Biology at War: The Mystery of Yellow Rain
In the summer of 2000 the Roman city of Zeugma all but disappeared under the flood waters of the Birecik Dam. Horizon tells the story of a team of archaeologists' final visit, struggling to save what they could before the dam waters rose.

Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian , all varieties of Serbo-Croatian

The first of two programmes As HMS Ark Royal is harassed by an enemy submarine, Admiral White's response, as Joint Force Commander, is governed by the 'Rules of Engagement' filtering down from Whitehall. Exercise Purple Warrior involves 20,000 men and 39 ships. Their task is to evacuate UK nationals peacefully from 'Kaig' and, if possible, to avoid war. With cameras at the actual Command Centre used for the Falklands war, on HMS Ark Royal, on HMS Intrepid and on windswept 'Kaig', Horizon observes how London attempts to maintain control of a worsening situation.
Horizon reports on the abnormally high occurrence of senile dementia and Parkinson's disease on the Pacific island of Guam that scientists believe is linked to a poison in the native cycad fruit.
There's something very odd going on in space – something that shouldn't be possible. It is as though vast swathes of the universe are being hoovered up by a vast and unseen celestial vacuum cleaner. Sasha Kashlinsky, the scientist who discovered the phenomenon, is understandably nervous: 'It left us quite unsettled and jittery' he says, 'because this is not something we planned to find'. The accidental discovery of what is ominously being called 'dark flow' not only has implications for the destinies of large numbers of galaxies – it also means that large numbers of scientists might have to find a new way of understanding the universe. Dark flow is the latest in a long line of phenomena that have threatened to rewrite the textbooks. Does it herald a new era of understanding, or does it simply mean that everything we know about the universe is wrong?
A look at the world's leading hibernation research projects shows that the apparently simple business of dozing off for the winter is, in fact, an extremely difficult trick to learn. The only hope is that the whole process is triggered by a special 'hibernation hormone'. It hasn't been found yet, but more than one laboratory is hot on the trail.

Styche playing for Wycombe Wanderers in 2014

Cat Watch 2014: The New Horizon Experiment: Cat Talk
Every day, on average, another 431 British women start taking the contraceptive pill. The manufacturers insist that it is the most carefully tested drug on the market today. But some scientists and doctors are concerned about the potential long-term effects of taking it.
For sufferers of Parkinson's Disease, hope lies in a new experimental operation - a brain transplant - and the first on a human being is just about to take place. This remarkable technique may one day also treat patients with Alzheimer's Disease, strokes and paralysing spinal cord injuries, yet promises to be surrounded by controversy because of the source of the transplanted tissue.
Physicist Helen Czerski and meteorologist John Hammond investigate why the British weather appears to have become more extreme and if it has anything to do with climate change. They examine the impact of the jet stream's strange behaviour, revealing what is causing it, and attempt to find out if severe winters are going to become more common.
Looking at the radical scheme of reintroducing predator animals close to human dwellings around the world, and the benefits following the reintroduction of Wolves back to Yellowstone National Park.

Screenshot of Windows 98 displaying its desktop, taskbar, and channel bar.

A fire in a skyscraper is one of the greatest challenges known to firefighters, and the decision to send crews into these towering infernos can result in tragic consequences. However, after ten years of research, Edinburgh University's Professor Jose Torero claims to have invented a revolutionary new method of protecting firefighters that has the potential to save thousands of lives. This programme takes an in-depth look at Torero's system in an attempt to see whether it could, as he believes, give man the upper hand against nature.
Shortly before his death in Feb. 1988, the scientist Richard Feynman talked about his ten year fascination with Tannu Tuva, a Shangri-La on the edge of Mongolia, which very few westerners have ever seen. Also released by PBS' NOVA months later.
The opening title of the TV series Six million dollar Man is an actual crash, of the M2-F2 lifting body. HORIZON interviews the pilot, Bruce Peterson, and looks at progress in creating artificial limbs and organs.
This story by Horizon looks at the expanding and controversial area of "smart drugs".

Queen Boudicca's daughter wants to help the Sparticles fight against Queen Kylie but she urgently needs to return to her own dimension to fight the Romans. Serena, Reese and HoloDora send Bua home, to Sadiq's dismay, of losing their fifth sensitive, and to Aris' annoyance that Reese did not allow him to help send Bua home. Serena and Ernesto take Fizzy and Byran's jeep and part ways which they go to the citadel to rescue Orion, while Sadiq and the others search for the sixth sensitive.

Note: Erimon is absent in this episode.

Note: Guest Appearance of Bua.

Note: Frankie gives her rabbit, Roger, to the Fisher Tribe making it his final appearance

Sir David Attenborough reveals the findings of one of the most ambitious scientific studies of our time – an investigation into what is happening to our oceans. He looks at whether it is too late to save their remarkable biodiversity. Horizon travels from the cold waters of the North Atlantic to the tropical waters of the Great Barrier Reef to meet the scientists who are transforming our understanding of this unique habitat. Attenborough explores some of the ways in which we are affecting marine life – from over-fishing to the acidification of sea water. The film also uncovers the disturbing story of how shipping noise is deafening whales and dolphins, affecting their survival in the future.
An investigation of the effects that a Dirty bomb would have on London if it were exploded in Trafalgar Square.

Best MMO of 2008 Beckett Massive Online Gamer

Astronauts saw them on the way to the moon. Television screens across the world carried dramatic pictures of them on New Year's Eve 1978. Unidentified flying objects - UFOs - undoubtedly exist. The question is: what are they? In most cases those who see UFOs are not mad or drunk, but responsible adults who are sincerely convinced that they have witnessed something very strange. And the sightings are not just visual - UFOs have been photographed, filmed and tracked on radar. So are these sightings evidence of spacecraft from other worlds-or of something more down to earth? Tonight's programme examines some of the more classic UFO cases and comes up with at least one rather startling possibility.
Everest: Doctors in the Death Zone Part 2
Doctors to Be, 3: Welcome to the Real World
An examination of the varying uses being made of the huge amount of information now available in databases ie predictive analytics. In Los Angeles, police officers are taking part in an experiment to predict crime before it even happens, one City of London trader believes he has found the secret of making billions with mathematics, and astronomers in South Africa are attempting to catalogue the entire universe.
Famed for their ability to inflict Armageddon from outer space, asteroids are now revealing the secrets of how they are responsible for both life and death on our planet. Armed with an array of powerful telescopes, scientists are finding up to 3000 new asteroids every night. And some are heading our way. But astronomers have discovered that it's not the giant rocks that are the greatest danger – it's the small asteroids that pose a more immediate threat to Earth. Researchers have explained the photon propulsion that propels these rocks across space, and have discovered that some asteroids are carrying a mysterious cargo of frost and ice across the solar system that could have helped start life on earth.

Consumer Durables and Information Technology

Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, England

Horizon takes a look at science in the spirit of Christmas.

The Questers are intrigued by Head Boy Jeremy and his posh boarding school. However, they are soon locked out and Jordan has left the tribe to become a true public school believer. Camped outside the school, ex-pupils Ernesto and his rebel gang recruit the Sparticles to overthrow Jeremy's regime and rescue the Unsuitables - the 'less-than-perfects' who do the dirty work for Jeremy and his cadets. The Ranchers at the City Hotel work out how to bypass the first door at the Sparticle Project. Working with Anita at the university, they come up with an ingenious solution, but now they need to get the key to the Questers out on the road.
Note: Guest Appearance of Ernesto and Anita

Horizon Revisited, The Human Genome Project
Horizon Revisited, Dawn of the Dinosaurs

Reese appearing in a Kraft Foods commercial, 1977.

If at First You Don't Succeed... You Don't Succeed
The research of Dr Mary Schweitzer, who found soft tissue and red blood cells in the fossilised bones of a 68-million-year-old T rex, a breakthrough that wouldn't have looked out of place in Jurassic Park. Her work is revolutionising scientific understanding of dinosaurs and the palaeontologist believes she may also have found traces of the creatures' DNA.
Covering the physics behind weather patterns and cloud-doctoring experiments.
Horizon looks at evidence that seems to show that diving can cause long term damage to the brain and spinal cord, even in shallow waters.
Of the one-and-a-half million operations carried out in Britain every year it is estimated that from two to twenty per cent result in wound infection, which can lead to septicemia and in some cases death. Surgeons today perform operations which would have seemed miraculous only a few years ago: but even now, a century after Joseph Lister published the first accounts of his revolutionary technique of antiseptic surgery, infection after operations is a menace, probably costing the Health Service £6 million every year. Tonight's programme investigates both the techniques used to prevent infection during an actual operation and research into the causes of infection which still trouble British hospitals.

Ami lapses into a diabetic coma and the Questers rush him to hospital to find some insulin. Switching a generator on in the hospital may just have cost one baby his life. The kids running the hospital need fuel to run the generators to keep the babies alive. Aware of the ticking clock to get to the Project but desperate to put things right, the Questers undertake a dangerous mission as a solution. They have to distract a German shepherd dog who is guarding a yard full of petrol lorries. Meanwhile, it is Tia's fifteenth birthday. Will she be transported to join the adults in a parallel dimension?

Probiotic, superfood, organic: what do all these labels on food mean, apart from making a product more expensive? Professor Lesley Regan, who tested beauty products in a previous episode, tests a variety of supermarket products for their supposed health benefits.
It's a palaeontologist's dream: the chance to live in a world where dinosaurs are not something to be dug out of the ground but are living among us. It may sound far-fetched but dinosaurs were actually rather unlucky. The meteorite impact that doomed them to extinction was an event with a probability of millions to one. What if the meteorite had missed? Had dinosaurs survived, the world today would be very different. If humans managed to survive alongside them, we wouldn't have the company of most, if not all, of the mammals with which we are familiar today. Giraffes, elephants and other mammals wouldn't have had space to evolve. Would we be hunting Hadrosaurs instead of elk? Or farming Protoceratops instead of pigs? Would dinosaurs be kept as pets? And could the brighter dinosaurs have evolved into something humanoid?
First in a three-part Horizon Special series on the Soviet manned space programme, looking at the story of the projects, cosmonauts and engineers involved.
It's almost inconceivable, with our climate, that we should be in danger of a water shortage. Yet some areas already suffer a semi-drought every summer, industrial development is threatened, and the situation is certainly going to get worse. There is, of course, no shortage of rain here, but most of it runs to waste down our rivers, and with land at such a premium the construction of new reservoirs can no longer be expected to match the increasing demand. There are alternatives, numbers of them, but each provides the engineers and scientists with a complexity of problems. Controlling the flow of a river may radically change, even destroy, its wildlife. Placing barrages across our biggest estuaries like the Wash and Morecambe Bay may do the same and more. At Morecambe they are investigating the very real possibility that the ports of Heysham and Barrow-in-Furness may be silted up completely. Horizon looks at the work of our scientists as they try to unravel the problems of providing us with more water.
Where did the inhabitants of Easter Island come from and how did they create its celebrated stone statues?
The second programme of the three-part scientific study reveals the wild side of domestic cats, with GPS trackers and mini-cameras showing how they transform from pet to predator as soon as they leave the house. Liz Bonnin and the team of experts put Ozzy and Smudge under surveillance to find out who's king of the street, and explain why cats' hunting instincts cannot be kept under control.

Uttar Pradesh district location map Gonda.svg

An extraordinary film shows the hazardous existence of a caterpillar Thaumetopoea Pityocampa, but the wake of destruction it leaves behind in its struggle for survival has forced French biologists to declare war on the species.
Each year in Britain four million animals, including rats, mice, rabbits, dogs and monkeys are used for animal experiments; their bodies are the testing ground for new products as well as for the advance of scientific knowledge. Scientists maintain that without these animal experiments our future health and safety would be dangerously at risk. Yet to many of us the very idea of animals being used in this way is repugnant. Are all these animal experiments essential or useful? Could they be replaced by cell cultures, computer models and other sophisticated laboratory techniques which would relieve or remove that suffering and death? Does it have to be either our well-being or animal welfare? An investigation into the alternatives to that cruel choice.
Child psychologist Laverne Antrobus uses excerpts from the Horizon archive to demonstrate how science has shaped parenting and education methods over the past 50 years. She considers which approach is best for raising children, explores how extreme behaviour can be explained by neurological problems, and finds out the effects of a child-centred environment on learning.
Bird Brain, The Mystery of Bird Navigation
People assume they are in control of their lives, deciding what they want and when they want it – but scientists now claim this is simply an illusion. Experiments reveal that what a person does and what they think can be very different, with the unconscious mind often influencing the decisions they make, from what they eat to who they fall in love with. Horizon reveals to what extent people really do control their own destiny.

Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg

A history of space exploration starting from the dawn of the space age in 1957 with the launch of Sputnik to the Space Shuttle Columbia. Mainly using excerpts from newsreels and television programmes the story covers Laika, Jupiter-C, Yuri Gagarin, Alan Shepard, John Glenn, Alexey Leonov, Edward White, Apollo 1, Vladimir Komarov, Apollo 8, Apollo 10, Apollo 11, Apollo 13, Apollo 17, Skylab, Salyut and Voyager 1. It includes interviews and broadcasts from Sir Bernard Lovell, James Burke, Frank Borman, Brian Aldiss, Hugh Trevor-Roper, Barbara Ward, Carl Sagan and Patrick Moore.
Horizon discovers what your cat really does get up to beyond the cat flap. In this groundbreaking experiment, fifty cats in a Surrey village are tagged with GPS collars and their every movement is recorded, day and night, as they hunt in our backyards and patrol the garden fences and hedgerows. Cats are also fitted with specially developed cat-cams, revealing their unique view of the world.

A postcode given to Reese via Psychic Sarah at the fairground leads the Questers to a simulator where scientists were trained how to run the Sparticle Project. Ami, Jordan and Holly get trapped in the room with the prototype collider's super-cooling systems running and the temperature plummeting towards absolute zero. At the City Hotel, a fox has been at the chickens and the children decide to trap it. This is very tricky, but when they finally track down the animal and are set to destroy it, they decide on a better course of action.
Note: Callum is absent for this episode

Cat Watch 2014: The New Horizon Experiment: The Lion in Your Lap
British Afro-Caribbeans are ten times more likely to develop schizophrenia than the rest of the population, according to a psychiatric study in Nottingham. Black critics claim that white psychiatrists are misdiagnosing black people and that the report is a classic example of racism in medicine. They also warn that the report may do untold harm to our race relations. The Nottingham researchers believe that their findings could provide a clue to the causes of this mysterious and terrible form of madness. Are their conclusions valid and should the research have been done?
Horizon Revisited, Mega Tsunami: Coming to a Beach near You
An American ex-bell boy, Ted Serios claims to be able to project his thoughts on to film and TV cameras. For five years he has worked with a reputable psychiatrist, and academic staff of Denver University, who believe the phenomenon is genuine; undoubtedly pictures are produced. For two days in the U.S., Horizon filmed Serios trying to convert his thoughts to pictures. Is this a case for science to take seriously? Or is he a trickster?
An investigation into recent biosensor technologies.
Feynman, The Pleasure of Finding Things Out
Documentary about the physiological and psychological effects of living in a zero-g space station, built around NASA library film from Project Skylab. Skylab astronauts and other experts discuss the ultimate limitation on spaceflight duration, as well as the exhilaration of being free of gravity.
Since 1988 Professor Manfred Korfmann has been excavating the site of Troy. He has made various discoveries - how large the city was, how well it was defended and that there was once a great battle there at the time that experts believe the Trojan war occurred. But who had attacked the city and why? Horizon then follows the clues - the ancient tablets written by a lost civilisation, a sunken ship rich in treasure, and the golden masks and bronze swords of a warrior people. The film reaches its conclusion in a tunnel deep beneath Troy, where Korfmann has made a discovery that may reveal the truth behind the myth.
Each year In Britain thousands of strays are destroyed-yet medical research is desperately short of experimental animals. Some American doctors argue that our research is held back by a lack of suitable animals. Is this true? How necessary is vivisection? Is it cruel? Could research still be done without the laboratory animal? Horizon reports tonight from America and Britain on the antivivisection lobby and the medical research that many argue would be impossible without the use of 'man's best friends'.
The most popular way in which human intelligence is measured is the 10 test, but is this the most effective? A growing number of psychologists argue that the assessment only tells half the story because no-one can quite agree on what intelligence is. After an examination of the most recent theories, this programme conducts an experiment on seven highly-qualified people from different occupations, including a fighter pilot, a Wall Street trader, a chess grandmaster and a quantum physicist. Each is put through a series of tests based on the latest research to determine who has the highest intelligence. But are the results conclusive?
We are bad at making decisions. According to science, our decisions are based on oversimplification, laziness and prejudice. And that's assuming that we haven't already been hijacked by our surroundings or led astray by our subconscious! Featuring exclusive footage of experiments that show how our choices can be confounded by temperature, warped by post-rationalisation and even manipulated by the future, Horizon presents a guide to better decision making, and introduces you to Mathematician Garth Sundem, who is convinced that conclusions can best be reached using simple maths and a pencil!
How can science help in the investigation of political kidnappings and mass murder? Argentina's military juntas were responsible for torturing and killing over 10,000 people. Today their bones are their only witnesses. By exhuming unmarked graves, forensic scientists are identifying individual victims and finding important evidence to bring those responsible to justice. Many of the 'Children of the Disappeared' have survived because they were illegally taken by military families who may have been involved in their parents' murder. When grandparents eventually trace their grandchildren, the only way they can get them back is to prove their real identity by genetic testing.
If you are born into a working class family, from your first breath you are at greater risk of dying than the baby of professional parents. At all ages, death has a class bias. The NHS has made no difference to the health gap between the social classes. Is the gap because of the way people behave - eating chips, smoking - or is it the result of poverty and deprivation? Does stress matter, and if so, what kind? Can unemployment kill? Horizon investigates the theories behind the shocking statistics and asks if the will is there to do anything about them.
Solar Storms: The Threat to Planet Earth
Mystery still surrounds the killer disease of coronary thrombosis. It strikes without warning and claims increasing numbers of victims each year. What progress is being made towards the conquest of coronary thrombosis, which, with other similar diseases, is responsible for one in every two deaths in this country?
In England addicts get their heroin, and often cocaine, on the National Health Service: our system has prevented the growth of a drug-based criminal world, but Americans say that our system only worked when we did not have a serious addiction problem. Now we do. Does our present system make It too easy for the casual drug experimenter to become a hard-core addict? Is there anything we can learn from the American situation? Horizon, with the guidance of a British psychiatrist, looks at some of the lessons which treatment centres in the U.S. can teach us.

