DNA laddering is a feature that can be observed when DNA fragments, resulting from apoptotic DNA fragmentation, are visualized after separation by gel electrophoresis. It was first described in 1980 by Andrew Wyllie at the University of Edinburgh Medical School.

DNA polymerase may refer to:DNA polymerase, enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotidesDNA polymerase I, an enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replicationDNA polymerase II, a prokaryotic DNA-Dependent DNA polymerase encoded by the PolB geneDNA polymerase III holoenzyme, the primary enzyme complex involved in prokaryotic DNA replicationDNA polymerase IV, a prokaryotic polymerase that is involved in mutagenesisDNA polymerase V, a polymerase enzyme involved in DNA repair mechanisms in the bacteria Escherichia coliDNA polymerase alpha, an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in initiation of DNA replicationDNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit, an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLA1 geneDNA polymerase alpha subunit 2, an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLA2 geneDNA polymerase delta, an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in DNA replication and repairPOLD4, DNA polymerase delta subunit 4DNA polymerase epsilon, a member of the DNA polymerase family of enzymesHepatitis B virus DNA polymerase, a hepatitis B viral protein

DNB Arena

DNA genealogy

DNA helicase VI

DNAase

DNA lesions

album

DNA photolyase (protein domain)

DNA manipulation

Calling to Phone

yes

DNAinfo.com

DNA repair enzyme

DNAse footprinting technique

DNCA

DNA primer

DNA polymerases

DNA structure

C-5 cytosine-specific DNA methylase

DNAzyme

United States

DNAdependent DNA polymerase

DNA ligase

DNA polymerase III

DNAse 1 footprinting technique

A DNA walker is a class of nucleic acid nanomachines where a nucleic acid "walker" is able to move along a nucleic acid "track". DNA walkers have functional properties such as a range of motion extending from linear to 2 and 3-dimensional, the ability to pick up and drop off molecular cargo, performing DNA-templated synthesis, and increased velocity of motion. DNA walkers have potential applications ranging from nanomedicine to nanorobotics.

DNA on DNA

DNA helicase RECQL5beta

DNA polymerase alpha subunit 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLA2 gene.

DNB Arena (Stavanger)

DNAnexus is an American company that provides a cloud-based data analysis and management platform for DNA sequence data. It is based in Mountain View, California, and was founded in 2009 by Stanford University professors Serafim Batzoglou and Arend Sidow and Stanford computer scientist Andreas Sundquist.

HsdM_N

DNA topisomerase

DNA polymerase epsilon

N6_Mtase

DNB

DNA phenotyping (fee-no-type-ing) is the process of predicting an organism’s phenotype using only genetic information collected from genotyping or DNA sequencing. This term, also known as molecular photofitting, is primarily used to refer to the prediction of a person’s physical appearance and/or biogeographic ancestry for forensic purposes.DNA phenotyping uses many of the same scientific methods as those being used for genetically-informed personalized medicine, in which drug responsiveness (pharmacogenomics) and medical outcomes are predicted from a patient’s genetic information. Significant genetic variants associated with a particular trait are discovered using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, in which hundreds of thousands or millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are tested for their association with each trait of interest. Predictive modeling is then used to build a mathematical model for making trait predictions about new subjects.

DNA tests

Surrender

DNA polymerase alpha also known as Pol α is an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in initiation of DNA replication. The DNA polymerase alpha complex consists of 4 subunits: POLA1, POLA2, PRIM1, and PRIM2.Pol α has limited processivity and lacks 3′ exonuclease activity for proofreading errors. Thus it is not well suited to efficiently and accurately copy long templates (unlike Pol Delta and Epsilon). Instead it plays a more limited role in replication. Pol α is responsible for the initiation of DNA replication at origins of replication (on both the leading and lagging strands) and during synthesis of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand. The Pol α complex (pol α-DNA primase complex) consists of four subunits: the catalytic subunit POLA1, the regulatory subunit POLA2, and the small and the large primase subunits PRIM1 and PRIM2 respectively. Once primase has created the RNA primer, Pol α starts replication elongating the primer with ~20 nucleotides.

umuD

DNA oxidation is the process of oxidative damage on Deoxyribonucleic Acid. It occurs most readily at guanine residues due to the high oxidation potential of this base relative to cytosine, thymine, and adenine. It is widely believed to be linked to certain disease and cancers.

DNBE

The DNB Extension for Education and Research is housed in the Department of Dance at The Ohio State University in Columbus, OH. The DNB Extension was founded in the Department of Dance in 1968 as a way to further the work and library resources of the Dance Notation Bureau in New York, and to facilitate education and research in Labanotation, dance documentation, and dance preservation.

DNA polymerase sliding clamp

DNA helicase 120

DNA purification

New Media News, LLC

DNAse 1 footprint method

DNA viruses

DNAinfo.com is an online news service that focuses on neighborhood news in New York City and Chicago.

Studio Deen

DNA photolyase may refer to:DNA photolyase (protein domain)Deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase, an enzyme(6-4)DNA photolyase, an enzymehoi

DNA machine

Ranheim Arena

New New

DNA digivolution

DNA helicase E

genome

DNA helicase

Detached

DNCG

DNA methylation in cancer plays a variety of roles, helping to change the healthy regulation of gene expression to a disease pattern.All mammalian cells descended from a fertilized egg (a zygote) share a common DNA sequence (except for new mutations in some lineages). However, during development and formation of different tissues epigenetic factors change.

DNA for Beginners

DNA glycosylases

DNA mismatch repair

A DNA field-effect transistor (DNAFET) is a field-effect transistor which uses the field-effect due to the partial charges of DNA molecules to function as a biosensor. The structure of DNAFETs is similar to that of MOSFETs with the exception of the gate structure which, in DNAFETs, is replaced by a layer of immobilized ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) molecules which act as surface receptors. When complementary DNA strands hybridize to the receptors, the charge distribution near the surface changes, which in turn modulates current transport through the semiconductor transducer.Arrays of DNAFETs can be used for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (causing many hereditary diseases) and for DNA sequencing. Their main advantage compared to optical detection methods in common use today is that they do not require labeling of molecules. Furthermore, they work continuously and (near) real-time. DNAFETs are highly selective since only specific binding modulates charge transport.

