A binary pulsar is a pulsar with a binary companion, often a white dwarf or neutron star. (In at least one case, the double pulsar PSR J0737-3039, the companion neutron star is another pulsar as well.) Binary pulsars are one of the few objects which allow physicists to test general relativity because of the strong gravitational fields in their vicinities.

Town

Binary quadratic form

Binary mass function

Binatlı Yılmaz

Reichenbucherstraße 38a
Binau is a municipality in the district of Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Binary distribution

Binary compounds of hydrogen are binary chemical compounds containing just hydrogen and one other chemical element. By convention all binary hydrogen compounds are called hydrides even when the hydrogen atom in it is not an anion. These hydrogen compounds can be grouped into several types.

Binary file descriptor library

Binary compound of hydrogen

Binary integer programming

Binary star formation

Binauli (Hindi: बिनौली, Urdu: بنولي‎) is a small town in Baghpat district in Uttar Pradesh, India. Binauli is between Baraut and Barnava on Meerut road. Binauli is a religious Village, with many Hindu Jain's temples. It is under in NCR PLAN. It has on block, with one Police Station, Government Hospital, and a Post Office. Binauli is about 13 km from Baraut, 42 km from Meerut and 70 km from Delhi.

Binary decision diagrams

Binary operations

A binary erasure channel (or BEC) is a common communications channel model used in coding theory and information theory. In this model, a transmitter sends a bit (a zero or a one), and the receiver either receives the bit or it receives a message that the bit was not received ("erased"). This channel is used frequently in information theory because it is one of the simplest channels to analyze.

Binary min-heap

Binary multiplication

Binary data is data whose unit can take on only two possible states, traditionally termed 0 and +1 in accordance with the binary numeral system and Boolean algebra. Forms and interpretations of binary data come in different technical and scientific fields. Such two-valued unit can be termed:"bit" (binary digit) in computer science,"truth value" in mathematical logic and related domains,"binary variable" in statistics.

fossil

Yes

Binatape is a village in the Bassar Prefecture in the Kara Region of north-western Togo.

A binary compound is a chemical compound that contains exactly two different elements. Examples of binary ionic compounds include calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium fluoride (NaF), and magnesium oxide (MgO), whilst examples of binary covalent compounds include water (H2O), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)

Binary file

Binasuor

Binase

Binary Logarithm

Binary land

Binary stars

Binary space partition tree

Binary options strategies

Binatisphinctes

Binary indexed tree

Binary index

→talk

Binary gcd

Binary vector

Binary power plant

Binary test

Binary integer program

Binary degree

Binary functor

Binary cycle technology

Binasal hemianopsia (or Binasal hemianopia) is the medical description of a type of partial blindness where vision is missing in the inner half of both the right and left visual field. It is associated with certain lesions of the eye and of the central nervous system, such as congenital hydrocephalus.

Binary form is a musical form in two related sections, both of which are usually repeated. Binary is also a structure used to choreograph dance. In music this is usually performed as A-A-B-B.Binary form was popular during the Baroque period, often used to structure movements of keyboard sonatas. It was also used for short, one-movement works.

In information theory, the binary entropy function, denoted H ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} (p)} or H b ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} _{\text{b}}(p)} , is defined as the entropy of a Bernoulli process with probability of success p {\displaystyle p} .

Animalia

Binary repository manager

Binational Science Foundation

Bination

Binary files

Binary notation

UP-17

Binary recompiler

A binary constraint, in mathematical optimization, is a constraint that involves exactly two variables.For example, consider the n-queens problem, where the goal is to place n chess queens on an n-by-n chessboard such that none of the queens can attack each other (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally). The formal set of constraints are therefore "Queen 1 can't attack Queen 2", "Queen 1 can't attack Queen 3", and so on between all pairs of queens. Each constraint in this problem is binary, in that it only considers the placement of two individual queens.Linear programs in which all constraints are binary can be solved in strongly polynomial time, a result that is not known to be true for more general linear programs.

Binasal occlusion is a method of partial covering (occlusion) of the visual field of the two eyes in which the sector of the visual field that is adjacent to the nose (the nasal visual field) is occluded for each eye. It is a well-known procedure in vision therapy.By blocking parts of the image that would be seen by both eyes, binocular occlusion reduces the visual stress that would be related diplopia and binocular rivalry. In contrast to an eye patch that occludes the whole visual field of one eye, binocular occlusion allows some degree of binocular vision; more particularly, it emphasizes the role of binocular functioning in peripheral vision: objects that are located to the right can only be fixated by the right eye, and those located to the left only by the left eye. This in particular prevents the cross-fixation.Cross-fixation which occurs in some strabismus patients with esotropia, and is, in particular, characteristic for a form of infantile esotropia also known as Cianci's syndrome.Binasal occlusion is used in treatment of patients with sensory deficits due to complications of traumatic brain injury or having had a stroke, as well as patients with diplopia, esotropia, convergence excess, divergence insufficiency, or visual overstimulation.

Senior phone

Binary point

inline,title

Binary translation

Binary object

November 2016

A significant number of science fiction works have explored the imaginative possibilities of binary or multiple star systems. Many real stars near the Sun belong in this category. This article is about imaginary binary and multiple star systems in science fiction.

Binary random variable

Binary expansion

Active

In mathematics, the binary cyclic group of the n-gon is the cyclic group of order 2n, C 2 n {\displaystyle C_{2n}} , thought of as an extension of the cyclic group C n {\displaystyle C_{n}} by a cyclic group of order 2.

Binary thinking

In mathematics, the binary game is a topological game introduced by Stanislaw Ulam in 1935 in an addendum to problem 43 of the Scottish book as a variation of the Banach–Mazur game.In the binary game, one is given a fixed subset X of the set {0,1}N of all sequences of 0s and 1s. The players take it in turn to choose a digit 0 or 1, and the first player wins if the sequence they form lies in the set X. Another way to represent this game is to pick a subset X {\displaystyle X} of the interval [ 0 , 2 ] {\displaystyle [0,2]} on the real line, then the players alternatively choose binary digits x 0 , x 1 , x 2 , . . . {\displaystyle x_{0},x_{1},x_{2},...} . Player I wins the game if and only if the binary number ( x 0 . x 1 x 2 x 3 . . . ) 2 ∈ X {\displaystyle (x_{0}{}.x_{1}{}x_{2}{}x_{3}{}...)_{2}\in {}X} , that is, Σ n = 0 ∞ x n 2 n ∈ X {\displaystyle \Sigma _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {x_{n}}{2^{n}}}\in {}X} . See, page 237.The binary game is sometimes called Ulam's game, but "Ulam's game" usually refers to the Rényi–Ulam game.

Binary space partitioning

In computing, binary translation (or (binary) recompilation) is the emulation of one instruction set by another through translation of binary code. Sequences of instructions are translated from the source to the target instruction set.