* Bremen Airport
* Düsseldorf Airport
* Erfurt-Weimar Airport
* Hamburg Airport
* London Gatwick Airport

Horizon examines the rise of the microprocessor and asks if automation presents a problem for the future of British industry.
Was the response to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome outbreak of 2003 appropriate?
Horizon conducts its own experiment to see if the alternative medicine has any scientific basis.
Horizon Revisited, Back to the Dark Ages

Not a government member; the High Representative is an international civilian overseer of the Dayton peace agreement with authority to dismiss elected and non-elected officials and enact legislation.

Part of the Doctors to Be series. After two years of medical training, the medical students are put into the 'real world' of a surgical ward at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington.

Dally M Representative Player of the Year

The Mind of a Murderer, 2: The Mask of Madness
Recent discoveries have shown that Mars has all the ingredients for life, including water, so could life be present there?
An investigation on the effects of volcanic eruptions on the global climate.
Investigates the history of germ warfare and the threat of a new biological arms race.
The Strange Life and Death of Dr. Turing
Horizon investigates whether the drug ecstasy could be used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease.

appears on all editions containing bonus tracks

H5N1 Bird Flu jumps the species barrier and becomes a global pandemic. This drama documentary narrated by Sean Pertwee, based in Cambodia, USA and the UK, explores what is known so far about avian flu and looks at what might happen if a human pandemic occurs.
Surgeon Gabriel Weston explores why so many people are piling on the pounds – and learns about new ways to fight the flab. She discovers the hidden hormones that control appetite and sees the latest surgery that fundamentally changes what a patient wants to eat – by altering how their brains work.
When Chinese and Japanese people move to California they change their lifestyles. So did the Greeks and Italians who migrated to Australia. The result is a change in the cancers they develop. This programme explores how changes in the way we live can reduce the risk of cancer.
The extraordinary story of Canadian Bruce Reimer who was surgically turned into a girl after birth, offering a fascinating insight into what makes us male and female.

The Treasure Hunt is coming together with the discovery of another vital clue in the race to the Quantum Nexus, but the return of Ernesto leads to questions - exactly whose side is the Rebel on? Later on, Reese sees Muna and it is revealed that Muna came back in limbo at the Sparticle Mystery. Muna also tells Reese that it is dangerous to realign the 2 worlds as there are many more dimensions that could destroy them. Later on, it is discovered that Sadiq tells the other Sparticles that Serena is a double agent.

Note: First main appearance of Ernesto and guest appearance of Muna
Note: Final Appearance of Fury.

Jordan, Holly and Ami take being kids way too far, and nearly kill themselves on a runaway waltzer, until Muna comes to the rescue. The lack of grid power has led to the failure of the national water supply. Fresh water becomes the latest challenge for the Ranchers, and Frankie goes native in her attempts to find and save the precious resource.

Note: Guest Appearance of Muna and Doomsday Dora
Note: Callum is absent for this episode

Over a person's lifetime they are likely to be prescribed more than 14,000 pills. Antibiotics, cholesterol lowering tablets, anti-depressants, painkillers, even tablets to extend youth and improve performance in bed. These drugs perform minor miracles day after day, but how much is really known about them? Drug discovery often owes as much to serendipity as to science, and that means much is learnt about how medicines work, or even what they do, when they're taken. By investigating some of the most popular pills people pop, Horizon asks, how much can they be trusted to do what they are supposed to?
A wee dram of C14: A Scottish chemist has recently thought up an unusual application for Scotch whisky: as a measure of radioactive carbon 14 in the atmosphere-including that produced by thermonuclear bomb-testing. One over the eighty: In two weeks' time it will be a criminal offence to have more than eighty milligrams of alcohol per hundred millilitres of blood while in charge of a motor car. What does this level mean? How will the scientific analyses be carried out?
What's the Right Diet for You? A Horizon Special - Episode 2
Horizon investigates the growing tendency in hospitals to induce childbirth by injecting hormones into mothers.
The End of the World? A Horizon Guide to Armageddon
What sort of person can invent a 3-D microscope, a new way of photographing the moon, publish fifty papers on perception, and spend three weeks hunting for a minute sea creature to see how its eyes work? Cambridge psychologist Richard Gregory is a man of many facets. Tonight's film examines his inventiveness, its sources and its products.
The world's first commercial nuclear reactor to produce electric power more cheaply than is possible from coal or oil was recently commissioned by Britain's Central Electricity Generating Board. Horizon visits the Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Winfrilh Heath where John Charap talks to Dr. Peter Mummery, Deputy Director. In the studio David Prowitt and David Wilson discuss this important development
Once, machines copied only man's physical activities - now they can mimic many of his mental processes. How long before they can design their own ' intelligent' programmes, how long before they become man's intellectual superior?
Horizon tells the inside story of the search for Malaysia Airlines flight MH370. With access to the key players on the frontline in the southern Indian Ocean and the British satellite engineers who tracked the plane's final hours, Horizon breaks open the biggest mystery in aviation history.
A Home Like Ours..., A Story of Four Children
Forbidden Events: Is there a fifth force in the Universe, or must we revise our ideas about time? Horizon visits the Rutherford High Energy Laboratory where an experiment is running to settle this, and talks to Dr. Lipman. I am a Madman: Psychiatrists from all over the world met in London recently to compare notes. Such comparisons are giving new insight into the causes of mental illness.

After bringing the teenage versions of their parents to their dimension, the remaining Sparticles are locked up by the monstrous Queen Kylie. During a rescue mission, Reese teams up another sensitive named Aris, and they manage to send one of the teen parents home and escape with Holly's teen mother Kim. While heading to the resistance HQ, Reese created a plan to send Kylie home so the Sparticles head back to the Citadel to rescue Aris.

Note: First Appearance of Aris, Kim, Queen Kylie, Dora, Erimon and Bryan.

Note: First regular appearance of Ernesto

Only in recent years have we had the techniques to investigate the depths of the oceans. But we are ill adapted for this new conquest; to us it is a hostile environment. Under water we are inefficient and inadequate compared with the giant fish and the sea mammals whose world it is. Horizon looks at how scientists are helping men enter this new world.
Alan Davies attempts to answer the proverbial question: how long is a piece of string? But what appears to be a simple task soon turns into a mind-bending voyage of discovery where nothing is as it seems. An encounter with leading mathematician Marcus du Sautoy reveals that Alan's short length of string may in fact be infinitely long. When Alan attempts to measure his string at the atomic scale, events take an even stranger turn. Not only do objects appear in many places at once, but reality itself seems to be an illusion. Ultimately, Alan finds that measuring his piece of string could – in theory at least – create a black hole, bringing about the end of the world.

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Location Map - BIH - UNOCHA.svg

Millions of visits are made each year to acupuncturists, homeopaths, food allergists, or people who diagnose disease by looking in your eyes or waving a pendulum. Scientific evidence is still lacking that such therapies cure disease, but they often seem to make people 'better'. It turns out that whether you chose an NHS consultant or a fringe alternative practitioner, it may not make much difference to your chances of 'getting better'.

Ernesto and Serena join forces with the resistance to infiltrate the Citadel and attempt to rescue Orion, but are actually on a rescue mission for the toys Kylie locked away. At the resistance HQ, the two meet Rat's child - which will eventually grow up to be Ernesto! Meanwhile, Kylie is impatient to learn the Sparticles plan, she has Dora trick Orian to connect to Reese and she accidentally tipping them off about the Resistance's plan and their own.

Note: Final Appearance of Rat.
Note: HoloDora is absent in this episode.

To Die – To Live, The Survivors of Hiroshima
Talking is something that is unique to humans, yet it still remains a mystery. Horizon meets the scientists beginning to unlock the secrets of speech – including a father who is filming every second of his son's first three years in order to discover how we learn to talk, the autistic savant who can speak more than 20 languages, and the first scientist to identify a gene that makes speech possible. Horizon also hears from the godfather of linguistics, Noam Chomsky, the first to suggest that our ability to talk is innate. A unique experiment shows how a new alien language can emerge in just one afternoon, in a bid to understand where language comes from and why it is the way it is.

When Frankie's rabbit goes missing, the Sparticles find themselves locked up by a 'friend' of Kylie's named Lady Lucy-this"friend" has never actually visited or met Queen Kylie in real life. Frankie escapes and befriends her servant Robyn, who reveals that she is the real Lady Lucy and the imposter stole her identity. Serena and Ernesto arrive at the forest in time to rescue everyone and discover the real Lady Lucy is a sensitive. Meanwhile at the Citadel, Kylie wipes Orion's mind and discovers the Sparticle's plan. Orion explains the plan about the "special places" Reese spoke about to be several points called laylines across the country mirroring the Orion consolation where the sensitives are going to stand.

Note: Fizzy, Bryan and HoloDora are absent in this episode
Note: Guest appearance of Lucie and Robyn.

Florida State 2016 Basketball Commitments

Huge plant- and meat-eaters have been unearthed in Argentina along with evidence that the mega-carnivores hunted together in packs.
Is the widespread use of highly persistent pesticides raising a new kind of ecological problem for our own and future generations to solve? Do we yet know enough to assess the risks we are taking? The scientific and moral aspects as seen by Dr. Frank Fraser Darling Vice-President of the Conservation Foundation, Dr. Eric Edson Research director of a leading pesticide company. The ethics of environmental contamination discussed by Lord Rothschild, F.R.S. Director of research of a large chemical company, Robert Boote of the Nature Conservancy, John Maynard Smith a zoologist of University College, London Editorial adviser, Gerald Leach.

A Singapore Army Bionix infantry fighting vehicle

Every day across the world, more than 3 million people catch a plane. Yet despite it being the safest form of travel, many of us are terrified of flying and what we fear most is crashing and dying. Most people believe that if they're in a plane crash their time is up, in fact the truth is surprisingly different. Over 90% of plane crashes have survivors and there are many things you can do to increase your chances of staying alive. We have spoken to aviation safety experts, crash investigators as well as plane crash survivors - and put together the 'ultimate survivors guide to plane crashes'. Visit the links below to find out more.
Scientists predict this year will see a fit of violent activity on the sun which will propel billions of tonnes of superheated gas and pulses of energy towards Earth. In 1989 one of these solar storms, which has the power to close down modern technology, cut off the power to the Canadian province of Quebec. Horizon meets the weathermen as they try to predict what's coming and organisations like the National Grid as they prepare for the cosmic tempest.
They are the miracle pills that shouldn't really work at all. Placebos come in all shapes and sizes, but they contain no active ingredient. Now they are being shown to help treat pain, depression and even alleviate some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Horizon explores why they work, and how we could all benefit from the hidden power of the placebo.
The Dolphins that Joined The Navy / A Theory of The Earth
Report, using material of the time, of the 1969 moon landing, and discussion on the USA's space programme.

TFT LCD touchscreen, 854 × 480 FWVGA, 16M colors

Coverage from three decades of programmes to present a biography of the space shuttle programme, due to be decommissioned in 2011.

After watching Kylie play with Orion's mind, Erimon decides that he hates his sister and regrets helping her become Queen. Meanwhile Serena and Ernesto break Orion out of the citadel, helping him remember who the true Sparticles are with Reece's friendship bracelet. HoloDora also enters the Citadel and finds Dora, only to be shocked when she finds out that her teen mother is helping the evil Queen, and then accidentally mentioning the Red Dragon comet. Kylie uses this information and takes matters into her own hands by heading to the Circle of Perpetual Time with the after overhearing Dora and Erimon plotting against her. Serena, Ernesto and Orion successfully escape the Citadel, but with the knowledge that Kylie knows the full Sparticle plan.
Note: Sadiq, Reese, Holly, Frankie, Aris and Kim are absent in this episode. This is the first episode in the entire series in which Sadiq, Reese and Frankie do not appear.

Horizon follows an expedition to the Andes where wreckage from missing 1947 passenger plane Star Dust mysteriously reappeared.
Do we really know what goes on where 'vivisection' is practised and why these experiments are supposed to be necessary? Do the benefits obtained justify man's using the other animals for his own health and well-being? Horizon shows people on both sides of a very wide gulf - the anti-vivisectionists whose opposition is outspoken, and the scientists who carry out this work but rarely speak out for fear of stirring up even more opposition.
In the second of three programmes, the volunteers leave the lab and take their diets home, where they face the challenge of sticking to their weight-loss plans while dealing with all the stresses and temptations of their real lives. Geneticist Giles Yeo uses eye-tracking technology to investigate how the Constant Cravers are affected by their 'hungry genes', while Tanya Byron visits Cambridge University to discover what happens in the brains of Emotional Eaters to compel them to comfort eat. The Feasters are brought together for a test by Fiona Gribble, who wants to find out why soup is such a great dieting tool.
Red Star in Orbit, 1: The Invisible Spaceman
Horizon investigates whether first contact with aliens has already occurred. The publication of 'Chariots of the Gods?' by Erich von Daniken is central to this documentary and some of von Daniken's claims of evidence of extra-terrestrial visitations, such as the Palenque slab, the Nazca lines, Easter Island Moai and the Great Pyramid of Giza are investigated and debunked by archeologists including Thor Heyerdahl. It concludes that von Daniken's thesis relies on unrelated facts, false similarities and phoney evidence. Available as a PBS' NOVA episode, released in 1978. U.S. narration by Don Wescott.
How Best to Make a Man, How Best to Make a Scientist
Over the past year, Horizon has been behind the scenes at one of Britain's leading cancer hospitals, the Royal Marsden in London. The film follows Rosemary, Phil and Ray as they undergo remarkable new treatments – from a billion pound genetically targeted drug designed to fight a type of skin cancer, to advanced robotic surgery. We witness the breakthroughs in surgery and in scientific research that are offering new hope and helping to defeat a disease that more than one in three of us will develop at some stage of our lives.

Mustaine, Ellefson, Marty Friedman, Nick Menza

A decade ago, scientists announced that they had produced the first draft of the human genome, the 3.6 billion letters of our genetic code. It was seen as one of the greatest scientific achievements of our age, a breakthrough that would usher in a new age of medicine. A decade later, Horizon finds out how close we are to developing the life-changing treatments that were hoped for. Horizon follows three people, each with a genetic disease, as they go behind the scenes at some of Britain's leading research labs to find out what the sequencing of the human genome has done for them – and the hope this remarkable project offers all of us.