In bioinformatics, a DNA read error occurs when a sequence assembler changes one DNA base for a different base. The reads from the sequence assembler is then used to create a de Bruijn graph which is used in various ways to find the read errors.

DNA errors

DNA mismatch repair is a system for recognizing and repairing erroneous insertion, deletion, and mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as repairing some forms of DNA damage.Mismatch repair is strand-specific. During DNA synthesis the newly synthesised (daughter) strand will commonly include errors. In order to begin repair, the mismatch repair machinery distinguishes the newly synthesised strand from the template (parental). In gram-negative bacteria, transient hemimethylation distinguishes the strands (the parental is methylated and daughter is not). However, in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the exact mechanism is not clear. It is suspected that, in eukaryotes, newly synthesized lagging-strand DNA transiently contains nicks (before being sealed by DNA ligase) and provides a signal that directs mismatch proofreading systems to the appropriate strand. This implies that these nicks must be present in the leading strand, and evidence for this has recently been found. Recent work has shown that nicks are sites for RFC-dependent loading of the replication sliding clamp PCNA, in an orientation-specific manner, such that one face of the donut-shape protein is juxtaposed toward the 3'-OH end at the nick. Oriented PCNA then directs the action of the MutLalpha endonuclease to one strand in the presence of a mismatch and MutSalpha or MutSbeta.Any mutational event that disrupts the superhelical structure of DNA carries with it the potential to compromise the genetic stability of a cell. The fact that the damage detection and repair systems are as complex as the replication machinery itself highlights the importance evolution has attached to DNA fidelity.Examples of mismatched bases include a G/T or A/C pairing (see DNA repair). Mismatches are commonly due to tautomerization of bases during DNA replication. The damage is repaired by recognition of the deformity caused by the mismatch, determining the template and non-template strand, and excising the wrongly incorporated base and replacing it with the correct nucleotide. The removal process involves more than just the mismatched nucleotide itself. A few or up to thousands of base pairs of the newly synthesized DNA strand can be removed.

DNA palindrome

Not Moving

DNA-directed DNA polymerase

DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiling (known as genetic fingerprinting) to determine whether two individuals are biologically parent and child. A paternity test establishes genetic proof whether a man is the biological father of an individual, and a maternity test establishes whether a woman is the biological mother of an individual. Tests can also determine the likelihood of someone being a biological grandparent to a grandchild. Though genetic testing is the most reliable standard, older methods also exist, including ABO blood group typing, analysis of various other proteins and enzymes, or using human leukocyte antigen antigens. The current techniques for paternity testing are using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Paternity testing can now also be performed while the woman is still pregnant from a blood draw.DNA testing is currently the most advanced and accurate technology to determine parentage. In a DNA parentage test, the result (called the 'probability of parentage) is 0% when the alleged parent is not biologically related to the child and the probability of parentage is typically 99.99% when the alleged parent is biologically related to the child. However, while almost all individuals have a single and distinct set of genes, rare individuals, known as "chimeras", have at least two different sets of genes, which can result in a false negative result if their reproductive tissue has a different genetic make-up from the tissue sampled for the test.

A New Low

DNA polymerase IV is a prokaryotic polymerase that is involved in mutagenesis. It exhibits no 3'-5' exonuclease (proofreading) activity and hence is error prone. In E. coli, DNA polymerase IV (Pol 4) is involved in non-targeted mutagenesis. Pol IV is a Family Y polymerase expressed by the dinB gene that is switched on via SOS induction caused by stalled polymerases at the replication fork. During SOS induction, Pol IV production is increased tenfold and one of the functions during this time is to interfere with Pol III holoenzyme processivity. This creates a checkpoint, stops replication, and allows time to repair DNA lesions via the appropriate repair pathway. Another function of Pol IV is to perform translesion synthesis at the stalled replication fork like, for example, bypassing N2-deoxyguanine adducts at a faster rate than transversing undamaged DNA. Cells lacking dinB gene have a higher rate of mutagenesis caused by DNA damaging agents.

DNA fingerprint

DNA molecule

DNA end

DNA for Beginners, republished as DNA: A Graphic Guide to the Molecule that Shook the World, is a 1983 graphic study guide to DNA written by Professor Israel Rosenfield from the City University of New York with Professor Edward Ziff from the New York University School of Medicine, and illustrated by Borin Van Loon. The content of the book is about the discovery and importance of DNA, examining the impact of DNA research on society and discussing its significance in history and for the future of life on Earth. The book, according to its authors, "combines humor, scientific depth, and philosophical and historical insights." in the hope that, "it will interest a wide range of readers."

HsdM N-terminal domain

DNA surgery

DNA typing

DNA ligase repairing chromosomal damage

DNAse footprint method

DNAngel

Size

DNA mutation

Arkitektkontoret Jobb

You & You

CL0329

DNA identification

DNA shuffling is a way to rapidly propagate beneficial mutations in a directed evolution experiment. It is used to rapidly increase DNA library size. because it is a recombination between different DNA species with different mutations.

DNA ligase (NAD+) (EC 6.5.1.2, polydeoxyribonucleotide synthase (NAD+), polynucleotide ligase (NAD+), DNA repair enzyme, DNA joinase, polynucleotide synthetase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), deoxyribonucleic-joining enzyme, deoxyribonucleic ligase, deoxyribonucleic repair enzyme, deoxyribonucleic joinase, DNA ligase, deoxyribonucleate ligase, polynucleotide ligase, deoxyribonucleic acid ligase, polynucleotide synthetase, deoxyribonucleic acid joinase, DNA-joining enzyme, polynucleotide ligase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)) is an enzyme with systematic name poly(deoxyribonucleotide):poly(deoxyribonucleotide) ligase (AMP-forming, NMN-forming).

DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, (EC 6.5.1.1) that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond. It plays a role in repairing single-strand breaks in duplex DNA in living organisms, but some forms (such as DNA ligase IV) may specifically repair double-strand breaks (i.e. a break in both complementary strands of DNA). Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligase is used in both DNA repair and DNA replication (see Mammalian ligases). In addition, DNA ligase has extensive use in molecular biology laboratories for recombinant DNA experiments (see Applications in molecular biology research). Purified DNA ligase is used in gene cloning to join DNA molecules together to form recombinant DNA.

DNA Polymerase, beta, also known as POLB, is an enzyme present in eukaryotes. In humans, it is encoded by the POLB gene.

DNA duplicase

DNAnexus

DNA error

DNA polymerase inhibitor

Compilation

A DNA walker is a class of nucleic acid nanomachines where a nucleic acid "walker" is able to move along a nucleic acid "track". DNA walkers have functional properties such as a range of motion extending from linear to 2 and 3-dimensional, the ability to pick up and drop off molecular cargo, performing DNA-templated synthesis, and increased velocity of motion. DNA walkers have potential applications ranging from nanomedicine to nanorobotics. Many different fuel options have been studied including DNA hybridization, hydrolysis of DNA or ATP, and light. The DNA walker's function is similar to that of the proteins dynein and kinesin.

DNA nucleotidylexotransferase

DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLA1 gene.

DNA shuffling

DNA repair-deficiency disorder

Newest Fastest

DNA footprinting is a method of investigating the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins in vitro. This technique can be used to study protein-DNA interactions both outside and within cells.The regulation of transcription has been studied extensively, and yet there is still much that is not known. Transcription factors and associated proteins that bind promoters, enhancers, or silencers to drive or repress transcription are fundamental to understanding the unique regulation of individual genes within the genome. Techniques like DNA footprinting help elucidate which proteins bind to these associated regions of DNA and unravel the complexities of transcriptional control.

DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed)

DNA music

DNA polymerase II (also known as DNA Pol II or Pol II) is a prokaryotic DNA-Dependent DNA polymerase encoded by the PolB gene.DNA Polymerase II is an 89.9-kDa protein and is a member of the B family of DNA polymerases. It was originally isolated by Thomas Kornberg in 1970, and characterized over the next few years. The in vivo functionality of Pol II is under debate, yet consensus shows that Pol II is primarily involved as a backup enzyme in prokaryotic DNA replication.

DNA polymerase mu is a polymerase enzyme found in eukaryotes. In humans, this protein is encoded by the POLM gene.

DNA polymerase lambda, also known as POLL, is a protein found in eukaryotes. In humans, it is encoded by the POLLA gene.
DNA polymerase lambda

ligase III, DNA, ATP-dependent

DNA ligase (NAD+)

umuC

DNAse footprint technique

Horse

A DNA unwinding element, frequently abbreviated to DUE and on occasion DNAUE, is an enzyme complex that can be found during DNA synthesis at the origin of replication and is the initiation site for the opening of the double helix structure. It is A-T rich and denatures easily due to its low helical stability, which allows the single-strand region to be recognized by Origin Recognition Complex.

DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting, DNA testing, or DNA typing) is a forensic technique used to identify individuals by characteristics of their DNA. A DNA profile is a small set of DNA variations that is very likely to be different in all unrelated individuals, thereby being as unique to individuals as are fingerprints (hence the alternate name for the technique). DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing.

DNA watermark

polB

DNA separation by silica adsorption is a method of DNA separation that is based on DNA molecules binding to silica surfaces in the presence of certain salts and under certain pH conditions.

Fujio Takano

DNA polymerase mu

dinB

DNA repair and recombination protein RAD54-like

DNA ligase (ATP)

Kruse Smith

Editor-in-chief

DNA silencer

DNA probe

DNAse 1 footprinting assay

DNA oxidative demethylase

DNAse I footprint technique

DNAse I footprint assay

DNAp

November 2009

DNA tumour virus

DNA swab

DNA uptake signal sequences

DNA repair and recombination protein RAD54-like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD54L gene.The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the DEAD-like helicase superfamily, and shares similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad54, a protein known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein has been shown to play a role in homologous recombination related repair of DNA double-strand breaks.

DNAse 1 footprint analysis

Action

DNA profiling

DNA stealing

DNA polymerase gamma

DNB Arena is an indoor ice hockey rink in Stavanger, Norway, and home to the GET-ligaen side Stavanger Oilers. Opened ahead of the 2012–13 season, the arena has a capacity for 4,500 spectators during ice hockey matches and 6,000 during concerts, including 36 executive boxes. The rink is unusual for Norway in that it has the National Hockey League rink size. The 16,500 square meters (178,000 sq ft) building is designed by Arkitektkontoret Jobb and is named for DNB, a Norwegian banking group.Plans for a new venue to replace the aging Stavanger Ishall were first articulated by club-owner Tore Christiansen in 2006. Construction started in May 2011, with Kruse Smith as the main contractor. Construction cost 210 million Norwegian krone (NOK). The venue is owned by the Oilers' investment company, which receives a combined 9 million per year from DNB and the municipality. The arena hosted group stages of 2012–13 IIHF Continental Cup and 2013 IIHF Women's World Championship Division I.

DNA helicase III

DNA polymerase delta

DNA laddering

DNA supercoiling

DNA origami is the nanoscale folding of DNA to create non-arbitrary two- and three-dimensional shapes at the nanoscale. The specificity of the interactions between complementary base pairs make DNA a useful construction material, through design of its base sequences. DNA is a well-understood material that is suitable for creating scaffolds that hold other molecules in place or to create structures all on its own.DNA origami was the cover story of Nature on March 16, 2006.

DNBK

DNA methyltransferase

DNA gene-expression microarray

DNA oxidative demethylase (EC 1.14.11.33, alkylated DNA repair protein, alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ABH1, alkB (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name methyl DNA-base, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase (formaldehyde-forming).

