about by the exertion of labor upon natural resources.

Labor induction is artificially stimulating childbirth.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates the labor rights of workers in the American meat packing industry. According to scholars of the American meat packing industry, despite federal regulation through OSHA and industry oversight, workers in meat production plants have little agency and inadequate protections. Workers in the industry perform difficult jobs in dangerous conditions, and are at significant risk for physical and psychological harm. In addition to high rates of injury, workers are at risk of losing their jobs when they are injured or for attempting to organize and bargain collectively. Several of studies of the industry have found immigrant workers - "an increasing percentage of the workforce in the industry" - especially at risk of not having their labor rights sufficiently protected.

Italy does not have a unified labor code. Labor legislation is wide ranging, with a number of laws, regulations and statutes which have an important bearing on labor relations. The Constitution of Italy (articles 35-47) contain some declarations of principle, however, in regards to fair pay, the maximum working hours, annual paid vacation, the protection of women and minors on the job, social insurance for old age, illness, invalidity, industrial diseases and accidents, on Freedom of Association, and the right to strike. It is hard to say what changes would have happened had the Italian constitutional referendum, 2016 succeeded. The Workers' Statute of 1970 has been been recently modified, and this plays an increasingly important role.

Labor and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative

Lab Feravan

Labor and employment law

The Labor Temple Building is a historic structure located at 743 4th Avenue in San Diego's Gaslamp Quarter, in the U.S. state of California. It was built in 1907.

Labor of Love

Labor burden is the actual cost of a company to have an employee, aside from the salary the employee earns. Labor burden costs include benefits that a company must, or chooses to, pay for employees included on their payroll.

Labor aristocracy

Labor spies

Labor notes are an alternative currency based on exchange of hours of labor.Two early attempts at implementing labor notes were made by social reformers Josiah Warren and Robert Owen following their experiences attempting to establish a utopian community at New Harmony, Indiana, in which currency was prohibited:In 1827, Josiah Warren established the Cincinnati Time Store where goods could be purchased with labor notes representing an agreement to perform labor.

Labor and Social Justice - The Electoral Alternative

Labor spy

Labor unions in America

Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century is a book by Harry Braverman on the economics and sociology of work under capitalism. It was first published in 1974 by Monthly Review Press.According to one source, the book sold 120,000 copies between 1974 and its 1999 reissue.

Labor movement

The Ministers of Social Protection of the Third Republic of Armenia: (Armenian: Հայաստանի աշխատանքի և սոցիալական հարցերի նախարարներ)

Labor pain

Lab Eshkan (Persian: لب اشكن‎‎, also Romanized as Labshekan) is a village in Fadagh Rural District, in the Central District of Gerash County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 576, in 98 families.

Labor geography is a sub-discipline of human geography and economic geography that deals with the spatial relationships and geographic trends within labor and political systems.

Labor of Love (Radney Foster album)

Labor notes (currency)

Labeobarbus brevicephalus

A labor market area is a geographic area or region defined for purposes of compiling, reporting, and evaluating employment, unemployment, workforce availability, and related topics. It can be defined as an economically integrated region within which residents can find jobs within a reasonable commuting distance or can change their employment without changing their place of residence.Commuting flows are a primary consideration in defining and delineating labor market areas. The extent to which workers are willing and able to commute between two places indicates the degree of economic integration between those places.

Labor of Love (film)

Labor of Love is the fifth studio album by the American country music artist Sammy Kershaw. It was released in 1997 (see 1997 in country music) on Mercury Records.

Labor feminism

national

The Labor Union of National Taiwan University (refer to LUNTU, Chinese: 國立臺灣大學工會), proposed by full-time research assistants, contract staffs, and school-time workers, was a labor union that organized the workers at the National Taiwan University. And on December 19, 2012, it convened the inaugural meeting at Taipei Taiwan.

Labor share

Labor battalion (Turkey)

Labor unionism

Labor scarcity

Labor code of the philippines

Labor and Socialist International

Labor Zionist

Labor unions in the United Kingdom

Labor organizations

Labor unrest

Labeobarbus brevispinis is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Cameroon in Africa.

The labor force is the actual number of people available for work. The labor force of a country includes both the employed and the unemployed.

village

Labor Unions in Japan

LUNTU

Labor Zionists

Labora Farms was founded as a project with the help of the Northern Ugandan Social Action Fund (NUSAF), a government organization in Uganda with $100 million of funding from the World Bank. The goal of NUSAF is to help local communities in the 18 districts of northern Uganda that have been ravaged by conflict over the last 20 years. This money is given directly to members of the community so they can invest in infrastructure and training for long-term development.Labora Farms is unique in NUSAF as it was the first project started and run entirely by former members of the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), a rebel group responsible for numerous war crimes over the last 23 years in northern Uganda.While all of the members had either gone through the customary cleansing rituals by their communities or were currently going through them, because of its ties to former enemy combatants, Labora Farms received a very negative reception in the international community. Within the local people and government though there was a lot of support.Today Labora Farms is still receiving mixed praise from all sides, though it has had success in helping former LRA members not only make a living wage, but also for helping them reintegrate into their communities. Using historical newspaper articles and first hand interviews, this article looks at the history of Labora Farms since its controversial inception.This article is organized as follows. The first section is a description of the history of the difficult and protracted conflict in northern Uganda and the effects it has had on the people. Section 3 describes the unique way the Acholi people have of accepting former enemy combatants back into their culture. Section 4 discusses the initial phase of implementation of the Labora Farms project along with the local and international reaction to it. Section 5 discusses the redistribution of land within the farm, why this turned out to be successful, and what the local and international communities are saying about Labora Farms today. Section 6 then discusses some of the future challenges of the project.

Lab Girl is a 2016 memoir by American geochemist, geobiologist, and professor Hope Jahren. The memoir was well received.