The comet approaches, and the Sparticles discover that Holly's newborn-baby is the final sensitive. The Neuroscrambler breaks down, due to HoloDora's interference, Kylie orders Dora to repair it, and threatens to push Erimon off the cliff if she doesn't. Dora attempts to fix it but HoloDora messes with the Neuroscrambler's coding, leaving it stuck on mind-wipe mode, meaning the only way to save the sensitives is to turn it off. Dora still turns it on due to her feelings for Erimon. Aris explains Kylie's plan to burn out the minds of the Sensities using the comet including the baby. Bryan thinks that the baby won't be affected to greatly as she doesn't know much, which infuriates Fizzy, who states that's why Bryan never made a good father in his future. Fizzy helps the Sparticles break into the lighthouse and disable the Neuroscrambler while Aris stays with the keeper, discovering that he dreams about the comet too. Kylie shuts Fizzy and the Sparticles outside, believing she is unable to trust anyone after Erimon's 'betrayal'. HoloDora shows Kylie, Erimon and Dora and image of Holly and Ernesto's daughter, and explain that if she goes ahead with her plan, she will fry her mind. Kylie remains ignorant, even with Ernesto's plead to spare her and the sensitives. Kim brings the baby to Reese and Aris, but the sensitives can't connect with her. Kylie attempts one final try at convincing Aris not to line up, but instead he heals her scar with Jason's powers. Aris figures out the keeper's riddles and learns that the herb garden isn't the circle of perpetual time, but the old man was. They quickly race to the lighthouse where the old man is. The Keeper's powers activate when he holds Holly's baby and the sensitive link up. The comet passes over, but nothing happens, because HoloDora steals the power and becomes real. Apon realizing what she really looked like, Dora convinces her to do the right thing and send the teen parents home. She releases the energy into a portal, which sends, Kylie, Erimon, Dora, Bryan, Kim, Orion and all the other teen parents back to their times. Holly is searching for the others when her mother emerges, and they embrace. Fizzy's dad and other adults appear as well. HoloDora had altered the quantum energy transfer to bring back their proper parents . Holly and Ernesto present Kim with her granddaughter . The Sparticles rejoice and celebrate the victory in bringing back their parents, bringing their quest to an end. The episode ends on a celebratory "We did it!"

Note: Final Appearance of Sadiq, Reese, Aris, Frankie, Holly, Ernesto, Serena, Kim, Kylie, Dora, Erimon, Fizzy, Bryan and HoloDora

Note: This is the final episode
Note: Guest appearance of Lucie, Jason, Yanx, The Keeper, Holly's Baby , Holly's Mother and Fizzy's Dad .

The first of a three-part special in which Dr Chris van Tulleken, clinical psychologist Tanya Byron and nutrition and weight-loss scientists from Oxford and Cambridge universities put one of the latest theories on diets to the test. They have selected 75 overweight people from across the UK, who will be put on personalised regimens to explore overeating related to genes, gut hormones and emotions. The opening programme follows the volunteers as they undergo an intensive five-day analysis at a residential diet lab at Liverpool Hope University, before they are then put on the diets the experts believe are best-suited to them.
When there is a series of linked murders, particularly of children, the killer is likely to strike again. These are the most serious of crimes. After failures in the case of the Yorkshire Ripper, the Home Secretary promised the harnessing for such investigations of the best detective and forensic skills in the country, and the use of computer technology. Has this happened? New technology is now available on both sides of the Atlantic and may increase the chances of solving these disturbing crimes.
Horizon meets the researchers who have studied some of the most terrifying people behind bars – psychopathic killers. But there was a shock in store for one of these scientists, Professor Jim Fallon, when he discovered that he had the profile of a psychopath. And the reason he didn't turn out to be a killer holds important lessons for all of us. We meet the scientist who believes he has found the moral molecule and the man who is using this new understanding to rewrite our ideas of crime and punishment.
Everest: Doctors in the Death Zone Part 1

Bihar Legislative Assembly election 2015

Michael Mosley uses footage from the BBC archives to chart scientists' progress as they looked at the mind of a murderer in an attempt to understand why people commit such crimes, asking whether they are driven to it by circumstances or are simply born to kill.

* Subfamily Sisorinae
** Bagarius
** Gagata
** Gogangra
** Nangra
** Sisor
* Subfamily Glyptosterninae
** Tribe Glyptothoracini
*** Glyptothorax
** Tribe Glyptosternina
*** Creteuchiloglanis
*** Euchiloglanis
*** Exostoma
*** Glaridoglanis
*** Glyptosternon
*** Myersglanis
*** Oreoglanis
*** Parachiloglanis
*** Pareuchiloglanis
*** Pseudexostoma
** Tribe Pseudecheneidina
*** Pseudecheneis
incertae sedis
* Pseudolaguvia

Dr Helen Czerski explores climate change, charting the transformation of a little-known theory into one of the greatest scientific undertakings in history. It has been a surprising journey of discovery that has revolutionised humankind's understanding of the global climate, and seen scientists face unprecedented controversy and criticism.
Comedian Ben Miller returns to his roots as a physicist to try to answer a deceptively simple question: what is one degree of temperature? His quest takes him to the frontiers of current science as he meets researchers working on the hottest and coldest temperatures in the universe, and to a lab where he experiences some of the strangest effects of quantum physics – a place where super-cooled liquids simply pass through solid glass. Plus, Ben installs his very own Met office weather station at home.
Japan Earthquake: A Horizon Special with Iain Stewart
Report from Laos, Thailand and Kampuchea on the alleged use of biological warfare in these countries by the USSR.
Deep in a Japanese cave, a star's last moments are detected by signals from particles which have travelled through 170,000 light years of space, and then through the earth itself. It was the most important event in any living astronomer's lifetime, because dying stars are central to the life of our universe. So when the supernova appeared in the southern sky last February, the world's astronomers turned every available instrument on to it. This unique international collaboration has given fascinating insights into one of the universe's most violent events. The programme follows the supernova's story, from its first sighting in Chile to Australia, America and Japan.
Horizon investigates the discovery of extreme rock-eating microbes - a testimony from primordial Earth and a glimpse of life elsewhere in the Solar System.
Changes to the bacteria that live inside all of us are responsible for increasing the number of people with allergies, suggests new research. In this episode of Horizon, the show investigates this claim by conducting a unique experiment with two allergic families in order to find out just what it is in the modern world that is to blame. With a raft of mini cameras, GPS units and the very latest gene sequencing technology, the show discovers how the western lifestyle is impacting their bacteria. Why are these changes making people allergic? And what can be done to put a stop to the allergy epidemic?
When disaster strikes who lives and who dies is not purely a matter of luck. In every disaster, from those people face once in a lifetime, to those they face every day, there are things that can be done to increase the chances of getting out alive. Horizon has gathered a team of leading experts to produce the ultimate guide to disaster survival. Through controversial experiments, computer simulations and analysis of hundreds of survivor testimonies from plane crashes to ferry disasters and even 9/11, they will reveal what happens in the mind in the moment of crisis and how the human brain can be programmed for survival.
Horizon investigates Lake Vostok, a vast and ancient lake deep beneath the Antarctic ice sheet.
An examination of whether Horizon has had an effect on the scientific community.
Horizon reports on deafness in Britain today, including the provision of aids for the deaf and the dangers of noise induced deafness.
The most isolated inhabited island in the world is haunted by huge brooding statues and a mysterious past. Science has unravelled some of its secrets, but now, in the second of a two-part investigation, Horizon looks for alternative information to solve the remaining pieces of the puzzle. The islanders believe that the statues literally walked, by magic, from their quarry to the ceremonial platforms. They believe that an old woman's spell on greedy stone-carvers brought the quarrying to a halt, but hazy myth and scraps of legend can be used to re-interpret scientific finds, and finally tell the story of the extraordinary statue-builders.
In February last year, Jeff Bush was asleep at his home in Florida when a sinkhole opened up beneath his bedroom. Despite the efforts of his brother to rescue him, Jeff was never seen alive again and his body could not be recovered. Professor Iain Stewart travels to the American state to discover what took Jeff's life and investigate why the geology of the area makes it the sinkhole capital of the world.
Bruno Bettelheim, 1: The Man Who Cared for Children
It's a macabre paradox, but almost every advance in aviation safety has been driven by a crash. After every crash, investigators determine its cause and scientists make every effort to ensure the same mistakes never happen again. Dallas Campbell delves into the Horizon archives to chart the deadly disasters that have helped make air travel today the safest it has ever been.
Engineer and broadcaster Jem Stansfield explores the Horizon archives to discover how the programme has covered developments in material science during the past five decades. He learns how scientists have created new materials and found fresh uses for old ones, and explores how advances including superconductors and silicon chips have changed mankind's understanding of the world.
The worst crash in aviation history killed 136 people. In the next decade, jet airliners will carry up to five hundred passengers and fly faster than sound. Their airframes and engines will be tested to the most extreme safety limits. But what of the pilot who will fly these planes? Will we be able to test his ability in this critical job in a comparable fashion?
Should we concrete them over, and use them as reserved tracks for high speed buses? Or replace them with 200 mph vehicles, guided, driven and supported by electro-magnets? Britain's railways were the engineering triumph of the industrial revolution but, say some economists, they are outmoded in the 20th century. Other kinds of public transport could be much better value. Horizon takes a realistic look at the new ideas and technologies that threaten our existing railway system - and at the research British Rail is doing to meet the challenge.

While the team are on their way to the Sparticle Project, Ami is captured in the woods by the Water Rats - a group who love life messing around on the river. The Water Rats are at war with the Menaces - and the Questers, persuaded by Ami, decide to help. Will Ami swap the seriousness of the Quest for a kid's life of fun and games? Jeffrey is keen to help out more, but his wheelchair needs more power. Tia and Jeffrey discover a satellite communication system which allows them to send a message into the ether, asking anyone out there for the batteries Jeffrey needs. They arrive back at the hotel to a package − it is from Anita at the university and it comes with a message.
Note: Callum is absent for this episode

Sir Vivian Fuchs and many other Antarctica experts describe how they have probed the secrets of a world covered with a one-mile-thick blanket of ice.
In Paris, Xavier Rodet has taught a computer to sing Mozart; in Greenwich Village, Wendy Carlos synthesises a classical concerto from electronic tones. Professor Nagyvary has made a new violin with waterlogged wood and powdered gems. He claims it sounds like a Stradivarius. In Australia, Manfred Clynes reckons he has discovered a universal human language of emotion. To prove it he creates feelings on tape. What's left for human performers to contribute?

Callum's new gang intend to take over the City Hotel, using Kat to gain access. Meanwhile, Reese visits the library to learn more about the Sparticle Project, and sees 'ghosts' of the adults there.
Note: First Appearance of Holly.

Singer, actress, minister, game show panelist

With the help of forensic science most crimes can be solved. But most criminals have not approached their crimes scientifically.
Third of Kate O'Sullivan's Antarctica trilogy. This final film is a detective story unravelled by scientists scattered on the ice sheet, trying to understand the mechanisms that control it.
Horizon Revisited, You Do as You Are Told: Jonathan Miller and the Milgram Experiment
Could you have come up with Einstein's theory of relativity? If not – why not? This is what Marcus du Sautoy, professor of mathematics, wants to explore. Marcus readily admits that he is no genius, but wants to know if geniuses are just an extreme version of himself – or whether their brains are fundamentally different. Marcus meets some remarkable individuals – Tommy, an obsessive artist who uses his whole house as his canvas; Derek: blind, autistic, and a pianist with apparently prodigious gifts; Claire, who is also blind, but whose brain has learnt to see using sound. Marcus is shown how babies have remarkable abilities which most of us lose as teenagers. He meets a neuroscientist who claims he has evidence of innate ability, a scientist who's identified a gene for learning, and Dr. Paulus, who has discovered how to sharpen the brain... by electrically turbo-charging it.
Six months after the explosions at the Fukushima nuclear plant and the release of radiation there, Professor Jim Al-Khalili sets out to discover whether nuclear power is safe. He begins in Japan, where he meets some of the tens of thousands of people who have been evacuated from the exclusion zone. He travels to an abandoned village just outside the zone to witness a nuclear clean-up operation. Jim draws on the latest scientific findings from Japan and from the previous explosion at Chernobyl to understand how dangerous the release of radiation is likely to be and what that means for our trust in nuclear power.
Is it possible to read someone's mind or foretell the future? Do some people have psychic powers or a sixth sense? Most scientists would emphatically say no, and that the many people who believe in such things are credulous, irrational and unscientific. We talk to the leading critics of the new research, who reflect the views of the scientific establishment that ESP really stands for Error Some Place - and we show some scientists' recent attempts to answer their critics by taking ESP out of the laboratory and putting it to the test in the world of commerce, crime, archaeology and warfare.
Documentary examining the role manual skills play in modern industry. Industries featured are Nuclear engineering, Shipbuilding, Steel production. Skilled machinists and welders talk frankly about how they feel their skills are valued.
The temperature is going up. Britain may become warmer, but even wetter. The grain belt of America may get too dry to produce grain. In India, the monsoons may fail. Humans around the globe would face greater challenges than ever. By burning coal, oil and gas, carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere. It keeps more of the sun's heat in, which is making the world warm up. And, in a chain reaction, sea level, crop growth and rainfall will all change. Can the Greenhouse Effect be avoided, caused as it is by one of the most basic human activities - the generation of power? As one scientist says: '... we're hooked, we can't stop'.
Dallas Campbell examines films from the Horizon archive to discover what science can teach people about dogs. He investigates the origins of domestic breeds and learns about the role humans played in shaping canine evolution, before asking why the bond between mankind and dogs is particularly strong – and whether it can be improved in the future.
Horizon investigates how many deaths on the road could be prevented with further technical and legislative changes.

The Questers discover an alarming new threat. Without the adults, and the automatic cooling systems, the world's nuclear power plants are melting down and threaten to destroy the earth. The Questers have to get a message to the adults - but how? Callum arrives to collect the key to the Sparticle Project from the Ranchers, only to discover them homeless. Tia and Jeffrey don't trust Callum after past encounters. But the key has been lost and sold, and Callum is the only hope to getting it back and to reuniting them with their friends.

Note: Guest Appearance of Fizzy.

In the first of two programmes this week investigating the truth about meat, Michael Mosley asks if those summer barbecue favourites - burgers and sausages - are as bad as some people think. He puts the latest scientific findings to the test on a high-meat diet to discover whether eating beef and bacon every day will do him any harm.

Dinnington, near Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England

Doomsday Dora's message has warned the children they must reunite the two parallel worlds quickly or adults and children will remain separated permanently. The children decide to choose who goes on the road to the Sparticle Project and who stays behind to look after Liam and Frankie by an 'Apprentice'-style challenge to source power for the City Hotel.

Note: Guest Appearance of Doomsday Dora

The output of scientific knowledge doubles every thirty years. Can this incredible rate of growth continue indefinitely? If it slows down, which countries will suffer most? Arthur Clarke discusses some of the problems most likely to demand scientific attention, and. Professor Derek De S. Price analyses the process of scientific growth.

BG Benedict Lim, BG Colin Theseira, BG Bernard Tan, BG Wong Ann Cha, BG Ong Boon Hwee

The world is affected by an obesity epidemic, but why is it that not everyone is succumbing? Medical science has been obsessed with this subject and is coming up with some unexpected answers. As it turns out, it is not all about exercise and diet. At the center of this programme is a controversial overeating experiment that aims to identify exactly what it is about some people that makes it hard for them to bulk up.

Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad

On the 300th anniversary of Isaac Newton's greatest year of discovery one of his most ardent disciples, Professor Julius Sumner-Miller, comes from California to celebrate the occasion and to illustrate the excitement of seeing Newton's principles in action.
Across the globe, scientists and entrepreneurs are gearing up for the second Moon race - colonisation. This programme speaks to Nevada businessman Dennis Hope, who has sold lunar real estate to nearly four million people, including George Lucas, John Travolta, Tom Hanks and George W Bush. Plus an investigation into scientific claims that the helium-3 gas found in lunar soil could be used to create a new source of pollution-free energy on Earth.

Saint Joseph with the Infant Jesus by Guido Reni, c 1635

Danny Wallace is on a mission to convince the world that chimps are people too. He believes the time has come to make our hairy relatives part of the family. Our primate brethren share 99.4% of our crucial DNA and are more closely related to us than they are to gorillas. This being so, should they be afforded the same rights as people? The reason for this scientific showdown is simple. If chimps can communicate, cook and reason, then how different are they to humans? Armed with the latest scientific evidence, Danny travels the globe to quiz primatologists, philosophers and animal rights lawyers to investigate whether or not chimps should be classed as people.
In recent years, researchers have started to understand why people love the foods they do, and that there may be a way to make snacks taste sweeter without adding any extra sugar – and it's all down to a trick that happens in the brain. This film meets a scientist who has grown a tomato that is sweeter and juicier than anything likely to be found on a supermarket shelf, and follows those hoping to become elite, professional tasters.
Horizon uncovers the secret world of our dreams. In a series of cutting-edge experiments and personal stories, we go in search of the science behind this most enduring mystery and ask: where do dreams come from? Do they have meaning? And ultimately, why do we dream? What the film reveals is that much of what we thought we knew no longer stands true. Dreams are not simply wild imaginings but play a significant part in all our lives as they have an impact on our memories, the ability to learn, and our mental health. Most surprisingly, we find nightmares, too, are beneficial and may even explain the survival of our species.
Should I Eat Meat? - The Big Health Dilemma
What's the Right Diet for You? A Horizon Special - Episode 3

The Sparticles and Holly and Serena arrive at the museum where the stone head belongs and plan to decode the message on the Stone Head, but the Sparticles get caught up in a plan with another tribe, the Featherheads to raid the museum in order to get gold to melt down to turn into Fizzys to use to buy fuel. Holly and Serena break into the museum and use the decoder to translate the message on the Stone Head, which was written on a piece of paper that they stole from Reese. While Jeffery and a member of the Featherhead work on a machine turning waste into fuel, the remaining Featherheads rob the gold from the museum, including the Decoder. Reese attempts to get it back but is caught in the diggers bucket and is nearly killed. The Sparticles chase the digger down the road but it gets stuck and Reese drops the Decoder. The digger destroys the Decoder and Rocky drops the bucket and lets Reese out. Before they leave, Reese reveals that before it was destroyed, she saw the message decoded. They leave, and Rocky's brother finds a note stating that he has stowed away with the Sparticles to get their mum back.