DNA origami

DNA transposon

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the DEAD-like helicase superfamily, and shares similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad54, a protein known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein has been shown to play a role in homologous recombination related repair of DNA double-strand breaks. The binding of this protein to double-strand DNA induces a DNA topological change, which is thought to facilitate homologous DNA pairing, and stimulate DNA recombination.

DNA fingerprints

DNA dynamics

DNA sequencers

DNB Bank Group

DNAse 1 footprinting method

DNA methylase

DNA gene

DNA polymerase nu

Lionel

DNA testing

DNA hairpin

Mobile device

Edward Ziff

DNA holoenzyme

Taking Kid to School
Delivering the Good

DNAse 1 footprint technique

DNA glycosidae

DNA nanoball sequencing

Ranheim Arena (previous called Ranheim Stadion, later DnB NOR Arena and DNB Arena) is the home ground of the Norwegian football club Ranheim Fotball. It is located in the city-area of Ranheim in the city of Trondheim.

CL0063

D・N・A² ～何処かで失くしたあいつのアイツ～

DNA experiments

DNA sequencing theory is the broad body of work that attempts to lay analytical foundations for determining the order of specific nucleotides in a sequence of DNA, otherwise known as DNA sequencing. The practical aspects revolve around designing and optimizing sequencing projects (known as "strategic genomics"), predicting project performance, troubleshooting experimental results, characterizing factors such as sequence bias and the effects of software processing algorithms, and comparing various sequencing methods to one another. In this sense, it could be considered a branch of systems engineering or operations research. The permanent archive of work is primarily mathematical, although numerical calculations are often conducted for particular problems too. DNA sequencing theory addresses physical processes related to sequencing DNA and should not be confused with theories of analyzing resultant DNA sequences, e.g. sequence alignment. Publications sometimes do not make a careful distinction, but the latter are primarily concerned with algorithmic issues. Sequencing theory is based on elements of mathematics, biology, and systems engineering, so it is highly interdisciplinary. The subject may be studied within the context of computational biology.

DNA enzyme

DNA primase

DNA strand

DNCB

DNA mismatch repair is a system for recognizing and repairing erroneous insertion, deletion, and mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as repairing some forms of DNA damage.Mismatch repair is strand-specific. During DNA synthesis the newly synthesised (daughter) strand will commonly include errors. In order to begin repair, the mismatch repair machinery distinguishes the newly synthesised strand from the template (parental).

Brand New

DNAse footprinting method

DNAliens

DNA origami is the nanoscale folding of DNA to create non-arbitrary two- and three-dimensional shapes at the nanoscale. The specificity of the interactions between complementary base pairs make DNA a useful construction material, through design of its base sequences. DNA is a well-understood material that is suitable for creating scaffolds that hold other molecules in place or to create structures all on its own.DNA origami was the cover story of Nature on March 16, 2006. Since then, DNA origami has progressed past an art form and has found a number of applications from drug delivery systems to uses as circuitry in plasmonic devices; however, most applications remain in a concept or testing phase.

Low

DNA polymerase beta

DNA printing

DNA methylation in cancer plays a variety of roles, helping to change the healthy regulation of gene expression to a disease pattern.All mammalian cells descended from a fertilized egg (a zygote) share a common DNA sequence (except for new mutations in some lineages). However, during development and formation of different tissues epigenetic factors change. The changes include histone modifications, CpG island methylations and chromatin reorganizations which can cause the stable silencing or activation of particular genes. Once differentiated tissues are formed, CpG island methylation is generally stably inherited from one cell division to the next through the DNA methylation maintenance machinery.In cancer, a number of mutational changes are found in protein coding genes. Colorectal cancers typically have 3 to 6 driver mutations and 33 to 66 hitchhiker or passenger mutations that silence protein expression in the genes affected. However, transcriptional silencing may be more important than mutation in causing gene silencing in progression to cancer. In colorectal cancers about 600 to 800 genes are transcriptionally silenced, compared to adjacent normal-appearing tissues, by CpG island methylation. Transcriptional repression in cancer can also occur by other epigenetic mechanisms, such as altered expression of microRNAs.

DNA helices

DNA replication factor Cdt1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDT1 gene.The protein encoded by this gene is a key licensing factor which, along with the protein Cdc6, functions to license DNA by forming the pre-replication complex (pre-RC).

Egomaniac's Kiss

DNA transcription

Spring/Summer 2010

DNA methylation in cancer

DNAse

Young Teenagers Talk Sex

DNAdependent RNA polymerase

Print

DNA helicase V

ligase I, DNA, ATP-dependent

DNA vaccination

DNA pol epsilon

DNA helicase A

DNAse 1 footprinting analysis

DNA melting

DNAse 1 sensitivity

Blonde Red Head

DNA repair and recombination protein RAD54-like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD54L gene.The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the DEAD-like helicase superfamily, and shares similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad54, a protein known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein has been shown to play a role in homologous recombination related repair of DNA double-strand breaks. The binding of this protein to double-strand DNA induces a DNA topological change, which is thought to facilitate homologous DNA pairing, and stimulate DNA recombination.

DNA methyltransferase-1

Police Chase

DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting, DNA testing, or DNA typing) is a forensic technique used to identify individuals by characteristics of their DNA. A DNA profile is a small set of DNA variations that is very likely to be different in all unrelated individuals, thereby being as unique to individuals as are fingerprints (hence the alternate name for the technique). DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing. First developed and used in 1984, DNA profiling is used in, for example, parentage testing and criminal investigation, to identify a person or to place a person at a crime scene, techniques which are now employed globally in forensic science to facilitate police detective work and help clarify paternity and immigration disputes. DNA fingerprinting has also been widely used in the study of animal and floral populations and has revolutionized the fields of zoology, botany, and agriculture.Although 99.9% of human DNA sequences are the same in every person, enough of the DNA is different that it is possible to distinguish one individual from another, unless they are monozygotic ("identical") twins. DNA profiling uses repetitive ("repeat") sequences that are highly variable, called variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs), in particular short tandem repeats (STRs), also known as microsatellites, and minisatellites. VNTR loci are very similar between closely related individuals, but are so variable that unrelated individuals are extremely unlikely to have the same VNTRs.The modern process of DNA profiling was developed in 1984 by Sir Alec Jeffreys while working in the Department of Genetics at the University of Leicester.