Labor violence

Labor shortage

Labor of love

Labor intensive

Labeobarbus brevicauda

Labor turnover

Labor attaché

Yes

Labor party of liberia

Labor insurance (Japan)

Labor ward

Lab Eshkan

The Labor Union of National Taiwan University (refer to LUNTU, Chinese: 國立臺灣大學工會), proposed by full-time research assistants, contract staffs, and school-time workers, was a labor union that organized the workers at the National Taiwan University. And on December 19, 2012, it convened the inaugural meeting at Taipei Taiwan. Then, according to the "Trade Union Law" of Taiwan, on April 1, 2013, the Taipei City Government approved the establishment of the LUNTU, as an enterprise union to tertiary institutions.

Labor rights in Chile

Labor and Delivery

A labor court (or labour court or industrial tribunal) is a governmental judiciary body which rules on labor or employment-related matters and disputes. In a number of countries, labor cases are often taken to separate national labor high courts. Other states, such as the United States, possess general non-judiciary labour relations boards which govern union certifications and elections.

Labour Process Theory is a late Marxist theory of the organization of work under capitalism.According to Marx, labour process refers to the process whereby labour is materialized or objectified in use values. Labour is here an interaction between the person who works and the natural world such that elements of the latter are consciously altered in a purposive manner. Hence the elements of labour process are; three-fold: first, the work itself, a purposive productive activity; second the object(s) on which that work is performed; and third, the instruments which facilitate the process of work.The land (and this, economically speaking, includes water) in its original state in which it supplies man with necessaries or means of subsistence ready to hand is available without any effort on his part as the universal material for human labour. All those things which labour merely separates from immediate connection with their environment are object of labour spontaneously provided by nature, such as fish caught and separated from their natural element, namely water, timber felled in virgin forests and ores extracted from their veins. If, on the other hand, the object of labour has, so to speak, been filtered through previous labour, we call it raw material; for example, ore already extracted and ready for washing. All raw material is an object of labour, but not every object of labour is raw material; the object of labour counts as raw material only when it has already undergone some alteration by means of labour.The labour process, as we have just presented it in its simple and abstract element, is purposeful activity aimed at the production of use values. The labour process is sometimes loosely termed "work organisation".That which is produced can either be useful in supporting human existence and so have a use value or it can be traded and attain an exchange value. The latter value, of course, presupposes the former. As a consequence of humans wanting to improve their material condition, a surplus is generated in the labour processes; that is, an enhancement of the value between inputs and outputs. Labour processes exist in all societies, capitalist or socialist, and it is argued that the organisation and control of a labour process is indicative of the type of society within which it exists.Labour Process Theory critiques scientific management as authored by Frederick W Taylor in the early 1900s and uses central concepts developed by Harry Braverman in the 1970s. Recent attempts have been made to use labor process theory to explain workers' bargaining power under contemporary global capitalism. Labour Process Theory has developed into a broader set of interventions and texts linked to critiquing new forms of management strategy of an exploitative nature. In Labor and Monopoly Capital: Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century, Braverman seeks to retrieve and update Marx's critiques of the capitalist labour process through an attack up on bourgeois accounts of work in the industrial society. Although Braverman's primary focus is the degradation of work in the twentieth century, which he associates with the relentless tightening of management control, Labor and Monopoly Capital also contains at least two other loosely related elements: an outline of developments in the wider organization of monopoly capitalist societies, and an examination of changes in their occupational and class structures.Harry Braverman was an industrial worker for most of his life in the United States during the height of Fordist labour management and production techniques in manufacturing. In Labour and Monopoly Capital he examines his own experiences through a Marxist perspective, drawing attention to the very small processes of work that were ignored by Marxists for much of the Twentieth century. His studies coincided with the Autonomist Marxist theory in Italy which paid similar attention to the factory floor.Labour Process Theory looks at how people work, who controls their work, what "skills" they use in work, and how they are paid for work. Braverman posits a very broad thesis: that under capitalism, management steals workers skills, reduces the pleasurable nature of work and the power workers have through controlling skill, while cutting their wages by reducing their wages to those of unskilled workers and increasing the amount of exertion required from workers. Braverman primarily pays attention to the class-in-itself or the working class as the subject of management and capitalist brutality, acknowledging his inability to attend to working class self-emancipation in this context. Others, following in Braverman's footsteps have criticised his "deskilling" thesis as not universal; and, have attended to working class resistance to the imposition of Fordism.A key element of labour process theory is an analysis of the local systems of management and control, and an examination of how these are used to reduce the power of sections of the working class who hold work skills that aren't reproducible by unskilled labour or machine power.

Labor unionists

Labor of Love is a 1998 Lifetime television film starring Marcia Gay Harden and David Marshall Grant. It was directed by Karen Arthur and written by Nina Shengold.

National, public

Labora Farms was founded as a project with the help of the Northern Ugandan Social Action Fund (NUSAF), a government organization in Uganda with $100 million of funding from the World Bank. The goal of NUSAF is to help local communities in the 18 districts of northern Uganda that have been ravaged by conflict over the last 20 years.

Labor Thanksgiving Day

Labor repression

Labeobarbus brevispinis

Labor policy

Labor of Love (disambiguation)

Labor relations and human resources management

English

auto

Labor Theory of Value

Kinrō kansha no hi

Labor rights or workers' rights are a group of legal rights and claimed human rights having to do with labor relations between workers and their employers, usually obtained under labor and employment law. In general, these rights' debates have to do with negotiating workers' pay, benefits, and safe working conditions. One of the most central of these rights is the right to unionize.

