Medical Research Council Technology
abstract: LifeArc, formerly know as the Medical Research Council Technology (MRC Technology, MRCT) is a British life science medical research charity. It was established in 2000 to translate the work of UK Medical Research Council research scientists. Today LifeArc provides intellectual property identification, protection and commercialisation, technology development, early stage drug discovery and antibody humanization services for the MRC, academia, biotechnology and pharmaceutical organisations and charities, aiming to move promising medical research forward into viable and accessible patient treatments. Profits from LifeArc's activities are reinvested into further research.
comment: LifeArc, formerly know as the Medical Research Council Technology (MRC Technology, MRCT) is a British life science medical research charity. It was established in 2000 to translate the work of UK Medical Research Council research scientists.

Arends's golden mole
abstract: Arends's golden mole (Carpitalpa arendsi) is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, temperate grassland, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, and introduced vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is the only species in the genus Carpitalpa. It was moved from the genus Chlorotalpa. It was first described by Lundholm, who named it for Nicolas Arends, taxidermist at the Kaffrarian Museum (now the Amathole Museum, in King William's Town, South Africa) who captured the specimen.
comment: Arends's golden mole (Carpitalpa arendsi) is a species of mammal in the family Chrysochloridae. It is found in Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, temperate grassland, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, and introduced vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is the only species in the genus Carpitalpa. It was moved from the genus Chlorotalpa.

Integral sliding mode
abstract: In 1996, V. Utkin and J. Shi proposed an improved sliding control method named integral sliding mode control (ISMC). In contrast with conventional sliding mode control, the system motion under integral sliding mode has a dimension equal to that of the state space. In ISMC, the system trajectory always starts from the sliding surface.Accordingly, the reaching phase is eliminated, and robustness in the whole state space is promised.

Plastoquinone
abstract: Plastoquinone (PQ) is an isoprenoid quinone molecule involved in the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The most common form of plastoquinone, known as PQ-A or PQ-9, is a 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone molecule with a side chain of nine isoprenyl units. There are other forms of plastoquinone, such as ones with shorter side chains like PQ-3 (which has 3 isoprenyl side units instead of 9) as well as analogs such as PQ-B, PQ-C, and PQ-D, which differ in their side chains. The benzoquinone and isoprenyl units are both nonpolar, anchoring the molecule within the inner section of a lipid bilayer, where the hydrophobic tails are usually found. It is very structurally similar to ubiquinone, or coenzyme Q10, differing by the length of the isoprenyl side chain, replacement of the methoxy groups with methyl groups, and removal of the methyl group in the 2 position on the quinone. Like ubiquinone, it can come in several redox states, plastoquinone, plastosemiquinone (unstable), and plastoquinol, which differs from plastoquinone by having two hydroxyl groups instead of two carbonyl groups. Plastoquinol, the reduced form, also functions as an antioxidant by reducing reactive oxygen species, some produced from the photosynthetic reactions, that could harm the cell membrane. One example of how it does this is by reacting with superoxides to form hydrogen peroxide and plastosemiquinone. The prefix plasto- means either plastid or chloroplast, alluding to its location within the cell.
comment: Plastoquinone (PQ) is an isoprenoid quinone molecule involved in the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The most common form of plastoquinone, known as PQ-A or PQ-9, is a 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone molecule with a side chain of nine isoprenyl units. There are other forms of plastoquinone, such as ones with shorter side chains like PQ-3 (which has 3 isoprenyl side units instead of 9) as well as analogs such as PQ-B, PQ-C, and PQ-D, which differ in their side chains. The benzoquinone and isoprenyl units are both nonpolar, anchoring the molecule within the inner section of a lipid bilayer, where the hydrophobic tails are usually found.

Absinthin
comment: Absinthin is a naturally produced triterpene lactone from the plant Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood). It constitutes one of the most bitter chemical agents responsible for Absinthe's distinct taste. The compound shows biological activity and has shown promise as an anti-inflammatory agent, and should not to be confused with thujone, a neurotoxin also found in Artemisia absinthium.

Yangbajain
abstract: Yangbajain (also spelled Yangbajing) is a town approximately 87 kilometers (54 mi) north-west of Lhasa, halfway to Damxung in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The town lies just south of the Nyainqêntanglha Mountains, in an upland lush green valley surrounded by the tents of nomads with grazing yak and sheep populating the hillside. It is the site Yangpachen Monastery, which was historically the seat of the Shamarpas of Karma Kagyü and the Yangbajing International Cosmic Ray Observatory.

Boylston Junction, Wisconsin
abstract: Boylston Junction is an unincorporated community located in the town of Superior, Douglas County, Wisconsin, United States.

Membrane emulsification
abstract: Membrane emulsification (ME) is a relatively novel technique for producing all types of single and multiple emulsions for DDS (drug delivery systems), solid micro carriers for encapsulation of drug or nutrient, solder particles for surface-mount technology, mono dispersed polymer microspheres (for analytical column packing, enzyme carriers, liquid crystal display spacers, toner core particles). Membrane emulsification was introduced by Nakashima and Shimizu in the late 1980s in Japan.

Sinhala (Unicode block)
abstract: Sinhala is a Unicode block containing characters for the Sinhala and Pali languages of Sri Lanka, and is also used for writing Sanskrit in Sri Lanka. The Sinhala allocation is loosely based on the ISCII standard, except that Sinhala contains extra prenasalized consonant letters, leading to inconsistencies with other ISCII-Unicode script allocations.

David Pilbeam
abstract: David Pilbeam (born 21 November 1940 in Brighton, Sussex, England) is the Henry Ford II Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University and curator of paleoanthropology at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He received his Ph.D. from Yale University.

Eubulus le Strange, 1st Baron Strange
comment: Eubulus le Strange, 1st Baron Strange (died 1335) was an English baron and an especially competent and trusted military officer for King Edward III. He married Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln (1281–1348) as her second husband in 1324, and has been incongruously considered as her lover during her unhappy and childless first marriage (1294–1322, divorced 1318 after an abduction 1317) to her royal first husband, Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (executed 1322). They had no children.
abstract: Eubulus le Strange, 1st Baron Strange (died 1335) was an English baron and an especially competent and trusted military officer for King Edward III. He married Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln (1281–1348) as her second husband in 1324, and has been incongruously considered as her lover during her unhappy and childless first marriage (1294–1322, divorced 1318 after an abduction 1317) to her royal first husband, Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (executed 1322). They had no children. He died while on campaign in the Second War of Scottish Independence (1332–1357) on 8 September 1335. His nephew, Roger le Strange, 4th Baron Strange of Knockyn, aged forty years and more, was his heir.

EA Sports UFC
abstract: EA Sports UFC is a mixed martial arts fighting video game developed in a collaboration between EA Canada and SkyBox Labs, and published by EA Sports for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is based on the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) brand and was released on June 17, 2014. A playable demo was released on the PlayStation Network and Xbox Marketplace on June 3, 2014, with cover athletes Jon Jones and Alexander Gustafsson as playable fighters. It is the first UFC game since THQ sold the license to Electronic Arts. A free-to-play mobile version of the game was released for iOS and Android devices on April 21, 2015. A sequel, EA Sports UFC 2, was released in March 2016. The third installment, EA Sports UFC 3, which was released on February 2, 2018. In 2020 UFC 4 will be released as the final game of UFC on EA.
comment: EA Sports UFC is a mixed martial arts fighting video game developed in a collaboration between EA Canada and SkyBox Labs, and published by EA Sports for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is based on the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) brand and was released on June 17, 2014. A playable demo was released on the PlayStation Network and Xbox Marketplace on June 3, 2014, with cover athletes Jon Jones and Alexander Gustafsson as playable fighters. It is the first UFC game since THQ sold the license to Electronic Arts.

Střezislava
comment: Střezislava (died 987) was the wife of Slavník, a Bohemian nobleman and founder of Slavník dynasty. Some historians suppose that she might have been a member of the Přemyslid house (the ruling family in Bohemia at that time), possibly a daughter of Vratislaus I and Drahomíra, or of some historically unknown member of that dynasty. Střezislava had several children with her husband, 6 of her sons are known by name: * Soběslav (d. 1004) * Saint Adalbert (Vojtěch) * Spytimír * Pobraslav * Porej * Čáslav

16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
abstract: The 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was in session from 2002 to 2007. It held seven plenary sessions. It was set in motion by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The 15th Central Committee preceded it. It was followed by the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. It elected the 16th Politburo of the Communist Party of China in 2002. There were seven plenary sessions held in the five year period facilitated by the Politburo.

Tenguella granulata
comment: Tenguella granulata, common name the mulberry shell or the granulated drupe, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

Cynomya cadaverina
comment: Cynomya cadaverina, also known as the shiny blue bottle fly, is a member of the family Calliphoridae, which includes blow flies as well as bottle flies. In recent years, this family has become a forensically important facet in many medicocriminal investigations in the growing field of forensic entomology. C. cadaverina is specifically important in determining a post-mortem interval, as well as other important factors.

Roman Catholic Bishop of Argyll and the Isles
abstract: The Bishop of Argyll and the Isles is the ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Argyll and the Isles in the Province of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh, Scotland. The Scottish hierarchy was restored by Pope Leo XIII on 15 March 1878 and the ancient bishoprics of Argyll and the Isles were re-established and united under one bishop. The diocese covers an area of 31,080 km2 (12,000 sq mi) and comprises most of Argyll and Bute, the southern part of the Highland council area, the Outer Hebrides, and the Isle of Arran. The Episcopal see is in the town of Oban where the bishop's seat is located at the Cathedral Church of St. Columba. On 28 December 2015 Pope Francis appointed Monsignor Brian McGee as bishop.
comment: The Bishop of Argyll and the Isles is the ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Argyll and the Isles in the Province of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh, Scotland. The Scottish hierarchy was restored by Pope Leo XIII on 15 March 1878 and the ancient bishoprics of Argyll and the Isles were re-established and united under one bishop. The diocese covers an area of 31,080 km2 (12,000 sq mi) and comprises most of Argyll and Bute, the southern part of the Highland council area, the Outer Hebrides, and the Isle of Arran. The Episcopal see is in the town of Oban where the bishop's seat is located at the Cathedral Church of St. Columba.

Lumbriculus variegatus
comment: Lumbriculus variegatus, also known as the blackworm or California blackworm, is a species of worm inhabiting North America and Europe. It lives in shallow-water marshes, ponds, and swamps, feeding on microorganisms and organic material. An adult individual has approximately 150 to 250 segments, each of which has the ability to regenerate into a new individual when separated from the rest of the animal. In most populations, this is the primary mode of reproduction, and mature individuals are exceedingly rare; in large areas (including Asia, most of North America and the greater part of Europe) mature individuals have never been found.
abstract: Lumbriculus variegatus, also known as the blackworm or California blackworm, is a species of worm inhabiting North America and Europe. It lives in shallow-water marshes, ponds, and swamps, feeding on microorganisms and organic material. An adult individual has approximately 150 to 250 segments, each of which has the ability to regenerate into a new individual when separated from the rest of the animal. In most populations, this is the primary mode of reproduction, and mature individuals are exceedingly rare; in large areas (including Asia, most of North America and the greater part of Europe) mature individuals have never been found. The name blackworm is given to at least three distinct species of worm that are identical in appearance and were once considered a single species.

Aurora (community), Florence County, Wisconsin
abstract: Aurora is an unincorporated community in the town of Aurora, Florence County, Wisconsin, United States. Aurora is located across the Menominee River from Kingsford; it is served by County Highway N.

Dengue fever outbreaks
abstract: As of 2010 dengue fever is believed to infect 50 to 100 million people worldwide a year with 1/2 million life-threatening infections. It dramatically increased in frequency between 1960 and 2010, by 30 fold. This increase is believed to be due to a combination of urbanization, population growth, increased international travel, and global warming. The geographical distribution is around the equator with 70% of the total 2.5 billion people living in endemic areas from Asia and the Pacific. Many people in outbreaks are not virally tested, therefore their infections may also be due to chikungunya, a coinfection of both, or even other similar viruses.

Nagging
comment: Nagging, in interpersonal communication, is repetitious behaviour in the form of pestering, hectoring, or otherwise continuously urging an individual to complete previously discussed requests or act on advice.
abstract: Nagging, in interpersonal communication, is repetitious behaviour in the form of pestering, hectoring, or otherwise continuously urging an individual to complete previously discussed requests or act on advice. Reporter defined, in a Wall Street Journal article, nagging as "the interaction in which one person repeatedly makes a request, the other person repeatedly ignores it and both become increasingly annoyed". Thus, nagging is a form of persistent persuasion that is more repetitive than aggressive and it is an interaction to which each party contributes. Nagging is a very common form of persuasion used in all aspects of life including domestic and professional. It is also a common practice in order to avoid more aggressive persuasive moves like threats. The word is derived from the Scandinavian nagga, which means "to gnaw".

Pelorovis
abstract: Pelorovis ("prodigious/monstrous sheep") is an extinct genus of African wild cattle, which first appeared in the Pliocene, 2.5 million years ago, and became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene about 12,000 years ago or even during the Holocene, some 4,000 years ago. Recent detailed anatomical and morphometric studies come to the conclusion that Pelorovis is probably not monophyletic. According to these findings, the early forms of the genus (P. turkanensis and P. oldowayensis) are close relatives, and possibly the first members, of the genus Bos. In contrast, the late Pleistocene form (Pelorovis antiquus) seems to be a close relative of the modern African buffalo (Syncerus caffer).

José Rufino Echenique
comment: José Rufino Echenique Benavente (November 16, 1808, Puno, Peru – June 16, 1887, Lima, Peru) served as the 23rd President of Peru in 1851. He participated in the Peruvian War of Independence. In 1851, Echenique won the presidential elections to succeed Ramón Castilla. Under his government, the first civil laws of Peru were promulgated, and slavery was abolished. The finalizing phase of the construction of the Tacna-Arica railroad was also completed. Echenique was overthrown by a liberal revolution led by Ramón Castilla in 1855. His son, , was also active in Peruvian politics.

Miguel Grau Seminario
abstract: Miguel María Grau Seminario (Paita, Peru, 27 July 1834 – , Bolivia, 8 October 1879) is the most renowned Peruvian naval officer and hero of the Naval Battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific (1879–1884). He was known as el Caballero de los Mares (Spanish for "Gentleman of the Seas") for his kind and chivalrous treatment of defeated enemies and is esteemed by both Peruvians and Chileans. He is an iconic figure for the Peruvian Navy, and one of the most famous merchant marine and naval military leaders of the Americas.