Note: First Appearance of Rocky.
Note: Fizzy and Fury are absent in this episode.

Our understanding of the world around us is better now than ever before. But are we any closer to knowing how its all going to end? Dallas Campbell delves into the Horizon archive to discover how scientists have tried to predict an impending apocalypse – from natural disaster to killer disease to asteroid impact – and to ask: when Armageddon arrives, will science be able to save us?
What were the processes of creativity taking place in the mind of an Einstein formulating relativity? Or of a Shakespeare composing a sonnet? Can experiments on rats or monkeys tell us anything about human behaviour in science and art? Arthur Koestler takes a critical look at some theories of human creativity and puts his own views.
By our third year, most of us will have learned to count. Once we know how, it seems as if there would be nothing to stop us counting forever. But, while infinity might seem like an perfectly innocent idea, keep counting and you enter a paradoxical world where nothing is as it seems. Mathematicians have discovered there are infinitely many infinities, each one infinitely bigger than the last. And if the universe goes on forever, the consequences are even more bizarre. In an infinite universe, there are infinitely many copies of the Earth and infinitely many copies of you. Older than time, bigger than the universe and stranger than fiction. This is the story of infinity.

All Which Was Lost Has Now Been Regained

Where can the elderly live who are unable to live at home, in a care home, or in sheltered accommodation?
How Many People Can Live on Planet Earth?
Sir Peter Medawar, who died last November, was a great scientist who, with the help of an exceptional woman, triumphed over adversity and justified his hope of progress. He was shocked by the appalling burns of a Second World War airman who crashed near his home, and he set to work to find a treatment using skin grafts. His fundamental discoveries about the immune system inspired the surgeons who pioneered transplantation. Sir Peter became a Nobel Laureate and figurehead of British science. After a severe stroke, his own courage and the support of his remarkable wife Jean, enabled him to return to writing, including his autobiography Memoir of a Thinking Radish. Alan Howard reads Sir Peter's own words in this tribute from his colleagues and Lady Medawar.
Horizon goes behind the scenes at NASA to discover how it is preparing for its most ambitious and daring mission: to land humans on the surface of Mars. Horizon meets the scientists and engineers who are designing new rockets, new space suits and finding ways to help astronauts survive the perils of this long voyage.
The Truth About Meteors: A Horizon Special
What's Killing Our Bees? A Horizon Special
A hang-glider pilot, a miner and a lorry driver-they all happily accept risks every day, but now they are threatened with a nuclear power station on their doorsteps. Yet according to the experts, they have no need to worry, as the risk is minute compared with the hazards in their normal lives. How accurate are the experts' figures, and why is it that people nevertheless do not believe that a nuclear power station, or a petrochemical complex like Canvey Island is safe? No major technological undertaking is completely without risk. But how are governments to decide what is an 'acceptable' risk, one that is seen to be fair and justifiable by the majority of the population?
In March 2014, a team at a research station at the South Pole claimed to have found evidence of gravitational waves - or ripples in space-time - from the earliest moments of the universe. The discovery sent shockwaves through the world of theoretical physics, with those involved tipped to pick up Nobel Prizes, while for others it meant their ideas were in shreds. This programme tell the inside story of the scientific quest and what happened when things began to unravel.
On the eve of National / World Autism Day, this programme reveals how a lifetime of study by developmental psychologist Uta Frith has transformed understanding of the condition. The professor discusses the ways people with autism perceive and interact with the world, reveals how another kind of reality exists for them and explains why they often fail to understand jokes.
Windows of the soul: Everyone knows that the pupils of our eyes react to light. Tonight's film shows some absorbing psychological experiments at the University of Chicago, which suggest our eyes can tell scientists things we might prefer to keep secret with Dr. Eckhard H. Hess, Chairman of the Psychology Department, University of Chicago. Elixir of youth: In Rumania, more than forty thousand people have been given gerovital H3, in the belief that it will make them younger, by Dr. Ana Aslan Dr. Alex Comfort comments on a film about this mass experiment.
For their work on penicillin, the drug which saved so many lives in World War II, three men were awarded the Nobel Prize. Tonight's film looks at one of these men, Professor Ernst Chain. It also looks at the remarkable growth during this century of biochemistry and at some of the unusual research in progress in Professor Chain's new £1,500,000 Biochemistry Department at Imperial College.
Horizon investigates the damage that pollution and tourism are inflicting on the Swiss Alps.
An investigation into gene therapy in which diseases caused by genetic anomalies could be eradicated.
Machines and People, Rt. Hon. A. Wedgwood-Benn
Michael Mosley explores the latest research in genetics and neuroscience to find out what factors shape people's personalities and whether they can be changed. Michael tries two techniques in an attempt to make him worry less and become more of an optimist - with surprising results. The episode features Professor Elaine Fox of University of Essex.

The Questers and Ranchers are reunited at Black Tor Mine where the adults were separated from the children by the machine of the Sparticle Project. But another tribe - the Mystic Moles, who are the children of the scientists working there - won't let anyone through the doors. Callum arrives with the dictaphone. The Sparticles face a series of challenges before they get to their greatest obstacle. Although they are successful reuniting the worlds, they are still unstable. Elsewhere, Reese and Holly came across a electricity leak. Reese and Muna use their powers to hold the electricity in place. But the reunitation process takes to long and destroys Muna. Reese tries to hold the electricity in place on her own, despite Holly's protest. In the control room, Kat, Sadiq and the adults watch the event while Liam, Frankie, Ami, Jordan, Jeffrey and Dora attempt to hold the Luminite in place. Kat tries to convince her dad to shut down the Sparticle Project and save Reese. The adults attempt to stop him, but he shuts down the project, saving Reese. This disrupts the realignment process and the two world split again. Doomsday Dora tells the Questers to travel to the Quantum Nexus . Just before Kat's dad disappears, he gives her a code to shut down the world's nuclear power plants. Sadiq comforts her about the failed realignment. The Sparticles regroup and Liam suggests the group should journey to the Quantum Nexus and attempt to bring the adults back again.

Note: Final Appearance of Kat, Jordan and Ami.
Note: Guest Appearance of Muna, Doomsday Dora and Professor Henry Barker.

Horizon examines whether child abuse and depression can be prevented by working with the mothers of young children.
Imagine yourself shrunk to less than a millimetre, travelling down a blood vessel. It's a popular science-fiction idea but. tonight, Horizon takes you on such a journey. We travel inside the main arteries of the body and past the narrow capillaries of the skin where red blood cells must flow in single file. We go along the carotid artery into the delicate tracery of the brain and down into the massive cavity of the heart itself. We see the biological processes at work within the body and explore the changes within the arteries that can lead to the heart failures and strokes which take the lives of 100,000 Britons every year. The voyage is made possible by the unique camera techniques developed by Swedish photographer Dr Lennart Nilsson. Ten years ago his images of the developing foetus in the womb brought him international recognition. In this film he documents another hidden world - the surprisingly beautiful one within our body's arterial system.

Trebinje, on the banks of the Trebišnjica

Italian: Piccolo Levriero Italiano; French: Levrette d'Italie; German: Italienisches Windspiel; Spanish: Galgo italiano

A profile of one of the world's most important research and development centres. Twenty-five miles from New York City in acres of parkland stand the squat main laboratory buildings of the Bell Telephone System. Four thousand scientists work there with an annual budget of £100 million. Is this the sort of place we should set up in Britain?
The Final Frontier? A Horizon Guide to the Universe
For centuries we have dreamt of reaching the centre of the Earth. Now scientists are uncovering a bizarre and alien world that lies 4,000 miles beneath our feet, unlike anything we know on the surface. It is a planet buried within the planet we know, where storms rage within a sea of white-hot metal and a giant forest of crystals make up a metal core the size of the Moon. Horizon follows scientists who are conducting experiments to recreate this core within their own laboratories, with surprising results..

The Sparticles find the stone which opens the Quantum Nexus but Jeffrey gets poisoned by itcyflax flower so therefore the Sparticles go to a castle to get a treatment but Holly messed up their car so Holly and Serena have to give them a ride to a castle that has the cure but the Sparticles and Holly and Serena soon get caught up in duels when they lose their sword.

Note: Final Appearance of Huen.
Note: Fizzy and Fury are absent in this episode.

Golden Boot Award Rugby League World International Player of the Year

A tribe of Traders lock up the Sparticles and accuse them of stealing their shipment which was to be given to Fizzy. They soon discover that the shipment was chocolate and that Fizzy is going to make an army using these. Serena and Holly are then captured and put into a room as the Traders thought they were Sparticles. After an escape planned by Frankie, Liam and Reese, they tried to rescue the others but were unfortunately captured again but Frankie and Liam escaped and found the balaclava and shipment and they discover that it's Skinny as he was 'sick' of taking orders from his boss. He is then arrested by Callum for breaking one of the rules but soon freed to help the Sparticles. Rocky stayed behind to help the Sparticles rather than Callum. Fizzy turns up and the chocolate is melted and Rocky tells to stay off the Quantum Nexus and the Sparticles to get chocolate and biscuits and it was agreed except of Fizzy who was frustrated. The Sparticles get the treasures back and are going to try and find the Stone of Artos.
Note: Final Appearance of Rocky.

April 2015 at Lattitude South Studios, Leiper's Fork, Tennessee

Bosnia and Herzegovina's government building in Sarajevo

Part of the Doctors to Be series following the careers of medical students. Two sixth formers face the interview panel for places at St Mary's Hospital Medical School.
Alcohol is by far the most widely used drug – and a dangerous one at that. So why are so many of us drinking over the recommended limits? Why does alcohol have such a powerful grip on us? How much of our relationship with this drug is written in our genes? What are the real dangers of our children drinking too young? Addiction expert John Marsden, who likes a drink, makes a professional and personal exploration of our relationship with alcohol. He undergoes physical and neurological examinations to determine its impact, and finds out why some people will find it much harder than others to resist alcohol. Even at the age of 14 there may be a way of determining which healthy children will turn into addicts. John experiments with a designer drug being developed that hopes to replicate all the benefits of alcohol without the dangers. Could this drug replace alcohol in the future?
Planets are now being discovered outside Earth's solar system on a regular basis, and these strange new worlds are forcing scientists to rewrite the history of how the Sun and the planets, satellites, dwarf planets, asteroids and comets that orbit it came into being. This programme reveals that far from a simple story of stable objects orbiting a star, the development of the solar system was a potent combination of hellfire, chaos and planetary pinball that makes it somewhat of a miracle that Earth was created at all.
Professor Brian Cox takes a global journey in search of the energy source of the future. Called nuclear fusion, it is the process that fuels the sun and every other star in the universe. Yet despite over five decades of effort, scientists have been unable to get even a single watt of fusion electricity onto the grid. Brian returns to Horizon to find out why. Granted extraordinary access to the biggest and most ambitious fusion experiments on the planet, Brian travels to the USA to see a high security fusion bomb testing facility in action and is given a tour of the world's most powerful laser. In South Korea, he clambers inside the reaction chamber of K-Star, the world's first super-cooled, super-conducting fusion reactor where the fate of future fusion research will be decided.
Nobel Prize winner Sir Paul Nurse examines why science appears to be under attack, and why public trust in key scientific theories has been eroded – from the theory that man-made climate change is warming our planet, to the safety of GM food, or that HIV causes AIDS. He interviews scientists and campaigners from both sides of the climate change debate, and travels to New York to meet Tony, who has HIV but doesn't believe that the virus is responsible for AIDS.
Dr Kevin Fong finds out how close scientists are to being able to mend your heart if it stops working. He meets some of the people who have undergone pioneering heart operations and the scientists who are pushing the limits of cardiac treatment. We meet a man who has had his heart replaced with an artificial one powered by a mechanical pump he carries around in a rucksack, and witness a scientist bring a dead animal heart back to life on a workbench. Plus, the work of an American scientist who is using stem cells to turn what she calls a 'ghost heart' – the scaffold of a heart – into a replacement heart for humans.
A new theory could help save thousands of lives by predicting impending earthquakes.
Should I Eat Meat? - How to Feed the Planet
Dallas Campbell explores how mankind's understanding of dinosaurs has developed since the 1970s. He reveals how technological advances led to scientists revising their theories about how the creatures might once have lived, as well as gaining new insights into the reasons for their extinction. The presenter also explores the genetic links between modern birds and the ancient lizards.
Documentary revealing the scale of the problem of debris in space, with Earth surrounded by hundreds of millions of items moving at 17,000 miles per hour. The International Space Station had to move three times in 2014 to avoid potentially lethal chunks of junk and the Horizon team reveals how the US government is investing $1 billion to track space debris, while companies around the world are developing ways to clear up the mess, from nets and robot arms to harpoons.
Former Conservative MP Michael Portillo pushes his body to the brink of death in an investigation into the science of execution. As the American Supreme Court examines whether the lethal injection is causing prisoners to die in unnecessary pain, Michael sets out to find a solution which is fundamentally humane. Armed with startling new evidence, Michael considers a completely new approach. Will it be the answer? There is only one way to find out – to experience it himself.
Titian's painting 'Bacchus and Ariadne' is said to be worth between 12 million and 110 million and is urgently in need of repair. How does a modern restorer set about preserving for a few more centuries a 450-year-old masterpiece?
Michael Mosley presents a Horizon special exploring the effectiveness of a series of health tests available to people who otherwise feel perfectly well. From an expensive heart scan to a new national screening procedure to detect the earliest signs of bowel cancer, the check-ups are designed to catch various serious conditions before they develop further, and Michael puts himself through a series of assessments to determine whether any of them are worth doing.
The amazing story of Dr Temple Grandin's ability to read the animal mind, which has made her the most famous autistic woman on the planet.
Millions of people have cats in their homes, yet they know very little about them. Are they playful pets, fearsome fighters or deadly hunters? In this three-part programme, Liz Bonnin joins forces with some of the world's leading feline experts to conduct a groundbreaking scientific study using GPS trackers and mini-cameras to follow 100 cats in three very different environments to find out what they get up to when they leave the house. The first edition examines how cats see, hear and smell the world with the senses developed by their wild ancestors, and looks at why this could be making life difficult for them in the modern world.
First of three documentaries taking a look at the issue of obesity. 1 of 3: This programme attempts to establish why some people are destined to be big.
Horizon reveals the latest research into one of the most mysterious and common human experiences: pain. Exploring the breakthroughs that have come from studying a remarkable woman in London who has felt no pain at all in her life, a man in the US who cut off his own arm to survive, and three generations of an Italian family who don't feel extremes of temperature. Featuring a new treatment that involves a pioneering computer game 'snow world' that contains the power to banish pain, and revealing how powerfully our moods and emotions shape how we feel pain.
Trial and Error, The Rise and Fall of Gene Therapy
Michael J. Mosley has set himself a truly ambitious goal: he wants to live longer, stay younger and lose weight in the bargain. And he wants to make as few changes to his life as possible along the way. He discovers the powerful new science behind the ancient idea of fasting, and he thinks he's found a way of doing it with the 5:2 diet that still allows him to enjoy his food. Michael tests out the science of fasting on himself – with life-changing results.

Android 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich via the use of CyanogenMod

Janice Blenkharn faces the hardest choice of her life. Whether or not she wants to be told if she will develop an incurable genetic disease called Huntington's Chorea. Every child of an affected parent has a 50-50 chance of inheriting it. Janice's mother died of Huntington's Chorea, so Janice is at risk. If she develops it, then her children will be at risk. Until now, there has been no way of knowing who will be affected and who spared. But thanks to painstaking research in a remote South American fishing village, a test now exists. It offers Janice, and others at risk from this fatal disease, the chance to see into the future.
"The Great Computer Scandal: A report on the state of big research computers. H-Bomb Detectors: Sir Edward Bullard, tells how British scientists have developed a nuclear explosion detector which has changed the political and international outlook for nuclear test controls.