Labor force participation

Labor and Worklife Program at Harvard Law School

Labeobarbus

Labor unions in the USA

Labor activism

The labor theory of property (also called the labor theory of appropriation, labor theory of ownership, labor theory of entitlement, or principle of first appropriation) is a theory of natural law that holds that property originally comes about by the exertion of labor upon natural resources. The theory has been used to justify the homestead principle, which holds that one may gain whole permanent ownership of an unowned natural resource by performing an act of original appropriation.In his Second Treatise on Government, the philosopher John Locke asked by what right an individual can claim to own one part of the world, when, according to the Bible, God gave the world to all humanity in common. He answered that persons own themselves and therefore their own labor. When a person works, that labor enters into the object. Thus, the object becomes the property of that person.However, Locke held that one may only appropriate property in this fashion if the Lockean proviso held true, that is, "... there is enough, and as good, left in common for others".

Labor unions in japan

Labor minister

Labor policy in the Philippines

Labor of Love is the second studio album by American country music artist Radney Foster. It was released in 1995 on Arista Records, peaking at #61 on the Billboard Top Country Albums charts and producing three chart singles. It was also his final release for Arista Nashville, although his third album — 1999's See What You Want to See — was issued on Arista Austin.

Labor force in the United States

Labor law

Labor unions in Afghanistan

Labor day classic

brevispinis

Labor sluggers war

Labor spying in the United States has involved people recruited or employed for the purpose of gathering intelligence, committing sabotage, sowing dissent, or engaging in other similar activities, in the context of an employer/labor organization relationship. Spying by companies on union activities has been illegal in the United States since the National Labor Relations Act of 1935.Statistics suggest that, historically, trade unions have been frequent targets of labor spying. Labor spying is most typically used by companies or their agents, and such activity often complements union busting. In at least one case, an employer hired labor spies to spy not only upon strikers, but also upon strikebreakers that he had hired.Sidney Howard observed in 1921 that the labor spy, "often unknown to the very employer who retains him through his agency, is in a position of immense strength. There is no power to hold him to truth-telling." Because the labor spy operates in secret, "all [co-workers] are suspected, and intense bitterness is aroused against employers, the innocent and the guilty alike."Historically, one of the most incriminating indictments of the labor spy business may have been the testimony of Albert Balanow (some sources list the name as Ballin or Blanow) during an investigation of the detective agencies' roles during the Red Scare. Albert Balanow had worked with both the Burns Detective Agency and the Thiel Detective Agency. Balanow testified that the Red Scare was all about shaking down businessmen for protection money. "If there is no conspiracy, you've got to make a conspiracy in order to hold your job."The sudden exposure of labor spies has driven workers "to violence and unreason", including at least one shooting war.

The development of the economy in the West after the war also exerted a great influence on the spread of opportunist and revisionist ideas in the communist parties. True, Western Europe was devastated by the war but its recovery was carried out relatively quickly. The American capital which poured into Europe through the 'Marshall Plan' made it possible to reconstruct the factories, plants, transport and agriculture so that their production extended rapidly. This development opened up many jobs and for a long period, not only absorbed all the free labour force but even created a certain shortage of labour.

This situation, which brought the bourgeoisie great superprofits, allowed it to loosen its purse-strings a little and soften the labour conflicts to some degree. In the social field, in such matters as social insurance, health, education, labour legislation etc., it took some measures for which the working class had fought hard. The obvious improvement of the standard of living of the working people in comparison with that of the time of the war and even before the war, the rapid growth of production, which came as a result of the reconstruction of industry and agriculture and the beginning of the technical and scientific revolution, and the full employment of the work force, opened the way to the flowering among the unformed opportunist element of views about the development of capitalism without class conflicts, about its ability to avoid crises, the elimination of the phenomenon of unemployment etc. That major teaching of Marxism-Leninism, that the periods of peaceful development of capitalism becomes a source for the spread of opportunism, was confirmed once again. The new stratum of the worker aristocracy, which increased considerably during this period, began to exert an ever more negative influence in the ranks of the parties and their leaderships by introducing reformist and opportunist views and ideas.

Under pressure of these circumstances, the programs of these communist parties were reduced more and more to democratic and reformist minimum programs, while the idea of the revolution and socialism became ever more remote. The major strategy of the revolutionary transformation of society gave way to the minor strategy about current problems of the day which was absolutized and became the general political and ideological line.

Labor government

The notion of the Labor army (трудовая армия, трудармия) was introduced in Soviet Russia during the Russian Civil War in 1920. Initially the term was applied to regiments of Red Army transferred from military activity to labor activity, such as logging, coal mining, firewood stocking, etc.

Labor process

Labor theory

Labor de Medina

Labor Policy in the Philippines is specified mainly by the country’s Labor Code of the Philippines and through other labor laws. They cover 38 million Filipinos who belong to the labor force and to some extent, as well as overseas workers. They aim to address Filipino workers’ legal rights and their limitations with regard to the hiring process, working conditions, benefits, policymaking on labor within the company, activities, and relations with employees.The Labor Code and other legislated labor laws are implemented primarily by government agencies, namely, Department of Labor and Employment and Philippine Overseas Employment Agency. Non-government entities, such as the trade unions and employers, also play a role in the country’s labor policy by actively ensuring their proper implementation and on the political level, by lobbying for development or modification of work-related laws.

Labor history or labour history is a sub-discipline of Social History which specialises on the history of the working classes and the labor movement. The central concerns of labor historians include industrial relations and forms of labor protest (strikes, lock-outs), the rise of mass politics (especially the rise of Socialism) and the social and cultural history of the industrial working classes.

Labdia

Chinese Federation of Labor

Labor demand function

Labor party split

Labor law in India

Labor and Human Resources

Labour Union Law

Labor practice

In Chile, workers have the right to form and join unions without prior authorization, and approximately 10% of the total work force is unionized.The law allows unions to conduct their activities without interference, and the government protects this right in practice. While employees in the private sector have the right to strike, the government regulates this right, and there are some restrictions.