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
comment: The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is a federal law enforcement organization within the United States Department of Justice. Its responsibilities include the investigation and prevention of federal offenses involving the unlawful use, manufacture, and possession of firearms and explosives; acts of arson and bombings; illegal trafficking and tax evasion of alcohol and tobacco products; and shooting dogs. The ATF also regulates via licensing the sale, possession, and transportation of firearms, ammunition, and explosives in interstate commerce. Many of the ATF's activities are carried out in conjunction with task forces made up of state and local law enforcement officers, such as Project Safe Neighborhoods. The ATF operates a unique fire research laboratory in Belt
abstract: The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is a federal law enforcement organization within the United States Department of Justice. Its responsibilities include the investigation and prevention of federal offenses involving the unlawful use, manufacture, and possession of firearms and explosives; acts of arson and bombings; illegal trafficking and tax evasion of alcohol and tobacco products; and shooting dogs. The ATF also regulates via licensing the sale, possession, and transportation of firearms, ammunition, and explosives in interstate commerce. Many of the ATF's activities are carried out in conjunction with task forces made up of state and local law enforcement officers, such as Project Safe Neighborhoods. The ATF operates a unique fire research laboratory in Beltsville, Maryland, where full-scale mock-ups of criminal arson can be reconstructed. The agency is led by Thomas E. Brandon, Acting Director, and Ronald B. Turk, Acting Deputy Director. The ATF has 4,770 employees, and an annual budget of $1.15 billion (2012).

Autotroph
abstract: An autotroph or primary producer, is an organism that produces complex organic compounds (such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) from simple substances present in its surroundings, generally using energy from light (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemical reactions (chemosynthesis). They are the producers in a food chain, such as plants on land or algae in water (in contrast to heterotrophs as consumers of autotrophs). They do not need a living source of energy or organic carbon. Autotrophs can reduce carbon dioxide to make organic compounds for biosynthesis and also create a store of chemical energy. Most autotrophs use water as the reducing agent, but some can use other hydrogen compounds such as hydrogen sulfide. Some autotrophs, such as green plants and algae, are phototrophs, meaning that they convert electromagnetic energy from sunlight into chemical energy in the form of reduced carbon. Autotrophs can be photoautotrophs or chemoautotrophs. Phototrophs use light as an energy source, while chemotrophs use electron donors as a source of energy, whether from organic or inorganic sources; however in the case of autotrophs, these electron donors come from inorganic chemical sources. Such chemotrophs are lithotrophs. Lithotrophs use inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide, elemental sulfur, ammonium and ferrous iron, as reducing agents for biosynthesis and chemical energy storage. Photoautotrophs and lithoautotrophs use a portion of the ATP produced during photosynthesis or the oxidation of inorganic compounds to reduce NADP+ to NADPH to form organic compounds.
comment: An autotroph or primary producer, is an organism that produces complex organic compounds (such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) from simple substances present in its surroundings, generally using energy from light (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemical reactions (chemosynthesis). They are the producers in a food chain, such as plants on land or algae in water (in contrast to heterotrophs as consumers of autotrophs). They do not need a living source of energy or organic carbon. Autotrophs can reduce carbon dioxide to make organic compounds for biosynthesis and also create a store of chemical energy. Most autotrophs use water as the reducing agent, but some can use other hydrogen compounds such as hydrogen sulfide. Some autotrophs, such as green plants and algae, are phototrophs, meanin

Josephine (singer)
comment: Jessica Josephine Wendel (born 21 August 1990), better known as simply Josephine, is a Greek pop singer. She is mostly known for her participation in the greek national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 with the song "Dancing Night" where she got the 4th place. Wendel has also competed in the greek edition of the Your Face Sounds Familiar.

Ping-pong lemma
abstract: In mathematics, the ping-pong lemma, or table-tennis lemma, is any of several mathematical statements that ensure that several elements in a group acting on a set freely generates a free subgroup of that group.

Boardman, Wisconsin
abstract: Boardman is an unincorporated community in St. Croix County, Wisconsin located just southwest of New Richmond on County Road A, in the town of Richmond.

India-based Neutrino Observatory
abstract: India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a particle physics research project under construction to primarily study atmospheric neutrinos in a 1,300 meters (4,300 ft) deep cave under Ino Peak near Theni, Tamil Nadu, India. This project is notable in that it is anticipated to provide a precise measurement of neutrino mixing parameters. The project is a multi-institute collaboration and one of the biggest experimental particle physics projects undertaken in India. The project was originally to be completed in 2015 at an estimated cost of ₹ 1,500 crores, has been cleared by the Ministry of Environment (India) for construction in the Bodi West Hills Reserved Forest in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu. Although delayed, the project is underway as of 2015. When completed, the main magnetised iron calorimieter (ICAL) experiment will include the world's largest magnet, four times larger than the 12,500-tonne magnet in the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland.)
comment: India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a particle physics research project under construction to primarily study atmospheric neutrinos in a 1,300 meters (4,300 ft) deep cave under Ino Peak near Theni, Tamil Nadu, India. This project is notable in that it is anticipated to provide a precise measurement of neutrino mixing parameters. The project is a multi-institute collaboration and one of the biggest experimental particle physics projects undertaken in India.

Miami Valley Conference
comment: The Miami Valley Conference, or MVC, is an athletic conference within the Ohio High School Athletic Association consisting of ten member teams from the Greater Cincinnati area.

Athelstane (community), Wisconsin
abstract: Athelstane is an unincorporated community located in the town of Athelstane, Marinette County, Wisconsin, United States. Athelstane is 8 miles (13 km) west-northwest of Wausaukee. Athelstane has a post office with ZIP code 54104.

Arnold, Wisconsin
abstract: Arnold is an unincorporated community located in the town of Ruby, Chippewa County, Wisconsin, United States.

Arthur, Grant County, Wisconsin
comment: Arthur is an unincorporated community located in the town of Lima, Grant County, Wisconsin, United States.

Eupatolin
comment: Eupatolin is a chemical compound. It is a flavonol rhamnoside attached at the 3 position to an eupatolitin molecule. It can be found in Eupatorium ligustrinum.

Stratospheric sulfur aerosols
comment: Stratospheric sulfur aerosols are sulfur-rich particles which exist in the stratosphere region of the Earth's atmosphere. The layer of the atmosphere in which they exist is known as the Junge layer, or simply the stratospheric aerosol layer. These particles consist of a mixture of sulfuric acid and water. They are created naturally, such as by photochemical decomposition of sulfur-containing gases, e.g. carbonyl sulfide. When present in high levels, e.g. after a strong volcanic eruption such as Mount Pinatubo, they produce a cooling effect, by reflecting sunlight, and by modifying clouds as they fall out of the stratosphere. This cooling may persist for a few years before the particles fall out.
abstract: Stratospheric sulfur aerosols are sulfur-rich particles which exist in the stratosphere region of the Earth's atmosphere. The layer of the atmosphere in which they exist is known as the Junge layer, or simply the stratospheric aerosol layer. These particles consist of a mixture of sulfuric acid and water. They are created naturally, such as by photochemical decomposition of sulfur-containing gases, e.g. carbonyl sulfide. When present in high levels, e.g. after a strong volcanic eruption such as Mount Pinatubo, they produce a cooling effect, by reflecting sunlight, and by modifying clouds as they fall out of the stratosphere. This cooling may persist for a few years before the particles fall out. An aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas. The sulfate particles or sulfuric acid droplets in the atmosphere are about 0.1 to 1.0 micrometer (a millionth of a meter) in diameter. Sulfur aerosols are common in the troposphere as a result of pollution with sulfur dioxide from burning coal, and from natural processes. Volcanos are a major source of particles in the stratosphere as the force of the volcanic eruption propels sulfur-containing gases into the stratosphere. The relative influence of volcanoes on the Junge layer varies considerably according to the number and size of eruptions in any given time period, and also of quantities of sulfur compounds released. Only stratovolcanoes containing primarily felsic magmas are responsible for these fluxes, as mafic magma erupted in shield volcanoes doesn't result in plumes which reach the stratosphere. Creating stratospheric sulfur aerosols deliberately is a proposed geoengineering technique which offers a possible solution to some of the problems caused by global warming. However, this will not be without side effects and it has been suggested that the cure may be worse than the disease.

Brantwood, Wisconsin
comment: Brantwood is an unincorporated community in southern Price County, Wisconsin, United States located within the town of Knox. It lies along United States Highway 8 and on the Wisconsin Central Railroad, between Prentice on the west and Tomahawk on the east. The rural community was settled in the late 1890s as a logging community.

Gümüşhane
comment: Gümüşhane or Gyumushkhana (Turkish: [ɟyˈmyʃhaːne] (), Argyrópolis or Arghyropolis, Αργυρόπολις in Greek) is a city and the capital district of Gümüşhane Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The city lies along the Harşit River, at an elevation of 5,000 feet (1,500 m), about 40 miles (65 km) southwest of Trabzon. According to the 2010 census, population of Gümüşhane urban center is 28,620. The district covers an area of 1,789 km2 (691 sq mi), and the town lies at an elevation of 1,227 m (4,026 ft). Coordinates on world : 40°27′35″N 39°28′40″E

Birch, Ashland County, Wisconsin
abstract: Birch is an unincorporated community located in the town of Sanborn, Ashland County, Wisconsin, United States. Birch is located along U.S. Route 2 on the Bad River Indian Reservation, 15.15 miles (24.38 km) east-southeast of Ashland. Birch was so named because the original town site was a forest of white birch.

Bishop of Dunkeld
comment: The Bishop of Dunkeld is the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Dunkeld, one of the largest and more important of Scotland's 13 medieval bishoprics, whose first recorded bishop is an early 12th-century cleric named Cormac. However, the first known abbot dates to the 10th century, and it is often assumed that in Scotland in the period before the 12th century, the roles of both bishop and abbot were one and the same. The Bishopric of Dunkeld ceased to exist as a Catholic institution after the Scottish Reformation but continued as a royal institution into the 17th century. The diocese was restored (with a different boundary) by Pope Leo XIII on 4 March 1878; it is now based in the city of Dundee.

Pregnancy-associated malaria
abstract: Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) or placental malaria is a presentation of the common illness that is particularly life-threatening to both mother and developing fetus. PAM is caused primarily by infection with Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous of the four species of malaria-causing parasites that infect humans. During pregnancy, a woman faces a much higher risk of contracting malaria and of associated complications. Prevention and treatment of malaria are essential components of prenatal care in areas where the parasite is endemic. While the average adult citizen of an endemic region possesses some immunity to the parasite, pregnancy causes complications that leave the woman and fetus extremely vulnerable. The parasite interferes with transmission of vital substances through the fetal placenta, often resulting in stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, or dangerously low birth weight. The tragedy of malaria in developing countries receives abundant attention from the international health community, but until recently PAM and its unique complications were not adequately addressed.
comment: Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) or placental malaria is a presentation of the common illness that is particularly life-threatening to both mother and developing fetus. PAM is caused primarily by infection with Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous of the four species of malaria-causing parasites that infect humans. During pregnancy, a woman faces a much higher risk of contracting malaria and of associated complications. Prevention and treatment of malaria are essential components of prenatal care in areas where the parasite is endemic.

Sparsomycin
abstract: Sparsomycin is a compound, initially discovered as a metabolite of the bacterium Streptomyces sparsogenes, which binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis through peptidyl transferase inhibition. As it binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, it induces translocation on the 30S subunit. It is a nucleotide analogue. It was also formerly thought to be a possible anti-tumor agent, but interest in this drug was later discarded after it was discovered that it resulted in retinopathy and as a tool to study protein synthesis; it is not specific for bacterial ribosomes and so not usable as an antibiotic. The compound was discovered in 1962 and the structure was determined in 1970; a first total synthesis was reported in 1981. A derivative of this compound is phenol-alanine-sparsomycin, and is believed to be a more effective anti-tumor agent than sparsomycin itself.
comment: Sparsomycin is a compound, initially discovered as a metabolite of the bacterium Streptomyces sparsogenes, which binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis through peptidyl transferase inhibition. As it binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, it induces translocation on the 30S subunit. It is a nucleotide analogue. It was also formerly thought to be a possible anti-tumor agent, but interest in this drug was later discarded after it was discovered that it resulted in retinopathy and as a tool to study protein synthesis; it is not specific for bacterial ribosomes and so not usable as an antibiotic.

Deep drawing
comment: Deep drawing is a sheet metal forming process in which a sheet metal blank is radially drawn into a forming die by the mechanical action of a punch. It is thus a shape transformation process with material retention. The process is considered "deep" drawing when the depth of the drawn part exceeds its diameter. This is achieved by redrawing the part through a series of dies. The flange region (sheet metal in the die shoulder area) experiences a radial drawing stress and a tangential compressive stress due to the material retention property. These compressive stresses (hoop stresses) result in flange wrinkles (wrinkles of the first order). Wrinkles can be prevented by using a blank holder, the function of which is to facilitate controlled material flow into the die radius.

Continental shelf pump
abstract: In oceanic biogeochemistry, the continental shelf pump is proposed to operate in the shallow waters of the continental shelves, acting as a mechanism to transport carbon (as either dissolved or particulate material) from surface waters to the interior of the adjacent deep ocean.

Umbrella sampling
abstract: Umbrella sampling is a technique in computational physics and chemistry, used to improve sampling of a system (or different systems) where ergodicity is hindered by the form of the system's energy landscape. It was first suggested by Torrie and Valleau in 1977 . It is a particular physical application of the more general importance sampling in statistics. Systems in which an energy barrier separates two regions of configuration space may suffer from poor sampling. In Metropolis Monte Carlo runs, the low probability of overcoming the potential barrier can leave inaccessible configurations poorly sampled – or even entirely unsampled – by the simulation. An easily visualised example occurs with a solid at its melting point: considering the state of the system with an order parameter Q, both liquid (low Q) and solid (high Q) phases are low in energy, but are separated by a free energy barrier at intermediate values of Q. This prevents the simulation from adequately sampling both phases. Umbrella sampling is a means of "bridging the gap" in this situation. The standard Boltzmann weighting for Monte Carlo sampling is replaced by a potential chosen to cancel the influence of the energy barrier present. The Markov chain generated has a distribution given by: with U the potential energy, w(rN) a function chosen to promote configurations that would otherwise be inaccessible to a Boltzmann-weighted Monte Carlo run. In the example above, w may be chosen such that w = w(Q), taking high values at intermediate Q and low values at low/high Q, facilitating barrier crossing. Values for a thermodynamic property A deduced from a sampling run performed in this manner can be transformed into canonical-ensemble values by applying the formula: with the subscript indicating values from the umbrella-sampled simulation. The effect of introducing the weighting function w(rN) is equivalent to adding a biasing potential V(rN) to the potential energy of the system. If the biasing potential is str[cell cut: 2957 characters, first 2000 kept]
comment: Umbrella sampling is a technique in computational physics and chemistry, used to improve sampling of a system (or different systems) where ergodicity is hindered by the form of the system's energy landscape. It was first suggested by Torrie and Valleau in 1977 . It is a particular physical application of the more general importance sampling in statistics. Values for a thermodynamic property A deduced from a sampling run performed in this manner can be transformed into canonical-ensemble values by applying the formula: with the subscript indicating values from the umbrella-sampled simulation.