The psychic user sabotages Kotomi's performance to antagonist Junta; He is easily defeated by Junta. Later Mori, a corrupt government employee from an alternate future, travels to the present. He has taken control of Junta's one-hundred descendants except for the 101st child; the 101st child is Junta and Karin's child, is the strongest among his siblings, and the only good child who actively opposes Mori's reign. Mori forces Junta's Mega Playboy personality to become dominant; the personality is later overcome by Junta. As a result, Mori's plan falls apart and he commits suicide. Karin decides to go on a date with Junta. She asks him who he likes, he replies her and Ami. In response, Karin shoots Junta with a DNA modifier, erases his memories about her, and returns to the future.

Cop Buys a Donut

DNA polymerase (disambiguation)

DNA topology

DNA replication factor Cdt1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDT1 gene.The protein encoded by this gene is a key licensing factor which, along with the protein Cdc6, functions to license DNA by forming the pre-replication complex (pre-RC). Its activity during the cell cycle is tightly regulated by its association with the protein geminin, which both inhibits Cdt1 activity during S phase in order to prevent re-replication of DNA and prevents it from ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis.

DNA history of Ancient Egypt

DNA pol delta

DNA polymerase alpha

DNA sequencing by ligation

DNB ASA (formerly DnB NOR ASA) is Norway's largest financial services group with total combined assets of more than NOK 1.9 trillion and a market capitalisation NOK 164 billion as per 20 May 2016. The Group includes brands such as DNB, Vital, Nordlandsbanken, Cresco, Postbanken, DnB NORD and Carlson. DNB's head office is located in Oslo.The two largest owners of DNB are the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry (34.0%) and Sparebankstiftelsen DnB NOR (10.0%).

DNA polymerase II (also known as DNA Pol II or Pol II) is a prokaryotic DNA-Dependent DNA polymerase encoded by the PolB gene.DNA Polymerase II is an 89.9-kDa protein and is a member of the B family of DNA polymerases. It was originally isolated by Thomas Kornberg in 1970, and characterized over the next few years. The in vivo functionality of Pol II is under debate, yet consensus shows that Pol II is primarily involved as a backup enzyme in prokaryotic DNA replication. The enzyme has 5’ → 3’ DNA synthesis capability as well as 3’ → 5’ exonuclease proofreading activity. DNA Pol II interacts with multiple binding partners common with DNA Pol III in order to enhance its fidelity and processivity.

DNAse I footprint method

DNA replication protein

DNA Polymerase V (Pol V) is a polymerase enzyme involved in DNA repair mechanisms in prokaryotic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. It is composed of a UmuD' homodimer and a UmuC monomer, forming the UmuD'2C protein complex. It is part of the Y-family of DNA Polymerases, which are capable of performing DNA translesion synthesis (TLS).

vertical

DNA phenotyping (fee-no-type-ing) is the process of predicting an organism’s phenotype using only genetic information collected from genotyping or DNA sequencing.

DNA hybridisation

DNA On DNA

DNA_mis_repair

DNBD

DNA walker

DNA transposable element

Bus: Line 2, 3, 6, 7, 16, N84, N86, X73

DNB NOR

DNA sequence

DNA segments with chromatin alterations reinforcing senescence

DNA packaging

DNA siblingship testing

DNA transposons

DNA scrunching

crystal structure of type i restriction enzyme ecoki m protein

DNA oxidative demethylase (EC 1.14.11.33, alkylated DNA repair protein, alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ABH1, alkB (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name methyl DNA-base, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase (formaldehyde-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reactionDNA-base-CH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } DNA-base + formaldehyde + succinate + CO2DNA oxidative demethylase contains iron; activity is somewhat stimulated by ascorbate.

In biochemistry, the DNA methyltransferase (DNA MTase) family of enzymes catalyze the transfer of a methyl group to DNA. DNA methylation serves a wide variety of biological functions. All the known DNA methyltransferases use S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.

Escherichia coli

DNA ligase I

manga

DNAse footprinting assay

DNA nanoball sequencing is a high throughput sequencing technology that is used to determine the entire genomic sequence of an organism. The method uses rolling circle replication to amplify small fragments of genomic DNA into DNA nanoballs. Fluorescent probes bind to complementary DNA and the probes are then ligated to anchor sequences bound to known sequences on the DNA template.

DNA_photolyase

hpms2-atpgs

United Kingdom

DNA polymerase epsilon is a member of the DNA polymerase family of enzymes found in eukaryotes. It is composed of the following four subunits: POLE (central catalytic unit), POLE2 (subunit 2), POLE3 (subunit 3), and POLE4 (subunit 4). Recent evidence suggests that it plays a major role in leading strand DNA synthesis and nucleotide and base excision repair.

DNA (Last Live at CBGB's)

DNAse I footprinting analysis

DNA unwinding element

ova

DNA topoisomerase inhibitor

tv series

DNA marking

DNA transposons are a group of transposable elements (TEs) that can move in the DNA of an organism via a single- or double-stranded DNA intermediate.There are autonomous, as well as nonautonomous DNA transposons. The former use the enzymatic machinery of the latter for their amplification in a genome. It is estimated, that there are around 300,000 copies of DNA transposon fossils in the human genome and they make up around 3 % of it.

DNA photolyase

DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiling (known as genetic fingerprinting) to determine whether two individuals are biologically parent and child. A paternity test establishes genetic proof whether a man is the biological father of an individual, and a maternity test establishes whether a woman is the biological mother of an individual. Tests can also determine the likelihood of someone being a biological grandparent to a grandchild.

DNA on DNA is a compilation album by DNA, released on May 11, 2004 through No More Records.