Labour unions emerged in Japan in the second half of the Meiji period, after 1890, as the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization. Until 1945, however, the labour movement remained weak, impeded by lack of legal rights, anti-union legislation, management-organized factory councils, and political divisions between “cooperative” and radical unionists.

Labor Theory Of Value

The Labor and Worklife Program (LWP) at Harvard Law School is described as “Harvard University’s forum for research and teaching on the world of work and its implications for society.” The LWP grew out of the Harvard Trade Union Program (HTUP), an executive training program for labor leaders around the world that had been founded in 1942.

Labor party

Labor process theory

Labor of Love is the fifth studio album by the American country music artist Sammy Kershaw. It was released in 1997 (see 1997 in country music) on Mercury Records. It was his third album to achieve RIAA platinum certification and his highest-charting album on the Top Country Albums charts, where it peaked at #5.In order of release, this album's singles were "Love of My Life", "Matches", "Honky Tonk America" and "One Day Left to Live", which respectively reached #2, #22, #31 and #35 on the Hot Country Songs charts. "Little Did I Know" was co-written by Dave Gibson (formerly of the Gibson/Miller Band) and Bill McCorvey, lead vocalist of Pirates of the Mississippi.

Labor unions in Mexico

Labor Union

Labor and Social Affairs Ministers of Armenia

Labor camps

Labor pool

Labor and delivery

Labor groups

Labor dispute

Labor daily

Labor rights or workers' rights are a group of legal rights and claimed human rights having to do with labor relations between workers and their employers, usually obtained under labor and employment law. In general, these rights' debates have to do with negotiating workers' pay, benefits, and safe working conditions. One of the most central of these rights is the right to unionize. Unions take advantage of collective bargaining and industrial action to increase their members' wages and otherwise change their working situation. Labor rights can also take in the form of worker's control and worker's self management in which workers have a democratic voice in decision and policy making. The labor movement initially focused on this "right to unionize", but attention has shifted elsewhere.Critics of the labor rights movement claim that regulation promoted by labor rights activists may limit opportunities for work. In the United States, critics objected to unions establishing closed shops, situations where employers could only hire union members. The Taft–Hartley Act banned the closed shop but allowed the less restrictive union shop. Taft–Hartley also allowed states to pass right-to-work laws, which require an open shop where a worker's employment is not affected by his or her union membership. Labor counters that the open shop leads to a free rider problem.

These are References for Labor unions in the United States.

Labdia bicolorella

Labor slogans

Labor market information

Labor federation competition in the United States

Labor Unions in the United States

Labor broking

Labour Contract Law

Academic

Labor and Public Welfare

A labor market is seen as segmented if it "consists of various sub-groups with little or no crossover capability". Segmentation can result in different groups, for example men and women, receiving different wages. The 19th-century Irish political economist John Elliott Cairnes referred to this phenomenon as that of "noncompeting groups".A similar, almost synonymous concept is that of a dual labour market (DLM). However, as the word "dual" implies, a DLM usually refers to two parallel markets, whilst segmentation in the broadest sense may involve several labor markets.

Labor voucher

Labor intensity is the relative proportion of labor (compared to capital) used in a process. Its inverse is capital intensity.

Labor and materials

Labor dystocia

Country Standard Time

Labor leader

Labor house

Steve Fishell, Radney Foster

Labor in the United States

Labor riots of 1877

Labor contract law in the People's Republic of China

Labor migrants

لب اشكن

Labora Farms

Labor and industrial relations

Labor Ukraine

Labor unionist

Arthropoda
Labdia bicolorella is a moth in the Cosmopterigidae family. It is found on Java.

Labor exchange

Labor of Love (song)

Labour Relations Adjustment Law

Labor army

Labor disputes

Labor in the Philippines

Labor arbitrage

Labor activist

Labor studies

Labor court

Labor costs

Others

Labour Process Theory is a late Marxist theory of the organization of work under capitalism.According to Marx, labour process refers to the process whereby labour is materialized or objectified in use values. Labour is here an interaction between the person who works and the natural world such that elements of the latter are consciously altered in a purposive manner.

Labor federation competition in the U S

Labor protection

Labor insurance (労働保険, roudou hoken) is a term for two systems of government insurance in Japan. Unemployment insurance (雇用保険, koyou hoken) is paired with Workers' accident compensation insurance (労働者災害補償保険, rousai hoken). Unemployment insurance is managed by Hello Work, and worker's accident compensation insurance is managed by the Labor Standards Office.

yes

Labor relations at the Santa Barbara News-Press

Labor unions in Egypt

Labio-palatal consonant

Labor laws

Labor productivity

Labor column

Labor division

Labor and Industrial Relations

Labor service (Hungary)

Labor slugger war

Labor notes are an alternative currency based on exchange of hours of labor.Two early attempts at implementing labor notes were made by social reformers Josiah Warren and Robert Owen following their experiences attempting to establish a utopian community at New Harmony, Indiana, in which currency was prohibited:In 1827, Josiah Warren established the Cincinnati Time Store where goods could be purchased with labor notes representing an agreement to perform labor. He folded the store in 1830 in order to devote his effort to establishing communities that implemented his principles of labor-based prices.Beginning in 1832, Robert Owen and his followers attempted to implement labor notes in London and Glasgow by establishing marketplaces and banks that accepted them. Their efforts failed in 1834.During the Great Depression, European communities implemented local currencies with varying success. More modern implementations as time-based currencies were implemented in the United States starting in the 1970s.