Askeaton, Wisconsin
comment: Askeaton is an unincorporated community located in the town of Holland, Brown County, Wisconsin, United States. Askeaton is located southeast of Wrightstown at the intersection of County Z and St. Pat's Church Road. The town hall for the Town of Holland is located in Askeaton.

Maria Paula Vargas
abstract: Maria Paula Vargas (born 13 October 1995) is a Spanish female artistic gymnast and part of the national team. She participated at the 2015 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Glasgow,and the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Michael Brennan (finance)
comment: Michael J. Brennan (born November 14, 1942) is emeritus professor of finance at the UCLA Anderson School of Management. Brennan co-designed the Brennan-Schwartz interest rate model and was a pioneer of real options theory. His writings on real options and asset pricing, corporate finance, derivative securities, market microstructure, the role of information in capital markets, and risk management have been published extensively. On May 22, 2011, Brennan was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Notre Dame.
abstract: Michael J. Brennan (born November 14, 1942) is emeritus professor of finance at the UCLA Anderson School of Management. Brennan co-designed the Brennan-Schwartz interest rate model and was a pioneer of real options theory. His writings on real options and asset pricing, corporate finance, derivative securities, market microstructure, the role of information in capital markets, and risk management have been published extensively. He is a former president of the American Finance Association, and has served as editor of the Journal of Finance and was the founding editor of the Review of Financial Studies; the Michael Brennan Award is named for him. He was a founding partner and director of the Real Options Group since its inception. He has served as consultant to businesses and governments in the USA and Canada. He was previously a professor at the London Business School. Professor Brennan holds a B.Phil. in Economics (1964) from Oxford University, an MBA (1967) from the University of Pittsburgh and a Ph.D. in Business (1970) from the MIT Sloan School of Management. On May 22, 2011, Brennan was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Notre Dame.

Kurt Marschner
comment: Kurt Marschner (27 April 1913 – 25 September 1984) was a German operatic tenor and actor.

Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014
comment: Greece participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014, held between 6 and 10 May 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Their entry was selected through Eurosong 2014 - a MAD show.

Lead-cooled fast reactor
comment: The lead-cooled fast reactor is a nuclear reactor design that features a fast neutron spectrum and molten lead or lead-bismuth eutectic coolant. Molten lead or lead-bismuth eutectic can be used as the primary coolant because lead and bismuth have low neutron absorption and relatively low melting points. Neutrons are slowed less by interaction with these heavy nuclei (thus not being neutron moderators) and therefore help make this type of reactor a fast-neutron reactor. The coolant does however serve as a neutron reflector, returning some escaping neutrons to the core.Fuel designs being explored for this reactor scheme include fertile uranium as a metal, metal oxide or metal nitride.Smaller capacity LFR (such as SSTAR) can be cooled by natural convection, while larger designs (such as ELSY)
abstract: The lead-cooled fast reactor is a nuclear reactor design that features a fast neutron spectrum and molten lead or lead-bismuth eutectic coolant. Molten lead or lead-bismuth eutectic can be used as the primary coolant because lead and bismuth have low neutron absorption and relatively low melting points. Neutrons are slowed less by interaction with these heavy nuclei (thus not being neutron moderators) and therefore help make this type of reactor a fast-neutron reactor. The coolant does however serve as a neutron reflector, returning some escaping neutrons to the core.Fuel designs being explored for this reactor scheme include fertile uranium as a metal, metal oxide or metal nitride.Smaller capacity LFR (such as SSTAR) can be cooled by natural convection, while larger designs (such as ELSY) use forced circulation in normal power operation, but with natural circulation emergency cooling. The reactor outlet coolant temperature is typically in the range of 500 to 600 °C, possibly ranging over 800 °C with advanced materials for later designs. Temperatures higher than 800 °C are high enough to support thermochemical production of hydrogen. The concept is generally very similar to sodium-cooled fast reactor, and most liquid-metal reactors have used sodium instead of lead. Few lead-cooled reactors have been constructed, except for some Soviet nuclear submarine reactors in the 1970s, but a number of proposed new nuclear reactor designs are lead-cooled. The lead-cooled reactor design has been proposed as a generation IV reactor.Plans for future implementation of this type of reactor include modular arrangements rated at 300 to 400 MWe, and a large monolithic plant rated at 1,200 MWe.

Xylia xylocarpa
abstract: Xylia xylocarpa is a species of tree in the mimosoid clade of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the Fabaceae family.

Bromoacetic acid
abstract: Bromoacetic acid is the chemical compound with the formula CH2BrCO2H. This colorless solid is a relatively strong alkylating agent. Bromoacetic acid and its esters are widely used building blocks in organic synthesis, for example in pharmaceutical chemistry. The compound is prepared by bromination of acetic acid. CH3COOH + Br2 → CH2BrCOOH + HBr It can also be prepared by the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky process: CH3COOH + Br2 + Red Phosphorus → CH2BrCOOH

László Garai
comment: László Garai (born 29 August 1935 in Budapest) is a scholar of psychology: studies theoretical psychology, social psychology and economic psychology.

Split Up (expert system)
comment: Split Up is an intelligent decision support system, which makes predictions about the distribution of marital property following divorce in Australia. It is designed to assist judges, registrars of the Family Court of Australia, mediators and lawyers.Split Up operates as a hybrid system, combining rule – based reasoning with neural network theory.Rule based reasoning operates within strict parameters, in the form: IF < condition(s) > then <action>.
abstract: Split Up is an intelligent decision support system, which makes predictions about the distribution of marital property following divorce in Australia. It is designed to assist judges, registrars of the Family Court of Australia, mediators and lawyers.Split Up operates as a hybrid system, combining rule – based reasoning with neural network theory.Rule based reasoning operates within strict parameters, in the form: IF < condition(s) > then <action>. Neural networks, by contrast, are considered to be better suited to generate decisions in uncertain domains, since they can be taught to weigh the factors considered by judicial decision makers from case data.Yet, they do not provide an explanation for the conclusions they reach.Split_up, with a view to overcome this flaw, uses argument structures proposed by Toulmin as the basis for representations from which explanations can be generated.

Joe Enook
comment: Joe Enook (1950's – March 29, 2019), was a Canadian politician, who was elected to represent the district of Tununiq in the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut in a by-election on September 12, 2011. He was re-elected in 2013 and 2017.

CLAS detector
comment: CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) is a nuclear and particle physics detector located in the experimental Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory in Newport News, Virginia, United States. It is used to study the properties of the nuclear matter by the collaboration of over 200 physicists (CLAS Collaboration) from many countries all around the world.
abstract: CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) is a nuclear and particle physics detector located in the experimental Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory in Newport News, Virginia, United States. It is used to study the properties of the nuclear matter by the collaboration of over 200 physicists (CLAS Collaboration) from many countries all around the world. The 0.5 to 12.0 GeV electron beam from the accelerator of Jefferson Laboratory is brought into "Hall B", the experimental hall that houses the CLAS system. Electrons or photons in the incoming beam collide with the nuclei of atoms in the physics "target" located at the center of CLAS. These collisions generally produce new particles, often after the target nucleons (protons and neutrons) are briefly excited to heavier-mass versions of the familiar protons and neutrons. A whole variety of intermediate-mass short-lived particles called "mesons" can be created. Scattered electron as well as the longer-lived produced particles travel through the CLAS detector, where they are measured. Particle physicists use these measurements to deduce the underlying structure of protons and neutrons and to better understand the interactions that create these new particles. The CLAS detector system was operational from 1998 until May 2012. From that time onward, analysis of archived data continued for some years, as can be traced in the publications. Since 2012, a similar but new system called CLAS12 was constructed, which began operations with particle beams in 2017.

Bakarwadi
abstract: Bakarwadi or Bhākarwadi, is a traditional Marathi cuisine sweet and spicy snack, popular in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan, and widely available in the markets of Pune. It is made from gram flour dough made into spirals stuffed with a mixture of coconut, poppy seeds and sesame seeds. It is then fried until it gets crispy. It can be stored for weeks and enjoyed as an evening snack. It was popularized by Raghunathrao Chitale, a Marathi businessman, through the brand Chitale Bandhu. * Bakarwadi * close-up view of bakarwadi

Micellar liquid chromatography
comment: Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) is a form of reversed phase liquid chromatography that uses an aqueous micellar solutions as the mobile phase.

Blackhawk Island, Wisconsin
comment: Blackhawk Island is an unincorporated community located in the towns of Koshkonong and Sumner, Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States.

Tool wear
comment: Tool wear describes the gradual failure of cutting tools due to regular operation. It is a term often associated with tipped tools, tool bits, or drill bits that are used with machine tools. Types of wear include: * flank wear in which the portion of the tool in contact with the finished part erodes. Can be described using the Tool Life Expectancy equation. * crater wear in which contact with chips erodes the rake face. This is somewhat normal for tool wear, and does not seriously degrade the use of a tool until it becomes serious enough to cause a cutting edge failure.
abstract: Tool wear describes the gradual failure of cutting tools due to regular operation. It is a term often associated with tipped tools, tool bits, or drill bits that are used with machine tools. Types of wear include: * flank wear in which the portion of the tool in contact with the finished part erodes. Can be described using the Tool Life Expectancy equation. * crater wear in which contact with chips erodes the rake face. This is somewhat normal for tool wear, and does not seriously degrade the use of a tool until it becomes serious enough to cause a cutting edge failure. Can be caused by spindle speed that is too low or a feed rate that is too high. In orthogonal cutting this typically occurs where the tool temperature is highest. Crater wear occurs approximately at a height equaling the cutting depth of the material. Crater wear depth ~ t0t0= cutting depth * built-up edge in which material being machined builds up on the cutting edge. Some materials (notably aluminum and copper) have a tendency to anneal themselves to the cutting edge of a tool. It occurs most frequently on softer metals, with a lower melting point. It can be prevented by increasing cutting speeds and using lubricant. When drilling it can be noticed as alternating dark and shiny rings. * glazing occurs on grinding wheels, and occurs when the exposed abrasive becomes dulled. It is noticeable as a shine while the wheel is in motion. * edge wear, in drills, refers to wear to the outer edge of a drill bit around the cutting face caused by excessive cutting speed. It extends down the drill flutes, and requires a large volume of material to be removed from the drill bit before it can be corrected.

Brussels (community), Wisconsin
abstract: Brussels is an unincorporated community located, in the town of Brussels, in Door County, Wisconsin, United States. Brussels is 14 miles (23 km) southwest of Sturgeon Bay. Brussels uses the ZIP code of 54204.

Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana
comment: Field-Marshal Maharaja Sri Teen Chandra Shumsher Junga Bahadur Rana (8 July 1863 – 26 November 1929) was the Prime Minister of Nepal from the Rana dynasty. He served in this capacity from 27 June 1901 to his death in 1929, after he successfully disposed his liberal and reformist brother Dev Shamsher. Although generally perceived as despotic and conservative, he is credited with several reforms including the abolition of slavery.

Cochin (typeface)
abstract: Cochin is a serif typeface. It was originally produced in 1912 by Georges Peignot for the Paris foundry G. Peignot et Fils (future Deberny & Peignot) and was based on the copperplate engravings of French 18th century artist Charles-Nicolas Cochin, from which the typeface also takes its name. The font has a small x-height with long ascenders. Georges Peignot also created the design 'Nicolas-Cochin' as a looser variation in the same style.

Fluid dynamic gauge
comment: A fluid dynamic gauge (FDG) is a measurement technique used to study the behaviour of soft deposit layers in a liquid environment. It employs fluid mechanics to determine the thickness of the layer, and can also be used to obtain a measure of its strength. It was inspired by the technique of pneumatic gauging, which relies on a flow of air rather than the process liquid. Fluid dynamic gauging can be conducted as an in-line measuring technique, but is more commonly used as a research tool.
abstract: A fluid dynamic gauge (FDG) is a measurement technique used to study the behaviour of soft deposit layers in a liquid environment. It employs fluid mechanics to determine the thickness of the layer, and can also be used to obtain a measure of its strength. It was inspired by the technique of pneumatic gauging, which relies on a flow of air rather than the process liquid. Fluid dynamic gauging can be conducted as an in-line measuring technique, but is more commonly used as a research tool. The technique was originally developed to measure the buildup or removal of the fouling layers commonly encountered in the process industry (such as in the heat treatment of dairy products). More recently, it has been applied to study cake buildup on porous membrane surfaces. Scanning versions can determine the topology of a solid/soft-solid surface immersed in a liquid environment, in an analogous manner to an atomic force microscope, but exploiting the principles of fluid mechanics. Key features of the technique are that it can study soft deposit layers without touching them, relies on relatively simple operating principles, can be used in a completely opaque liquid, and does not rely on knowledge of the fluid or deposit properties.

Eric Openshaw Taylor
abstract: Prof Eric Openshaw Taylor FRSE PRSSA FIEE (c.1900–1987) was a 20th century British electrical engineer and scientific author. He was an early advocate of the use of nuclear power to create electricity.

Gotta Get Thru This (album)
comment: Gotta Get Thru This is the debut studio album by English-New Zealand singer Daniel Bedingfield. The album was released on 26 August 2002 by Polydor Records. It reached number two on the UK Albums Chart, and is certified five times platinum, having sold over 1.63 million copies. Worldwide, the album has sold over 4 million copies. Six singles were released from the album, including the number-one hits "Gotta Get Thru This", "If You're Not the One" and "Never Gonna Leave Your Side".

Bullichthys
abstract: Bullichthys is an extinct genus of albuliform fish which existed in the Romualdo Formation, Brazil during the Early Cretaceous (Albian) period. The type species is B. santanensis.