Binary decision diagram

Binary dihedral group

Binary operation

Binary phase diagram

Binary pattern (image generation)

Binary offset carrier modulation

Binary compounds of silicon are binary chemical compounds containing just silicon and another chemical element. Technically the term silicide is reserved for any compounds containing silicon bonded to a more electropositive element. Binary silicon compounds can be grouped into several classes. Saltlike silicides are formed with group 1 and group 2 elements. Covalent silicides occur in compounds with groups 10 to 17.Transition metals form metallic silicides with the some exceptions: silver, gold and the group 12 elements. The general composition is MnSi or MSin with n ranging from 1 to 6. Examples are M5Si, M3Si (Cu, V, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe, Pt, U), M2Si (Zr, Hf, Ta, Ir, Ru, Rh, Co, Ni, Ce), M3Si2 (Hf, Th, U), MSi (Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Ce, Th, Pu) and MSi2 (Ti, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Re)The Kopp–Neumann law applies as:Cp(M,Si,) = xCp(M) + yCp(Si)As a general rule nonstochiometry implies instability. These intermetallics are in general resistant to hydrolysis, brittle, and melt at a lower temperature than the corresponding carbides or borides. They are electrical conductors. However, some, such as CrSi2, Mg2Si, β-FeSi2 and MnSi1.7, are semiconductors. Since degenerate semiconductors exhibit some metallic properties, such as luster and electrical conductivity which decreases with temperature, some silicides classified as metals may be semiconductors.

Binary phase-shift keying

Binary compound of silicon

Binasal hemianopsia

Binary encoding

In mathematics, the binary cyclic group of the n-gon is the cyclic group of order 2n, C 2 n {\displaystyle C_{2n}} , thought of as an extension of the cyclic group C n {\displaystyle C_{n}} by a cyclic group of order 2. It is the binary polyhedral group corresponding to the cyclic group.In terms of binary polyhedral groups, the binary cyclic group is the preimage of the cyclic group of rotations ( C n < SO ⁡ ( 3 ) {\displaystyle C_{n}<\operatorname {SO} (3)} ) under the 2:1 covering homomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) → SO ⁡ ( 3 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\to \operatorname {SO} (3)\,} of the special orthogonal group by the spin group.As a subgroup of the spin group, the binary cyclic group can be described concretely as a discrete subgroup of the unit quaternions, under the isomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) ≅ Sp ⁡ ( 1 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\cong \operatorname {Sp} (1)} where Sp(1) is the multiplicative group of unit quaternions. (For a description of this homomorphism see the article on quaternions and spatial rotations.)

Binational solution

Binary value

Binary compounds of hydrogen

In computer science, a binary decision diagram (BDD) or branching program is a data structure that is used to represent a Boolean function. On a more abstract level, BDDs can be considered as a compressed representation of sets or relations. Unlike other compressed representations, operations are performed directly on the compressed representation, i.e. without decompression.

Binasli is a village in the Ujar Rayon of Azerbaijan.It is suspected that this village has undergone a name change or no longer exists, as no Azerbaijani website mentions it under this name.

In information theory, the binary entropy function, denoted H ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} (p)} or H b ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} _{\text{b}}(p)} , is defined as the entropy of a Bernoulli process with probability of success p {\displaystyle p} . Mathematically, the Bernoulli trial is modelled as a random variable X {\displaystyle X} that can take on only two values: 0 and 1. The event X = 1 {\displaystyle X=1} is considered a success and the event X = 0 {\displaystyle X=0} is considered a failure. (These two events are mutually exclusive and exhaustive.)If Pr ⁡ ( X = 1 ) = p {\displaystyle \operatorname {Pr} (X=1)=p} , then Pr ⁡ ( X = 0 ) = 1 − p {\displaystyle \operatorname {Pr} (X=0)=1-p} and the entropy of X {\displaystyle X} (in shannons) is given by H ⁡ ( X ) = H b ⁡ ( p ) = − p log 2 ⁡ p − ( 1 − p ) log 2 ⁡ ( 1 − p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} (X)=\operatorname {H} _{\text{b}}(p)=-p\log _{2}p-(1-p)\log _{2}(1-p)} ,where 0 log 2 ⁡ 0 {\displaystyle 0\log _{2}0} is taken to be 0. The logarithms in this formula are usually taken (as shown in the graph) to the base 2. See binary logarithm.When p = 1 2 {\displaystyle p={\tfrac {1}{2}}} , the binary entropy function attains its maximum value. This is the case of the unbiased bit, the most common unit of information entropy. H ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} (p)} is distinguished from the entropy function H ⁡ ( X ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} (X)} in that the former takes a single real number as a parameter whereas the latter takes a distribution or random variables as a parameter. Sometimes the binary entropy function is also written as H 2 ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} _{2}(p)} . However, it is different from and should not be confused with the Rényi entropy, which is denoted as H 2 ⁡ ( X ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} _{2}(X)} .

Binary xml

Binary newsgroups

Binary gigabyte

Binary compounds

Location in Togo

Binatlı

Peter Keller

Binary connective

Binary subtraction

Binary ionic compounds

United Kingdom

Binauli

Binary cyclic group

Binary Offset Carrier modulation (BOC modulation) was developed by John Betz, PhD, in order to allow interoperability of satellite navigation systems. It is currently used in the US GPS system, Indian IRNSS system and in Galileo and is a square sub-carrier modulation, where a signal is multiplied by a rectangular sub-carrier of frequency f s c {\displaystyle f_{sc}} equal or higher to the chip rate.

Binary tree sort

ffffff

Binary nomenclature

India Uttar Pradesh#India

Binary retention time

The binasuan is a Filipino folk dance in which the performer holds full wine glasses in each hand while performing balancing tricks. Wine may be used to fill the glasses, but other liquids may be substituted. The arms are rotated over and under the shoulder in order to keep the palms facing up so as not to spill the liquid while nevertheless allowing the radius to cross over the ulna via pronation.

Binasli

Binatape

Location in Uttar Pradesh, India

In mathematics, the binary tetrahedral group, denoted 2T or ⟨2,3,3⟩ is a certain nonabelian group of order 24. It is an extension of the tetrahedral group T or (2,3,3) of order 12 by a cyclic group of order 2, and is the preimage of the tetrahedral group under the 2:1 covering homomorphism Spin(3) → SO(3) of the special orthogonal group by the spin group. It follows that the binary tetrahedral group is a discrete subgroup of Spin(3) of order 24. The complex reflection group named 3(24)3 by G.C.

Binate Function (Computing)

Binas, Loir-et-Cher

Binary system (numeral)

BinaryOperation

Worldwide

Binary power plant system

Binary signature

Binary ionic compound

Binary file format

Binary rewrite

Binary liquid is a type of chemical combination, which creates a special reaction or feature as a result of two liquid chemicals, normally inert or having no function by themselves, being mixed. A number of chemical products are produced as a result of mixing two chemicals as a binary liquid, such as plastic foams and some explosives.

Binary delta compression

Binatone

Binary liquid

Binary representation

Binary economics, also known as Two-factor Economics, is a theory of economics that endorses both private property and a free market but proposes significant reforms to the banking system.According to theories first proposed by Louis Kelso, widespread use of central bank-issued interest-free loans to fund employee-owned firms can finance economic growth whilst widening stock ownership in a way which binary economists believe will be non-inflationary.The term "binary" derived from its heterodox treatment of labor and capital (but not in the sense of binary opposition). Kelso claimed that in a truly free market wages would tend to fall over time, with all the benefits of technological progress accruing to capital owners.