DNA polymerase II

DNA intercalation

DNA marking is a type of forensic identification. It is a method to mark items in a way that is undetectable to the naked eye. A unique DNA marker is applied to the item, and can be recovered to identify the item. In suspected thefts, the suspect can also be tested for traces of the DNA marking. DNA marking can be used to prevent thefts of objects that are hard to mark in any other way (e.g. copper cables). It can also be used to help separate between genuine and counterfeit electronics and other replacement parts.

DNA polymerase α

DNA recombination

Nearing

DNA girase

Japan

DNA nucleotidyltransferase

DNA repair gene

Marshall

DNA marking is a type of forensic identification. It is a method to mark items in a way that is undetectable to the naked eye. A unique DNA marker is applied to the item, and can be recovered to identify the item. In suspected thefts, the suspect can also be tested for traces of the DNA marking. DNA marking can be used to prevent thefts of objects that are hard to mark in any other way (e.g. copper cables).

DNA re-replication

DNA taxonomy

DNA recombination (disambiguation)

DNA polymerase alpha subunit 2

DNA hybridization

DNA tumor virus

DNA glycohydrolase

DNCL

DNA makes RNA makes protein

DNA for Beginners, republished as DNA: A Graphic Guide to the Molecule that Shook the World, is a 1983 graphic study guide to DNA written by Professor Israel Rosenfield from the City University of New York with Professor Edward Ziff from the New York University School of Medicine, and illustrated by Borin Van Loon.

DNA pol IV

Rune Bjerke , Anne Carine Tanum

DNCE (song)

A sample DNA sequence and its respective de Bruijn Graph

Karin explains the Mega Playboy persona to Ami in order to convince her to her plan. Ami's friend, Kotomi Takanashi, wants to ask Junta on a date but she farts whenever she is nervous. Junta, with the Mega Playboy's influence, decides to help her overcome problem. Junta's actions garner the attention of a psychic user who wants to compare his abilities to Junta's.

SEQUENCE 1.png

DNA world

DNA double helix

DNA profile

DNA polymerase eta (Pol η), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POLH gene.DNA polymerase eta is a eukaryotic DNA polymerase involved in the DNA repair by translesion synthesis. The gene encoding DNA polymerase eta is POLH, also known as XPV, because loss of this gene results in the disease xeroderma pigmentosum. Polymerase eta is particularly important for allowing accurate translesion synthesis of DNA damage resulting from ultraviolet radiation or UV.

DNA methylation reprogramming

DNA pol alpha

DNA photolyase is an evolutionary conserved protein domain. This domain binds a light harvesting cofactor.Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase (DNA photolyase) is a DNA repair enzyme. It binds to UV-damaged DNA containing pyrimidine dimers and, upon absorbing a near-UV photon (300 to 500 nm), breaks the cyclobutane ring joining the two pyrimidines of the dimer.

DNA field-effect transistor

DNA ladder

Karin receives a new DNA modifier and attempts to shoot Junta, only to miss and hit Ryuji who discovers he has gained the ability to absorb other people's DNA into himself. Using his powers, he morphs into Junta and ruins his reputation with Ami and Tomoko. Afterwards, Ryuji absorbs Junta's powers and defeats him. Ami suggests Junta to learn how to use the Mega Playboy's powers while in his regular mindset in order to defeat Ryuji.

DNB Arena (Trondheim)

DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit

DNB NOR ASA

Jun'ichi Sakata

POLB

A DNA machine is a molecular machine constructed from DNA. Research into DNA machines was pioneered in the late 1980s by Nadrian Seeman and co-workers from New York University.

Crystal Structure of DNA pol II

English

DNB ASA (formerly DnB NOR ASA) is Norway's largest financial services group with total combined assets of more than NOK 1.9 trillion and a market capitalisation NOK 164 billion as per 20 May 2016. The Group includes brands such as DNB, Vital, Nordlandsbanken, Cresco, Postbanken, DnB NORD and Carlson. DNB's head office is located in Oslo.The two largest owners of DNB are the Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry (34.0%) and Sparebankstiftelsen DnB NOR (10.0%). The latter was created as a foundation with the sole purpose of owning part of the company. It was created when Gjensidige NOR was made a public limited company to ensure that the companies' customers retained partial ownership of the company. The foundation also can give up to 25% of its received dividend as gifts to charity.

DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting against disease by injection with genetically engineered DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, producing a protective immunological response. DNA vaccines have potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types.Several DNA vaccines are available for veterinary use. One DNA vaccine has been approved for human use.

DNA joinase

Shōnen

DNAase footprinting assay

DNA test

DNA sample

crystal structure of methyltransferase mboiia

DNA tumor viruses

DNA sampling

DNA polymerase delta is an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in DNA replication and repair. The DNA polymerase delta complex consists of 4 subunits: POLD1, POLD2, POLD3, and POLD4. DNA Pol δ is an enzyme used for both leading and lagging strand synthesis. It exhibits increased processivity when interacting with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). As well, the multisubunit protein replication factor C, through its role as the clamp loader for PCNA (which involves catalysing the loading of PCNA on to DNA) is important for DNA Pol δ function.

DNA proofreading

A DNA repair-deficiency disorder is a medical condition due to reduced functionality of DNA repair.DNA repair defects can cause both an accelerated aging disease and an increased risk of cancer.

DNAlien (Ben 10)

Karin Aoi is tasked to travel to the past in order to solve the world's overpopulation problem. The origin of the problem is Junta Momonari whose genes makes him an extreme womanizer dubbed as ; his genes are passed down to his a hundred descendants which causes a chain reaction. Karin shoots Junta with a DNA modifier which causes the Mega Playboy genes to awaken. Out of DNA modifiers, Karin decides to set Junta up with Ami Kurimoto, his childhood friend who is resistant to the Mega Playboy genes, in order to promote monogamy and destroy the Mega Playboy persona. Junta's Mega Playboy garners the love of Tomoko Saeki; in Envy, Ryuji Sugashita hires people to attack Junta. After his friends are hurt, Junta's Mega Playboy persona takes over and dispatches his attackers with psychic attacks.