Live in Pomona, CA; only on Japanese and Best Buy-exclusive editions

Due to Lack of Interest Tomorrow Has Been Cancelled
"Facts are the air of science," declared the famous Russian physiologist Pavlov. Laboratories are where most of the facts are gathered. What goes on inside a big science laboratory? What do scientists worry about? Horizon went to the biggest laboratory of its kind in the Commonwealth, the National Institute for Medical Research, to meet the Director of the laboratory, Dr. P.B. Medawar, and some of the 550 men and women who breathe the air of science.

Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority

The extraordinary odds doctors and patients have had to overcome to achieve amazing breakthroughs in transplant surgery, including full face transplants and growing organs in the laboratory. Michael Mosley identifies some of the key turning points and explores how far science can go in a bid to prolong life.

The Sparticles travel to an abandoned mill where a supposed creature has been eating children. There, Tia and Jeffrey's relationship comes under strain and Rocky shows his true colors as he snatches the necklace Tia gave to Jeffery and throws it in the River blaming Jeffery for the incident. The Sparticles get their next clue, which leads them closer to the Quantum Nexus.
Note: Callum, Fizzy and Fury are absent in this episode.

Brookhollow Avenue,Norwest Business Park

Historian Dr Thomas Dixon explores BBC archive footage detailing the age-old conflict between religion and science. He highlights interviews with a diverse range of theorists, including American creationists and physicists in Geneva working with the Large Hadron Collider, and asks whether the expansion of knowledge has left no room for the concept of God in the modern world.
A Man of Two Visions / The Scientist Applied
Horizon explores the strange and wonderful world of illusions – and reveals the tricks they play on our senses and why they fool us. We show how easy it is to trick your sense of taste by changing the colours of food and drink, explain how what you see can change what you hear, and see just how unreliable our sense of colour can be. But all this trickery has a serious purpose. It's helping scientists to create a new understanding of how our senses work – not as individual senses, but connected together. It holds the intriguing possibility that one sense could be mapped into another. This is what happened to Daniel Kish, who lost his sight as a child. He is now able to create a vision of the world by clicking his tongue which allows him to echolocate like a bat. And in a series of MRI scans, scientists are now looking to find out if Daniel's brain may have actually rewired itself enabling him to use sound to create a visual image of the world.
Cosmologists discuss their project to create a map of everything in existence, and reveal that their research has yielded some highly unexpected results, creating a picture stranger than anything they had imagined. Scientists also explain why the map suggests the universe may not be an all-encompassing entity – but merely the starting point for something much bigger.
Enzymes are the key to life processes-how do they work? An M.R.C. team at the Royal Institution, headed by Dr. D.C.Phillips, has taken the first step towards answering this vital question.
Thomas Hildebrandt possesses one of the world's most extraordinary jobs - getting the planet's endangered animals in the mood for love. The planet's creatures are facing the biggest mass extinction since the dinosaurs were wiped out. Species are currently disappearing at up to 10,000 times the natural rate. Coming to the rescue are men like Dr Hildebrandt and his team. They are world leaders in the art of animal manipulation. The billions of pounds spent benefiting human reproduction are now being applied to save endangered species. Techniques such as artificial insemination and IVF have been crucial to the successes in breeding giant pandas, big cats and other mammals in zoos across the world. As Thomas Hildebrandt says "Man has created this annihilation of species. It's up to man to use his ingenuity to save them."
For the past ten years doctors in America have been experimenting with a new drug to treat incurable cancers. Interleukin 2 has been both acclaimed as a miracle and criticised as cruel and unethical. Some patients with advanced tumours are completely cured, but most show no improvement and suffer agonising physical and psychological side effects. A few die from the treatment. Horizon follows three patients who have been accepted on to the drug trial. Stakes are high for both sides. The researchers believe that this costly and controversial therapy could revolutionise cancer treatment. The patients are guinea pigs in a last-ditch experiment to save their lives.
When Mount St. Helens erupted last May, it did much more damage than geologists had expected. HORIZON looks at the aftermath of the devastating explosion, and at the beginnings of environmental recovery.
Horizon investigates a theory that for millions of years the Earth was entirely smothered in ice, stretching from the poles to the tropics.
Roundup of efforts to recycle more of our waste, narrated by Tony Britton.
The Amazon soil offers a prehistoric clue to the truth behind the 'cities of gold' and a possible answer to rainforest destruction.
Horizon meets the scientists working to make fatal car crashes a thing of the past. A remarkable fusion of mechanical engineering and biology promises to save countless lives across the world. The programme has exclusive access to the secretive world of the most advanced car crash tests. Horizon reveals how the latest advances in trauma medicine, psychology and even extreme sport are transforming your chances of surviving on the roads. And the programme shows how researchers are creating a new virtual crash test dummy that could change how our cars are designed forever.
Feeling ill at work? It could be your building that's to blame. When Sick Building Syndrome strikes, it brings a flurry of mild symptoms such as headache, tiredness, sore eyes and runny nose. Horizon follows the investigation of one sick building where 94 per cent of the occupants report symptoms. Investigators know it's not a serious infection like Legionnaire's disease, but until now have been stumped to find a cause. Could it be dust or moulds in the ventilation ducts, too few negative ions in the air, even a build-up of chemicals? By piecing together different strands of new research, they can now discover the culprit.
Asteroids – The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
Something weird seems to be happening to our weather – it appears to be getting more extreme. In the past few years we have shivered through two record-breaking cold winters and parts of the country have experienced intense droughts and torrential floods. It is a pattern that appears to be playing out across the globe. Hurricane chasers are recording bigger storms and in Texas, record-breaking rain has been followed by record-breaking drought. Horizon follows the scientists who are trying to understand what's been happening to our weather and investigates if these extremes are a taste of what's to come.
A look at the powerful forces that created the devastating Japanese earthquake.
People with narcolepsy fall asleep all the time. Could their condition offer us all a route to a future without tiredness?
Horizon examines how the mariners' mythical wall of water could indeed be a quantum physics reality.
Cat Watch 2014: The New Horizon Experiment: A Cat's Eye View
Flint tools found on both sides of the Atlantic ocean suggest a whole new version of North American prehistory.
Dr Alice Roberts asks one of the great questions about our species: are we still evolving? There's no doubt that we're a product of millions of years of evolution. But thanks to modern technology and medicine, did we escape Darwin's law of the survival of the fittest? Alice follows a trail of clues from ancient human bones, to studies of remarkable people living in the most inhospitable parts of the planet, to the frontiers of genetic research to discover if we are still evolving – and where we might be heading.
What is wrong with nudity? Why are people embarrassed about their bodies? How and why did they get the way they are? Horizon takes a group of volunteers and subjects them to a series of psychological and physical tests to challenge attitudes to the naked human form. The questions raised strike at the heart of human physical and social evolution. Human beings are the only creatures that can be 'naked' - but why, how and when did people lose their fur? That question takes Horizon around the world to meet scientists from Africa to Florida, and they are finding answers in unexpected places: the chest hair of Finnish students, the genetic history of lice, and the sweat of an unusual monkey. It turns out that something everyone takes for granted may hold the key to the success of the entire human species.
This programme looks into how physiological processes in the body and the brain can make the final weeks and months of a diet difficult. Fiona Gribble runs an experiment to show that the rate at which the Feasters eat their food affects how full they feel, Giles Yeo demonstrates how eating breakfast can help the Constant Cravers, and Paul Aveyard demonstrates ways that will help the Emotional Eaters learn how to deal with occasional indulgences and avoid further relapse. Lastly, the final results of the study are announced, revealing how successful the diet personalisation approach has been for the group and how many of the volunteers made their five per cent weight-loss target.
The Beginning of Life / Science Friction
Every day you make thousands of decisions, big and small, and behind all them is a powerful battle in your mind, pitting Intuition against logic. This conflict affects every aspect of your life - from what you eat to what you believe, and especially to how you spend your money. And it turns out that the intuitive part of your mind is a lot more powerful than you may realise.
Carrot or Stick: A Horizon Guide to Raising Kids
Horizon reveals the untold story of the 87-day battle to kill the Deepwater Horizon oil blowout a mile beneath the waves – a crisis that became America's worst environmental disaster. Engineers and oil men at the heart of the operation talk for the first time about the colossal engineering challenges they faced and how they had to improvise under extreme pressure. They tell of how they used household junk, discarded steel boxes and giant underwater cutting shears to stop the oil. It's an operation that one insider likens to the rescue of Apollo 13.

The Sparticles, Holly and Serena all go to Peace City on their way to the River Artos. As Reese is being pulled through as she tells Sadiq, "Peace City might be the Quantum Nexus." Holly and Serena lose the sword . Fizzy puts up wanted posters for the Sparticles. Reese meets another person who has special powers named Huen. Tensions rise as Ernesto and Callum arrive. As Holly and Serena exit, Holly spots the sword and shows Serena it hadn't dissolved in the acid bath. She grabs it and they decide to head off for Water Mint Mill.
Note: First Appearance of Huen and guest appearance of Ernesto.

Aftershock: The Hunt for Gravitational Waves

Rugby League International Federation International Newcomer of the Year

The famous domes of Buckminster Fuller have covered more square feet of the earth's surface than any other structure. I'm not a dome salesman, I'm an explorer in structures. I'm interested in the. main fundamental principles of how nature holds her shapes together.
Just months ago, the world stood in fear of an emerging new disease that threatened to kill millions. A new flu variant H1N1 had arrived. In the UK alone, 65,000 deaths were predicted. Yet to date, these dire warnings have not materialised. If this latest pandemic has taught anything, it is just how little is understood about the invisible world of viruses. But that has not stopped scientists trying. Horizon follows the leading researchers from across the world, who are attempting to unravel the many secrets of viruses to understand when and why they kill.
Dr Kevin Fong investigates a pioneering technique of extreme cooling that is being used to bring people back from the dead. In the operating theatre, a patient's heart is stopped and their brain shows no activity. They are indistinguishable from someone who is dead. Yet patients can then be warmed up and brought back to life. Kevin Fong meets the doctors who have developed this procedure, finds out how it could revolutionise intensive care and trauma medicine, and meets some of the remarkable people who have been brought back from the dead.
Did Sir William Crookes, later President of the Royal Society, really witness the materialisation of the buxom spirit of Katie King, long-dead daughter of a Caribbean pirate? Do famous experiments performed by parapsychologists prove beyond doubt that telepathy and precognition are scientific fact? Horizon sifts the evidence for and against the existence of such occult phenomena, and invites viewers to participate in an experiment.
An exploration of theories pioneered by British scientist Professor David Barker, who believes that the time people spend in the womb is so profoundly important that it could affect every area of their subsequent development, from health and personality to the lives of their children.
Meet the scientific prophets who claim we are on the verge of creating a new type of human - a human v2.0. It's predicted that by 2029 computer intelligence will equal the power of the human brain. Some believe this will revolutionise humanity - we will be able to download our minds to computers extending our lives indefinitely. Others fear this will lead to oblivion by giving rise to destructive ultra intelligent machines. One thing they all agree on is that the coming of this moment - and whatever it brings - is inevitable.
The first of Kate O'Sullivan's trilogy of films about Antarctica. Antarctica's polar ice sheet is the highest, coldest, windiest, driest and most unforgiving place on Earth. The average temperature near the South Pole is minus 49 degrees C, winds reach over 2000km an hour and water in liquid form is scarce. Yet this hostile environment has now become the last frontier on Earth and, each year, a population of 3,000 human colonists tries to settle here. This film focuses on the risks and rigours of living in this inhospitable continent.

The Sparticles and Holly and Serena bump into a circus tribe while searching for the white horse. For Serena, will it be a happy reunion with her sister?
Note: Tia, Callum, and Fizzy are absent in this episode.

The Ranchers have invited a tribe of seriously idle girls into their hotel. As they take advantage, the Ranchers are forced to fight back − but who will be turfed out of their home? Holly is anxious when she realizes the journey to the Sparticle Project is coming to its conclusion. She leaves her fellow Questers trapped in an underground nuclear bunker, but there is another force at work. A computer which thinks there has been a nuclear war competes against the ingenuity of the children in a battle of wits.
Note: Callum is absent for this episode

Dynamo is the life story of a supreme experimentalist: it relives some of the turning points in Faraday's remarkable career in science, and reconstructs the crucial work he carried out in the laboratory at the Royal Institution, which remains as it was when he worked there a hundred years ago.
Narrated by Christopher Chataway, the episode covered the methods of psychiatric therapist, Irene Kassorla
Scientists and researchers discuss their efforts to thwart potentially lethal strains of bacteria that have grown resistant to conventional antibiotics. The programme follows projects designed to track the global spread of the organisms, and reveals new techniques that are being developed to protect and treat patients.
Gerald Edelman, The Man Who Made Up His Mind
Third in a three-part Horizon Special series on the Soviet manned space programme, this one concentrating on the story of the two Soviet cosmonauts who risked their lives earlier this year in a space walk to try and repair their stricken craft, as well as anecdotes from veteran cosmonauts.
Thirty thousand children in this country today are mentally subnormal. They will never grow up. Their intelligence has been permanently and profoundly damaged, often without warning and with no known cause. What sort of future can these children expect? This programme examines new techniques which enable such children to overcome low intelligence and master ordinary skills of living. It looks at how psychologists try to solve their learning difficulties in the hope of breaking down the barriers of incomprehension. Horizon reports on the changing outlook for children who are, as one doctor calls them, strangers in their own country.
Humans share 99% of their DNA with chimpanzees and yet from the moment of birth, their lives are completely different. Anthropologist Alice Roberts investigates the factors that separate mankind from its closest living relatives, exploring differences in physiology, genetic make-up and in the brain.
Looks at the manufacturing processes involved in the production of a new five pound note due to be launched in June 1990. Considers the design and production of currency, and the intricate techniques developed to prevent forgeries.
Where must the Money Go? / Phantoms Incorporated

* Megan Young
* Tom Rodriguez
* Lauren Young
* Jaclyn Jose

A man playing chess blindfold against eight opponents, an American worm eating its relatives, an octopus reacting to a scientist's signals in Naples... These arc some of the elements in tonight's investigation of memory. Research on the brain and its workings has recently expanded enormously, producing a record crop of scientific theories. But how near are we yet to any real knowledge of the mysterious processes by which we record, store, and recall our memories?
The programme explores the murky and fast-paced world of people using computers to steal money and identities, as well as wreaking havoc with users online lives. The film reveals the methods scientists are using to help defeat the hackers, meets the two men who uncovered the world's first cyber weapon, and the computer expert who worked out how to hack into cash machines.
You might think that your memory is there to help you remember facts, such as birthdays or shopping lists. If so, you would be very wrong. The ability to travel back in time in your mind is, perhaps, your most remarkable ability, and develops over your lifespan. Horizon takes viewers on an extraordinary journey into the human memory. From the woman who is having her most traumatic memories wiped by a pill, to the man with no memory, this film reveals how these remarkable human stories are transforming our understanding of this unique human ability. The findings reveal the startling truth that everyone is little more than their own memory.
The End of God?: A Horizon Guide to Science and Religion
What chance do you have of getting a better job? Today, applying for one often means submitting to innumerable tests not only of ability and intelligence but also of personality. But just how valid are these tests? Horizon examines some of the techniques used by the boom industry of Management Selection and follows two candidates through their ordeal.
This summer thousands of holiday-makers are spending their first day in the Costa del Gatwick, as foreign air traffic controllers struggle to find space for them. Here, a new flight is crammed into the airspace every ten seconds. Horizon gained unprecedented access to investigate how air traffic control really works. One dimly lit operations room handles everything that flies over England and Wales. Yet controllers say equipment is out of date and keeps breaking down. Plans for the new London City Airport went wrong a few weeks after opening day. Why? How much longer can controllers struggle with the tidal wave of aircraft?
The Big Dishes: A look at some of the huge new radio telescopes which have recently started work in Britain, France, Russia, America, and elsewhere. Sir Bernard Lovell, Professor Martin Ryle and M. Emiljacques Blum explain the scientific motive for this vast expenditure. The Living Stream: Sir Alister Hardy , F.R.S., formerly Linacre Professor of Zoology at Oxford. discusses his controversial book on evolution.
Professor Lesley Regan , one of the UK's most respected medical experts, takes a scientific look at the world of makeup. Having just turned 50, Lesley happily inspects the wrinkles, age spots and broken veins on her own face in order to explore what exactly it is that makes us look old, and whether or not the ageing process can really be slowed down.
Behind the scenes of Curiosity, NASA's latest mission to investigate the possibility of life on Mars. The agency aims to land a nuclear-powered rover vehicle, which cost $2.5billion to develop, on the surface of the planet by winching it down from a rocket-powered crane, then use it to explore the terrain. The programme also discovers the lessons experts have learned from previous expeditions, many of which ended in failure, and the project's chief scientist John Grotzinger discusses what he hopes the mission will reveal.
The virus that causes AIDS has become one of the most intensively studied disease-causing organisms in the history of science. Its anatomy has been dissected, and the way it penetrates the body's defences understood. This year a vaccine has reached the crucial stage of testing in monkeys. And a powerful new drug may offer some hope to sufferers. But the more AIDS researchers learn, the more worried they become. The virus has now infected 20 million people across the globe; it is spreading sexually between males and females; and attacking not only the immune system, but also the brain. Eventually, hundreds of thousands of young people with AIDS may require specialised mental health care.