USA

Labor czar

Labor colony

Labor standard

Labor theory of appropriation

Labor and Employment Relations Association

Labor Union (Poland)

Labor migration in China

Labor rights in American meatpacking industry

A labor market area is a geographic area or region defined for purposes of compiling, reporting, and evaluating employment, unemployment, workforce availability, and related topics. It can be defined as an economically integrated region within which residents can find jobs within a reasonable commuting distance or can change their employment without changing their place of residence.Commuting flows are a primary consideration in defining and delineating labor market areas.

لب فراوان

Labor Disputes refer to controversy between an employer and its employees regarding the terms (such as conditions of employment, fringe benefits, hours or work, tenure, wages) to be negotiated during collective bargaining, or the implementation of already agreed upon terms.

Labor feminism is a term used for a movement in the United States that emerged after women gained the right to vote. Labor feminists advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women. They helped pass state laws regulating working conditions for women, expanded women's participation in unions, and organized to oppose the Equal Rights Amendment.

Labor Policy in the Philippines is specified mainly by the country’s Labor Code of the Philippines and through other labor laws. They cover 38 million Filipinos who belong to the labor force and to some extent, as well as overseas workers.

Labor burden is the actual cost of a company to have an employee, aside from the salary the employee earns. Labor burden costs include benefits that a company must, or chooses to, pay for employees included on their payroll. These costs include but are not limited to payroll taxes, pension costs, health insurance, dental insurance, and any other benefits that a company provides an employee.Labor burden cost is important to compute and understand because it includes a variety of significant costs that are often viewed as company overhead, but are in fact, costs related to employment. Many businesses fail because they focus simply on payroll and payroll taxes, and neglect to consider the entire actual cost required to enable an employee to perform the work he or she was hired to do.Fully burdened costs for individual employees can be expressed as a yearly total to provide an estimate of how much the company will spend that year on an employee. It can also be expressed as an hourly cost by dividing the total yearly cost by the number of hours the employee will work. This number is often 50% to 150% higher than the gross hourly wage. As costs are often used as the basis for pricing services or products, this is why it is so critical to obtain an in-depth understanding of the true cost of an employee.

Commemorates labor and production and giving one another thanks; formerly a harvest festival

Labor relations

Woodland Studios, Nashville, TN, Imagine Studios, Champagne, The Castle & Recording Arts Studios

Labor force participation rate

Politics, Religion and Her

Labor organization

Labor and tax laws in Iran

Labor spying in the United States has involved people recruited or employed for the purpose of gathering intelligence, committing sabotage, sowing dissent, or engaging in other similar activities, in the context of an employer/labor organization relationship. Spying by companies on union activities has been illegal in the United States since the National Labor Relations Act of 1935.Statistics suggest that, historically, trade unions have been frequent targets of labor spying.

Lab Girl

Labor Union of National Taiwan University

Labor legislation

Iran

Labor suppressant

Labor induction

L. bicolorella

Labor strike

Labeobarbus brevicauda is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Labeobarbus.

Labor intensity

Labor relations in the People's Republic of China

Labor unions in the united states

Labour force

Enver Hoxha

Labor unions in Ecuador

Labor and Worklife Program

Labor colonies

Labor of Love (2015 film)

Italy does not have a unified labor code. Labor legislation is wide ranging, with a number of laws, regulations and statutes which have an important bearing on labor relations.

Labor Youth League

Japan

Labor managed firm

Labor Unions in the United States of America

Labor relations is the study and practice of managing unionized employment situations. In academia, labour relations is frequently a sub-area within industrial relations, though scholars from many disciplines--including economics, sociology, history, law, and political science--also study labor unions and labor movements. In practice, labor relations is frequently a subarea within human resource management.

Percentage of workforce unionized

Labor federation competition in the U. S.

Labor agitation

In Chile, workers have the right to form and join unions without prior authorization, and approximately 10% of the total work force is unionized.The law allows unions to conduct their activities without interference, and the government protects this right in practice. While employees in the private sector have the right to strike, the government regulates this right, and there are some restrictions. The law prohibits forced or compulsory labor, and there have been no reports that such practices occurred. The law restricts child labor, but it is a problem in the informal economy. There are reports that children are trafficked. The minimum wage is set by law and is subject to adjustment annually. The law sets the legal workweek at six days or 45 hours; the maximum workday length is 10 hours. The law establishes occupational safety and health standards.

Labor brokering

Labio-palatal approximant

Labor unrest is strike action or industrial action undertaken by labor unions, especially where labor disputes become violent. Such a conception of labor action was common in the United States in the 19th century, most prominently among mining interests in the American West, and remained common in the 20th century among totalitarian states, such as the Soviet Union and People's Republic of China.