A binary erasure channel (or BEC) is a common communications channel model used in coding theory and information theory. In this model, a transmitter sends a bit (a zero or a one), and the receiver either receives the bit or it receives a message that the bit was not received ("erased"). This channel is used frequently in information theory because it is one of the simplest channels to analyze. The BEC was introduced by Peter Elias of MIT in 1955 as a toy example.Closely related to the binary erasure channel is the packet erasure channel which shares many similar theoretical results with the binary erasure channel.
Binary erasure channel

Binary space partition

A binary symmetric channel (or BSC) is a common communications channel model used in coding theory and information theory. In this model, a transmitter wishes to send a bit (a zero or a one), and the receiver receives a bit. It is assumed that the bit is usually transmitted correctly, but that it will be "flipped" with a small probability (the "crossover probability"). This channel is used frequently in information theory because it is one of the simplest channels to analyze.

Binatlı Yılmaz S.K.

Binary Heap

Binary prefix - Timeline

Metric

A binary pulsar is a pulsar with a binary companion, often a white dwarf or neutron star. (In at least one case, the double pulsar PSR J0737-3039, the companion neutron star is another pulsar as well.) Binary pulsars are one of the few objects which allow physicists to test general relativity because of the strong gravitational fields in their vicinities. Although the binary companion to the pulsar is usually difficult or impossible to observe directly, its presence can be deduced from the timing of the pulses from the pulsar itself, which can be measured with extraordinary accuracy by radio telescopes.

Binary neutron stars

Binary rewriting

Binationalism

Binary pattern is an image produced by a formula that includes binary operations and results in a 32-bit integer number. These patterns are closely tied to the 32-bit RGB color system. These patterns may be used with any integer numbers.The most simple pattern is x or y, result of which will be pixel color (in RGB), where x and y represent coordinates of image pixel we search.x or y operation where x and y are 32-bit numbers is per-bit or.

Binary data

Binary executables

peek avg

Binary cutter location

Binatlı Yılmaz Spor Kulübü

Binary sequence

A binary explosive or two-component explosive is an explosive consisting of two components, neither of which is explosive by itself, which have to be mixed in order to become explosive. Examples of common binary explosives include Oxyliquit (liquid oxygen/combustible powder), ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil), Kinestik (ammonium nitrate/nitromethane), Tannerite (ammonium nitrate/aluminum), and FIXOR (nitroethane/physical sensitizer).Binary explosives are often used in commercial applications because of their greater handling safety.

Binasal occlusion

Binary explosive

Village

Binata

Narinda, Dhaka, Bangladesh

In matroid theory, a binary matroid is a matroid that can be represented over the finite field GF(2). That is, up to isomorphism, they are the matroids whose elements are the columns of a (0,1)-matrix and whose sets of elements are independent if and only if the corresponding columns are linearly independent in GF(2).

Given a probit model y=1[y* > 0] where y* = x1 β + zδ + u, and u ~ N(0,1), without losing generality, z can be represented as z = x1 θ1 + x2 θ2 + v. When u is correlated with v, there will be an issue of endogeneity. This can be caused by omitted variables and measurement errors. There are also many cases where z is partially determined by y and endogeneity issue arises. For instance, in a model evaluating the effect of different patient features on their choice of whether going to hospital, y is the choice and z is the amount of the medicine a respondent took, then it is very intuitive that more often the respondent goes to hospital, it is more likely that she took more medicine, hence endogeneity issue arises. When there are endogenous explanatory variables, the estimator generated by usual estimation procedure will be inconsistent, then the corresponding estimated Average Partial Effect (APE) will be inconsistent, too.To address this issue, there are usually two different estimation procedure to generate consistent estimators. Under the normality assumption v~N(0,σ2), u = ρv + ε must hold, where ρ = cov(u , v)/σ2 and ε~N(0,1-ρ2 σ2). Then the equation for y* can be rewritten as y* = x1 β + zδ + ρv + ε.This model can be consistently estimated by 2-Stage Least Square (2SLS):1) Regress z on (x1, x2) and obtain the consistent estimator θ ^ {\displaystyle {\widehat {\theta }}} and the residual v ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {v}}} ;2) Estimate the binary response model on (x1, z, v ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {v}}} ) and get the consistent estimator for the scaled coefficients (βρσ, δρσ, ρρσ) ≡ (β, δ, ρ)/√(1 - ρ2 σ2 );Then (y = 1│x, z) = Φ ( x1 β ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\beta }}} ρσ + z δ ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\delta }}} ρσ + ρ ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {\rho }}} ρσ v ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {v}}} ) . Since the APE of variable w ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {w}}} at ( x ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {x}}} , z ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {z}}} ) is given byEv [ ∂ ϕ ( x 1 β ρ σ + z δ ρ σ + ρ ρ σ v ) ∂ w ~ | ( x ~ {\displaystyle [{\frac {\partial \phi (x_{1}\beta _{\rho \sigma }+z\delta _{\rho \sigma }+\rho _{\rho \sigma }v)}{\partial {\tilde {w}}}}|_{(}{\tilde {x}}} , z ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {z}}} )]By Law of Large Number, a consistent estimator is given as 1 N {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{N}}} ∑ i = 1 n {\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{n}} ∂ ϕ ( x 1 β ^ ρ σ + z δ ^ ρ σ + ρ ^ ρ σ v ^ i ) ∂ w ~ | ( x ~ {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial \phi (x_{1}{\hat {\beta }}_{\rho \sigma }+z{\hat {\delta }}_{\rho \sigma }+{\hat {\rho }}_{\rho \sigma }{\hat {v}}_{i})}{\partial {\tilde {w}}}}|_{(}{\tilde {x}}} , z ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {z}}} )This model can also be consistently estimated by conditional Maximum Likelihood Method. Because P(y, z│x) = P (y│z, x) P (z| x) where P (y│x, z) is given by [ ϕ ( x 1 ( β − ρ θ 1 ) − x 2 ρ θ 2 + z ( δ + ρ ) ( 1 − ρ 2 σ 2 ) ] y {\displaystyle [\phi ({\frac {x_{1}(\beta -\rho \theta _{1})-x_{2}\rho \theta _{2}+z(\delta +\rho )}{\sqrt {(1-\rho ^{2}\sigma ^{2}}}})]^{y}} [ 1 − ϕ ( x 1 ( β − ρ θ 1 ) − x 2 ρ θ 2 + z ( δ + ρ ) ( 1 − ρ 2 σ 2 ) ] 1 − y {\displaystyle [1-\phi ({\frac {x_{1}(\beta -\rho \theta _{1})-x_{2}\rho \theta _{2}+z(\delta +\rho )}{\sqrt {(1-\rho ^{2}\sigma ^{2}}}})]^{1-y}} and P(z│x) is given by ϕ ( z − x 1 θ 1 − x 2 θ 2 σ ) {\displaystyle \phi ({\frac {z-x_{1}\theta _{1}-x_{2}\theta _{2}}{\sigma }})} Then the log-likelihood function for maximization is given by: ∑ i = 1 n {\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{n}} y i log ⁡ [ ϕ ( x 1 i ( β − ρ θ 1 ) − x 2 i ρ θ 2 + z i ( δ + ρ ) ( 1 − ρ 2 σ 2 ) ] {\displaystyle y_{i}\log[\phi ({\frac {x_{1}i(\beta -\rho \theta _{1})-x_{2}i\rho \theta _{2}+z_{i}(\delta +\rho )}{\sqrt {(1-\rho ^{2}\sigma ^{2}}}})]} + ( 1 − y i ) log ⁡ [ 1 − ϕ ( x 1 i ( β − ρ θ 1 ) − x 2 i ρ θ 2 + z i ( δ + ρ ) ( 1 − ρ 2 σ 2 ) ] {\displaystyle +(1-y_{i})\log[1-\phi ({\frac {x_{1}i(\beta -\rho \theta _{1})-x_{2}i\rho \theta _{2}+z_{i}(\delta +\rho )}{\sqrt {(1-\rho ^{2}\sigma ^{2}}}})]} + log ⁡ [ ϕ ( z − x 1 θ 1 − x 2 θ 2 σ ) ] {\displaystyle +\log[\phi ({\frac {z-x_{1}\theta _{1}-x_{2}\theta _{2}}{\sigma }})]} Once the consistent estimators are obtained, APE can be calculated following the same procedure given above. All the discussion above is mainly about the probit model. When the distribution assumption is changed, the same logic still applies.