Natural computing
abstract: Natural computing, also called natural computation, is a terminology introduced to encompass three classes of methods: 1) those that take inspiration from nature for the development of novel problem-solving techniques; 2) those that are based on the use of computers to synthesize natural phenomena; and 3) those that employ natural materials (e.g., molecules) to compute. The main fields of research that compose these three branches are artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, fractal geometry, artificial life, DNA computing, and quantum computing, among others. Computational paradigms studied by natural computing are abstracted from natural phenomena as diverse as self-replication, the functioning of the brain, Darwinian evolution, group behavior, the immune system, the defining properties of life forms, cell membranes, and morphogenesis. Besides traditional electronic hardware, these computational paradigms can be implemented on alternative physical media such as biomolecules (DNA, RNA), or trapped-ion devices. Dually, one can view processes occurring in nature as information processing. Such processes include self-assembly, developmental processes, gene regulation networks, protein–protein interaction networks, biological transport (active transport, passive transport) networks, and in unicellular organisms. Efforts tounderstand biological systems also include engineering of semi-synthetic organisms, and understanding the universe itself from the point of view of information processing. Indeed, the idea was even advanced that information is more fundamental than matter or energy. The Zuse-Fredkin thesis, dating back to the 1960s, states that the entire universe is a huge cellular automaton which continuously updates its rules.Recently it has been suggested that the whole universe is a quantum computer that computes its own behaviour.
comment: Natural computing, also called natural computation, is a terminology introduced to encompass three classes of methods: 1) those that take inspiration from nature for the development of novel problem-solving techniques; 2) those that are based on the use of computers to synthesize natural phenomena; and 3) those that employ natural materials (e.g., molecules) to compute. The main fields of research that compose these three branches are artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, fractal geometry, artificial life, DNA computing, and quantum computing, among others.

Pete Duel
abstract: Peter Ellstrom Deuel (February 24, 1940 – December 31, 1971), known professionally as Pete Duel, was an American stage, television, and film actor, best known for his starring role as outlaw Hannibal Heyes (alias Joshua Smith) in the television series Alias Smith and Jones. He was the older brother of actor Geoffrey Deuel, who is best known for his role in Chisum (1970) and numerous episodic television appearances of the 1960s and '70s.

Grover Furr
abstract: Grover Carr Furr III (born April 3, 1944) is an American Stalinist professor of Medieval English literature at Montclair State University, but is best known for his books and articles on the history of the USSR under Joseph Stalin, particularly the 1930s.

Ashland Junction, Wisconsin
abstract: Ashland Junction is an unincorporated community located in the town of Eileen, Bayfield County, Wisconsin, United States.

Data-intensive computing
abstract: Data-intensive computing is a class of parallel computing applications which use a data parallel approach to process large volumes of data typically terabytes or petabytes in size and typically referred to as big data. Computing applications which devote most of their execution time to computational requirements are deemed compute-intensive, whereas computing applications which require large volumes of data and devote most of their processing time to I/O and manipulation of data are deemed data-intensive.

Bullvalene
abstract: Bullvalene is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H10. The molecule has a cage-like structure formed by the fusion of one cyclopropane and four cycloheptadiene rings. Bullvalene is unusual as an organic molecule due to the C-C and C=C bonds forming and breaking rapidly on the NMR timescale. It is a structure that is part of the fluctional molecules class in organic chemistry.

Fish marketing
comment: Fish marketing is the marketing and sale of fish products.

Speech error
comment: A speech error, commonly referred to as a slip of the tongue (Latin: lapsus linguae, or occasionally self-demonstratingly, lipsus languae) or misspeaking, is a deviation (conscious or unconscious) from the apparently intended form of an utterance. They can be subdivided into spontaneously and inadvertently produced speech errors and intentionally produced word-plays or puns. Another distinction can be drawn between production and comprehension errors. Errors in speech production and perception are also called performance errors. Some examples of speech error include sound exchange or sound anticipation errors. In sound exchange errors the order of two individual morphemes is reversed, while in sound anticipation errors a sound from a later syllable replaces one from an earlier syllable. Sl
abstract: A speech error, commonly referred to as a slip of the tongue (Latin: lapsus linguae, or occasionally self-demonstratingly, lipsus languae) or misspeaking, is a deviation (conscious or unconscious) from the apparently intended form of an utterance. They can be subdivided into spontaneously and inadvertently produced speech errors and intentionally produced word-plays or puns. Another distinction can be drawn between production and comprehension errors. Errors in speech production and perception are also called performance errors. Some examples of speech error include sound exchange or sound anticipation errors. In sound exchange errors the order of two individual morphemes is reversed, while in sound anticipation errors a sound from a later syllable replaces one from an earlier syllable. Slips of the tongue are a normal and common occurrence. One study shows that most people can make up to as much as 22 slips of the tongue per day. Speech errors are common among children, who have yet to refine their speech, and can frequently continue into adulthood. When errors continue past the age of 9 they are referred to as "residual speech errors" or RSEs. They sometimes lead to embarrassment and betrayal of the speaker's regional or ethnic origins. However, it is also common for them to enter the popular culture as a kind of linguistic "flavoring". Speech errors may be used intentionally for humorous effect, as with spoonerisms. Within the field of psycholinguistics, speech errors fall under the category of language production. Types of speech errors include: exchange errors, perseveration, anticipation, shift, substitution, blends, additions, and deletions. The study of speech errors has contributed to the establishment/refinement of models of speech production since Victoria Fromkin's pioneering work on this topic.

Bishop of Menevia
comment: The Bishop of Menevia is the Ordinary of the Latin Rite Roman Catholic Diocese of Menevia in the Province of Cardiff. The Diocese of Menevia covers an area of 9,716 km2 (3,751 sq mi) roughly consisting of Carmarthenshire, Ceredigion, Neath Port Talbot, Pembrokeshire, the City and County of Swansea and the ancient counties of Brecknockshire and Radnorshire. The see is in Swansea, where the seat is located at Saint Joseph's Cathedral. The estimated Catholic population of the Diocese is 26,266 out of a total population of 788,550 (3.3%).
abstract: The Bishop of Menevia is the Ordinary of the Latin Rite Roman Catholic Diocese of Menevia in the Province of Cardiff. The Diocese of Menevia covers an area of 9,716 km2 (3,751 sq mi) roughly consisting of Carmarthenshire, Ceredigion, Neath Port Talbot, Pembrokeshire, the City and County of Swansea and the ancient counties of Brecknockshire and Radnorshire. The see is in Swansea, where the seat is located at Saint Joseph's Cathedral. The Vicariate Apostolic of Wales was elevated to diocese status on 12 May 1898. The present territory of the Diocese dates from the restructuring of the Province of Cardiff by Pope John Paul II on 12 February 1987. The current bishop is the Right Reverend Thomas Burns, S.M. Previously Bishop of the Forces, he was appointed the eleventh Bishop of Menevia by Pope Benedict XVI on 16 October 2008 and took possession of his See during the celebration of Mass at the Cathedral on 1 December 2008. The estimated Catholic population of the Diocese is 26,266 out of a total population of 788,550 (3.3%).

Belle Fountain, Wisconsin
comment: Belle Fountain is an unincorporated community located in the town of Marcellon, Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States.

2019 Liga de Elite
comment: The 2019 Liga de Elite is the 47th season of the Liga de Elite, the top Macanese league for association football clubs since its establishment in 1973. The season began on 23 January 2019.

Meare Pool
abstract: Meare Pool (also known as Ferlingmere, Ferran Mere or Meare fish pool) was a lake in the Somerset Levels in South West England. Lake villages existed there in prehistoric times. During medieval times it was an important fishery, but following extensive drainage works it had disappeared from maps in the eighteenth century.

Livestock guardian dog
comment: A livestock guardian dog (LGD) is a type of pastoral dog bred for the purpose of protecting livestock from predators. Livestock guardian dogs stay with the group of animals they protect as a full-time member of the flock or herd. Their ability to guard their herd is mainly instinctive as the dog is bonded to the herd from an early age. Unlike herding dogs which control the movement of livestock, LGDs blend in with them, watching for intruders within the flock. The mere presence of a guardian dog is usually enough to ward off some predators, and LGDs will confront predators by vocal intimidation, barking, and displaying very aggressive behavior. The dog may attack or fight with a predator if it is unable to drive away the predator. Livestock guardians may actively look for predators within
abstract: A livestock guardian dog (LGD) is a type of pastoral dog bred for the purpose of protecting livestock from predators. Livestock guardian dogs stay with the group of animals they protect as a full-time member of the flock or herd. Their ability to guard their herd is mainly instinctive as the dog is bonded to the herd from an early age. Unlike herding dogs which control the movement of livestock, LGDs blend in with them, watching for intruders within the flock. The mere presence of a guardian dog is usually enough to ward off some predators, and LGDs will confront predators by vocal intimidation, barking, and displaying very aggressive behavior. The dog may attack or fight with a predator if it is unable to drive away the predator. Livestock guardians may actively look for predators within protected territory to catch and destroy them, and there are known cases of dogs luring coyotes to a source of food in order to hunt them.

SMS Selangor
comment: Sekolah Menengah Sains Selangor (English: Selangor Science Secondary School; abbreviated SMSS) is one of three fully residential schools (Sekolah Berasrama Penuh) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Established in 1973 under the Second Malaysia Plan to comply with Malaysian New Economic Policy, the school is located about a small hill in Bandar Tun Razak, overlooking the scenic Permaisuri Lake. In 2011, the school was awarded the Sekolah Berprestasi Tinggi or High Performance School title, awarded to schools in Malaysia that have met stringent criteria including academic achievement, strength of alumni, international recognition, network, and linkages. In the recent PMR examination (2013), the school managed to produce 84 straight A's students out of 120 with GPS 1.06 to be the best schools in Kual
abstract: Sekolah Menengah Sains Selangor (English: Selangor Science Secondary School; abbreviated SMSS) is one of three fully residential schools (Sekolah Berasrama Penuh) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Established in 1973 under the Second Malaysia Plan to comply with Malaysian New Economic Policy, the school is located about a small hill in Bandar Tun Razak, overlooking the scenic Permaisuri Lake. In 2011, the school was awarded the Sekolah Berprestasi Tinggi or High Performance School title, awarded to schools in Malaysia that have met stringent criteria including academic achievement, strength of alumni, international recognition, network, and linkages. In the recent PMR examination (2013), the school managed to produce 84 straight A's students out of 120 with GPS 1.06 to be the best schools in Kuala Lumpur.

Rod Smallwood (medical engineer)
abstract: Professor Rodney Harris Smallwood FREng, HonFRCP, FIEE, FInstP, FIPEM (born 1945), known as Rod, is a British medical engineer and computer scientist. Smallwood graduated in Physics from University College London, then studied solid-state physics at Lancaster University, before working for the National Health Service in Sheffield. He was appointed Professor of Medical Engineering and Head of the academic Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering Department at the University of Sheffield in 1995, took a computer science post in 2002, and subsequently became Professor of Computational Systems Biology and the Director of Research for Engineering. He has served as president of the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.
comment: Professor Rodney Harris Smallwood FREng, HonFRCP, FIEE, FInstP, FIPEM (born 1945), known as Rod, is a British medical engineer and computer scientist. Smallwood graduated in Physics from University College London, then studied solid-state physics at Lancaster University, before working for the National Health Service in Sheffield. He has served as president of the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.

Luis Ortiz (Cuban boxer)
comment: Luis Ortiz (born March 29, 1979) is a Cuban professional boxer. He held the WBA interim heavyweight title from 2015 to 2016, and has challenged once for the WBC heavyweight title in 2018. As an amateur, he won a silver medal at the 2005 Boxing World Cup. Nicknamed "King Kong", Ortiz is known for his formidable punching power and counterpunching skills.

Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability
abstract: The stability problem of functional equations originated from a question of Stanisław Ulam, posed in 1940, concerning the stability of group homomorphisms. In the next year, Donald H. Hyers gave a partial affirmative answer to the question of Ulam in the context of Banach spaces in the case of additive mappings, that was the first significant breakthrough and a step toward more solutions in this area. Since then, a large number of papers have been published in connection with various generalizations of Ulam’s problem and Hyers’s theorem. In 1978, Themistocles M. Rassias succeeded in extending Hyers’s theorem for mappings between Banach spaces by considering an unbounded Cauchy difference subject to a continuity condition upon the mapping. He was the first to prove the stability of the linear mapping. This result of Rassias attracted several mathematicians worldwide who began to be stimulated to investigate the stability problems of functional equations. By regarding a large influence of S. M. Ulam, D. H. Hyers, and Th. M. Rassias on the study of stability problems of functional equations, the stability phenomenon proved by Th. M. Rassias led to the development of what is now known as Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability of functional equations. For an extensive presentation of the stability of functional equations in the context of Ulam's problem, the interested reader is referred to the books by S.-M. Jung, S. Czerwik, Y.J. Cho, C. Park, Th.M. Rassias and R. Saadati, Y.J. Cho, Th.M. Rassias and R. Saadati, and Pl. Kannappan, as well as to the following papers . In 1950, T. Aoki considered an unbounded Cauchy difference which was generalised later by Rassias to the linear case. This result is known as Hyers–Ulam–Aoki stability of the additive mapping. Aoki (1950) had not considered continuity upon the mapping, whereas Rassias (1978) imposed extra continuity hypothesis which yielded a formally stronger conclusion.
comment: The stability problem of functional equations originated from a question of Stanisław Ulam, posed in 1940, concerning the stability of group homomorphisms. In the next year, Donald H. Hyers gave a partial affirmative answer to the question of Ulam in the context of Banach spaces in the case of additive mappings, that was the first significant breakthrough and a step toward more solutions in this area. Since then, a large number of papers have been published in connection with various generalizations of Ulam’s problem and Hyers’s theorem. In 1978, Themistocles M. Rassias succeeded in extending Hyers’s theorem for mappings between Banach spaces by considering an unbounded Cauchy difference subject to a continuity condition upon the mapping. He was the first to prove the stability of the line

Armstrong Creek (community), Wisconsin
comment: Armstrong Creek is an unincorporated community in the town of Armstrong Creek, Forest County, Wisconsin, United States. Armstrong Creek is located at the junction of U.S. Route 8 and Wisconsin Highway 101 23 miles (37 km) east-northeast of Crandon. Armstrong Creek has a post office with ZIP code 54103.

Antonio Giovinazzi
comment: Antonio Giovinazzi (born 14 December 1993) is an Italian racing driver currently competing in Formula One for Alfa Romeo Racing. He was the 2015 FIA Formula 3 European Championship runner-up and raced with Prema in the 2016 International GP2 Series, again finishing runner-up with five wins and eight overall podiums. Giovinazzi was chosen by Scuderia Ferrari to be their third and reserve driver for the 2017 season. He made his competitive début for Sauber at the 2017 Australian Grand Prix, replacing the injured Pascal Wehrlein. He also replaced Wehrlein at the following Chinese Grand Prix as Wehrlein continued his recovery. Giovinazzi signed a contract to race full-time for Alfa Romeo Racing in 2019.