Labor stimulation

Labor spying in the United States

United States

Labor Unions: International Comparisons

Labor broker

Labor lockout

Labor markets

Labor Unity

Labor battalion

Labor and Agrarian Party (in Spanish: Partido Laborista Agrario, PALA) is a Panamanian right-of-center political party, founded in 1960.The PALA supported the Marco Aurelio Robles administration in 1964-1968. In 1968 it allied with the People's Alliance (ADP) and its candidate David Samudio Ávila.The PALA survived the period of suspension under Omar Torrijos (1969–1979) and re-registered on 2 May 1979. “Azael Vargas (former Minister of Agriculture, Commerce and Industry), who claimed that the Labor and Agrarian Party had been hijacked, split with it to found the Authentic Labor and Agrarian Party. He then joined with industrialist Carlos Eleta Almaran, scion of one of the "20 families', to found the National Renovation Movement (MNR), which in 1982 changed its name to the Conservative Party. An attempt to join forces with the Republican Party (PR) to form the Conservative Republican Party was frustrated by the Electoral Tribunal, and Vargas and Eleta then went on to form PALA. The party mounted an expensive publicity drive and was accused of fraudulently boosting its membership figures”. The Electoral Tribunal registered the PALA with 35000 members. Arnulfo Arias Madrid accuse PALA of fraud in obtaining their membership. “Despite its name, and its use of the spade as its symbol, it is extremely conservative and hostile to organized labour. With backers among Panama's wealthy elite, PALA initially supported the presidential aspirations of National Guard chief Gen. Rubén Darío Paredes in 1984.” The PALA eventually dropped him as a candidate and hacked the National Democratic Union (UNADE) and its candidate Nicolás Ardito Barletta in the 1984 election. PALA became the second most important force within UNADE, but was weakened in 1987 by a power struggle in which Carlos Eleta Almaran was ousted as party president, apparently as part of a move by the defense forces to take greater control over the party. He was succeeded as party leader by Ramon Sieiro Murgas (General Manuel Noriega's brother-in-law). In 1989 it allied with the National Liberation Coalition (COLINA) and its candidate Carlos Duque, PALA was expected to be allocated 1 seat in the post-US invasion legislature in 1989. It joined the United People Alliance (APU) coalition behind official candidate Ernesto Pérez Balladares in the Panamanian general election, 1994.The PALA was abolished by the Electoral Tribunal on 15 September 1994.

Labor management reporting disclosure act

A labor market is seen as segmented if it "consists of various sub-groups with little or no crossover capability". Segmentation can result in different groups, for example men and women, receiving different wages. The 19th-century Irish political economist John Elliott Cairnes referred to this phenomenon as that of "noncompeting groups".A similar, almost synonymous concept is that of a dual labour market (DLM).

L. brevicephalus

Labor aristocracy or labour aristocracy (also aristocracy of labor) has at least four meanings: as a term with Marxist theoretical underpinnings, as a specific type of trade unionism, and as a shorthand description by revolutionary industrial unions (such as the Industrial Workers of the World) for the bureaucracy of craft-based business unionism. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries it was also a phrase used to define better-off members of the working class (as used for example by Jack London in The People of the Abyss).

The Labor and Worklife Program (LWP) at Harvard Law School is described as “Harvard University’s forum for research and teaching on the world of work and its implications for society.” The LWP grew out of the Harvard Trade Union Program (HTUP), an executive training program for labor leaders around the world that had been founded in 1942. Designed to provide a broader platform for research on transformations in the world of work, the Labor and Worklife Program was launched in September 2002 and joined the many research centers housed at Harvard Law School.The LWP was built through the collaborative work of Harvard Law School Professor Paul C. Weiler, Harvard economist Richard B. Freeman, and former U.S. Secretary of Labor John T. Dunlop in cooperation with HTUP and LWP Executive Director Elaine Bernard. Dunlop was one of the founding fathers of the Harvard Trade Union Program and commonly regarded as the leading U.S. figure in the field of Industrial Relations. Thomas A. Kochan, professor at MIT's Sloan School of Management, said that Dunlop "was a central figure in all the national labor policy discussions that took place since World War II."In December 2016, the LWP announced that Sharon Block, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy at the U.S. Department of Labor, would succeed Elaine Bernard as Executive Director of the LWP in early 2017. The LWP features several programs and initiatives:The Harvard Trade Union Program trains labor leaders from the United States and several nations around the world;The Pensions and Capital Stewardship Project focuses on retirement security and corporate governance issues;The Science and Engineering Workforce Project, in cooperation with the National Bureau of Economic Research, explores labor issues in science. The LWP also worked on the societal implications of nanotechnology in the twenty-first century with support from the National Nanotechnology Initiative;The Jerry Wurf Memorial Fund provides support for the Union Scholars Program that helps bring education and training to young university students from underrepresented groups in the labor movement. It also provides funding for the training of labor leaders pursuing executive education programs at the Harvard Kennedy School. There is also a Jerry Wurf Memorial Lecture delivered by leading figures in labor, academe, politics, and social justice movements.

Labor progression

Labor history (discipline)

Labor supply curve

Labor and Monopoly Capital

Labor certificate

Champaign, Ill.

Labor federation competition in the U.S.

Labor management reporting and disclosure act

Animalia

Labor council of new south wales

Labor during world war ii

Labor unionism in the United States

Labor battalion (Hungary)

Maybe Not Tonight

Lab Feravan (Persian: لب فراوان‎‎, also Romanized as Lab Ferāvān; also known as ‘Alīābād) is a village in Jazmurian Rural District, Jazmurian District, Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 916, in 175 families.

Labor migrants in United Arab Emirates

Labor and Agrarian Party (in Spanish: Partido Laborista Agrario, PALA) is a Panamanian right-of-center political party, founded in 1960.The PALA supported the Marco Aurelio Robles administration in 1964-1968. In 1968 it allied with the People's Alliance (ADP) and its candidate David Samudio Ávila.The PALA survived the period of suspension under Omar Torrijos (1969–1979) and re-registered on 2 May 1979.

Labor history (disambiguation)

Labor certifications

link

Taiwan

Labor and Social Justice Party

Labor standards

The Labor and Employment Relations Association (LERA), founded in 1947, as the Industrial Relations Research Association, is an organization for professionals in industrial relations and human resources. Headquartered at the School of Labor and Employment Relations at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the national organization has more than 3,000 members.

Labor democracy

Labor notes (disambiguation)

Labor inducer

Labour Standards Law (1947)

Labor specialization

Labor economist

Labor unions

[{{Allmusic|class=album|id=r325962|pure_url=yes}} link]

See What You Want to See

Labor consultant

Labor of Love (Sammy Kershaw album)

Labor law history

Labor and Management Center

Paula D. Wells, Executive Director

Labor of Love (1998 film)

Labor burden

Labor Unions

Labor vincit omnia

Labor unions in the United States/References

Labor Youth Union of Albania

Labeobarbus brevicephalus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Labeobarbus.