Binary number

right

Binary oppositions

Binary radians

InternetArchiveBot

UTC + 0

Binary expression tree

Binary engineering notation

Binary self-balancing search tree

Country

Binary min heap

Binary economics

Binational state

Binary numeral system

A Binary Large OBject (BLOB) is a collection of binary data stored as a single entity in a database management system. Blobs are typically images, audio or other multimedia objects, though sometimes binary executable code is stored as a blob.

In mathematics, the binary game is a topological game introduced by Stanislaw Ulam in 1935 in an addendum to problem 43 of the Scottish book as a variation of the Banach–Mazur game.In the binary game, one is given a fixed subset X of the set {0,1}N of all sequences of 0s and 1s. The players take it in turn to choose a digit 0 or 1, and the first player wins if the sequence they form lies in the set X.

Binary format description language

Binary collision approximation

In mathematics, the binary icosahedral group 2I or <2,3,5> is a certain nonabelian group of order 120. It is an extension of the icosahedral group I or (2,3,5) of order 60 by a cyclic group of order 2, and is the preimage of the icosahedral group under the 2:1 covering homomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) → SO ⁡ ( 3 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\to \operatorname {SO} (3)\,} of the special orthogonal group by the spin group. It follows that the binary icosahedral group is a discrete subgroup of Spin(3) of order 120.It should not be confused with the full icosahedral group, which is a different group of order 120, and is rather a subgroup of the orthogonal group O(3).The binary icosahedral group is most easily described concretely as a discrete subgroup of the unit quaternions, under the isomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) ≅ Sp ⁡ ( 1 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\cong \operatorname {Sp} (1)} where Sp(1) is the multiplicative group of unit quaternions. (For a description of this homomorphism see the article on quaternions and spatial rotations.)

Binary function

Binary square and multiply

Binary ordered compression for unicode

Binary image

Binaschi

Binary predicate

বিনত বিবির মসজিদ

In mathematics, a binary quadratic form is a quadratic form in two variables. More concretely, it is a homogeneous polynomial of degree 2 in two variables q ( x , y ) = a x 2 + b x y + c y 2 , {\displaystyle q(x,y)=ax^{2}+bxy+cy^{2},\,} where a, b, c are the coefficients. Properties of binary quadratic forms depend in an essential way on the nature of the coefficients, which may be real numbers, rational numbers, or in the most delicate case, integers. Arithmetical aspects of the theory of binary quadratic forms are related to the arithmetic of quadratic fields and have been much studied, notably, by Gauss in Section V of Disquisitiones Arithmeticae. The theory of binary quadratic forms has been extended in two directions: general number fields and quadratic forms in n variables.

MOS, BCH

Binary operad

A binary moment diagram (BMD) is a generalization of the binary decision diagram (BDD) to linear functions over domains such as booleans (like BDDs), but also to integers or to real numbers.They can deal with boolean functions with complexity comparable to BDDs, but also some functions that are dealt with very inefficiently in a BDD are handled easily by BMD, most notably multiplication.The most important properties of BMD is that, like with BDDs, each function has exactly one canonical representation, and many operations can be efficiently performed on these representations.The main features that differentiate BMDs from BDDs are using linear instead of pointwise diagrams, and having weighted edges.The rules that ensure the canonicity of the representation are:Decision over variables higher in the ordering may only point to decisions over variables lower in the ordering.No two nodes may be identical (in normalization such nodes all references to one of these nodes should be replaced be references to another)No node may have all decision parts equivalent to 0 (links to such nodes should be replaced by links to their always part)No edge may have weight zero (all such edges should be replaced by direct links to 0)Weights of the edges should be coprime.

Binary mathematics

Binary form (disambiguation)

A binary expression tree is a specific kind of a binary tree used to represent expressions. Two common types of expressions that a binary expression tree can represent are algebraic and boolean. These trees can represent expressions that contain both unary and binary operators.Each node of a binary tree, and hence of a binary expression tree, has zero, one, or two children. This restricted structure simplifies the processing of expression trees.

Binasal occlusion is a method of partial covering (occlusion) of the visual field of the two eyes in which the sector of the visual field that is adjacent to the nose (the nasal visual field) is occluded for each eye. It is a well-known procedure in vision therapy.By blocking parts of the image that would be seen by both eyes, binocular occlusion reduces the visual stress that would be related diplopia and binocular rivalry.

Binary runtime environment for wireless

Binary constraint

Karlsruhe

Binary search

Binary logic elements

Binary compound

Mosque

Binary string

Binary logit model

Binary logging

Binary exponentation

Binary relations

Binary meter

Binary options trading platform

Binary Offset Carrier modulation (BOC modulation) was developed by John Betz, PhD, in order to allow interoperability of satellite navigation systems. It is currently used in the US GPS system, Indian IRNSS system and in Galileo and is a square sub-carrier modulation, where a signal is multiplied by a rectangular sub-carrier of frequency f s c {\displaystyle f_{sc}} equal or higher to the chip rate. Following this sub-carrier multiplication, the spectrum of the signal is divided into two parts, therefore BOC modulation is also known as a split-spectrum modulation.The main idea behind BOC modulation is to reduce the interference with BPSK-modulated signal, which has a sinc function shaped spectrum. Therefore, BPSK-modulated signals such as C/A GPS codes have most of their spectral energy concentrated around the carrier frequency, while BOC-modulated signals (used in Galileo system) have low energy around the carrier frequency and two main spectral lobes further away from the carrier (thus, the name of split-spectrum).BOC modulation has several variants: sine BOC (SinBOC), cosine BOC (CosBOC), Alternative BOC (AltBOC), multiplexed BOC (MBOC), Double BOC (DBOC) etc. and some of them have been currently selected for Galileo GNSS signals.A BOC waveform is typically denoted via BOC(m,n) or BOC ( f s c , f c ) {\displaystyle (f_{sc}\;,f_{c})} , where f s c {\displaystyle f_{sc}} is the sub-carrier frequency, f c {\displaystyle f_{c}} is the chip frequency, m = f s c / f r e f {\displaystyle m=f_{sc}/f_{ref}} , n = f c / f r e f {\displaystyle n=f_{c}/f_{ref}} , and f r e f = 1.023 {\displaystyle f_{ref}=1.023} Mcps is the reference chip frequency of C/A GPS signal.A sine BOC(1,1) modulation is similar to Manchester code, that is, in digital domain, a '+1' is encoded as a '+1 −1' sequence, and a '0' is encoded as a '−1 +1' sequence. For an arbitrary N B O C = 2 m / n {\displaystyle N_{BOC}=2m/n} modulation order, in sine BOC(m,n) case, a '+1' is encoded as an alternating sequence of '+1 −1 +1 −1 +1 ...', having N B O C {\displaystyle N_{BOC}} elements, and a '0' (or '−1') is encoded as an alternating '−1 +1 ...' sequence, also having N B O C {\displaystyle N_{BOC}} elements.BOC modulation is typically applied on CDMA signals, where each chip of the pseudorandom code is split into BOC sub-intervals, as explained above (i.e., there are N B O C {\displaystyle N_{BOC}} BOC intervals per chip).The power spectral density of a BOC-modulated signal depends on the BOC modulation order N B O C = 2 f s c f c = 2 m n {\displaystyle N_{BOC}=2{\frac {f_{sc}}{f_{c}}}=2{\frac {m}{n}}} and its derivation can be found, for example, in. BOC-modulated signals, by difference with BPSK signals, create the so-called ambiguities in the correlation function. The BOC-modulated signals in GNSS can be processed either with a Full BOC receiver or via various unambiguous approaches, discussed for example in.