DNA electrophoresis

DNA sequencing theory is the broad body of work that attempts to lay analytical foundations for determining the order of specific nucleotides in a sequence of DNA, otherwise known as DNA sequencing.

DNA methods

DNA ligation

DNA methyltransferase inhibitor

New Fast

DNA homology

A DNA machine is a molecular machine constructed from DNA. Research into DNA machines was pioneered in the late 1980s by Nadrian Seeman and co-workers from New York University. DNA is used because of the numerous biological tools already found in nature that can affect DNA, and the immense knowledge of how DNA works previously researched by biochemists.DNA machines can be logically designed since DNA assembly of the double helix is based on strict rules of base pairing that allow portions of the strand to be predictably connected based on their sequence. This "selective stickiness" is a key advantage in the construction of DNA machines.An example of a DNA machine was reported by Bernard Yurke and co-workers at Lucent Technologies in the year 2000, who constructed molecular tweezers out of DNA. The DNA tweezers contain three strands: A, B and C. Strand A latches onto half of strand B and half of strand C, and so it joins them all together. Strand A acts as a hinge so that the two "arms" — AB and AC — can move. The structure floats with its arms open wide. They can be pulled shut by adding a fourth strand of DNA (D) "programmed" to stick to both of the dangling, unpaired sections of strands B and C. The closing of the tweezers was proven by tagging strand A at either end with light-emitting molecules that do not emit light when they are close together. To re-open the tweezers add a further strand (E) with the right sequence to pair up with strand D. Once paired up, they have no connection to the machine BAC, so float away. The DNA machine can be opened and closed repeatedly by cycling between strands D and E. These tweezers can be used for removing drugs from inside fullerenes as well as from a self assembled DNA tetrahedron. The state of the device can be determined by measuring the separation between donor and acceptor fluorophores using FRET.DNA walkers are another type of DNA machine.

DNA theft

DNA mutations

DNA exoneration

DNA repair genes

DNAse I footprint analysis

DNA transfer

DNA paternity testing

DNA phenotyping

DNA replication factor CDT1

Ryuji gather's the school's females in order to publicly humiliate Junta in battle to win Tomoko's affection. Junta gains an early advantage, until Ryuji awakens his psychic abilities. Overwhelmed, Junta's Mega Playboy persona takes over and achieves victory. Ryuji gains a change of heart and expresses regret in his actions before being taken to the hospital.

DNA sequences

DNB Bank

DNA reassociation kinetics

DNA Polymerase V (Pol V) is a polymerase enzyme involved in DNA repair mechanisms in prokaryotic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. It is composed of a UmuD' homodimer and a UmuC monomer, forming the UmuD'2C protein complex. It is part of the Y-family of DNA Polymerases, which are capable of performing DNA translesion synthesis (TLS). Translesion polymerases bypass DNA damage lesions during DNA replication, if a lesion is not repaired or bypassed the replication fork can stall and lead to cell death. However, Y polymerases have low sequence fidelity during replication (prone to add wrong nucleotides). When the UmuC and UmuD' proteins were initially discovered in E. coli, they were thought to be agents that inhibit faithful DNA replication and caused DNA synthesis to have high mutation rates after exposure to UV-light. The polymerase function of Pol V was not discovered until the late 1990s when UmuC was successfully extracted, consequent experiments unequivocally proved UmuD'2C is a polymerase. This finding lead to the detection of many Pol V orthologs and the discovery of the Y-family of polymerases.

Stem loopII regulatory element in POLB

DNA motif

N-6 DNA Methylase

DNA uptake sequence

DNAse I footprinting assay

Simple de Bruijn Graph.png

DNA responsive element

DNA polymerase IV is a prokaryotic polymerase that is involved in mutagenesis. It exhibits no 3'-5' exonuclease (proofreading) activity and hence is error prone. In E. coli, DNA polymerase IV (Pol 4) is involved in non-targeted mutagenesis. Pol IV is a Family Y polymerase expressed by the dinB gene that is switched on via SOS induction caused by stalled polymerases at the replication fork.

DNB Extension for Education and Research

DNA polymerase eta

DNA–DNA hybridization

DNA topoisomerase II

DNA helicase II

Lying on the Sofa of Life

DNA re-replication (or simply rereplication) is an undesirable and possibly fatal occurrence in eukaryotic cells in which the genome is replicated more than once per cell cycle. Rereplication is believed to lead to genomic instability and has been implicated in the pathologies of a variety of human cancers. To prevent rereplication, eukaryotic cells have evolved multiple, overlapping mechanisms to inhibit chromosomal DNA from being partially or fully rereplicated in a given cell cycle. These control mechanisms rely on cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity. DNA replication control mechanisms cooperate to prevent the relicensing of replication origins and to activate cell cycle and DNA damage checkpoints. DNA rereplication must be strictly regulated to ensure that genomic information is faithfully transmitted through successive generations.

DNA marker

DNA fragmentation index

No More

DNA genome

DNA operator

sequence 1

DNA polymerase δ

DNB Nor Group

Cover of the first volume

First edition cover

DNA integrated analysis chip

Dī En Ei Tsū: Dokoka de Nakushita Aitsu no Aitsu

DNAse footprint analysis

DNA library

DNAmy

DNA re-replication (or simply rereplication) is an undesirable and possibly fatal occurrence in eukaryotic cells in which the genome is replicated more than once per cell cycle. Rereplication is believed to lead to genomic instability and has been implicated in the pathologies of a variety of human cancers. To prevent rereplication, eukaryotic cells have evolved multiple, overlapping mechanisms to inhibit chromosomal DNA from being partially or fully rereplicated in a given cell cycle.

DNAse 1 footprint assay

DNA fingerprinting

DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting against disease by injection with genetically engineered DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, producing a protective immunological response. DNA vaccines have potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types.Several DNA vaccines are available for veterinary use. One DNA vaccine has been approved for human use. Research is investigating the approach for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases in humans, as well as for several cancers.