Labor problem

Labor history of the united states

Labor relations is the study and practice of managing unionized employment situations. In academia, labour relations is frequently a sub-area within industrial relations, though scholars from many disciplines--including economics, sociology, history, law, and political science--also study labor unions and labor movements. In practice, labor relations is frequently a subarea within human resource management. Courses in labor relations typically cover labor history, labor law, union organizing, bargaining, contract administration, and important contemporary topics.In the United States, labor relations in the private sector is regulated by the National Labor Relations Act. Public sector labor relations is regulated by the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 and various pieces of state legislation. In other countries, labor relations might be regulated by law or tradition.An important professional association for U.S. labor relations scholars and practitioners is the Labor and Employment Relations Association.

The Labor and Employment Relations Association (LERA), founded in 1947, as the Industrial Relations Research Association, is an organization for professionals in industrial relations and human resources. Headquartered at the School of Labor and Employment Relations at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the national organization has more than 3,000 members. LERA is a non-profit, non-partisan organization that draws its members from the ranks of academia, management, labor and "neutrals" (arbitrators and mediators). The organization uses the slogan "Advancing Workplace Relations."LERA's constituencies are professionals in the areas of academic research and education, compensation and benefits, human resources, labor and employment law, labor and management resources, labor markets and economics, public policy, training and development, and union administration and organizing. The executive director of LERA is Paula Wells. Past presidents of LERA include John T. Dunlop, George Shultz, and Ray Marshall, all of whom went on to serve as U.S. Secretary of Labor.

La vraie nature de Bernadette

Labor contract

Shaping the Workplace of the Future

Labor de Medina is a town in the municipality of San Martín de Hidalgo in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It has a population of 863 inhabitants.

Labor demand

A labor federation is a group of unions or labor organizations that are in some sense coordinated. The terminology used to identify such organizations grows out of usage, and has sometimes been imprecise. For example, nationals are sometimes named internationals, federations are named unions, etc.The issues that divided labor federations and fostered competition were many and varied. The oft conflicting philosophies between the craft unionists and the industrial unionists played a role, as did differing ideas about political vs. industrial action; electoral politics; immigration; legislation; union democracy; and, the inclusion of women, black workers, and Asians.Craft unions tended to organize skilled workers, to the exclusion of the unskilled, further complicating the issue of class among working people. Frequently, the role of government has been significant or decisive in tipping the balance of power between labor federations, or in crushing labor organizations outright. Even personalities of union leaders have sometimes guided the fortunes of labor federations. That may seem inevitable when labor organizations are headed by men like Big Bill Haywood, John L. Lewis or Andy Stern.Labor federation competition in the U.S. is not just a history of the labor movement. This article will consider U.S. labor organizations and federations that were (or are) regional, national, or international in scope, and that were (or are) in some sense intended to unite organizations of disparate groups of workers, focusing particularly on the relationships between all of these entities. Threads of union philosophy and ideology will be traced from one period to another. Conflicting union philosophies will be explored. When government actions have played a significant role in suppressing, controlling, or legislating against particular industrial actions or labor entities, resulting in the diminishing of one labor federation entity or the advance of another, that will also be presented.

In economics, labor demand refers to the number of hours of hiring that an employer is willing to do based on the various exogenous (externally determined) variables it is faced with, such as the wage rate, the unit cost of capital, the market-determined selling price of its output, etc. The function specifying the quantity of labor that would be demanded at any of various possible values of these exogenous variables is called the labor demand function.

National Confederation of Trade Unions (''Zenroren)

Labor force

Labor exploitation in the chocolate industry

L. brevispinis

L. brevicauda

Kinrō kansha no hi (勤労感謝の日)

Labor ministry

Labor positions

Labor note

Labor geography

Labor and Agrarian Party

Labor market segmentation

Labor movements

Labor notes

Labor trafficking

Labor attache

Labor education and research network

Labor Whip (Australia)

Labor unions in Germany

Labor rights

Labor policy in Italy

Labor army (disambiguation)

The labor force is the actual number of people available for work. The labor force of a country includes both the employed and the unemployed. The labor force participation rate, LFPR (or economic activity rate, EAR), is the ratio between the labor force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range).In the United States, the unemployment rate is estimated by a household survey called the Current Population Survey, conducted monthly by the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics. The unemployment rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed persons by the size of the workforce and multiplying that number by 100, where an unemployed person is defined as a person not currently employed but actively seeking work. The size of the workforce is defined as those employed plus those unemployed.By BLS definitions, the labor force is the following: "Included are persons 16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions (for example, penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged), and who are not on active duty in the Armed Forces."The labor force participation rate is the ratio between the labor force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the West during the later half of the 20th century, the labor force participation rate increased significantly, largely due to the increasing number of women entering the workplace.

studio

Labor Unions, U.S., History

Labor laws in India

Labor history or labour history is a sub-discipline of Social History which specialises on the history of the working classes and the labor movement. The central concerns of labor historians include industrial relations and forms of labor protest (strikes, lock-outs), the rise of mass politics (especially the rise of Socialism) and the social and cultural history of the industrial working classes. Labor historians may also concern themselves with issues of gender, race, ethnicity and other factors besides class but chiefly focus on urban or industrial societies which distinguishes it from Rural history.

Labor unions in Costa Rica

Labor Thanksgiving Day (勤労感謝の日, Kinrō Kansha no Hi) is a national holiday in Japan which takes place annually on November 23. The law establishing the holiday cites as an occasion for commemorating labor and production and giving one another thanks.Events are held throughout Japan, one such being the Nagano Labor Festival.

Labor market outcomes

Labor power

Labor economics

Labor council for latin american advancement

Labor day

Labor corps

Labor and Defense Council

Labio-palatalisation

Labor union

As the Economy of China has rapidly developed issues of labor relations have developed.