Binary logarithm

Azerbaijan

In mathematics, a binary quadratic form is a quadratic form in two variables.

Binary name

Binatone is a British telecommunications company. Binatone was started in the United Kingdom in 1958 to import and distribute consumer electronics by two brothers, Gulu Lalvani and Partap Lalvani.In 1989 the company was divided, Partap and Gulu dividing the business geographically. Both then controlled their own Binatone groups operating in different parts of the world.Partap Lalvani's Binatone became Euro Suisse International in 1993. Today the product range consists of small electronics such as personal care products, cooking appliances and DECT telephones.Dino Lalvani's Binatone Communications Group is headquartered Hong Kong and has offices in London, Lummen, Indianapolis, New Delhi, Bangalore and Shenzhen. Main product categories are communication (landline, mobile), baby monitors, home monitors, pet training systems and multimedia (tablets, e-readers, GPS sat Nav). These products are sold under the brands Binatone, iDECT and Voxtel and the licensed brands Motorola and AEG.In 2008 the two Binatones celebrated their 50th anniversary. The two companies are now independent of each other.

Binary hash tree

Binary markup language

In astronomy, the binary mass function or simply mass function is a function that constrains the mass of the unseen component (typically a star or exoplanet) in a single-lined spectroscopic binary star or planetary system. It can be calculated from observable quantities only, namely the orbital period of the binary system, and the peak radial velocity of the observed star.

Binatli, Batman

Binary octahedral group

peek worst

DE127

Binat Bibi Mosque in 2007

In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search or logarithmic search, is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array.

Binary offset carrier

Binary search algorithm

Binary star system formation

Imperial

Binary large object

Binary splitting algorithm

Binary entropy

Binary polyhedral group

Official

Binary integer decimal

Binau in MOS.svg
Baden-Württemberg

Binary numeral

Binatum

Binary resolution

Binary ethylenimine (BEI) is a preparation of aziridine. It can be produced by heating bromoethylamine hydrobromide or 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate in the presence of sodium hydroxide (Gabriel method).

Head Coach

Binary interaction

Binary digit

Binasuan

Binary minor-planet

yes

Binary math

In astronomy, the binary mass function or simply mass function is a function that constrains the mass of the unseen component (typically a star or exoplanet) in a single-lined spectroscopic binary star or planetary system. It can be calculated from observable quantities only, namely the orbital period of the binary system, and the peak radial velocity of the observed star. The velocity of one binary component and the orbital period provide (limited) information on the separation and gravitational attraction between the two components, and hence on the masses of the components.

Binary options platform

In computing, binary translation (or (binary) recompilation) is the emulation of one instruction set by another through translation of binary code. Sequences of instructions are translated from the source to the target instruction set. In some cases such as instruction set simulation, the target instruction set may be the same as the source instruction set, providing testing and debugging features such as instruction trace, conditional breakpoints and hot spot detection.The two main types are static and dynamic binary translation. Translation can be done in hardware (for example, by circuits in a CPU) or in software (e.g. run-time engines, statical recompiler, emulators).

Location in Turkey

Two-way radios

Binary word

A binary explosive or two-component explosive is an explosive consisting of two components, neither of which is explosive by itself, which have to be mixed in order to become explosive.

Binat Bibi mosque

Binary vector (disambiguation)

Wappen Binau.png

Binary fission

Binary economics, also known as Two-factor Economics, is a theory of economics that endorses both private property and a free market but proposes significant reforms to the banking system.According to theories first proposed by Louis Kelso, widespread use of central bank-issued interest-free loans to fund employee-owned firms can finance economic growth whilst widening stock ownership in a way which binary economists believe will be non-inflationary.The term "binary" derived from its heterodox treatment of labor and capital (but not in the sense of binary opposition).

Binary quantic

Binary voting

Binary executable

Binational Health Week

Binary to text encoding

Binary objects (BO or binary large object = BLOB) are digital files from photos, graphics, films, sounds or any binary data in specific formats. There are many types of file converter and some of them are jpeg and gif as many people know it for. They have three steps is binary object that they work and they are: upload of binary object, metadata definition or import and data import data. Upload of binary objects can be standard formats. Image holds their data that they have been saved and they are usually separated of how the user uploads the image. Metadata definition or import locates the Binary object related to binary object as they have been organized. If they find a data that they are suitable in they will be ready for next process. Data import data sets title, principal investigator, method, and comment and references is needed in the process. Then the binary object can be added as pdf or txt file.

March 2016

Binary newsgroup

Binary stars in fiction

Binary fraction

Binau

Binary moment diagram

Binary tree (graph theory)

In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the binary numeral system or base-2 numeral system which represents numeric values using two different symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one). The base-2 system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used internally by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices.

Binary decision

Languages

In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the binary numeral system or base-2 numeral system which represents numeric values using two different symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one). The base-2 system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used internally by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices. Each digit is referred to as a bit.

Binary compounds of silicon

Binary images

Binary system (astronomy)

Binary measure

A binary file is a computer file that is not a text file. The term "binary file" is often used as a term meaning "non-text file". Many binary file formats contain parts that can be interpreted as text; for example, some computer document files containing formatted text, such as older Microsoft Word document files, contain the text of the document but also contain formatting information in binary form.

Telephone code

Binate function

Binational proposal

Binary digits

Binary pase shift keying

Birinci Lig, 14th

Bination, with reference to the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church, is the offering up of the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass twice on the same day by the same celebrant.

Binary pair

Binatisphinctes is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the Ammonite subclass.

Binary division

Binary options

Binat Bibi Mosque

In mathematics, the binary icosahedral group 2I or <2,3,5> is a certain nonabelian group of order 120.