* Karsten Balke, CEO
* Stephan Wenzel, CFO
* Thomas Wazinski

Adam Rutherford explores synthetic biology, a branch of science that researchers hope will enable them to break nature down into constituent parts so they can rebuild it as they please. He learns about the spider-goat, a creature bred by American scientists, whose milk can be used to artificially create the material for spiderwebs, and investigates how the science behind it could be applied to other areas of the natural world – including the human brain.

Air Assault, Coastal Operations, Heli Operations, RDF Operations, Raids

This Yankee Dodge Beats Mesmerism Hollow
How are animal experiments carried out in Britain and what would be at risk if they were controlled more strictly?
Horizon investigates an extremely rare and destructive phenomenon that strikes every few thousand years: a mega-tsunami.

Florida State 2015 Basketball Commitments

David Baddiel, father of two, sets out to answer one of the greatest questions a parent can ask: how best to educate your child. Taking in the latest scientific research, David uncovers some unconventional approaches: from the parent hot-housing his child to record-breaking feats of maths, to a school that pays hard cash for good grades. David witnesses a ground-breaking experiment that suggests a child's destiny can be predicted at four, and hears the three little words that can ruin a child's chance of success for good. He also uncovers the neurological basis for why teenagers can be stroppy and explosive and has his own brain tinkered with to experience what it is like to struggle at school. Through it all, David's quest remains true: to maximise his child's potential for success and happiness.

The Questers on their way to the Sparticle Project discover a bucolic village run on communal principals. Reese 'sees' Muna again and with the help of Tamsin, one of the village kids, Kat figures out that the wormhole events are occurring at points where leylines intersect. Some of the Questers, however, have been caught red-handed stealing food and are made to stand trial in the children's court where the issue is whether stealing to survive is justified. Jeffrey is proud of his abundant garden, but when a few hungry girls turn up at the hotel, he finds himself at war.

Note: Guest Appearance of Muna
Note: Callum is absent in this episode

For fifty years, the Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence has been scanning the galaxy for a message from an alien civilisation. So far to no avail, but a recent breakthrough suggests they may one day succeed. Horizon joins the planet hunters who've discovered a new world called Gliese 581 c. It is the most Earth-like planet yet found around another star and may have habitats capable of supporting life. NASA too hopes to find fifty more Earth-like planets by the end of the decade, all of which dramatically increases the chance that alien life has begun elsewhere in the galaxy.
Marcus Du Sautoy wants to find out how close we are to creating machines that can think like us: robots or computers that have artificial intelligence. His journey takes him to a strange and bizarre world where AI is now taking shape. Marcus meets two robots who are developing their own private language, and attempts to communicate to them. He discovers how a super computer beat humans at one of the toughest quiz shows on the planet, Jeopardy. And finds out if machines can have creativity and intuition like us. Marcus is worried that if machines can think like us, then he will be out of business. But his conclusion is that AI machines may surprise us with their own distinct way of thinking.
Part of the Doctors to Be series. October 1985. The medical students face their first exams.
So you want to be an Inventor? / The Severed Hand

(Pinewood Studios publicity shot, circa 1956)

Good news: computers won't take over after all. Thinking can't be produced just by running a computer programme. So argues John Searle, a philosopher at the University of California. His controversial views annoy those scientists who work to create 'artificial intelligence'. They believe thinking can be done by computer. Using a play in Cantonese, a machine that looks like an old mangle and the ideas and images of recent news, Horizon explores the limitations of digital computers.
Professor Brian Cox takes a journey through the BBC science archive to explore the story of man's relationship with the moon, from James Burke testing Nasa equipment to Neil Armstrong's first steps on the lunar surface and the dramatic tale of Apollo 13. He also asks whether international competition could help reignite the public's enthusiasm for space travel and bring about the dawn of a new space age.

While visiting the university to find food, Reese discovers a message from Doomsday Dora explaining how the adults disappeared and urging the children to help them return. Meanwhile, Holly is held hostage by the only remaining adult.

Note: Guest Appearance of Doomsday Dora and Anita.
Note: Callum is absent for this episode

The Sparticles arrive at a 'haunted' house and find the next Sensitive, who doesn't know how to use his powers. However, when Aris disappears, the rest of the Sparticles vanish one by one. The source of the kidnappings is Queen Kylie, who reached the house first and is aware of a different sensitive who turns out to be the 'ghost' in the house. Reese and Yanx have the perfect opportunity to send Kylie home but are stopped by Aris, who believes he is saving his mother and leaves with her. The Sparticles leave the mansion with confirmation that Orion has been broken out of the citadel and that Kylie is planning to block the Sensonet at the Circle of Perpetual Time You never acually do find out who the ghost is although you do see him..

Note: Serena, Ernesto, Orion, Dora, Erimon, Fizzy, Bryan and HoloDora are absent in this episode.
Note: Guest Appearance of Yanx.

Horizon interviews physicists on their theories of the structure of matter. Richard Feynman, Murray Gell-Mann, Yuval Ne'eman and Nicholas Samios explain their current understanding of the Omega-minus particle .

Charlotte, North Carolina, United States

Horizon follows the preparation of the five astronauts of the space shuttle Discovery, the first shuttle flight since the Challenger disaster of 1986.
Will the next major war be fought with biological and chemical weapons? What are the available weapons? What is the horror they can cause? Is there any moral justification for their use?.
Particle physicist and ex D:Ream keyboard player Dr Brian Cox wants to know why the Universe is built the way it is. He believes the answers lie in the force of gravity. But Newton thought gravity was powered by God, and even Einstein failed to completely solve it. Heading out with his film crew on a road trip across the USA, Brian fires lasers at the moon in Texas, goes mad in the desert in Arizona, encounters the bending of space and time at a maximum security military base, tries to detect ripples in our reality in the swamps of Louisiana and searches for hidden dimensions just outside Chicago.
The Panama Canal, now a billion-dollar commercial crossroads, was in 1881 a snake-infested forest and swamp, harbouring yellow fever and malaria, with sawgrass that shredded skin like a razor. When the jungle beat Old World canal diggers from France, engineers from the brash young United States took over, fired by the success of their new transcontinental railroad. Of the half million workers, who toiled for decades to create this new wonder of the world, 28,000 died. Today the canal carries 12,000 ships a year. But its future is threatened, because of damage to the rain forest on which Panama depends.
Is Everything We Know About the Universe Wrong?
How best to make a man: Learning begins at birth. A Harvard scientist has begun a series of experiments to try to understand some of the complex processes involved. This film shows the first intriguing steps he has taken with a three-month-old baby: possibly the earliest stages in discovering. How best to make a scientist: Most people in this country are scientifically illiterate, yet most of us were taught some science at school. Is it so difficult-or were we taught in the wrong way? Horizon takes a critical look at some new approaches to science teaching.
We are the only species on earth that cooks its food – and we are also the cleverest species on the planet. The question is: do we cook because we're clever and imaginative, or are we clever and imaginative because our ancestors discovered cooking? Horizon examines the evidence that our ancestors' changing diet and their mastery of fire prompted anatomical and neurological changes that resulted in taking us out of the trees and into the kitchen.
Battered Baby, 1: From Generation to Generation

Society of West End Theatre Awards Actor of the Year;

The Great Computer Scandal / H-Bomb Detectors
The Brain Gain / The Sudden Night / Learning to Speak
New research suggests the connections in men's and women's brains follow different patterns, which might explain typical forms of gender-specific behaviour. Dr Michael Mosley and Professor Alice Roberts investigate whether these are innate or are shaped by the outside world, using a team of human guinea pigs and a troop of Barbary monkeys to test the science and challenge old stereotypes. They ask whether this new scientific research will benefit both sexes or drive them even further apart.
Has science become so expensive and complex today that the amateur can no longer participate? Tonight we meet a few of the amateurs who are participating; they include a radio astronomer, a microscopist, a palaeoanthropologist, and a Scottish Minister of the Church who is a world expert on computing the position of comets The programme is introduced by C. L. Stong the writer of the monthly column on amateur science in the Scientific American
Examining award-winning pianist Nick van Bloss's life with Tourette's, and how the symptoms of his illness disappeared when he channelled his energy into playing the instrument. But was his illness the real cause of his success? This programme speaks with scientists who believe that genius can be traced to a person's chemistry, and attempts to determine whether Nick's brain patterns dictate the unique way in which he views the world.
Bees are worth £430 million to Britain's agriculture sector and a third of UK food is reliant on pollination, but their numbers have been falling dramatically. In this film, journalist and beekeeper Bill Turnbull examines the array of conflicting evidence in a bid to determine what is responsible for the decline and meets scientists who are fitting radar transponders to the insects to establish why numbers are falling.

The Sparticles, on the run from the Bounty Hunters, stop in at a trading post only to find a layline and another sensitive named Orien like the constallation. Sadiq, Holly, Frankie and Kim are locked up while looking for the boy, Orion, but are soon rescued by Reese and Aris before the Bounty Hunters find them. Orion shows Reese and Aris a book which relates to their dreams and the laylines. After Serena gets Ernesto accidentally tied up and turned into a trap, the rest of the Sparticles are trapped but are rescued by Orion who sends Jenna home, taking Fizzy and Bryan's relationship down a notch. The Sparticles escape but leave Orion and his friend behind to be mind-wiped.

Note: First Appearance of Orion and last appearance of Jenna.
Note: Rat is absent in this episode.

The changing attitudes of science through two lectures, given more than a hundred years apart, on-the candle. The first lecture was given by Michael Faraday 1791-1867 Fullerian Professor of Chemistry, Royal Institution, London. The second lecture is given by George Porter born 1920 Professor of Chemistry, Sheffield University
The second in a trilogy of programmes studying obesity. As the search for drugs to reduce appetite by resetting control mechanisms in the brain continues, new research uncovers the powerful food ingredients that could win the slimming war. The programme examines the lengths to which some overweight people are prepared to go in attempting to reduce their size, from stomach stapling to the ingestion of dangerous drugs.
A gas cloud has strayed within the gravitational reach of a super-massive black hole in the centre of the Milky Way and is expected to be affected by it at some point this summer. Across the globe, telescopes are being trained on the heart of Earth's galaxy in the expectation of observing this cosmic spectacle for the first time in history.
Impact! A Horizon Guide to Plane Crashes
An investigation into the discovery of Boxgrove Man.
At a time when the use of teaching machines is fast expanding, Horizon looks at the principles behind them and enquires into their success. Those appearing include Professor B. F. Skinner a learning psychologist of Harvard and Gordon Pask, a pioneer of the teaching machine who explains how putting man and machine together to learn from each other is a valuable way to find out how we learn.
Liz Bonnin explores the transit of Venus, an event which takes place just after 11pm tonight and offers a rare opportunity to see the planet passing across the face of the sun. She explains why the orbits of Venus and Earth mean they are only aligned twice every century, and investigates what studies of Venus have revealed about life on Earth. Solar physicist Lucie Green investigates James Cook's 1769 voyage to Tahiti to observe the transit, and oceanographer Helen Czerski explores how Earth and Venus came to be so different.
Two days after Exercise Purple Warrior lands on 'Kaig', Orange attacks the Task Force with bombs and Exocets. Meanwhile, in London at the Command Centre used for the Falklands War, staff are still catching up on the overnight signals and getting ready to brief Admiral Dingemans. At sea, off 'Kaig', Admiral White is preparing to transfer command of the Joint Force of 17,000 men and 39 ships to General Vaux. First Vaux must establish his headquarters ashore, but the weather is beginning to close in, making all amphibious movements unpredictable....
What Makes Us Clever? A Horizon Guide to Intelligence
Science Fiction, Science Fact / The Dolphins that Joined The Navy

Dora's Neuroscrambler machine goes wrong, causing Aris to lose his memory. Meanwhile, a resistance member Jenna snitches on the Sparticles via a Truthline and joins the bounty hunters Fizzy and Bryan. They kidnap Frankie while she's away from the others but Ernesto leads them to an abandoned factory, where the Sparticles manage to rescue Frankie and slow down the bounty hunters but also manage to get Ernesto fired from the resistance. Meanwhile, Dora helps Aris escape after wiping his memory and Kim discovers she is Holly's teen Mother.
Note: First Appearance of Rat and Jenna.

The second of Kate O'Sullivan's Antarctic trilogy. The mystery of what formed the vast continent of Antarctica has obsessed explorers since Shackleton and Scott. Piecing together evidence from the tiny amount of rock exposed above the ice, geologists have come up with a radical theory that may also predict how Antarctica will change in the future.
The Natural History Museum is a place of enthusiasts: the hundreds of children who swarm through the public galleries each day and the 350 naturalists employed by the museum. Their job is to look after and do research on one of the largest collections of living organisms in the world. Tonight's programme is a chance to look behind the scenes of a well-known institution. It is also about the public who visit it and the people who work there.

* Rodney Boneparte
* Ben Crouse
* Stephan Geldenhuys
* Quinton Immelman
* AJ Jacobs
* Cwengile Jadezweni
* Jason Jaftha
* Jaco Kotze
* Pro Legoete
* Lloyd Linton
* Tahla Ntshakaza
* Francois Pretorius
* Jaco Pretorius
* Oregopotse Rametsi
* Archie Sehlako
* Ricus van der Hoven
* Lourens van der Merwe
* Kurt Weaver

Is there any limit to improvements In human athletic performance? If so, what? Roger Bannister, the first four-minute miler, discusses his performances In tonight's programme with physiologists and psychiatrists who make their predictions.
Last century, earthquakes killed over one million, and it is predicted that this century might see ten times as many deaths. Yet when an earthquake strikes, it always takes people by surprise. So why hasn't science worked out how to predict when and where the next big quake is going to happen? This is the story of the men and women who chase earthquakes and try to understand this mysterious force of nature. Journeying to China's Sichuan Province, which still lies devastated by the earthquake that struck in May 2008, as well as the notorious San Andreas Fault in California, Horizon asks why science has so far fallen short of answering this fundamental question.
The flow of electricity with absolutely no loss due to resistance could mean far cheaper power, levitated trains and ever-faster computers. But until 1986, the technology was so complicated and expensive that almost its only use was for the powerful magnets of medical scanners. This is the story of a scientific breakthrough and the hectic race that followed - for superconductors that work at higher temperatures, for applications and lucrative manufacturing patents, for an explanation of how the new materials work... and with luck, a share in a Nobel prize.
Red Star in Orbit, 2: The Dark Side of the Moon
Plastic surgeon Dr Rozina Ali leaves the operating theatre behind for the frontiers of skin science and asks if it is possible to make your skin look younger without surgery. She examines why some people appear to age better than others, and explores scientific innovations including a pill that manufacturers claim has rejuvenating properties. She also discovers how the contents of a squid's eye could change people's experiences of summer.
In a Horizon special, naturalist Sir David Attenborough investigates whether the world is heading for a population crisis. In his lengthy career, Sir David has watched the human population more than double from 2.5 billion in 1950 to nearly seven billion. He reflects on the profound effects of this rapid growth, both on humans and the environment. While much of the projected growth in human population is likely to come from the developing world, it is the lifestyle enjoyed by many in the West that has the most impact on the planet. Some experts claim that in the UK consumers use as much as two and a half times their fair share of Earth's resources. Sir David examines whether it is the duty of individuals to commit not only to smaller families, but to change the way they live for the sake of humanity and planet Earth.
The quest to live longer has been one of humanities oldest dreams, but while scientists have been searching, a few isolated communities have stumbled across the answer. On the remote Japanese island of Okinawa, In the Californian town of Loma Linda and in the mountains of Sardinia people live longer than anywhere else on earth. In these unique communities a group of scientists have dedicated their lives to trying to uncover their secrets. Horizon takes a trip around the globe to meet the people who can show us all how to live longer, healthier lives.
The Large Hadron Collider at CERN has been upgraded. When it's switched on in March 2015, its collisions will have twice the energy they did before. The hope is that scientists will discover the identity of dark matter in the debris. The stakes are high - because if dark matter fails to show itself, it might mean that physics itself needs a rethink.
Sex-change frequently makes press headlines along with confusing reports of the physiology involved. The withdrawal of five gold-medal-winning women athletes from this year's European Championships, supposedly to avoid the recently introduced 'sex checks' has raised the question again. What does 'sex-change' mean? Does it, in fact, happen? In one of tonight's items Horizon looks at this complex psychological and physiological subject.
Investigations into temporal lobe epilepsy seem to suggest that our brains are naturally programmed to believe in religion.