1966 anti-cow slaughter agitation
comment: In 1966, several Hindu organisations, and a political party agitated to demand a ban on the slaughter of cows in India, as enshrined in the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution of India. Among others, the Shankaracharya fasted for the cause. The agitation culminated in a massive demonstration outside the parliament house in New Delhi on 7 November 1966 (corresponding to Kartik Shukla Ashtami day also known as Gopa Ashtami as per Indian national calendar, Vikram Samvat). The Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi did not accept the demand for a ban on cow slaughter. The demonstrators broke curfew and burned cars and tried to set fire to central government buildings.After lathi charges and tear-gas shells failed to disperse crowds, police guarding Parliament House opened fire on t
abstract: In 1966, several Hindu organisations, and a political party agitated to demand a ban on the slaughter of cows in India, as enshrined in the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution of India. Among others, the Shankaracharya fasted for the cause. The agitation culminated in a massive demonstration outside the parliament house in New Delhi on 7 November 1966 (corresponding to Kartik Shukla Ashtami day also known as Gopa Ashtami as per Indian national calendar, Vikram Samvat). The Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi did not accept the demand for a ban on cow slaughter. The demonstrators broke curfew and burned cars and tried to set fire to central government buildings.After lathi charges and tear-gas shells failed to disperse crowds, police guarding Parliament House opened fire on the swelling mob. According to different sources, 7 were killed and over 100 injured

List of lakes in Tamil Nadu
abstract: This page lists the lakes in the South Indian state, Tamil Nadu. Chennai * Ayanambakkam Lake * Chembarambakkam Lake * Chetput Lake * Chitlapakkam Lake * * * * Kolavai Lake * Korattur Lake * Maduranthakam lake * Manali Lake * * * * * Porur Lake * * Pulicat Lake * Puzhal lake * Retteri Lake * Sholavaram Lake * * Velachery Lake Kodaikanal * Kodaikanal Lake Ooty * Ooty lake * Avalanche Lake, Ooty * Emerald Lake, Ooty Coimbatore * Singanallur Lake * Valankulam Lake * * Karur * * * Cuddalore * Wellington Lake * Veeranam Lake * Villupuram * Kaliveli Lake * Vellore * * * Salem * * Mookaneri Lake * * Kanchipuram * Thirupulivanam * Magaral * Sriperumpudur * Madhuranthagam * Chembarambakkam * Uthiramerur * Pallikaranai
comment: This page lists the lakes in the South Indian state, Tamil Nadu. Chennai * Ayanambakkam Lake * Chembarambakkam Lake * Chetput Lake * Chitlapakkam Lake * * * * Kolavai Lake * Korattur Lake * Maduranthakam lake * Manali Lake * * * * * Porur Lake * * Pulicat Lake * Puzhal lake * Retteri Lake * Sholavaram Lake * * Velachery Lake Kodaikanal * Kodaikanal Lake Ooty * Ooty lake * Avalanche Lake, Ooty * Emerald Lake, Ooty Coimbatore * Singanallur Lake * Valankulam Lake * * Karur * * * Cuddalore * Wellington Lake * Veeranam Lake * Villupuram * Kaliveli Lake * Vellore

European ass
comment: The European ass (Equus hydruntinus) is an extinct equine from the middle and late Pleistocene of Eurasia. It appeared first in the fossil report 300,000 years before present and did not disappear until Holocene times. In the late Pleistocene it was widespread throughout much of western Eurasia from the Middle East to Europe, especially along the Mediterranean, with fossil reports from Sicily, Turkey, Spain, France and Portugal. In the east the range apparently stretched at least to the Volga and to Iran. In the north it reached almost to the North Sea in Germany. It is possible that the Iberian "cebro", extinct in the wild from the 16th century, could correspond to the Equus hydruntinus, although the word "cebro" comes from Latin equiferus meaning 'wild horse'. Morphologically the Europea
abstract: The European ass (Equus hydruntinus) is an extinct equine from the middle and late Pleistocene of Eurasia. It appeared first in the fossil report 300,000 years before present and did not disappear until Holocene times. In the late Pleistocene it was widespread throughout much of western Eurasia from the Middle East to Europe, especially along the Mediterranean, with fossil reports from Sicily, Turkey, Spain, France and Portugal. In the east the range apparently stretched at least to the Volga and to Iran. In the north it reached almost to the North Sea in Germany. It is possible that the Iberian "cebro", extinct in the wild from the 16th century, could correspond to the Equus hydruntinus, although the word "cebro" comes from Latin equiferus meaning 'wild horse'. Morphologically the European ass can be distinguished from asses and hemiones particularly by its molars and the relatively short nares. The exact systematic position is still not fully clear, but genetic and morphological analysis suggest that it is closely related to the Asiatic wild ass.

The Voice Portugal
comment: The Voice Portugal (A Voz de Portugal in the first season) is a Portuguese reality singing competition and local version of The Voice originally broadcast as The Voice of Holland. It premiered on 29 October 2011, on RTP1, with the first-season finale airing on February 25, 2012, crowning Denis Filipe as the winner. The show came back in 2014 with its second season with new judges, a new co-host, a new show name, and new Repórteres V (backstage hosts). The winner of the second season was Rui Drumond. RTP1 later announced the first season of The Voice Kids Portugal and the third season of the main show. The third season premiered October 11, 2015 with new judge, Aurea. In its third season, the show proved to be a hit and was subsequently renewed for a fourth season, which was premiered in 20
abstract: The Voice Portugal (A Voz de Portugal in the first season) is a Portuguese reality singing competition and local version of The Voice originally broadcast as The Voice of Holland. It premiered on 29 October 2011, on RTP1, with the first-season finale airing on February 25, 2012, crowning Denis Filipe as the winner. The show came back in 2014 with its second season with new judges, a new co-host, a new show name, and new Repórteres V (backstage hosts). The winner of the second season was Rui Drumond. RTP1 later announced the first season of The Voice Kids Portugal and the third season of the main show. The third season premiered October 11, 2015 with new judge, Aurea. In its third season, the show proved to be a hit and was subsequently renewed for a fourth season, which was premiered in 2016. The series employs a panel of four coaches who critique the artists' performances. Each coach guides their teams of selected artists through the remainder of the season. They also compete to ensure that their act wins the competition, thus making them the winning coach. The original coaching panel consisted of Rui Reininho, Paulo Gonzo, Mia Rose and the duo Anjos. In 2014 when the show came back, Reininho returned as a judge and was joined by Mickael Carreira, Marisa Liz and Anselmo Ralph. Also in 2014, Ralph became one of the judges of the kids version, alongside Daniela Mercury and Raquel Tavares. In the third season Reininho left and was replaced by Aurea. The show is hosted by Catarina Furtado and in the second season, Vasco Palmeirim and Furtado became co-hosts. The kids version was hosted by Palmeirim and Mariana Monteiro, who was a Repórter V for the second season of the main series. The show also features backstage hosts (Repórteres V). Diogo Beja was the first Repórter V back in 2011, and he came back in the second season, joined by Laura Figueiredo, Mariana Monteiro and Pedro Fernandes. In the third season, Jani Gabriel became the only Repórter V. During the kids seas[cell cut: 2064 characters, first 2000 kept]

Bijuri
abstract: Bijuri is a city and a Municipality or Municipal Council or Nagar Palika Parishad in Anuppur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India.

Grass wren
abstract: The grass wren (Cistothorus platensis) is a species of passerine bird in the Troglodytidae family. It is widely distributed in central and southern America. The species was described in 1790 by the English ornithologist John Latham and given the binomial name Sylvia platensis. The type locality is Buenos Aires, Argentina. The current genus Cistothorus was introduced by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1850. The grass wren and the sedge wren were formerly treated as conspecific. They were split based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014. There are 17 recognised subspecies of the grass wren.

Fashion Ally
abstract: Fashion Ally (working title) is an upcoming British-American-Canadian animated television series created by Paula Rosenthal and produced by Silvergate Media for Nickelodeon. No release date has been announced.

File dynamics
abstract: The term file dynamics is the motion of many particles in a narrow channel. In science: in chemistry, physics, mathematics and related fields, file dynamics (sometimes called, single file dynamics) is the diffusion of N (N → ∞) identical Brownian hard spheres in a quasi-one-dimensional channel of length L (L → ∞), such that the spheres do not jump one on top of the other, and the average particle's density is approximately fixed. The most famous statistical properties of this process is that the mean squared displacement (MSD) of a particle in the file follows, , and its probability density function (PDF) is Gaussian in position with a variance MSD. Results in files that generalize the basic file include: * In files with a density law that is not fixed, but decays as a power law with an exponent a with the distance from the origin, the particle in the origin has a MSD that scales like, , with a Gaussian PDF. * When, in addition, the particles' diffusion coefficients are distributed like a power law with exponent γ (around the origin), the MSD follows, , with a Gaussian PDF. * In anomalous files that are renewal, namely, when all particles attempt a jump together, yet, with jumping times taken from a distribution that decays as a power law with an exponent, −1 − α, the MSD scales like the MSD of the corresponding normal file, in the power of α. * In anomalous files of independent particles, the MSD is very slow and scales like, . Even more exciting, the particles form clusters in such files, defining a dynamical phase transition. This depends on the anomaly power α: the percentage of particles in clusters ξ follows, . * Other generalizations include: when the particles can bypass each other with a constant probability upon encounter, an enhanced diffusion is seen. When the particles interact with the channel, a slower diffusion is observed. Files in embedded in two-dimensions show similar characteristics of files in one dimension. Generalizations of the basic file ar[cell cut: 2344 characters, first 2000 kept]
comment: The term file dynamics is the motion of many particles in a narrow channel. In science: in chemistry, physics, mathematics and related fields, file dynamics (sometimes called, single file dynamics) is the diffusion of N (N → ∞) identical Brownian hard spheres in a quasi-one-dimensional channel of length L (L → ∞), such that the spheres do not jump one on top of the other, and the average particle's density is approximately fixed. The most famous statistical properties of this process is that the mean squared displacement (MSD) of a particle in the file follows, , and its probability density function (PDF) is Gaussian in position with a variance MSD.

Brooks, Wisconsin
abstract: Brooks is an unincorporated community located, in the town of New Chester, Adams County, Wisconsin, United States. Brooks is 5 miles (8.0 km) northwest of Oxford.

Star Chinese Channel
abstract: Star Chinese Channel (Chinese: 衛視中文台; pinyin: Wèishì Zhōngwén Tái) is a Taiwanese Mandarin general entertainment television channel operated by Disney Channels Worldwide Taiwan. Its programming features drama, variety, lifestyle, and talk shows in Mandarin. Launched in 1991 by Star TV (now Disney Channels Worldwide Asia Pacific), the channel originally targeted audiences in Greater China, before it reduced broadcasting area to Taiwan in 1996.

Badshah Begum (Web series)
abstract: Badshah Begum is an upcoming 2019 Pakistani web series, produced by Rafay Rashdi and directed by Farooq Rind. It stars Iman Ali, Imran Ashraf and Gohar Rasheed. It is expected to release in June 2019.

Salvia divinorum
abstract: Salvia divinorum (also known as sage of the diviners, ska maría pastora, seer's sage, yerba de la pastora or simply salvia) is a plant species with transient psychoactive properties when its leaves are consumed by chewing, smoking or as a tea. The leaves contain opioid-like compounds that induce hallucinations. Because the plant has not been well-studied in high-quality clinical research, little is known about its toxicology, adverse effects, or safety over long-term consumption.Its native habitat is cloud forest in the isolated Sierra Mazateca of Oaxaca, Mexico, where it grows in shady, moist locations. The plant grows to over a meter high, has hollow square stems like others in the mint family Lamiaceae, large leaves, and occasional white flowers with violet calyxes. Botanists have not determined whether Salvia divinorum is a cultigen or a hybrid because native plants reproduce vegetatively and rarely produce viable seed. Mazatec shamans have a long and continuous tradition of religious use of Salvia divinorum to facilitate visionary states of consciousness during spiritual healing sessions. Its chief active psychoactive constituent is a structurally unique diterpenoid called salvinorin A, a potent κ-opioid agonist. Although not thoroughly assessed, preliminary research indicates Salvia divinorum may have low toxicity (high LD50). The effects are rapid in onset and short-lasting. Salvia divinorum is legal in some countries and certain US states, while other states have passed laws criminalizing it.
comment: Salvia divinorum (also known as sage of the diviners, ska maría pastora, seer's sage, yerba de la pastora or simply salvia) is a plant species with transient psychoactive properties when its leaves are consumed by chewing, smoking or as a tea. The leaves contain opioid-like compounds that induce hallucinations. Because the plant has not been well-studied in high-quality clinical research, little is known about its toxicology, adverse effects, or safety over long-term consumption.Its native habitat is cloud forest in the isolated Sierra Mazateca of Oaxaca, Mexico, where it grows in shady, moist locations. The plant grows to over a meter high, has hollow square stems like others in the mint family Lamiaceae, large leaves, and occasional white flowers with violet calyxes. Botanists have not d

Sofia University
abstract: Sofia University, "St. Kliment Ohridski" at the University of Sofia, (Bulgarian: Софийски университет „Св. Климент Охридски“, Sofijski universitet „Sv. Kliment Ohridski“) is the oldest higher education institution in Bulgaria. Founded on 1 October 1888, the edifice of the university was constructed between 1924 and 1934 with the financial support of the brothers Evlogi Georgiev and Hristo Georgiev (whose sculptures are now featured on its façade) and has an area of 18,624 m² and a total of 324 premises. The university has 16 faculties and three departments, where over 21,000 students receive their education. The current rector is . It has been consistently ranked as the top university in Bulgaria according to national and international rankings, being constantly among the best four percent of world universities according to QS World University Rankings.
comment: Sofia University, "St. Kliment Ohridski" at the University of Sofia, (Bulgarian: Софийски университет „Св. Климент Охридски“, Sofijski universitet „Sv. Kliment Ohridski“) is the oldest higher education institution in Bulgaria. It has been consistently ranked as the top university in Bulgaria according to national and international rankings, being constantly among the best four percent of world universities according to QS World University Rankings.