Binary opposition

Binary semaphore

Given a probit model y=1[y* > 0] where y* = x1 β + zδ + u, and u ~ N(0,1), without losing generality, z can be represented as z = x1 θ1 + x2 θ2 + v. When u is correlated with v, there will be an issue of endogeneity. This can be caused by omitted variables and measurement errors. There are also many cases where z is partially determined by y and endogeneity issue arises.

Binary star system

Binat Bibi Mosque is the earliest surviving mosque in Dhaka built in 1454 by Bakht Binat, the daughter of Marhamat. It was during the rule of the Sultan of Bengal, Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah (r. 1435–1459). The mosque is located beside the Hayat Bepari's Bridge in Narinda area.

Buckmann 1921

Binary entropy function

Binary response model with continuous endogenous explanatory variables

Cephalopoda

Binary counter

tree

A binary protocol is a protocol which is intended or expected to be read by a machine rather than a human being, as opposed to a plain text protocol such as IRC, SMTP, or HTTP. Binary protocols have the advantage of terseness, which translates into speed of transmission and interpretation.Binary protocol is also used in the context of a protocol between exactly two parties, in contrast to a multi-party protocol.

Binary numbers

Binational

Paris as seen with binasal hemianopsia

BinaryLogarithm

Binary gender system

In computer science, a binary decision diagram (BDD) or branching program is a data structure that is used to represent a Boolean function. On a more abstract level, BDDs can be considered as a compressed representation of sets or relations. Unlike other compressed representations, operations are performed directly on the compressed representation, i.e. without decompression. Other data structures used to represent a Boolean function include negation normal form (NNF), and propositional directed acyclic graph (PDAG).

Binary variable

Binary weapon

Binary objects (BO or binary large object = BLOB) are digital files from photos, graphics, films, sounds or any binary data in specific formats. There are many types of file converter and some of them are jpeg and gif as many people know it for. They have three steps is binary object that they work and they are: upload of binary object, metadata definition or import and data import data. Upload of binary objects can be standard formats.

Binary explosives

Binary distribution is the presence of two or more very large and dominant cities in a country.

In mathematics, the binary logarithm (log2 n) is the power to which the number 2 must be raised to obtain the value n. That is, for any real number x, x = log 2 ⁡ n ⟺ 2 x = n . {\displaystyle x=\log _{2}n\quad \Longleftrightarrow \quad 2^{x}=n.} For example, the binary logarithm of 1 is 0, the binary logarithm of 2 is 1, the binary logarithm of 4 is 2, and the binary logarithm of 32 is 5.The binary logarithm is the logarithm to the base 2. The binary logarithm function is the inverse function of the power of two function. As well as log2, alternative notations for the binary logarithm include lg, ld, lb, and (with a prior statement that the default base is 2) log.Historically, the first application of binary logarithms was in music theory, by Leonhard Euler: the binary logarithm of a frequency ratio of two musical tones gives the number of octaves by which the tones differ. Binary logarithms can be used to calculate the length of the representation of a number in the binary numeral system, or the number of bits needed to encode a message in information theory. In computer science, they count the number of steps needed for binary search and related algorithms. Other areas in which the binary logarithm is frequently used include combinatorics, bioinformatics, the design of sports tournaments, and photography.Binary logarithms are included in the standard C mathematical functions and other mathematical software packages. The integer part of a binary logarithm can be found using the find first set operation on an integer value, or by looking up the exponent of a floating point value. The fractional part of the logarithm can be calculated efficiently.

Binary left right business model

In computer science, binary search, also known as half-interval search or logarithmic search, is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array. Binary search compares the target value to the middle element of the array; if they are unequal, the half in which the target cannot lie is eliminated and the search continues on the remaining half until it is successful or the remaining half is empty.Binary search runs in at worst logarithmic time, making O(log n) comparisons, where n is the number of elements in the array, the O is Big O notation, and log is the logarithm. Binary search takes only constant (O(1)) space, meaning that the space taken by the algorithm is the same for any number of elements in the array. Although specialized data structures designed for fast searching—such as hash tables—can be searched more efficiently, binary search applies to a wider range of search problems.Although the idea is simple, implementing binary search correctly requires attention to some subtleties about its exit conditions and midpoint calculation.There exist numerous variations of binary search. In particular, fractional cascading speeds up binary searches for the same value in multiple arrays, efficiently solving a series of search problems in computational geometry and numerous other fields. Exponential search extends binary search to unbounded lists. The binary search tree and B-tree data structures are based on binary search.

Binary format

Electronics

Binary distribution (disambiguation)

Togo
Religions

Binary cycle plant

Binasal hemianopia

Binary set

Binary matroid

Binary minor planet

Binary plasmid

Partap Lalvani

Binary hydride

In mathematics, the binary logarithm (log2 n) is the power to which the number 2 must be raised to obtain the value n. That is, for any real number x, x = log 2 ⁡ n ⟺ 2 x = n .

Binary system (disambiguation)

A binary heap is a heap data structure that takes the form of a binary tree. Binary heaps are a common way of implementing priority queues. The binary heap was introduced by J. W. J.

A binary repository manager is a software tool designed to optimize the download and storage of binary files used and produced in software development. It centralizes the management of all the binary artifacts generated and used by the organization to overcome the complexity arising from the diversity of binary artifact types, their position in the overall workflow and the dependencies between them.A binary repository is a software repository for packages, artifacts and their corresponding metadata. It can be used to store binary files produced by an organization itself, such as product releases and nightly product builds, or for third party binaries which must be treated differently for both technical and legal reasons.

Binary synchronous

Binary game

Binary safe

Binary pulsars

In mathematics, a binary function also called bivariate function, or function of two variables, is a function that takes two inputs.Precisely stated, a function f {\displaystyle f} is binary if there exists sets X , Y , Z {\displaystyle X,Y,Z} such that f : X × Y → Z {\displaystyle \,f\colon X\times Y\rightarrow Z} where X × Y {\displaystyle X\times Y} is the Cartesian product of X {\displaystyle X} and Y . {\displaystyle Y.}

Binary loader

Binary operator

Binary numbers and letters

Binary shift

Binary trees

A binary heap is a heap data structure that takes the form of a binary tree. Binary heaps are a common way of implementing priority queues. The binary heap was introduced by J. W. J. Williams in 1964, as a data structure for the heapsort.A binary heap is defined as a binary tree with two additional constraints:Shape property: a binary heap is a complete binary tree; that is, all levels of the tree, except possibly the last one (deepest) are fully filled, and, if the last level of the tree is not complete, the nodes of that level are filled from left to right.Heap property: the key stored in each node is either greater than or equal to (≥) or less than or equal to (≤) the keys in the node's children, according to some total order.Heaps where the parent key is greater than or equal to (≥) the child keys are called max-heaps; those where it is less than or equal to (≤) are called min-heaps. Efficient (logarithmic time) algorithms are known for the two operations needed to implement a priority queue on a binary heap: inserting an element, and removing the smallest (largest) element from a min-heap (max-heap). Binary heaps are also commonly employed in the heapsort sorting algorithm, which is an in-place algorithm owing to the fact that binary heaps can be implemented as an implicit data structure, storing keys in an array and using their relative positions within that array to represent child-parent relationships.

Binatli Yilmaz S.K.