Labor Temple Building

Labor of Love (TV movie)

For activities prior to and surrounding this topic, see Santa Barbara News-Press controversy.Organized labor relations at the Santa Barbara News-Press were highlighted by a 33–6 vote of editorial department employees at the Santa Barbara, California, newspaper on September 27, 2006, to join the Graphic Communications Conference (GCC) of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters. In August, 2007, the labor board certified the union as the exclusive bargaining representative of the news department employees.The tactics of the newsroom staff included a pledge drive encouraging subscribers to cancel the paper if demands were not met by September 5, 2006, as detailed on their website. A branch of the Teamsters has filed many unfair labor practice charges on behalf of the remaining staffers, which have been contested by the News-Press management. On August 31, 2006 eleven of the remaining News-Press newsroom staff received two-day suspension notices from management for allegedly participating in improper union organizing activity; some have claimed, and two NLRB Administrative Law Judges have found, that the activity was protected by labor law, innocuous and consisted only of attempting to deliver a letter to McCaw during a break. The suspended staff were: Al Bonowitz, Melissa Evans, Kim Favors, Dawn Hobbs, Karna Hughes, George Hutti, Rob Kuznia, Barney McManigal, Lara Milton, and Tom Schultz; Mike Traphagen chose to resign earlier than announced rather than accept the suspension. The Sep. 5 deadline set by the employees passed, and the staff through their Teamsters representative Marty Keegan called for subscribers to cancel their subscriptions to the paper. McCaw refused offers from local political leaders, religious leaders, and prominent journalists such as Sander Vanocur and Lou Cannon to help resolve the conflict. A vote by newsroom staff on unionizing under the Teamsters took place on September 27, 2006. The vote was 33 to 6 in favor of the union.The News-Press first questioned the validity of the election, and then formally contested the validity of the election. On October 30, 2006, the Teamsters filed an unfair-labor-practice charge over the Oct. 27 firing of veteran reporter and labor leader Melinda Burns. On November 13, the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) decided to file a complaint charging the News-Press management with violations of the National Labor Relations Act. The causes for the complaint include the cancellation of Starshine Roshell's column and the two-day suspensions for improper labor organizing activity. On December 7, 2006, the NLRB denied News-Press appeals concerning the newsroom staff behavior and vote to unionize. On December 11, 2006, the NLRB dismissed one charge brought by the Teamsters against the News-Press, and the Teamsters themselves withdrew three charges. On December 28, 2006, the NLRB filed a complaint concerning alleged News-Press retribution against employees who supported unionization.

Labor theory of property

Labor participation rate

Labor theories of value

National Trade Union Council (Zenrokyo)

August

Labor feminist

Labor cartel

Labour unions emerged in Japan in the second half of the Meiji period, after 1890, as the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization. Until 1945, however, the labour movement remained weak, impeded by lack of legal rights, anti-union legislation, management-organized factory councils, and political divisions between “cooperative” and radical unionists. In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, the US Occupation authorities initially encouraged the formation of independent unions. Legislation was passed that enshrined the right to organize, and membership rapidly rose to 5 million by February 1947. The organization rate, however, peaked at 55.8% in 1949 and subsequently declined to 18.5% as of 2010.The labour movement went through a process of reorganization from 1987 to 1991 from which emerged the present configuration of three major labour union federations, along with other smaller national union organizations.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates the labor rights of workers in the American meat packing industry. According to scholars of the American meat packing industry, despite federal regulation through OSHA and industry oversight, workers in meat production plants have little agency and inadequate protections. Workers in the industry perform difficult jobs in dangerous conditions, and are at significant risk for physical and psychological harm.

Labor check

Labor of Love (album)

Insecta

Labor relations in China

Labor exploitation

Labor cost

Labor market

Labor law in the United States

Labor of Love (Bon Jovi song)

Radney Foster

Labor market flexibility

Labor armies

A labor federation is a group of unions or labor organizations that are in some sense coordinated. The terminology used to identify such organizations grows out of usage, and has sometimes been imprecise. For example, nationals are sometimes named internationals, federations are named unions, etc.The issues that divided labor federations and fostered competition were many and varied.

Labor reformer

Labor market of japan

Labor history

Labora farm

*Pyroderces bicolorella (Snellen, 1901)

Labor supply

Del Rio, TX 1959

Labor federation

Labor unionism in America

Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century

Labor aristocracy or labour aristocracy (also aristocracy of labor) has at least four meanings: as a term with Marxist theoretical underpinnings, as a specific type of trade unionism, and as a shorthand description by revolutionary industrial unions (such as the Industrial Workers of the World) for the bureaucracy of craft-based business unionism.

Labor settlement

Labor and Defence Council

Sammy Kershaw

Labor practices

Labor hire

Labor United

Labor unions in Japan

Labor federation competition in the US

Labor Unions: International comparisons

Labor market area

For activities prior to and surrounding this topic, see Santa Barbara News-Press controversy.Organized labor relations at the Santa Barbara News-Press were highlighted by a 33–6 vote of editorial department employees at the Santa Barbara, California, newspaper on September 27, 2006, to join the Graphic Communications Conference (GCC) of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.

Labor and Social Affairs Minister of Armenia

Labor Zionist Alliance

Labor Thanksgiving Day (勤労感謝の日, Kinrō Kansha no Hi) is a national holiday in Japan which takes place annually on November 23. The law establishing the holiday cites as an occasion for commemorating labor and production and giving one another thanks.Events are held throughout Japan, one such being the Nagano Labor Festival. The event encourages thinking about the environment, peace and human rights.It is not unusual for early grade elementary students to create drawings for the holiday and give them as gifts to local kōbans, or police stations.