FEA-M
comment: In cryptography, FEA-M (Fast Encryption Algorithm for Multimedia) is a block cipher developed in 2001 by X. Yi, C. H. Tan, C. K. Siew, and M. R. Syed. With the unusually large block size of 4096 bits, all of FEA-M's calculations operate on 64×64 binary matrices. Unlike most block ciphers, FEA-M does not use multiple rounds of encryption. Each block is encrypted using just two multiplications and two additions. The data is encrypted using a pair of session keys chosen for just that message. The key is an invertible matrix used to encrypt the session keys, and the encrypted session keys must be sent along with the ciphertext. Since only invertible matrices can be used for the key, the effective key size is about 4094.2 bits.
abstract: In cryptography, FEA-M (Fast Encryption Algorithm for Multimedia) is a block cipher developed in 2001 by X. Yi, C. H. Tan, C. K. Siew, and M. R. Syed. With the unusually large block size of 4096 bits, all of FEA-M's calculations operate on 64×64 binary matrices. Unlike most block ciphers, FEA-M does not use multiple rounds of encryption. Each block is encrypted using just two multiplications and two additions. The data is encrypted using a pair of session keys chosen for just that message. The key is an invertible matrix used to encrypt the session keys, and the encrypted session keys must be sent along with the ciphertext. Since only invertible matrices can be used for the key, the effective key size is about 4094.2 bits. FEA-M is insecure; an attack found by and Tavares (2003) recovers the secret key using only 1 known plaintext and 2 chosen plaintexts.

Autochaperone
abstract: Autotransporter proteins are proteins secreted out the Gram-negative bacteria. These beta helixes require a domain which is called the intramolecular autochaperone domain. It shows similarities with other intramolecular chaperone sequences and has a folding-associated function. This increases the efficiency, either by stabilizing the beta-barrel, or by promoting the folding of the passenger domain. The autochaperone domain is usually located between the HSF and the passenger domain. When the passenger domain is translocated, starting with its C terminus, the autochaperone domain is first out. This would result in the formation of a hairpin structure.
comment: Autotransporter proteins are proteins secreted out the Gram-negative bacteria. These beta helixes require a domain which is called the intramolecular autochaperone domain. It shows similarities with other intramolecular chaperone sequences and has a folding-associated function. This increases the efficiency, either by stabilizing the beta-barrel, or by promoting the folding of the passenger domain.

Frank Hinman Pierpont
comment: Frank Hinman Pierpont (born 1860, New Haven, Connecticut – died 11 February 1937, England) was an American engineer and typeface designer. He worked primarily in England for the Monotype Corporation of Britain. After training as a mechanic in Hartford, Connecticut, Pierpont began employment in 1886 with a patent office where he worked on a typesetting machine. Leaving for Europe in 1894, by 1896 he became a director of Typograph Setzmachinen-Fabrik, a German manufacturer of typesetting machines.
abstract: Frank Hinman Pierpont (born 1860, New Haven, Connecticut – died 11 February 1937, England) was an American engineer and typeface designer. He worked primarily in England for the Monotype Corporation of Britain. After training as a mechanic in Hartford, Connecticut, Pierpont began employment in 1886 with a patent office where he worked on a typesetting machine. Leaving for Europe in 1894, by 1896 he became a director of Typograph Setzmachinen-Fabrik, a German manufacturer of typesetting machines. Beginning in 1899 and continuing until 1936, a year before his death, Pierpont first helped to establish and then act as factory manager and later board member of the British branch of Lanston Monotype in Salfords, Surrey, England. While working for Monotype he supervised the reproduction of revivals of classic type designs and new designs such as Times New Roman. He reportedly had doubts about the artistic ambitions of Monotype's artistic adviser Stanley Morison and publicity manager Beatrice Warde, complaining in one 1920s memo of the Gill Sans typeface, then in development, that "I see nothing in this design to recommend it and much that is objectionable." In his spare time Pierpont enjoyed growing roses. He retired as Works Manager in 1936 and became Consulting Engineer with a seat on the board, an occasion marked by a dinner at the Savoy Hotel, but died the following year.

1961 French Grand Prix
abstract: The 1961 French Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 2 July 1961 at Reims. It was race 4 of 8 in both the 1961 World Championship of Drivers and the 1961 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. By winning the race, Giancarlo Baghetti became only the third driver to win his first World Championship race, the other two being Nino Farina, who won the first World Championship race (the 1950 British Grand Prix) and Johnnie Parsons, who won the 1950 Indianapolis 500 (the Indianapolis 500 was part of the World Championship from 1950 to 1960), though both Farina and Parsons had competed at future World Championship races before the creation of the championship, while this was Baghetti's first start at a major Grand Prix. This was Baghetti's only World Championship race win. He would never finish in the top 3 again.
comment: The 1961 French Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 2 July 1961 at Reims. It was race 4 of 8 in both the 1961 World Championship of Drivers and the 1961 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.

Bardwell, Wisconsin
comment: Bardwell is an unincorporated community located in the town of Darien, Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States.

Charles Speziale
comment: Charles Gregory Speziale (June 16, 1948 – April 30, 1999) was a scientist who had worked in NASA Langley Research Center and a former Professor in Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering,Boston University, Massachusetts, US.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux derivatives
comment: Red Hat Enterprise Linux derivatives are Linux distributions that are based on the source code of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).

Texas Hardtails
comment: Texas Hardtails is a TV series that aired 10 episodes in the United States during 2005. The show aired on the Speed Channel and ran thirty minutes.

History of apoptosis research
abstract: Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. From its early conceptual beginnings in the 1950s, it has exploded as an area of research within the life sciences community. As well as its implication in many diseases, it is an integral part of biological development.

Burned house horizon
comment: In the archaeology of Neolithic Europe, the burned house horizon is the geographical extent of the phenomenon of presumably intentionally burned settlements. This was a widespread and long-lasting tradition in what is now Southeastern and Eastern Europe, lasting from as early as 6500 BCE (the beginning of the Neolithic) to as late as 2000 BCE (the end of the Chalcolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age). A notable representative of this tradition is the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture, which was centered on the burned-house horizon both geographically and temporally.
abstract: In the archaeology of Neolithic Europe, the burned house horizon is the geographical extent of the phenomenon of presumably intentionally burned settlements. This was a widespread and long-lasting tradition in what is now Southeastern and Eastern Europe, lasting from as early as 6500 BCE (the beginning of the Neolithic) to as late as 2000 BCE (the end of the Chalcolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age). A notable representative of this tradition is the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture, which was centered on the burned-house horizon both geographically and temporally. There is still a discussion in the study of Neolithic and Eneolithic Europe whether the majority of burned houses were intentionally set alight or not. Although the reasons behind why house burning was practiced are still debated, the evidence seems to support that it occurred in such a way as to indicate it was highly unlikely to have been as a result of accidental cause. If these regularly occurring burnings, in which the entire settlement is destroyed, were deliberate, then there has still been a debate about why this happened. However, in recent years, the consensus has begun to gel around the supported by Tringham, Stevanovic and others. Cucuteni-Trypillian settlements were completely burned every 75–80 years, leaving behind successive layers consisting mostly of large amounts of rubble from the collapsed wattle-and-daub walls. This rubble was mostly ceramic material that had been created as the raw clay used in the daub of the walls became vitrified from the intense heat that would have turned it a bright orange color during the conflagration that destroyed the buildings, much the same way that raw clay objects are turned into ceramic products during the firing process in a kiln. Moreover, the sheer amount of fired-clay rubble found within every house of a settlement indicates that a fire of enormous intensity would have raged through the entire community to have created the volume of material fou[cell cut: 2003 characters, first 2000 kept]

Maqbool Ahmed Sabri
abstract: Maqbool Ahmed Sabri (12 October 1945 – 21 September 2011) was a major Qawwali singer, and a leading member of the Sabri Brothers, a leading qawwali group in Pakistan during the 1970s–1990s. He was awarded the Pride of Performance Award by the President of Pakistan in 1978.

Ted Lockwood
comment: Ted Lockwood (May 19, 1945 – 2005) was an aesthetic plastic surgeon in private practice and clinical assistant professor of plastic surgery at the University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, Kansas. Lockwood developed an abdominoplasty procedure, the lower body lift, that combined the sculpting tool of liposuction with a lifting operation that shifted tissues "back where they came from." In 2005, Lockwood died at the age of 59, after a year-long struggle with brain cancer.

Manipur
comment: Manipur(ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ)( ()) is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south, and Assam to the west; Burma (Myanmar) lies to its east. The state covers an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and has a population of almost 3 million, including the Meitei, who are the majority group in the state, Kuki, and Naga peoples, who speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages. Manipur has been at the crossroads of Asian economic and cultural exchange for more than 2,500 years. It has long connected the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia, China (or East Asia), Siberia, Micronesia and Polynesia, enabling migration of people, cultures, and religions.
abstract: Manipur(ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ)( ()) is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south, and Assam to the west; Burma (Myanmar) lies to its east. The state covers an area of 22,327 square kilometres (8,621 sq mi) and has a population of almost 3 million, including the Meitei, who are the majority group in the state, Kuki, and Naga peoples, who speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages. Manipur has been at the crossroads of Asian economic and cultural exchange for more than 2,500 years. It has long connected the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia, China (or East Asia), Siberia, Micronesia and Polynesia, enabling migration of people, cultures, and religions. During the Raj, the Kingdom of Manipur was one of the princely states. Between 1917 and 1939, the people of Manipur pressed for their rights against British rule. By the late 1930s, the princely state of Manipur negotiated with the British administration its preference to be part of India, rather than Burma. These negotiations were cut short with the outbreak of World War II. On 11 August 1947, Maharaja Budhachandra signed the Instrument of Accession, joining India. Later on 21 September 1949, he signed a Merger Agreement, merging the kingdom into India. This merger has been disputed by groups in Manipur as having been completed without consensus and under duress. The dispute and differing visions for the future has resulted in a 50-year insurgency in the state for independence from India, as well as in repeated episodes of violence among ethnic groups in the state. From 2009 through 2018, the conflict was responsible for the violent deaths of over 1000 people. The Meitei ethnic group represents 53% of the population of Manipur state. The main language of the state is Meitei (also known as Manipuri) followed closely by Thadou language of the Kuki tribe and other various dialects of the Kuki tribes, followed by Naga tribes various dialects. Trib[cell cut: 2673 characters, first 2000 kept]

Morley Kare
comment: Dr. Morley Richard Kare (1922–1990) was a physiologist and biologist. Morley Richard Kare was born in 1922 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He received his bachelor's degree in agriculture from the University of Manitoba in 1943, his master’s in nutrition from the University of British Columbia in 1948 and his Ph.D. in physiology from Cornell University in 1952. In his memory, the Monell Center created the Morley R. Kare Fellows Fund in 1990. The Fund helps support scientists beginning careers in the chemical senses.
abstract: Dr. Morley Richard Kare (1922–1990) was a physiologist and biologist. Morley Richard Kare was born in 1922 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He received his bachelor's degree in agriculture from the University of Manitoba in 1943, his master’s in nutrition from the University of British Columbia in 1948 and his Ph.D. in physiology from Cornell University in 1952. Dr. Kare taught physiology at Cornell University, North Carolina State University and the University of Pennsylvania. Although his early research focused on muscle biochemistry and metabolism, he became increasingly interested in the senses of taste and smell and how these senses contribute to nutrition and food choice across species. Kare is best remembered for founding the Monell Chemical Senses Center, a multidisciplinary basic research institute devoted to the science of taste and smell, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He served as the Center’s first Director from 1968 until his death in 1990, at which point Dr. Gary Beauchamp took over. In his memory, the Monell Center created the Morley R. Kare Fellows Fund in 1990. The Fund helps support scientists beginning careers in the chemical senses.

Roman Catholic Bishop of Arundel and Brighton
abstract: The Bishop of Arundel and Brighton is the ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arundel and Brighton in the Province of Southwark, England. The bishop's official residence is Bishop's House, The Upper Drive, Hove, East Sussex. The most recent former bishop was the Right Reverend Kieran Thomas Conry, the fourth bishop of the diocese, who announced his resignation on 27 September 2014, and which was accepted by Pope Francis on 4 October 2014. On 21 May 2015, Pope Francis appointed Richard Moth to be the fifth bishop of Arundel and Brighton. He was installed on 28 May 2015 at Arundel Cathedral. The Diocese of Arundel and Brighton was created on 28 May 1965 out of the Diocese of Southwark when the latter was elevated to archdiocese status. The diocese covers 4,997 km² and consists of the counties of East and West Sussex and Surrey outside the Greater London Boroughs. The see is in the town of Arundel where the bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of Our Lady & Saint Philip Howard.
comment: The Bishop of Arundel and Brighton is the ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arundel and Brighton in the Province of Southwark, England. The bishop's official residence is Bishop's House, The Upper Drive, Hove, East Sussex. The Diocese of Arundel and Brighton was created on 28 May 1965 out of the Diocese of Southwark when the latter was elevated to archdiocese status.

Bergen Beach, Wisconsin
abstract: Bergen Beach is an unincorporated community in the town of Taycheedah, Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States.

Goal (2007 Hindi film)
abstract: Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal (English: Get Set Goal) is a 2007 Indian Hindi sport film. It was released on 23 November 2007, produced by Ronnie Screwvala and directed by Vivek Agnihotri for UTV Motion Pictures. The film stars John Abraham, Bipasha Basu, Arshad Warsi and Boman Irani. The film's soundtrack is composed by Pritam with lyrics by Javed Akhtar. Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal is a contemporary fictional story of the South Asian community in the UK, told through the prism of professional football. The film received positive reviews though the film was only moderately successful at the box-office and was declared "Average" by Box Office India. The film was premiered in the Tous Les Cinemas du Monde (World Cinema) section of 2007 Cannes Film Festival. The plot is said to bear a lot of ressemblance to the 2004 Hollywood movie DodgeBall: A True Underdog Story.
comment: Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal (English: Get Set Goal) is a 2007 Indian Hindi sport film. It was released on 23 November 2007, produced by Ronnie Screwvala and directed by Vivek Agnihotri for UTV Motion Pictures. The film stars John Abraham, Bipasha Basu, Arshad Warsi and Boman Irani. The film's soundtrack is composed by Pritam with lyrics by Javed Akhtar. Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal is a contemporary fictional story of the South Asian community in the UK, told through the prism of professional football. The film received positive reviews though the film was only moderately successful at the box-office and was declared "Average" by Box Office India. The film was premiered in the Tous Les Cinemas du Monde (World Cinema) section of 2007 Cannes Film Festival.