Mollusca

Binary gcd algorithm

Binary signal

Binary neuron

Binary splitting method

Binary splitting

Binary noun

Binary icosahedral group

Binary prefixes

Binary scientific notation

Binary exponential backoff

Binary scaling is a computer programming technique used mainly by embedded C, DSP and assembler programmers to perform a pseudo floating point using integer arithmetic.

The binary collision approximation (BCA) signifies a method used in ion irradiation physics to enable efficient computer simulation of the penetration depth and defect production by energetic (with kinetic energies in the kilo-electronvolt (keV) range or higher) ions in solids. In the method, the ion is approximated to travel through a material by experiencing a sequence of independent binary collisions with sample atoms (nuclei). Between the collisions, the ion is assumed to travel in a straight path, experiencing electronic stopping power, but losing no energy in collisions with nuclei.

Binary pattern is an image produced by a formula that includes binary operations and results in a 32-bit integer number. These patterns are closely tied to the 32-bit RGB color system. These patterns may be used with any integer numbers.The most simple pattern is x or y, result of which will be pixel color (in RGB), where x and y represent coordinates of image pixel we search.x or y operation where x and y are 32-bit numbers is per-bit or. For example, if we have 108 (1101100) and 226 (11100010) then 108 or 226 is 238 (11101110). This pattern is not restricted only to 2D, and can be extended into higher dimensions such as 3D.

Binary prioritization is a sorting algorithm which prioritizes to-do tasks.Unlike other Binary Sort methods (e.g. binary search) this method assumes that the deferred work will be prioritized in a later process, but their order is not relevant in the first iteration. The faster processing of classified and important tasks is achieved by reducing the cost of sorting by not sorting the subset of the less important tasks. In each iteration, the cost is reduced by the sorted elements.

Binary scaling

Binary knapsack problem

Binary Operation

Binary protocol

Binatlı, Batman

Binary tetrahedral group

Binary gender

Binary linear code

Binatone is a British telecommunications company. Binatone was started in the United Kingdom in 1958 to import and distribute consumer electronics by two brothers, Gulu Lalvani and Partap Lalvani.In 1989 the company was divided, Partap and Gulu dividing the business geographically. Both then controlled their own Binatone groups operating in different parts of the world.Partap Lalvani's Binatone became Euro Suisse International in 1993.

Binary compounds of silicon are binary chemical compounds containing just silicon and another chemical element. Technically the term silicide is reserved for any compounds containing silicon bonded to a more electropositive element. Binary silicon compounds can be grouped into several classes. Saltlike silicides are formed with group 1 and group 2 elements.

Binary golay code

Binary cycle power plant

Binary delta compression (BDC) is a technology used in software deployment for distributing patches.

Visualization of the binary search algorithm where 7 is the target value.

Binary logit

A binary opposition (also binary system) is a pair of related terms or concepts that are opposite in meaning. Binary opposition is the system by which, in language and thought, two theoretical opposites are strictly defined and set off against one another. It is the contrast between two mutually exclusive terms, such as on and off, up and down, left and right. Binary opposition is an important concept of structuralism, which sees such distinctions as fundamental to all language and thought. In structuralism, a binary opposition is seen as a fundamental organizer of human philosophy, culture, and language.Binary opposition originated in Saussurean structuralist theory. According to Ferdinand de Saussure, the binary opposition is the means by which the units of language have value or meaning; each unit is defined in reciprocal determination with another term, as in binary code. It is not a contradictory relation but a structural, complementary one. Saussure demonstrated that a sign's meaning is derived from its context (syntagmatic dimension) and the group (paradigm) to which it belongs. An example of this is that one cannot conceive of 'good' if we do not understand 'evil'.Typically, one of the two opposites assumes a role of dominance over the other. The categorization of binary oppositions is "often value-laden and ethnocentric", with an illusory order and superficial meaning. Furthermore, Pieter Fourie discovered that binary oppositions have a deeper or second level of binaries that help to reinforce meaning. As an example, the concepts hero and villain involve secondary binaries: good/bad, handsome/ugly, liked/disliked, and so on.

The binasuan is a Filipino folk dance in which the performer holds full wine glasses in each hand while performing balancing tricks. Wine may be used to fill the glasses, but other liquids may be substituted. The arms are rotated over and under the shoulder in order to keep the palms facing up so as not to spill the liquid while nevertheless allowing the radius to cross over the ulna via pronation. Binasuan originated in Pangasinan and is popular at festive events such as weddings.Since the binasuan inverts the arm through rotation, it is sometimes given as a macroscopic, physical demonstration of the rotation properties of a spin-½ spinor. As the liquid never spills, the rotation can all occur within the same plane. Upon a rotation of 2π radians, the elbow changes between pointing up and down. Upon a rotation of 4π radians, the palm "doubly covers" the shoulder, and the elbow points in its original direction.The best Binasuan Dancers are the Dancers of Holy Family Center of Studies, Lavezares, Northern Samar.

Binary prioritization

Binary compatible

Binary log

Binary planets

Binary form

Binary counting system

Binary goldbach conjecture

Binary symmetric channel

Binary tree (data structure)

A binary moment diagram (BMD) is a generalization of the binary decision diagram (BDD) to linear functions over domains such as booleans (like BDDs), but also to integers or to real numbers.They can deal with boolean functions with complexity comparable to BDDs, but also some functions that are dealt with very inefficiently in a BDD are handled easily by BMD, most notably multiplication.The most important properties of BMD is that, like with BDDs, each function has exactly one canonical representation, and many operations can be efficiently performed on these representations.The main features that differentiate BMDs from BDDs are using linear instead of pointwise diagrams, and having weighted edges.The rules that ensure the canonicity of the representation are:Decision over variables higher in the ordering may only point to decisions over variables lower in the ordering.No two nodes may be identical (in normalization such nodes all references to one of these nodes should be replaced be references to another)No node may have all decision parts equivalent to 0 (links to such nodes should be replaced by links to their always part)No edge may have weight zero (all such edges should be replaced by direct links to 0)Weights of the edges should be coprime. Without this rule or some equivalent of it, it would be possible for a function to have many representations, for example 2x + 2 could be represented as 2 · (1 + x) or 1 · (2 + 2x).

A binary recompiler is a computer program that takes executable binary files as input, analyzes their structure, applies transformations and optimizations, and outputs new optimized executable binaries. Binary recompilation was introduced by Gary Kildall in the 1980s.

Binary cycle geothermal plant

Binary matrix

Binary form is a musical form in two related sections, both of which are usually repeated. Binary is also a structure used to choreograph dance. In music this is usually performed as A-A-B-B.Binary form was popular during the Baroque period, often used to structure movements of keyboard sonatas. It was also used for short, one-movement works. Around the middle of the 18th century, the form largely fell from use as the principal design of entire movements as sonata form and organic development gained prominence. When it is found in later works, it usually takes the form of the theme in a set of variations, or the Minuet, Scherzo, or Trio sections of a Minuet and Trio or Scherzo and Trio movement in a sonata, symphony, etc. Many larger forms incorporate binary structures, and many more complicated forms (such as sonata forms) share certain characteristics with binary form.

A binary repository manager is a software tool designed to optimize the download and storage of binary files used and produced in software development.

*B.
*B.