DNA polymerase V

DNA mismatch repair protein, C-terminal domain

DNA evidence

Banking and insurance

Predicted secondary structure of the stem loopII regulatory element in POLB

structure of human dnmt2, an enigmatic dna methyltransferase homologue

DNA intercalator

DNB Arena (disambiguation)

DNA separation by silica adsorption

Jason Gross, Alan Schneider

DNA uptake signal sequence

Digital

DNA²

DNB (disambiguation)

DNA read errors

DNA photolyase is an evolutionary conserved protein domain. This domain binds a light harvesting cofactor.Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase (DNA photolyase) is a DNA repair enzyme. It binds to UV-damaged DNA containing pyrimidine dimers and, upon absorbing a near-UV photon (300 to 500 nm), breaks the cyclobutane ring joining the two pyrimidines of the dimer. DNA photolyase is an enzyme that requires two chromophore-cofactors for its activity: a reduced FADH2 and either 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (5,10-MTFH) or an oxidized 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin (8-HDF) derivative (F420). The folate or deazaflavin chromophore appears to function as an antenna, while the FADH2 chromophore is thought to be responsible for electron transfer. On the basis of sequence similarities DNA photolyases can be grouped into two classes. The first class contains enzymes from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, the halophilic archaebacteria Halobacterium halobium, fungi and plants. Class 1 enzymes bind either 5,10-MTHF (E. coli, fungi, etc.) or 8-HDF (S. griseus, H. halobium).Proteins containing this domain also include Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochromes 1 (CRY1) and 2 (CRY2), which are blue light photoreceptors that mediate blue light-induced gene expression.

DNC

DNA helix

N6_N4_Mtase

DNA polymerase alpha also known as Pol α is an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in initiation of DNA replication. The DNA polymerase alpha complex consists of 4 subunits: POLA1, POLA2, PRIM1, and PRIM2.Pol α has limited processivity and lacks 3′ exonuclease activity for proofreading errors. Thus it is not well suited to efficiently and accurately copy long templates (unlike Pol Delta and Epsilon). Instead it plays a more limited role in replication.

DNA renaturation kinetics

DNA polymerase delta is an enzyme complex found in eukaryotes that is involved in DNA replication and repair. The DNA polymerase delta complex consists of 4 subunits: POLD1, POLD2, POLD3, and POLD4. DNA Pol δ is an enzyme used for both leading and lagging strand synthesis. It exhibits increased processivity when interacting with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).

DNAse I footprinting technique

DNA oxidation

DNAk protein

DNA Polymerase II

DNA ligase (NAD+) (EC 6.5.1.2, polydeoxyribonucleotide synthase (NAD+), polynucleotide ligase (NAD+), DNA repair enzyme, DNA joinase, polynucleotide synthetase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), deoxyribonucleic-joining enzyme, deoxyribonucleic ligase, deoxyribonucleic repair enzyme, deoxyribonucleic joinase, DNA ligase, deoxyribonucleate ligase, polynucleotide ligase, deoxyribonucleic acid ligase, polynucleotide synthetase, deoxyribonucleic acid joinase, DNA-joining enzyme, polynucleotide ligase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)) is an enzyme with systematic name poly(deoxyribonucleotide):poly(deoxyribonucleotide) ligase (AMP-forming, NMN-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reactionNAD+ + (deoxyribonucleotide)n + (deoxyribonucleotide)m ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } AMP + beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + (deoxyribonucleotide)n+mCatalyses the formation of a phosphodiester at the site of a single-strand break in duplex DNA.

DNA profiling (disambiguation)

DNA - DNA on DNA.jpg

DNA polymerase V, subunit C

DNB ASA

DNAse footprinting analysis

Grapefruit

DNAse I footprinting method

DNA microarrays

DNAse footprint assay

A DNA field-effect transistor (DNAFET) is a field-effect transistor which uses the field-effect due to the partial charges of DNA molecules to function as a biosensor. The structure of DNAFETs is similar to that of MOSFETs with the exception of the gate structure which, in DNAFETs, is replaced by a layer of immobilized ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) molecules which act as surface receptors.

DNA footprinting
DNA footprinting is a method of investigating the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins in vitro. This technique can be used to study protein-DNA interactions both outside and within cells.The regulation of transcription has been studied extensively, and yet there is still much that is not known.

P0AG11

Little Ants

DNA recognition

DNA polymerase V, subunit D

figure 1

DNA vaccine

DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)

DNA probes

DNA microarray experiment

DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, (EC 6.5.1.1) that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond. It plays a role in repairing single-strand breaks in duplex DNA in living organisms, but some forms (such as DNA ligase IV) may specifically repair double-strand breaks (i.e. a break in both complementary strands of DNA).

DNA sequencing theory

DNB Arena is an indoor ice hockey rink in Stavanger, Norway, and home to the GET-ligaen side Stavanger Oilers. Opened ahead of the 2012–13 season, the arena has a capacity for 4,500 spectators during ice hockey matches and 6,000 during concerts, including 36 executive boxes. The rink is unusual for Norway in that it has the National Hockey League rink size.

DNAgents

DNA_methylase

Forgery

DNA polymerase IV

John Ness

DNAinfo

DNA lesion

DNA glycohydrolase (2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-(N-methyl)formamidopyrimide releasing)

dinP

DNA nanoball sequencing is a high throughput sequencing technology that is used to determine the entire genomic sequence of an organism. The method uses rolling circle replication to amplify small fragments of genomic DNA into DNA nanoballs. Fluorescent probes bind to complementary DNA and the probes are then ligated to anchor sequences bound to known sequences on the DNA template. The base order is determined via the fluorescence of the ligated and bound probes.This DNA sequencing method allows large numbers of DNA nanoballs to be sequenced per run at lower reagent costs compared to other next generation sequencing platforms. However, a limitation of this method is that it generates only short sequences of DNA, which presents challenges to mapping its reads to a reference genome. The company Complete Genomics uses DNA nanoball sequencing to sequence samples submitted by researchers.

DNA replicase

Tatsuhiko Urahata