Bangalore
abstract: Bangalore, officially known as Bengaluru ([ˈbeŋɡəɭuːɾu] ()), is the capital city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of over ten million, making it a megacity and the third most populous city and fifth most populous urban agglomeration in India. It is located in southern India on the Deccan Plateau at an elevation of over 900 m (3,000 ft) above sea level, which is the highest among India's major cities. It reflects its multireligious and cosmopolitan character by its more than 1000 temples, 400 mosques, 100 churches, 40 Jain derasars, three Sikh gurdwaras, two Buddhist viharas and one Parsi fire temple located in an area of 741 km² of the metropolis. The religious places are further represented to include the few members of the Jewish community who are making their presence known through the Chabad that they propose to establish in Bengaluru and the fairly large number of Bahá'ís whose presence is registered with a society called the Bahá'í Centre. In 1537 CE, Kempé Gowdā – a feudal ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire – established a mud fort considered to be the foundation of modern Bengaluru and its oldest areasOr Petes which exist to the present day. After the fall of Vijayanagar empire in 16th Century, the Mughals sold Bangalore to Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704), the then ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore for three lakh rupees. When Haider Ali seized control of the Kingdom of Mysore, the administration of Bangalore passed into his hands. It was captured by the British East India Company after victory in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1799), who returned administrative control of the city to the Maharaja of Mysore. The old city developed in the dominions of the Maharaja of Mysore and was made capital of the Princely State of Mysore, which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj. In 1809, the British shifted their cantonment to Bangalore, outside the old city, and a town grew up around it, which was governed as part of British I[cell cut: 3530 characters, first 2000 kept]

Branstad, Wisconsin
comment: Branstad is an unincorporated community in the town of Grantsburg, Burnett County, Wisconsin, United States.

Bethnal Green
comment: Bethnal Green is a large district in the East End of London and is 3.3 miles (5.3 km) northeast of Charing Cross. Bethnal Green forms the north-west part of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and extends from the City fringe to Victoria Park with the south eastern side referred to as Globe Town, with Bethnal Green Road serving as the district centre. The area emerged from the hamlet which developed around the Green, much of which survives today as Bethnal Green Gardens.
abstract: Bethnal Green is a large district in the East End of London and is 3.3 miles (5.3 km) northeast of Charing Cross. Bethnal Green forms the north-west part of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and extends from the City fringe to Victoria Park with the south eastern side referred to as Globe Town, with Bethnal Green Road serving as the district centre. The area emerged from the hamlet which developed around the Green, much of which survives today as Bethnal Green Gardens. The hamlet was part of ancient parish of Stepney, Middlesex, but adopted its definition as a wider district when, following population increases caused by the expansion of London in the 18th century, it was split off from Stepney as the parish of Bethnal Green in 1743. It became part of the Metropolis in 1855 and the County of London in 1889. The parish became the Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green in 1900. The economic history of Bethnal Green is characterised by a shift away from agricultural provision for the City of London to market gardening, weaving and light industry, which has now all but disappeared. The quality of the built environment had deteriorated by the turn of the 20th century and was radically altered by aerial bombardment in the Second World War and the subsequent social housing developments. In 1943, 173 people were killed at a single incident at Bethnal Green Underground station and in 2005 the area along with neighbouring Haggerston suffered a terrorist attack on a London Buses route 26 bus in the 21 July 2005 London bombings on Hackney Road. Bethnal Green has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

Canary Islands in pre-colonial times
abstract: The Canary Islands have been known since antiquity. Until the Spanish colonization between 1402 and 1496, the Canaries were populated by an indigenous population, whose origin is still the subject of discussion among historians and linguists. The islands were visited by the Phoenicians, the Greeks and the Carthaginians. According to the 1st century CE Roman author and philosopher Pliny the Elder, the archipelago was found to be uninhabited when visited by the Carthaginians under Hanno the Navigator in 5th century BCE, but ruins of great buildings were seen. This story may suggest that the islands were inhabited by other peoples prior to the Guanches. At the time of medieval European engagement, the Canary Islands were inhabited by a variety of indigenous communities. The pre-colonial population of the Canaries is generically referred to as Guanches, although, strictly speaking, Guanches were originally the inhabitants of Tenerife. According to the chronicles, the inhabitants of Fuerteventura and Lanzarote were referred to as Maxos, Gran Canaria was inhabited by the Canarii, El Hierro by the Bimbaches, La Palma by the Auaritas and La Gomera by the Gomeros. Evidence does seem to suggest that inter-insular interaction was relatively low and each island was populated by its own distinct socio-cultural groups who lived in relative isolation separated from each other.
comment: The Canary Islands have been known since antiquity. Until the Spanish colonization between 1402 and 1496, the Canaries were populated by an indigenous population, whose origin is still the subject of discussion among historians and linguists.

Characteristics of dyslexia
comment: Dyslexia is a disorder characterized by problems with the visual notation of speech, which in most languages of European origin are problems with alphabet writing systems which have a phonetic construction. Examples of these issues can be problems speaking in full sentences, problems correctly articulating Rs and Ls as well as Ms and Ns, mixing up sounds in multi-syllabic words (ex: aminal for animal, spahgetti for spaghetti, heilcopter for helicopter, hangaberg for hamburger, ageen for magazine, etc.), problems of immature speech "wed and gween" instead of "red and green".
abstract: Dyslexia is a disorder characterized by problems with the visual notation of speech, which in most languages of European origin are problems with alphabet writing systems which have a phonetic construction. Examples of these issues can be problems speaking in full sentences, problems correctly articulating Rs and Ls as well as Ms and Ns, mixing up sounds in multi-syllabic words (ex: aminal for animal, spahgetti for spaghetti, heilcopter for helicopter, hangaberg for hamburger, ageen for magazine, etc.), problems of immature speech "wed and gween" instead of "red and green". The characteristics of dyslexia have been identified mainly from research in languages with alphabetic writing systems, primarily English. However, many of these characteristic may be transferable to other types of writing systems. The causes of dyslexia are not agreed upon, although the consensus of neuroscientists believe dyslexia is a phonological processing disorder and that dyslexics have reading difficulties because they are unable to see or hear a word, break it down to discrete sounds, and then associate each sound with letter/s that make up the word. Some researchers believe that a subset of dyslexics have visual deficits in addition to deficits in phoneme processing, but this view is not universally accepted. In any case, there is evidence that dyslexics literally "see" letters backward or in reverse order within words.

Help, Help, the Globolinks!
comment: Help, Help, the Globolinks! is an opera in four scenes by Gian Carlo Menotti with an original English libretto by the composer. It was commissioned by the Hamburg State Opera and first performed as Hilfe, Hilfe, die Globolinks! in a German translation by on December 21, 1968 in a double bill with Menotti's Amahl and the Night Visitors. The opera had its English language premiere on August 1, 1969 in the United States at the Santa Fe Opera in a double bill with Igor Stravinsky's The Nightingale. Both premiere productions were directed by the composer. Many of the cast members from the Santa Fe production reprised their roles for the work's New York debut at the New York City Opera in December 1969.

Attica, Wisconsin
comment: Attica is an unincorporated community located in the town of Brooklyn, Green County, Wisconsin, United States. Attica is located at the junction of County Highways C and X 5 miles (8.0 km) north-northwest of Albany.

Helium atom
abstract: A helium atom is an atom of the chemical element helium. Helium is composed of two electrons bound by the electromagnetic force to a nucleus containing two protons along with either one or two neutrons, depending on the isotope, held together by the strong force. Unlike for hydrogen, a closed-form solution to the Schrödinger equation for the helium atom has not been found. However, various approximations, such as the Hartree–Fock method, can be used to estimate the ground state energy and wavefunction of the atom.

Saraya
comment: Saraya was an American hard rock band, based in New Jersey and featuring singer Sandi Saraya, guitarist Tony "Bruno" Rey, keyboardist Gregg Munier, bassist Gary Taylor, and drummer Chuck Bonfante. The band is best known for their 1989 song "Love Has Taken Its Toll".

Lakes on Mars
abstract: In summer 1965, the first close-up images from Mars showed a cratered desert with no signs of water. However, over the decades, as more parts of the planet were imaged with better cameras on more sophisticated satellites, Mars showed evidence of past river valleys, lakes, and present ice in glaciers and in the ground. It was discovered that the climate of Mars displays huge changes over geologic time because its axis is not stabilized by a large moon, as Earth's is. Also, some researchers maintain that surface liquid water could have existed for periods of time due to geothermal effects or asteroid impacts. This article describes some of the places that could have held large lakes.

Porcine circovirus
comment: Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a group of single-stranded DNA viruses (class II), that is nonenveloped with an unsegmented circular genome. The viral capsid is icosahedral and approximately 17 nm in diameter. PCV is a member of the virus family Circoviridae. PCVs are the smallest viruses replicating autonomously in eukaryotic cells. They replicate in the nucleus of infected cells, using the host polymerase for genome amplification. There are 2 strains: type 1 and type 2. Porcine circovirus associated disease is caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2).
abstract: Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a group of single-stranded DNA viruses (class II), that is nonenveloped with an unsegmented circular genome. The viral capsid is icosahedral and approximately 17 nm in diameter. PCV is a member of the virus family Circoviridae. PCVs are the smallest viruses replicating autonomously in eukaryotic cells. They replicate in the nucleus of infected cells, using the host polymerase for genome amplification. There are 2 strains: type 1 and type 2. Porcine circovirus associated disease is caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). PCV-1 (first identified in 1974) readily infects, but is not known to cause disease in swine; the type 2 has caused problems in recent years with the increasing occurrence of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which over time results in significant depletion of lymphocytes; postmortem examination of diseased animals reveals enlarged lymph nodes and abnormal lung tissue. PCV-2 (first isolated in 1997) causes PMWS. However, viral infection by itself tends to cause only mild disease, and co-factors such as other infections or immunostimulation seem necessary for development of severe disease. For example, concurrent infection with porcine parvovirus or PRRS virus, or immunostimulation lead to increased replication of PCV-2 and more severe disease in PCV-2-infected pigs. PCV-1 and PCV-2 show a high degree of sequence identity and a similar genomic organisation; nevertheless, the basis of the distinct pathogenicity has not yet been unravelled. An effective vaccination is now available. Fort Dodge Animal Health (Wyeth) launched the first USDA approved vaccine in 2006, containing an inactivated virus (ATCvet code: QI09AA07 (WHO)).

Overhand throwing motion
comment: The overhand (or overhead) throwing motion is a single-handed throw of a projectile where the object is thrown above the shoulder. The overhand throw is a complex motor skill that involves the entire body in a series of linked movements starting from the legs, progressing up through the pelvis and trunk, and culminating in a ballistic motion in the arm that propels a projectile forward. It is used almost exclusively in athletic events. The throwing motion can be broken down into three basic steps: cocking, accelerating, and releasing.
abstract: The overhand (or overhead) throwing motion is a single-handed throw of a projectile where the object is thrown above the shoulder. The overhand throw is a complex motor skill that involves the entire body in a series of linked movements starting from the legs, progressing up through the pelvis and trunk, and culminating in a ballistic motion in the arm that propels a projectile forward. It is used almost exclusively in athletic events. The throwing motion can be broken down into three basic steps: cocking, accelerating, and releasing. Desired qualities in the action produce a fast, accurate throw. These qualities are affected by the physical attributes of the thrower like height, strength, and flexibility. However it is mainly the throwing motion mechanics and the thrower's ability to coordinate them that determines the quality of the throw. Determining the desired qualities of the throwing motion is difficult to assess due to the extremely short amount of time that it takes professionals to perform the motion.

1991–92 Iraq FA Cup
abstract: The 1991–92 Iraq FA Cup was the 15th edition of the Iraq FA Cup. The tournament was won by Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya for the second time in their history, beating Al-Tayaran (now known as Al-Khutoot) 2–1 in the final.

Daniel M. Hausman
abstract: Daniel M. Hausman (born March 27, 1947 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American philosopher. His research has focussed primarily on methodological, metaphysical, and ethical issues at the boundaries between economics and philosophy. He is currently Herbert A. Simon Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

List of invasive species in the Everglades
abstract: Invasive species in the Everglades are exotic plants and animals that are not native to the area and have aggressively adapted to conditions in wilderness areas in southern Florida. The Everglades are a massive watershed in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Florida that drains overflow from the vast shallow Lake Okeechobee that is in turn fed by the Kissimmee River. The overflow forms a very shallow river about 60 miles (97 km) wide and 100 miles (160 km) long that travels about half a mile per day. The network of ecosystems created by the Everglades are surrounded by urban areas to the east in the South Florida metropolitan area, to the west by Naples and Fort Myers, and to the south by Florida Bay, a marine environment that receives fresh water from and is maintained by the Everglades. As it is surrounded on three sides and close to a major transportation and shipping center, it is particularly vulnerable to the importation of exotic species. In the 20th century, Florida experienced a population surge unparalleled in the U.S., accompanied by rapid urban expansion made possible by draining portions of the Everglades. Flood control became a priority and the Central & South Florida Flood Control Project, from 1947 to 1971, constructed over 1,400 miles (2,300 km) of canals and flood control structures in South Florida. The widespread building created new habitats and disturbed established plant and animal communities. Many of the new residents or tourists in Florida were responsible for introducing plant species to the area by accident, or deliberately to improve landscaping. Many animals have been introduced similarly, and have either escaped or been released to proliferate on their own. Several terms are used to identify non-native species: exotic, invader, immigrant, colonist, introduced, nonindigenous, and naturalized. "Naturalized" usually refers to species that have adapted to a region over a long period of time, while "invasive" refers to particularly d[cell cut: 3286 characters, first 2000 kept]
comment: Invasive species in the Everglades are exotic plants and animals that are not native to the area and have aggressively adapted to conditions in wilderness areas in southern Florida. The Everglades are a massive watershed in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Florida that drains overflow from the vast shallow Lake Okeechobee that is in turn fed by the Kissimmee River. The overflow forms a very shallow river about 60 miles (97 km) wide and 100 miles (160 km) long that travels about half a mile per day. The network of ecosystems created by the Everglades are surrounded by urban areas to the east in the South Florida metropolitan area, to the west by Naples and Fort Myers, and to the south by Florida Bay, a marine environment that receives fresh water from and is maintained by the Everg

Sourav Pal
comment: Sourav Pal is one of the pioneers in the area of quantum chemistry. Pal is director of National Chemical Laboratory, and adjunct professor at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, both in Pune.Now he is director of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata since 2017.He is one of the leaders in the response properties using coupled cluster based methods. His major scientific accomplishments include rigorous development of expectation value as well as extended coupled-cluster functional retaining size-extensivity of analytic properties, pioneering development of the response properties to multi-reference coupled cluster (MRCC) theory, important applications of the theory to spectra, study of the effect of electron correlation and role of exchange effects o
abstract: Sourav Pal is one of the pioneers in the area of quantum chemistry. Pal is director of National Chemical Laboratory, and adjunct professor at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, both in Pune.Now he is director of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata since 2017.He is one of the leaders in the response properties using coupled cluster based methods. His major scientific accomplishments include rigorous development of expectation value as well as extended coupled-cluster functional retaining size-extensivity of analytic properties, pioneering development of the response properties to multi-reference coupled cluster (MRCC) theory, important applications of the theory to spectra, study of the effect of electron correlation and role of exchange effects on the low energy electron molecule scattering, introduction of complex scaling and complex absorbing potential in MRCC theory to calculate electron-atom and electron-molecule resonances accurately. He has developed a non-iterative approximation to coupled-perturbed Kohn-Sham density functional theoretic equations for calculation of non-linear properties, which is implemented in the developers’ version of deMon code. Dr. Sourav Pal has also made significant contributions in the area of reactivity descriptors highlighting the conditions of validity of the principle of maximum hardness, deriving qualitative relation of hardness with polarizability, establishing Hirshfeld population in calculation of condensed Fukui functions and developing local hard-soft-acid-base principle for molecular recognition. Further, among his major scientific contributions is study of anti-aromaticity in metal clusters using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) study of structure, electron localisation function and magnetic ring currents. He has addressed the incorporation of Sn-into Beta Zeolites theoretically using AIMD and is actively engaged in computational study of hydrogen storage properties of materi[cell cut: 2004 characters, first 2000 kept]