Binary hardening

A binary protocol is a protocol which is intended or expected to be read by a machine rather than a human being, as opposed to a plain text protocol such as IRC, SMTP, or HTTP. Binary protocols have the advantage of terseness, which translates into speed of transmission and interpretation.Binary protocol is also used in the context of a protocol between exactly two parties, in contrast to a multi-party protocol. Binary protocol, or binary collaboration have been used in the terminology of standards such as EbXML and EDOC. An interface in UML may also be considered a binary protocol.

Binary hardening is a software security technique in which binary files are analyzed and modified to protect against common exploits. Binary hardening is independent of compilers and involves the entire toolchain. For example, one binary hardening technique is to detect potential buffer overflows and to substitute in safer code.

Binary plant

Binary ethylenimine

Binary search trees

Binary operators

In mathematics, the binary tetrahedral group, denoted 2T or ⟨2,3,3⟩ is a certain nonabelian group of order 24. It is an extension of the tetrahedral group T or (2,3,3) of order 12 by a cyclic group of order 2, and is the preimage of the tetrahedral group under the 2:1 covering homomorphism Spin(3) → SO(3) of the special orthogonal group by the spin group. It follows that the binary tetrahedral group is a discrete subgroup of Spin(3) of order 24. The complex reflection group named 3(24)3 by G.C. Shephard or 3[3]3 and by Coxeter, is isomorphic to the binary tetrahedral group.The binary tetrahedral group is most easily described concretely as a discrete subgroup of the unit quaternions, under the isomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) ≅ Sp ⁡ ( 1 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\cong \operatorname {Sp} (1)} where Sp(1) is the multiplicative group of unit quaternions. (For a description of this homomorphism see the article on quaternions and spatial rotations.)

Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis

Binary hardening is a software security technique in which binary files are analyzed and modified to protect against common exploits. Binary hardening is independent of compilers and involves the entire toolchain. For example, one binary hardening technique is to detect potential buffer overflows and to substitute in safer code. The advantage of manipulating binaries is that vulnerabilities in legacy code can be fixed automatically without the need for source code, which may be unavailable or obfuscated. Secondly, the same techniques can be applied to binaries from multiple compilers, some of which may be less secure than others.Binary hardening often involves the non-deterministic modification of control flow and instruction addresses so as to prevent attackers from successfully reusing program code to perform exploits.

In computer science, binary space partitioning (BSP) is a method for recursively subdividing a space into convex sets by hyperplanes. This subdivision gives rise to a representation of objects within the space by means of a tree data structure known as a BSP tree.Binary space partitioning was developed in the context of 3D computer graphics, where the structure of a BSP tree allows spatial information about the objects in a scene that is useful in rendering, such as their ordering from front-to-back with respect to a viewer at a given location, to be accessed rapidly. Other applications include performing geometrical operations with shapes (constructive solid geometry) in CAD, collision detection in robotics and 3-D video games, ray tracing and other computer applications that involve handling of complex spatial scenes.
In computer science, binary space partitioning (BSP) is a method for recursively subdividing a space into convex sets by hyperplanes.

In mathematics, the binary octahedral group, name as 2O or <2,3,4> is a certain nonabelian group of order 48. It is an extension of the octahedral group O or (2,3,4) of order 24 by a cyclic group of order 2, and is the preimage of the octahedral group under the 2:1 covering homomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) → SO ⁡ ( 3 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\to \operatorname {SO} (3)} of the special orthogonal group by the spin group. It follows that the binary octahedral group is a discrete subgroup of Spin(3) of order 48.The binary octahedral group is most easily described concretely as a discrete subgroup of the unit quaternions, under the isomorphism Spin ⁡ ( 3 ) ≅ Sp ⁡ ( 1 ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spin} (3)\cong \operatorname {Sp} (1)} where Sp(1) is the multiplicative group of unit quaternions. (For a description of this homomorphism see the article on quaternions and spatial rotations.)

Binational Solution

Binary insertion sort

Binary pulsar

Binary logic (disambiguation)

Binary file editor

Binary logic

Binary field

Subgenus

Binary order

The binary collision approximation (BCA) signifies a method used in ion irradiation physics to enable efficient computer simulation of the penetration depth and defect production by energetic (with kinetic energies in the kilo-electronvolt (keV) range or higher) ions in solids. In the method, the ion is approximated to travel through a material by experiencing a sequence of independent binary collisions with sample atoms (nuclei).

Binary radian

In mathematics, a binary function also called bivariate function, or function of two variables, is a function that takes two inputs.Precisely stated, a function f {\displaystyle f} is binary if there exists sets X , Y , Z {\displaystyle X,Y,Z} such that f : X × Y → Z {\displaystyle \,f\colon X\times Y\rightarrow Z} where X × Y {\displaystyle X\times Y} is the Cartesian product of X {\displaystyle X} and Y .

A Binary Large OBject (BLOB) is a collection of binary data stored as a single entity in a database management system. Blobs are typically images, audio or other multimedia objects, though sometimes binary executable code is stored as a blob. Database support for blobs is not universal.Blobs were originally just big amorphous chunks of data invented by Jim Starkey at DEC, who describes them as "the thing that ate Cincinnati, Cleveland, or whatever" from "the 1958 Steve McQueen movie", referring to The Blob. Later, Terry McKiever, a marketing person for Apollo, felt that it needed to be an acronym and invented the backronym Basic Large Object. Then Informix invented an alternative backronym, Binary Large Object.The data type and definition was introduced to describe data not originally defined in traditional computer database systems, particularly because it was too large to store practically at the time the field of database systems was first being defined in the 1970s and 1980s. The data type became practical when disk space became cheap. This definition gained popularity with IBM's DB2.

Binary ethylenimine (BEI) is a preparation of aziridine. It can be produced by heating bromoethylamine hydrobromide or 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate in the presence of sodium hydroxide (Gabriel method). It contains at least one three-membered ring which is very reactive because of the ring strain.It is used to inactivate the foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccines for cattle, as well as other viruses and mycoplasma in blood samples.Contrary to early assumptions that ethylenimines only modified nucleic acids, it was found that trimeric ethyleimine also alters proteins in virus preparations, especially at higher pH values. The modification of the proteins affected viral particle uptake into cells. This should be taken into consideration when using BEI and other ethyleneimines as well.

A.V.Malyshev

Binary independence condition

Binary feature

Binary exponentiation

Binary cycle geothermal power plant

Binary file transfer

A binary constraint, in mathematical optimization, is a constraint that involves exactly two variables.For example, consider the n-queens problem, where the goal is to place n chess queens on an n-by-n chessboard such that none of the queens can attack each other (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally). The formal set of constraints are therefore "Queen 1 can't attack Queen 2", "Queen 1 can't attack Queen 3", and so on between all pairs of queens.

Binary hydrides

A binary opposition (also binary system) is a pair of related terms or concepts that are opposite in meaning. Binary opposition is the system by which, in language and thought, two theoretical opposites are strictly defined and set off against one another. It is the contrast between two mutually exclusive terms, such as on and off, up and down, left and right. Binary opposition is an important concept of structuralism, which sees such distinctions as fundamental to all language and thought.

Binary editor

Binary integer programs

Binary vectors

Binary planet

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Binary heap

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Binary number system

In mathematics, the binary octahedral group, name as 2O or <2,3,4> is a certain nonabelian group of order 48.

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