The Sparticles head to a 'Quantum Anomaly' known as 'The Zone' to visit a sensitive with healing powers so he can make Holly recover from a mysterious illness. The sensitive, known as Jason, reveals that Holly is pregnant and in perfect health, much to Ernesto's shock and delight. Meanwhile the bounty hunters chase Reese and Aris into a Quantum Fracture where the two find themselves in the adult dimension, and manage to download HoloDora onto a tablet and return home to continue on with the mission.

Note: Queen Kylie, Orion, Dora and Erimon are absent in this episode.
Note: Guest Appearance of Jason and Holly's mother.

Since its discovery on Easter morning in 1722, Easter Island has remained a fascinating puzzle. It is the most isolated inhabited land on earth, and yet it was also home to a glorious stone culture. Can the mystery of its giant statues ever be solved? Who built them, how and why - and what happened to the civilisation that once flourished there? From all over the world scientists are drawn to this lonely spot, in search of answers. In the first of a two-part investigation, Horizon pieces together the clues that can reveal the secrets of a vanished past.
A study of aggression. Cain, the son of Adam, was the first violent murderer after the Garden of Eden. Have we inevitably inherited his worst characteristics? Is aggression our birthright? Can a society exist without violence? None too soon our aggressive instinct is being given a thorough scientific analysis. Konrad Lorenz and scientists from many other disciplines look at aggression and violence in our time.

A Blue Ensign defaced with four stars of the Crux Australis in red, outlined in white.

For divers, seamen, and most often bathers, the word shark in many parts of the world spells danger, sometimes death. Not all species are dangerous, but some are killers. Why is this? At laboratories in the United States and Australia scientists are trying to find the answers. Especially, how are sharks able to detect a swimmer from great distances, and why do they attack some and not others? Tonight Horizon presents an Australian film which examines our attempts to understand one of the oldest inhabitants of the sea, and perhaps learn from the shark how we may live in the ocean environment.
We have an extraordinary relationship with dogs – closer than with any other animal on the planet. But what makes the bond between us so special? Research into dogs is gaining momentum, and scientists are investigating them like never before. From the latest fossil evidence, to the sequencing of the canine genome, to cognitive experiments, dogs are fast turning into the new chimps as a window into understanding ourselves. Where does this relationship come from? In Siberia, a unique breeding experiment reveals the astonishing secret of how dogs evolved from wolves. Swedish scientists demonstrate how the human/dog bond is controlled by a powerful hormone also responsible for bonding mothers to their babies. Why are dogs so good at reading our emotions? Horizon meets Betsy, reputedly the world's most intelligent dog, and compares her incredible abilities to those of children. Man's best friend has recently gone one step further – helping us identify genes responsible for causing human diseases.
Delving into the Horizon archives, Dallas Campbell discovers how our understanding of intelligence has transformed over the last century.
Horizon traces the spread of a newly identified disease, AIDS, across America.
The Tasaday, a remote Philippine tribe living 'in the Stone Age', are now seen as a famous scientific hoax. But when they were first discovered, in 1971, they were hailed as the anthropological find of the century. How did these people dupe every scientist who went to see them? Horizon has investigated the extraordinary story and arrived at a quite different conclusion. Weigh up the evidence from their stone tools, their language, their knowledge of plants and.... perhaps there wasn't a hoax at all.
There is a strange and mysterious world that surrounds us, a world largely hidden from our senses. The quest to explain the true nature of reality is one of the great scientific detective stories. Clues have been pieced together from deep within the atom, from the event horizon of black holes, and from the far reaches of the cosmos. It may be that we are part of a cosmic hologram, projected from the edge of the universe. Or that we exist in an infinity of parallel worlds. Your reality may never look quite the same again.
Two-and-a-half years ago, broadcaster Glyn Worsnip was told he had an incurable brain disease. Like many thousands with obscure diseases he wanted to know: what research is going on? Who is paying for it? Are patients getting the benefit? To get answers, he questions the Medical Research Council, a Nobel Prize winner, his own GP, a large drug company, small charity support groups and eminent doctors round the country.

When a group of children return to the surface of a day out trip they won, every single person over 15 has disappeared. Meanwhile Kat and her mum and sister argue. She turns around and find out that they,too,are gone. The kids who'd been in the cave - Ami, Sadiq, Reese, Jordan and Callum - take a car to see what is going on but while going to the police station, Callum decides to leave. Sadiq calls for him and Callum almost hits Sadiq with a brick on purpose. They leave the car and enter a supermarket at Ami's request. Kat finds her next door neighbor, Liam, trapped in his room because his mother grounded him for 5 minutes. She lets him out and they find an ice-cream van. After she gives Liam an ice-cream, they head to the supermarket. Just before Sadiq puts his hand in the till, Kat appears and confronts him.
Note: First Appearance of Kat, Sadiq, Tia, Jeffrey, Reece, Ami, Jordan, Frankie, Liam and Callum.

Michael Mosley investigates recent scientific research that could change the way people exercise, including a study that suggests many could benefit from just three minutes of high-intensity activity a week. He also discovers the health benefits of seemingly innocuous actions, such as walking and fidgeting, and learns why some people do not respond to exercise at all.
Sir Walter's Journey, A Genetic Map of Britain
Horizon Revisited, Michael Adler on AIDS
What makes ordinary people commit extreme acts of violence? In a thought-provoking and disturbing journey, Michael Portillo investigates one of the darker sides of human nature. He discovers what it is like to inflict pain and is driven to the edge of violence himself in an extreme sleep deprivation study. He meets men for whom violence has become an addiction and ultimately discovers that each of us could be inherently more violent than we think, and watches a replication of one of the most controversial studies in history, the Milgram study. Will study participants be willing to administer a seemingly lethal electric shock to someone they think is an innocent bystander?
The story of how and why Dolly the sheep, the first cloned copy of an adult mammal, came to be created.

A trail is laid for the Treasure Hunt, but the two competing teams start falling apart. Loyalties become strained and old rivals become new friends. Holly understood the last letter of the last episode and is teamed up with Serena. Holly soon discovers that Serena is on the Sparticles side rather than hers. Holly leaves her hurt by the riverside and teams up with Ernesto and Fizzy and is soon joined by Reese to destroy the Quantum Nexus.They now make a group called The Freedom 4. The Sparticles soon find Serena using the tennis balls to guide them and discover the others are already ahead in the Quantum Nexus. Jeffrey stays behind to help Serena while the others go ahead and discover the Quantum Nexus.

Clive Sinclair, The Anatomy of an Inventor
In the final episode of this three-part scientific study, Liz Bonnin and the team examine the secret language of cats, revealing the surprising conversations they have when their owners are asleep, and investigating why they meow to humans but not one another. They rig a house with cameras and trackers to discover if four cats residing under one roof can all get on and find out why living alongside people is making things difficult for 21st-century felines.
A profile of the inventor Clive Sinclair.

The Presidency Building in central Sarajevo

An investigation of why circumcised children from the Lozi and Luvale Tribes of Africa appear to have much reduced HIV infection rates.
In November 2005, 37-year-old mother of two Isabelle Dinoire became the first person in the world to receive a new face. The decision made by French surgeons to perform the operation went against the findings of almost every other ethical committee in the world and has since sparked a fierce debate over the ethics of the operation. With the long-term effects still unknown, do the risks outweigh the benefits? Are face transplants really in the best interest of the patient?
Why are you more likely to have a heart attack at eight o'clock in the morning or crash your car on the motorway at two o'clock in the afternoon? Can taking your medication at the right time of day really save your life? And have you ever wondered why teenagers will not get out of bed in the morning? The answers to these questions lie in the secret world of the biological clock.
Two disruptive children are followed through a controversial treatment regime.
Science Fiction : Science Fact / Alone and Unarmed
Geologist Iain Stewart investigates a new and controversial method of extracting natural gas from deep underground that involves hydraulic fracturing - or Fracking, as it is known. He travels to America to find out what the process is and what can be learned from the US experience, meeting people who have become rich from it, as well as those bothered about any risks to their communities.
Weapons are being developed that are controlled by computers to destroy specific targets.

Reese uses her 'powers' and the help of Holodora to work out the secret to ridding the world of Queen Kylie and the Teen Parents. Reese finds out that the 'Red Dragon' comet is going to pass by in September and that it's made of luminite. Meanwhile, Ernesto and Serena are attempting to earn Rat's trust again by going through rather straining military exercises, Fizzy and Bryan make a breakthrough with finding the Sparticles and Dora finds out how to get Orion to connect with Reese.

Note:First regular appearance of HoloDora
Note:Guest appearance of Yarah

Bruno Bettelheim, 2: A Sense of Surviving
For centuries scientists have been attempting to come up with an elixir of youth. Now remarkable discoveries are suggesting that ageing is something flexible that can ultimately be manipulated. Horizon meets the scientists who are attempting to piece together why we age and more vitally for all of us, what we can do to prevent it. But which theory will prevail? Does the 95-year-old woman who smokes two packets of cigarettes a day hold the clue? Do blueberries really delay signs of ageing or is it more a question of attitude? Does the real key to controlling how we age lie with a five-year-old boy with an extraordinary ageing disease or with a self-experimenting Harvard professor? Could one of these breakthroughs really see our lives extend past 120 years?
To celebrate its 50th birthday, Horizon invites the public to play a role in tackling the greatest challenges facing science today.
Restless Genius / Faster, Farther, Higher

Black Bottom, Detroit, Michigan, United States

Armour Mafia Family, Once Armour Always Armour, The Force The Family

They're called aloof, self-absorbed. They don't meet your eyes, won't be cuddled, can't play with other children. They are autistic children. This programme looks at this heart-rending condition and examines the way in which medicine is studying these children.
Horizon examines the effects of a major asteroid collision with the earth.
Paul Mercer, a student, wants to be a naval officer. John Josling, a manager, hopes to become a director of his company. Naval psychologists use psychometric tests which involve two days of rigorous assessment to help select their potential high-fliers. But the officer chairing the Admiralty Interview Board believes that it's not until you can look into the man's eyes that you get a feel for his true character. Are the tests valid - and is the result fair to Paul Mercer? John Josling agrees to submit himself to vigorous and potentially embarrassing personality testing. His company believes it will identify his strengths and weaknesses and assist his ambitions for promotion. But can you really change personality with paper tests?
Separating conjoined twins is one of the most challenging operations a surgeon can face. Horizon examines the dilemmas which confront doctors and parents.
The 7/7 Bombers, A Psychological Investigation
Of Big Bangs, Stick Men, and Galactic Holes
To mark the hundredth anniversary of the Wright brothers inaugural flight, Horizon tells the story of Percy Pilcher, an Englishman who could have been the first person to fly a powered aircraft. In 1899, four years before the Wright brothers, he had constructed his own aeroplane. But on the day it was due to take off, technical problems led him to fly another aircraft - a decision that ended in a fatal crash. Now, with a team of historians, aviation experts, and its own test pilot, Horizon painstakingly rebuilds Pilcher's flying machine to it to the test.
Despite the sophistication of aviation technology, airport safety still depends on a surprisingly small group of people. For this action film Horizon spent a month at London Heathrow - the world's largest, and probably safest, international airport - recording that side of airport activity the passengers never seethe work of those who guard the critical margin between safety and what could prove a national disaster.
Second in a three-part Horizon Special series on the Soviet manned space programme, looking at the story of the projects, cosmonauts and engineers involved.
The second of two programmes about the Red Planet. Traces the course of the planned manned mission to Mars, which could take place within the next twenty years. Focuses on the numerous complications involved in such a mission, from the potential physical damage caused to cosmonauts by their zero-gravity surroundings to the psychological pressures involved in the 30-month-long trip.
With the help of a hammer-wielding scientist, Jennifer Aniston and a general anaesthetic, Professor Marcus du Sautoy goes in search of answers to one of science's greatest mysteries: how do we know who we are? While the thoughts that make us feel as though we know ourselves are easy to experience, they are notoriously difficult to explain. So, in order to find out where they come from, Marcus subjects himself to a series of probing experiments. He learns at what age our self-awareness emerges and whether other species share this trait. Next, he has his mind scrambled by a cutting-edge experiment in anaesthesia. Having survived that ordeal, Marcus is given an out-of-body experience in a bid to locate his true self. And in Hollywood, he learns how celebrities are helping scientists understand the microscopic activities of our brain. Finally, he takes part in a mind-reading experiment that both helps explain and radically alters his understanding of who he is.
Horizon Revisited, A Tale of Two Feathers

Articles related to Bosnia and Herzegovina

When veteran broadcaster Alistair Cooke died in 2004 few suspected that he was yet to uncover his greatest story. What happened to his body as it lay in a funeral home would reveal a story of modern day grave robbery and helped smash a body-snatching ring that had made millions of dollars by chopping up and selling-off over 1000 bodies. Dead bodies have become big business. Each year millions of people's lives are improved by the use of tissue from the dead. Bodies are used to supply spare parts, and for surgeons to practice on. Horizon investigates the medical revolution that has created an almost insatiable demand for body parts and uncovers the growing industry and grisly black market that supplies human bodies for a price.
Horizon looks at the Human Genome Project, an attempt to map all the genes of human DNA.
Professor Alice Roberts investigates how science came to understand sex - a simple word for a very complex set of desires, including individual passions, wants and emotions. She looks at how the world of science has striven to solve people's sexual problems, and searched for ways of improving performance.
Horizon investigates growing evidence that the ultimate force of cosmological destruction - a supermassive black hole - may in fact breathe life into every galaxy in the Universe.
The story of caulerpa taxifolia, an algae that has caused devastating ecological changes in some marine habitats.
Jimmy Doherty, pig farmer, one-time scientist and poster-boy for sustainable food production is on a mission to find out if GM crops really can feed the world. We need to double the amount of food we produce in the next fifty years to feed the world's growing population. Are GM crops the answer? Or are they a dangerous Frankenstein technology that could start an environmental catastrophe? To find the answers Jimmy is on a journey that will take him from the vast soya plantations of Argentina to the traditional Amish farms of Pennsylvania; and from the cutting-edge technology of the GM laboratories to the banana plantations of Uganda.
The Mind of a Murderer, 1: The Case of the Hillside Strangler
"I find it a fantastic arrogance for artists to say that they can sit back in their studios and paint. Unfortunately the artist is not only tolerated but encouraged to do this - there is no science course for artists and I would have thought it indispensable." Frank Avray Wilson. Discussion involving Wilson, Filipino artist and writer David Medalla, Dr. Alex Comfort author, poet, and zoologist and Professor Abdus Salam nuclear physicist, who today publishes a new theory which some scientists believe may be ' the final key to unlocking the door that conceals the properties of space and time'.
Colonel Frank Borman Is one of the twenty-three men who have orbited the earth, and in the most detailed television interview ever filmed with an astronaut he tells of the experience. How does a man live In space? How does he eat. excrete, and sleep? And how does he survive the stresses of launch and re-entry? David Lutyens reports from the manned spacecraft centre at Houston, Texas.
The Mystery of King Arthur and His Round Table
We follow 20 robot cars on a remarkable race across the Nevada desert. These cars drive themselves. There are no drivers and no remote controls, they must navigate entirely on their own. The first time the race was run, the most successful entrant only made it seven miles into the 130 mile course. Will this year's robots do any better? And will any cross the finishing line and claim the two-million-dollar prize? It's a story of set-backs and crashes, as a variety of teams compete to solve one of the hardest problems in robotics.
The story of Andrew Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem
Narrated by Christopher Chataway, the episode covered the achievements and failures of Churchill's war-time science advisor Professor Frederick Lindemann.

* New York Yankees
* Montreal Expos / Washington Nationals
* Florida Marlins
* New York Yankees
* Baltimore Orioles

Insecticides are fast becoming redundant, not just because of their severe side effects, but simply because they are fast losing their effectiveness. More and more pests are becoming resistant. So alternatives must be found, and Horizon looks at the efforts both here and abroad to discover and apply them. It's work in which the scientists themselves may seem to display a fiendish cunning as they experiment with techniques that range from subtly interfering with the pest's sex life to a bizarre use of tin foil to fool the ubiquitous aphid. But one fact stands out. The pest problem is nowhere more complicated than in an ordinary British field.
After demolishing a building in Miami in 1998, workers discover a perfectly preserved circle of large holes, almost 13 metres across. Horizon follows the investigations to determine the origin of the mysterious circle, concluding that it is the remains of a forgotten tribe called the Tequesta.