Ali ibn Isa al-Kahhal
abstract: ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā al-Kahhal (fl. 1010 AD), surnamed "the oculist" (al-kahhal) was the best known and most celebrated Arab ophthalmologist of medieval islam. He was known in medieval Europe as Jesu Occulist. He was the author of the influential Memorandum of the Oculists, where for the first time in the literature a surgical anaesthetic is prescribed. He wrote the landmark textbook on ophthalmology in medieval Islam, Notebook of the Oculists, for which he was known in medieval Europe as Jesu Occulist, with "Jesu" being a Latin translation of "Isa", the Arabic name for Jesus. Ibn 'Isa is considered one of the most famous physicians of the tenth century. His famous Notebook of the Oculists combined information obtained from both Greco-Roman and Arab sources. The book encompassed information on treatment and classification of over one hundred different eye diseases. In the book, eye diseases were sorted by their anatomical location. The Notebook of the Oculists was widely used by European physicians for hundreds of years. Ibn Isa’s book was one of the first, along with Hunayn ibn Ishaq’s Ten Treatises on the Eye, to illustrate anatomy of the eye. Specifically, Ibn Isa illustrated the optic chiasm and brain. Ibn Isa was the first to describe and suggest treatment for an array of diseases. For example, he was the first to discover the symptoms of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH) - ocular inflammation associated with a distinct whitening of the hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes. Ibn Isa was also the first to classify epiphora as being a result of overzealous cautery of pterygium. In addition to this pioneering description, Ibn Isa also suggested treatments for epiphora based on the stage of the disease – namely treatment in the early stages with astringent materials, for example ammonia salt, burned copper, or lid past and a hook dissection with a feathered quill for chronic stages of epiphora. Ibn Isa is also thought to be the first to describe temporal arteritis, although Sir[cell cut: 2067 characters, first 2000 kept]
comment: ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā al-Kahhal (fl. 1010 AD), surnamed "the oculist" (al-kahhal) was the best known and most celebrated Arab ophthalmologist of medieval islam. He was known in medieval Europe as Jesu Occulist. He was the author of the influential Memorandum of the Oculists, where for the first time in the literature a surgical anaesthetic is prescribed. He wrote the landmark textbook on ophthalmology in medieval Islam, Notebook of the Oculists, for which he was known in medieval Europe as Jesu Occulist, with "Jesu" being a Latin translation of "Isa", the Arabic name for Jesus.

Cissampelos
comment: Cissampelos is a genus of flowering plants in the family Menispermaceae. Various species of this genus have a rich history of traditional use in the treatment of asthma, cough, fever, arthritis, obesity, dysentery, snakebite, jaundice and heart problems, blood pressure and skin-related problems. Moreover, many of these plants were traditionally used as curare applied as arrow poison during hunting.
abstract: Cissampelos is a genus of flowering plants in the family Menispermaceae. Various species of this genus have a rich history of traditional use in the treatment of asthma, cough, fever, arthritis, obesity, dysentery, snakebite, jaundice and heart problems, blood pressure and skin-related problems. Moreover, many of these plants were traditionally used as curare applied as arrow poison during hunting. Cissampelos pareira is used in Chinese herbology, where it is called xí shēng téng (锡生藤) or (亞乎奴). The species is also known as abuta and is also called laghu patha in Ayurvedic medicine. An ethanol extract of has been shown to have antidepressant-like effects in mice and rats.The Maasai people of Kenya use as a forage for their cattle, and the roots of it have been used to treat malaria and it has been reported to be used for relief of abdominal and rheumatic pains, as a febrifuge, as diuretic, for prevention of abortions, and against gonorrhea, leprosy, stomach pains, and whooping cough. A Tanzanian study showed that it does, in fact, have some antimalarial properties; the same article says that Cissampelos pareira is used in Madagascar as an antimalarial as well.

Pyranoflavonoid
comment: The pyranoflavonoids are a type of flavonoids possessing a pyran group. is another natural pyranoflavonoid.

Discovery and development of statins
comment: The discovery of HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA) reductase inhibitors, called statins, was a breakthrough in the prevention of hypercholesterolemia and related diseases. Hypercholesterolemia is considered to be one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis which often leads to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular diseases. The statins inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the body and that leads to reduction in blood cholesterol levels, which is thought to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and diseases caused by it.

Brighton (community), Kenosha County, Wisconsin
comment: Brighton is an unincorporated community located in the town of Brighton, Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States. Brighton is 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north of Paddock Lake.

Swansea Enterprise Park
abstract: The Swansea Enterprise Park (Welsh: Parc Anturiaeth Abertawe) is a combined business park, retail park and industrial estate in Swansea, Wales. In 1981 it became the first enterprise zone in the United Kingdom, and the largest. Originally it was named the Swansea Enterprise Zone. The designated area covers parts of the Llansamlet and Morriston wards in the Lower Swansea valley, Wales. The Enterprise Park is the largest commercial district and the largest out-of-town shopping district of Swansea. Major employers at the site include Morganite, Alberto-Culver, Viskase, The Land Registry and Welsh Water. The Swansea Enterprise Park is bounded by the A4067 and the A4217 roads to the west and east; and the South Wales Main Line to the southeast. It includes the industrial estate just east of the A4217; and the area just north of the A48 (Samlet Road) to the east and west of Upper Forest Way. The whole area comprises 735 acres (2.97 km2) of land. For many years this was a post-industrial wasteland until regeneration in the 1980s. The regeneration has attracted many light industries, offices and in particular retail outlets to Swansea. The Morfa Shopping Park is located adjacent to the enterprise park to the south in Landore and the Swansea Vale regeneration area is located just to the north. The retail park of the Swansea Enterprise Park was largely unplanned and followed the relaxation of planning controls and local taxes following the area's designation as an enterprise zone. In 1996 a number of local retailers attempted to rebrand the area as the "Swansea Lakeside Shopping Park".
comment: The Swansea Enterprise Park (Welsh: Parc Anturiaeth Abertawe) is a combined business park, retail park and industrial estate in Swansea, Wales. In 1981 it became the first enterprise zone in the United Kingdom, and the largest. Originally it was named the Swansea Enterprise Zone. The designated area covers parts of the Llansamlet and Morriston wards in the Lower Swansea valley, Wales. The Enterprise Park is the largest commercial district and the largest out-of-town shopping district of Swansea. Major employers at the site include Morganite, Alberto-Culver, Viskase, The Land Registry and Welsh Water.

Dickson polynomial
abstract: In mathematics, the Dickson polynomials, denoted Dn(x,α), form a polynomial sequence introduced by L. E. Dickson (). They were rediscovered by in his study of Brewer sums and have at times, although rarely, been referred to as Brewer polynomials. Over the complex numbers, Dickson polynomials are essentially equivalent to Chebyshev polynomials with a change of variable, and, in fact, Dickson polynomials are sometimes called Chebyshev polynomials. Dickson polynomials are generally studied over finite fields, where they sometimes may not be equivalent to Chebyshev polynomials. One of the main reasons for interest in them is that for fixed α, they give many examples of permutation polynomials; polynomials acting as permutations of finite fields.
comment: In mathematics, the Dickson polynomials, denoted Dn(x,α), form a polynomial sequence introduced by L. E. Dickson (). They were rediscovered by in his study of Brewer sums and have at times, although rarely, been referred to as Brewer polynomials. Over the complex numbers, Dickson polynomials are essentially equivalent to Chebyshev polynomials with a change of variable, and, in fact, Dickson polynomials are sometimes called Chebyshev polynomials.

Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy
abstract: Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT), also known as bioidentical hormone therapy or natural hormone therapy, is the use of hormones that are identical on a molecular level with endogenous hormones in hormone replacement therapy. It may also be combined with blood and saliva testing of hormone levels, and the use of pharmacy compounding to obtain hormones in an effort to reach a targeted level of hormones in the body. A number of claims by some proponents of bioidentical hormone replacement therapy have not been definitively established through scientific testing. Specific hormones used in BHT include estrone, estradiol, progesterone (which are available both in FDA-approved manufactured products and as pharmacy-compounded products), testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (both testosterone and DHEA have some stringent limits placed on their availability and approval in Canada and the United States), and estriol (which is available in Europe but is not approved in Canada and the United States). Custom-compounded BHT is a practice almost wholly restricted to the United States. Compounded BHT is a form of alternative medicine. It has been promoted as a panacea for many diseases and for relieving the symptoms of menopause, beyond the medical objective of reducing the risk of osteoporosis. There is little evidence to support these incremental claims; the hormones are expected to have the same risks and benefits of comparable approved drugs for which there is evidence based on extensive research and regulation. The exception is progesterone, which may have an improved safety profile than artificial progestogens, though direct comparisons with progestins have not been made. Risks associated with the less-controlled process of compounding bioidentical hormones are not clearly understood. In addition, the accuracy and efficacy of saliva testing has not been definitively proven, and the long-term effects of using blood testing to reach target levels of hormone[cell cut: 3530 characters, first 2000 kept]
comment: Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT), also known as bioidentical hormone therapy or natural hormone therapy, is the use of hormones that are identical on a molecular level with endogenous hormones in hormone replacement therapy. It may also be combined with blood and saliva testing of hormone levels, and the use of pharmacy compounding to obtain hormones in an effort to reach a targeted level of hormones in the body. A number of claims by some proponents of bioidentical hormone replacement therapy have not been definitively established through scientific testing. Specific hormones used in BHT include estrone, estradiol, progesterone (which are available both in FDA-approved manufactured products and as pharmacy-compounded products), testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (b

Grand Duchy of Lithuania
comment: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania or Lithuanian-Ruthenian state was a European state that lasted from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and Austria. The state was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija.
abstract: The Grand Duchy of Lithuania or Lithuanian-Ruthenian state was a European state that lasted from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia and Austria. The state was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija. The Grand Duchy expanded to include large portions of the former Kievan Rus' and other Slavic lands, including what is now Belarus and parts of Ukraine, Poland and Russia. At its greatest extent, in the 15th century, it was the largest state in Europe. It was a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional state, with great diversity in languages, religion and cultural heritage. Consolidation of the Lithuanian lands began in the late 12th century. Mindaugas, the first ruler of the Grand Duchy, was crowned as Catholic King of Lithuania in 1253. The pagan state was targeted in the religious crusade by the Teutonic Knights and the Livonian Order. The multi-ethnic and multi-confessional state emerged only at the late reign of Gediminas and continued to expand under his son Algirdas. Algirdas's successor Jogaila signed the Union of Krewo in 1386, bringing two major changes in the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: conversion to Catholicism and establishment of a dynastic union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. The reign of Vytautas the Great marked both the greatest territorial expansion of the Grand Duchy and the defeat of the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of Grunwald in 1410. It also marked the rise of the Lithuanian nobility. After Vytautas's death, Lithuania's relationship with the Kingdom of Poland greatly deteriorated. Lithuanian noblemen, including the Radvila family (Radziwiłłs), attempted to break the personal union with Poland. However, unsuccessful wars with the Grand Duchy of Moscow forced the union to remain intact. Eventually, the Union of Lublin of 1569 created a new state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwea[cell cut: 2832 characters, first 2000 kept]

Assassin's Creed III: Liberation
abstract: Assassin's Creed III: Liberation is a 2012 action-adventure video game developed and published by Ubisoft, initially as an exclusive title for PlayStation Vita. Sony announced the game at its press conference during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012, few days after first leaks about the game presented in Game Informer. It was released on October 30, 2012 alongside Assassin's Creed III, with which it can be linked. The game was re-released as Assassin's Creed: Liberation HD for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows via the PlayStation Network, Xbox Live Arcade and Steam, respectively. It was later packed as part of "Assassin's Creed The Americas Collection" for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, along with Assassin's Creed III and Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag. In March 2019, the game was re-released as a part of Assassin's Creed III Remastered for Xbox One, PlayStation 4, and Microsoft Windows, as well as for the Nintendo Switch in May 2019. New features include 4K HDR/enhanced visuals, an entirely new graphics engine using physics-based lighting, brand new character models, heavily revamped game mechanics and more. The plot is set in a fictional history of real world events and follows the centuries-old struggle between the Assassins, who fight for peace with free will, and the Templars, who desire peace through control. The game is set between 1765 and 1777, and primarily features the series' first female protagonist, Aveline de Grandpré, an African-French Assassin around the end of the French and Indian War, in 18th century New Orleans.

Vincent van Gogh
abstract: Vincent Willem van Gogh (Dutch: [ˈvɪnsɛnt ˈʋɪləm vɑŋ ˈɣɔx] (); 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In just over a decade he created about 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of them in the last two years of his life. They include landscapes, still lifes, portraits and self-portraits, and are characterised by bold colours and dramatic, impulsive and expressive brushwork that contributed to the foundations of modern art. However, he was not commercially successful, and his suicide at 37 followed years of mental illness and poverty. Born into an upper-middle-class family, Van Gogh drew as a child and was serious, quiet and thoughtful. As a young man he worked as an art dealer, often travelling, but became depressed after he was transferred to London. He turned to religion and spent time as a Protestant missionary in southern Belgium. He drifted in ill health and solitude before taking up painting in 1881, having moved back home with his parents. His younger brother Theo supported him financially, and the two kept up a long correspondence by letter. His early works, mostly still lifes and depictions of peasant labourers, contain few signs of the vivid colour that distinguished his later work. In 1886, he moved to Paris, where he met members of the avant-garde, including Émile Bernard and Paul Gauguin, who were reacting against the Impressionist sensibility. As his work developed he created a new approach to still lifes and local landscapes. His paintings grew brighter in colour as he developed a style that became fully realised during his stay in Arles in the south of France in 1888. During this period he broadened his subject matter to include series of olive trees, wheat fields and sunflowers. Van Gogh suffered from psychotic episodes and delusions and though he worried about his mental stability, he often neglected his physical hea[cell cut: 3445 characters, first 2000 kept]