* Stan Jones
* Dennis Gates
* Charlton Young

Horizon presents a portrait of renowned economist John Maynard Keynes. It follows his life story, his ideas on economics and his contributions to the arts.
The Life and Death of the Pine Processionary
Boys on Bubbles: Horizon re-stages highlights from Professor C.V. Boys' famous Christmas lectures on bubbles and surface tension which drew crowds to the London Institution sixty-six years ago. Problems and Puzzles: T.H. O'Beirne, a mathematician, challenges you to solve some of the puzzles he has invented.
The work of scientists who are adopting unusual techniques to try to determine how flashes of inspiration come about, developing a series of puzzles and brainteasers to spark creative behaviour. The latest neuro-imaging technology means researchers can witness the birth of an idea as it happens and what they are learning has the power to make everyone more creative.
Black holes are one of the most destructive forces in the universe, capable of tearing a planet apart and swallowing an entire star. Yet scientists now believe they could hold the key to answering the ultimate question – what was there before the Big Bang? The trouble is that researching them is next to impossible. Black holes are by definition invisible and there's no scientific theory able to explain them. Despite these obvious obstacles, Horizon meets the astronomers attempting to image a black hole for the very first time and the theoretical physicists getting ever closer to unlocking their mysteries. It's a story that takes us into the heart of a black hole and to the very edge of what we think we know about the universe.
Constant Craving: The Science of Addiction
Dr Kevin Fong examines what can be done to reduce the number of mistakes being made by surgeons in the operating theatre. Speaking to professionals in high-pressure careers - including airline pilots, firemen and Formula One pit workers - he explores the coping mechanisms they each employ when faced with emergency situations, and looks at how these tactics could be transferred to the world of surgery.
Dr Kevin Fong explores the boom in "apps" and gadgets designed to help people monitor their health around the clock. He meets some of the pioneers of this revolution and visits a man who self-diagnosed a life-threatening disease from his own data, without going to the doctor.
The information-hungry world of the 21st century will be fed not by electrical signals, but by pulses of invisible laser light flying along fibres of glass. What is the revolution in communications that has ousted electricity in favour of light? With crashing motorbikes, stretching trains and a semiconductor laser the size of a department store, Horizon investigates the mysterious world of light technology and, at the frontiers, finds plans for computers that will process information with light.

The Sparticles arrive at a lighthouse and stay there while Holly gives birth, only to find the oldest man in the world still living there. Ernesto follows him to his garden, and discovers the Circle of Perpetual Time! Frankie, Reese and later Sadiq discover that Aris is a spy for Kylie, who is at the lighthouse setting up the Neuroscrambler. Dora and Erimon arrive with the transmitter, and Aris discovers Kylie has been lying to him and rejoins the Sparticles who believe The Keeper is the final sensitive. Kim reveals to Holly that she is her Teen Mum, but then issues arrive when The Keeper isn't the final sensitive.
Note: Guest appearance of Lucie, Jason, Yanx and The Keeper.

During the human struggles between the British and German air forces there was a secret war whose battles were lost or won unknown to the public. From 1939 to 1945 Allied and Axis scientists threw their weight into the war knowing that their influence would have enormous consequences for mankind. The secret battles for air supremacy, the inventions, the measures and the countermeasures are part of a story which scientists tell in tonight's programme.

Location of teams in the 2015 Vodacom Cup

Last of a trilogy of programmes studying obesity. Examines some ground-breaking research into eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia, trying to establish if they are inherited. The discovery of a group of anorexics in a most unlikely place seems to put paid to the theory that the disease is the product of western's society's increased levels of stress.
Liz Bonnin delves into the world of inventors and innovations, revealing the people and technologies set to transform life in the 21st century. She meets some of the world's foremost visionaries, mavericks and dreamers, from the entrepreneurs who are the driving force behind a new space race to Andre Geim, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist leading a nanotech revolution.
Controlled nuclear fusion means taming the hydrogen bomb. It could solve the world's energy shortage but it's an enormous engineering challenge. HORIZON looks at the latest fusion machines in the UK and USA.

Her Eminence Mindrolling Jetsün Khandro Rinpoche

In the previous episode "The Secret Life of the Cat", 50 domestic felines from a Surrey village were fitted with GPS collars and cameras to track their every movement and record their unique view of the world. The results reveal a tomcat that seems to have no owner, a hunter that prefers food it can catch and kill to anything it might be given by humans, and a cat that has abandoned its home in favour of another set of owners.
Dallas Campbell charts scientific breakthroughs that have transformed how the universe is understood, using footage from the Horizon archives which stretch back almost 50 years. He explores subjects including Einstein's concept of spacetime, alien planets and extra dimensions, and discovers each advance reveals new mysteries to be investigated.
Certain of Uncertainty / State of Nature
Miracle Cure? A Decade of the Human Genome

Trimulgherry, Hyderabad State, British Raj

After a year of searching for the Quantum Nexus, most of the tribe has split up. Jordan and Ami have gone to France, Kat is sorting out the nuclear power plants but everyone else reunites when they realize the key from Doomsday Dora fits into a stone head. But the head is in a stadium owned by Fizzy and there is also the matter that there is a traitor within their tribe. Reese is captured and the dims threaten to feed her to the lion if the Sparticles lose the fight. The lion is revealed to be a hoax and Holly is revealed to be the traitor, accepting a bag of Fizzys for doing a job for Fizzy. She vows to find the Quantum Nexus first and destroy it to determine the adults never return. She and Serena take off and the Sparticles take the Stone Head back to the Spartivan and set off on a race to the Quantum Nexus.

Note: First Appearance of Serena and Fury and first main appearance of Fizzy.

As the West Africa Ebola outbreak continues to claim lives, this special edition meets scientists and doctors from around the world who are looking for a cure to the deadly virus, and hears first-hand accounts of what it is like to catch - and survive - the disease.
Horizon investigates the current state of computer and analogue graphics by interviewing assists and scientists involved with scientific and technical modelling, 3D movie animation, and computer gaming.
Horizon plunges down the biggest rabbit-hole in history in search of the smallest thing in the Universe. It is a journey where things do not just become smaller but also a whole lot weirder. Scientists hope to catch a glimpse of miniature black holes, multiple dimensions and even parallel Universes. As they start to explore this wonderland, where nothing is quite what it seems, they may have to rewrite the fundamental laws of time and space.

Burma multi-sport events infobox templates

Report on the passage of the European Giotto spacecraft as it passes through the tail of Halley's Comet.
Cannabis is the world's favourite drug, but also one of the least understood. Can cannabis cause schizophrenia? Is it addictive? Can it lead you on to harder drugs? Or is it simply a herb, an undervalued medicine? Addiction specialist Dr John Marsden discovers that modern science is finally beginning to find answers to these questions. John traces the cannabis plants' birthplace in Kazakhstan; finds the origins of our sensitivity to cannabis in the simple sea squirt; and shows just what it does to our brains. He meets people who have been changed by this drug in drastically different ways – from those whose lives have been shattered to those who lives have been revived.
What's the Right Diet for You? A Horizon Special - Episode 1
Part two of two. Every year roughly 65 billion animals are slaughtered globally for food - nine for every living person. In this documentary, Michael Mosley examines the impact this is having on the planet and finds out what meat we should be buying if we want to be eco-friendly carnivores. Is it better to purchase free-range organic or factory-farmed options? The answers are far from obvious.
Featured in the episode were French Anderson - USC School of Medicine, Philip Bereano - University of Washington and Keith Campbell - Roslin Institute 1991-97 who was a member of the team that team that cloned Dolly the sheep
Doctors Chris and Xand van Tulleken, who are identical twins, go on month-long diets comprising high volumes of fat or sugar to find out which is worse for the human body. The effects on their health are both shocking and surprising, but they also discover their biggest enemy may have been hiding in plain sight.
Today we accept the idea that science must play an important role in society. Thirty years ago, such a conception was extremely novel. And it was then that some young scientists formed themselves into groups with strange names-to consider the future of science in all its aspects. In the course of time many of their plans and predictions were to be realised.
The earliest known fossil remains of a polar bear come from Kew. So, when polar bears swam in the Thames, did Britain really look like present-day Greenland? What was the Ice Age? Was it so long ago? Will it happen again?

Brookhollow Avenue, Norwest Business Park

Shyam Benegal, in his office, Mumbai, India, December, 2010

Colonel D.R. Jambu, Colonel David Neo, Colonel Kwan Yue Yeong, Brigadier-General Goh Kee Nguan, Colonel Nelson Yau Thain Hock, Colonel Bernard Tan, Colonel Ong Yu Lin, Brigadier-General Tung Yui Fai, Colonel Mark Tan Ken-Li

Documentary on the likely effects of the drought in Britain.
The search for a female equivalent of the drug Viagra.
Destination Mars / Editors in Conference

A view over the karst landscape on Inishmor from Dún Aonghasa

A form of torture that leaves no mark... It's ruined my life... perhaps it's an escape from something I don't want to face. Horizon looks at some of the recent research work which is attempting to understand and provide a treatment for this serious illness.
Mexico, the lazy land of the sombrero and siesta, is fast becoming a country of hard-hats and hard work. The recent discovery of huge oil fields in the southern states of Mexico has stirred the government and people to unprecedented efforts. Could Mexico turn out to be another Kuwait? As exploration for new oil expands, could the country eventually match the giant reserves of the world's top producer, Saudi Arabia? Horizon investigates what impact Mexico might have on an oil hungry world-and the impact of oil on Mexico and the Mexicans themselves. Mexico is already exporting oil - some of it by accident. The world's worst-ever oil spill, from a rig in the Gulf of Campeche. is a major threat to the Texas coast-line and to the already delicate nature of US/Mexican relations.
Dancing in the Dark: The End of Physics?
Manganese nodules carpet parts of the deep ocean floor. They're potentially a highly valuable source of minerals. HORIZON looks at the engineering challenge of harvesting them, and the knotty problems such a venture would pose for international law.
An interview with Professor Eric Laithwaite who believes that many modern inventions already exist in nature.
Carlo Lerici, scientist and archaeologist, has brought past and future together. Using geophysical methods Intended for mineral surveying, he has detected 10,000 unknown Etruscan tombs in ten years.

Kylie and The Sparticles are held up in their missions by a bridge guarded by apparently cannibal trolls. Sadiq and Serena break up in an argument and Kylie tests the Neuroscrambler on Sadiq when she works with the Troll Queen Trina and ties him up and wipes his memories of the day. Aris rejoins the Sparticles as a spy for Kylie.
Note: Orion is absent in this episode.

Doctors and identical twins Chris and Xand van Tulleken investigate the effects that different drinking patterns have on health. Chris has his recommended 21 units of alcohol spread evenly across the week, while Xand uses up his allowance in single binges. How will their bodies differ after a month?
Men and Sharks / Sir Henry Dale, OM, FRS
Horizon follows the emotional journey of three young people with currently untreatable conditions to see if within their lifetime, they can be cured. Sophie is desperate to discover if there's a medical breakthrough which will get her walking again – a car crash after celebrating her A level results left her paralysed from the waist down. Anthony's leg was amputated after a rugby accident on the eve of his eighteenth birthday. Will he ever be able to regrow his leg? Father of four Dean is desperate for a cure for his damaged heart to avoid an early death. They've all read the headlines about the astonishing potential of stem cells to heal the body. Now they've been given access to the pioneering scientists who could transform their lives. With so much at stake, each meeting is highly emotional as our three young people find out if science can fix them.

The Sparticles reach the Quantum Nexus at last and the race is on to see if they can bring back the adults or stay in the world of Emperor Fizzy for ever. A curious old friend looks set to help. Dora had set up a hologram version of her self called 'HoloDora', whom she believes to be Dora's daughter and when the children are detected by 'HoloDora', she change to help them to bring back the dimension with the parents. Reese attempts to modify the magnetics of the Quantum Nexus in order to damage the machine due to her worries of connect the wrong dimensions. Reese fails to do this, as she does not know the two dimensions are connected. The wrong dimension is set to come to Earth, which results in the adults - now teenagers - arriving.

Note: Final Appearance of Callum, Tia, Jeffery and Liam.
Note: Guest Appearance of HoloDora and Final appearance of Muna.

In the minds of many people the word hypnosis conjures up visions of the supernatural, of loss of will-power and self-control. Is this true, and what are the potential dangers, if any? Horizon attempts to clarify the misconceptions and confusions surrounding this emotive subject and investigates some of its present-day uses in medicine. Tonight's programme includes film of a Caesarean operation in which the mother was helped by hypnosis used in conjunction with a general anesthetic - probably for the first time in Britain.
Jim Al-Khalili follows the efforts of particle physicists at the CERN research laboratory near Geneva, Switzerland, to find the Higgs particle, which is believed to give mass to everything in the universe. He explains why scientists believe discovering it could help answer fundamental questions about the nature of existence, and reveals why their theories are based on the idea of symmetry.
British Science – On the Wrong Track?
First shown by CBS on American television earlier this year as a two-part documentary, the New York Times commented on tonight's film: 'A biting series, documented with vivid detail ... will raise a formidable howl from the medical profession.' The film provides a chance to compare our much-maligned Health Service with an alternative service. Until now Americans have chosen to receive, and pay for, their medical treatment privately. But in the face of a national shortage of doctors and rapidly rising prices, the private enterprise system seems to be in danger of breaking down. Horizon examines some of the nightmarish situations that have developed in this system, and shows that more and more Americans, fearing illness more for what it might do to their bank balances than to their bodies, are looking enviously at the free universal treatment - for all its shortcomings - enjoyed under national health services like our own.
Why did American Airlines Flight 587 crash into a suburb of New York City in November 2001?
San Francisco is, literally, a city that waits to die. It faces destruction from an earthquake which, scientists warn, could kill 100,000 people. The earthquake is inevitable and imminent, and yet it's claimed that there has been a scandalous neglect in applying already existing knowledge to reduce hazards. Five thousand children, for example, go to schools sited directly on the actual earthquake faults and in the earthquake predicted those children will be killed. Horizon tells the story of the small group of scientists who, in a struggle against apathy, are trying to save their city. They are also involved in crucial experiments which are already enabling them to predict some earthquakes and which in the near future will enable them to realise the hitherto science-fiction dream of preventing earthquakes.
There are clocks in your body which, left to themselves, would have you live a 25-hour day. Tampering with them, just by working the wrong shift pattern, may lead to illness, or may affect your ability to have a child. Understanding body-clocks helps to cure winter depression, warns of death rhythms in unborn babies, leads to pills for reducing jet-lag, gives longer lives to some cancer patients - and may even provide cheaper meat.
Twenty-five years after the World Wide Web was created, the issue of surveillance has become the greatest shame upon its existence. With many concerned that governments and corporations monitor people's every move, this programme meets hackers and scientists who are using technology to fight back, and some law enforcement officers who believe it's leading to opportunities for risk-free crimes. With contributors including World Wide Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee and WikiLeaks co-founder Julian Assange.
Computers Don't Bite, Inside the Internet
Manic depression is a crippling emotional illness. It carries a high risk of suicide. It is now known that it has a strong genetic component. Those genes affect over one per cent of humanity: some 50 million people. Is manic depression simply another genetic cross that mankind has to bear, or do these genes also convey some sort of advantage that helps to explain their survival? Many manic depressives are creative - is it in spite of their illness - or because of it? And what has madness to do with poetry, art, music, literature and leadership? Could it be that mental illness is, in some sense, necessary?

Gielgud Award for Excellence in the Dramatic Arts

Winner of the Royal Society Award for best science, medical or technology programme of 1987. Pierre Garand and Gilles Thibault lie critically ill in Montreal's Royal Victoria Hospital. Their only hope of survival is a heart transplant. Horizon follows every stage of the fight to save each life: the doctors' discussions to decide whether the patient is too ill to have a transplant; the anxiety of the family as they wait; the frantic search for a donor and the surgeons' race across the border to the USA to get a heart. Finally, hours later, will the transplanted heart beat in its new body?
Documentary exploring the impact of colours on people's lives, and how perceptions of them can be influenced by age, gender and mood. The programme examines scientists' claims that different hues have hidden powers, from the winning properties of red to how blue seemingly makes time speed up.
Some enchanting questions for enquiring minds asked by Professor Julius Sumner Miller on walking toys, singing toys, swimming toys, flying toys. Do you own a toy? Did you ever own a toy? Then Julius Sumner Miller can provide a few scientific questions to worry you with.
Modern technology is used to scan Egyptian animal mummies from museums across the world. By creating 3D images of their content, experts are able to discover the truth about the strange role the creatures played in the ancient civilisation's beliefs, and why so many of them were buried.
Across the world, a new generation of astronomers is out to make fresh discoveries about the universe, but the scientists need to look farther than ever before. For this, they have pushed the limits of science and engineering to create a new set of super-telescopes that they hope will help them rewrite the story of the stars.