Behaviorism (or behaviourism) is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and other animals. It assumes that behavior is either a reflex evoked by the pairing of certain antecedent stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment contingencies, together with the individual's current motivational state and controlling stimuli. Although behaviorists generally accept the important role of heredity in determining behavior, they focus primarily on environmental events. Behaviorism also refers to a psychological approach that is developed through a scientific and objective method. These approaches demonstrated observable stimulus response behaviors and corresponds with behaviors that are learned by interaction with the environment. The new behavior that we learn is in the environmental settings are classical or operant conditioning which is known as "learning theory." Learning Theory shows the change in behavior when a stimulus is provided and the person learner reacts to the stimulus with some kind of response. It combines elements of philosophy, methodology, and theory. Behaviorism emerged in the early 1900s as a reaction to depth psychology and other traditional forms of psychology, which often had difficulty making predictions that could be tested experimentally, but derived from earlier research in the late nineteenth century, such as when Edward Thorndike pioneered the law of effect, a procedure that involved the use of consequences to strengthen or weaken behavior. Edward Thorndike worked on comparative psychology and this lead to the Theory of Connectionism. With these findings Edward Thorndike was able to establish the foundation for educational psychology. This allowed the "Law of Effect" to become an influence in the classrooms. What the "Law of Effect" represents a situation that will lead to a positive outcome which strengthens the response. The Effect also works in opposite situation that change the response to a non satisfying response. The link between the response and situation the outcome is weakened. During the first half of the twentieth century, John B. Watson who received his Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Chicago in 1903, devised methodological behaviorism, which rejected introspective methods and sought to understand behavior by only measuring observable behaviors and events. John B. Watson completed experimental studies of the relationship between environmental events and human behaviors during the 1920's-1930's. It was not until the 1930s that B. F. Skinner suggested that covert behavior—including cognition and emotions—subjects to the same controlling variables as observable behavior, which became the basis for his philosophy called radical behaviorism. While Watson and Ivan Pavlov investigated how (conditioned) neutral stimuli elicit reflexes in respondent conditioning, Skinner assessed the reinforcement histories of the discriminative (antecedent) stimuli that emits behavior; the technique became known as operant conditioning. The application of radical behaviorism—known as applied behavior analysis—is used in a variety of contexts, including, for example, applied animal behavior and organizational behavior management, to the treatment of mental disorders, such as autism and substance abuse. In addition, while behaviorism and cognitive schools of psychological thought not agree theoretically, they have complemented each other in the cognitive-behavior therapies, which have demonstrated utility in treating certain pathologies, such as simple phobias, PTSD, and mood disorders. These types of behaviors are related to the original term "Behavior Modification," which is known as behavioral patterns used as learning techniques. It modifies behaviors with postive and negative consequences.

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Baap Ji is an upcoming 2020 Indian Bhojpuri-language action drama film directed by Dev Pandey and produced by Prem Sagar under his production house "Sagar Film Entertainment". And stars Khesari Lal Yadav in the lead role and Ritu Singh in opposite role. While Manoj Singh Tiger, CP Bhatt, Brijesh Tripathi, Saheb Lal Dhari, Abhay Rai, Prakash Jais, Sanjay Verma Ritu Pandey and others in supporting roles. Kajal Raghwani make a special appearance in a song.

The Pulitzer Prize for Drama is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. (No Drama prize was given, however, so that one was inaugurated in 1918, in a sense.) It recognizes a theatrical work staged in the U.S. during the preceding calendar year.

Philip Alfred Mickelson (born June 16, 1970), nicknamed Lefty, is an American professional golfer. He has won 44 events on the PGA Tour, including five major championships: three Masters titles (2004, 2006, 2010), a PGA Championship (2005), and an Open Championship (2013). Mickelson is one of 12 players in the history of golf to win three of the four majors. He has won every major except the U.S. Open, where he has finished runner-up a record six times. Mickelson has spent over 25 consecutive years in the top 50 of the Official World Golf Ranking. He has spent over 700 weeks in the top-10, has reached a career-high world ranking of No. 2 several times and is a life member of the PGA Tour. Known for his left-handed swing, even though otherwise right-handed, he learned by mirroring his right-handed father's swing. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2012.

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Persecution is an aimed "hostility, combined with ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs." Such hostility and ill-treatment can vary in degree and type from social persecution such as preventing employment, exclusion from participation in communal activities, blocking a person's promotion, or repressing how much and whether a person gets paid for their work to more serious forms of institutionalized persecution. This can also take many forms from withholding building permits for building, repairing or protecting sacred places, to the denial of legal rights, interference with an inheritance, unequal representation in the courts, false arrest, criminalization and defamation, and even violence against individuals and groups through assault, maiming, torture and death. Tolerance, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is an "indulgence (benevolent forgiveness and allowance) for beliefs or practices differing from or conflicting with one's own." Tolerance is essentially modern and is not generally found before the Enlightenment period. Indeed, even the history of the study of tolerance doesn't go further back than the 18th century. Classen says, tolerance has, historically, never been an attitude broadly espoused by an entire society, not even in western societies. "In fact, in the best of all cases throughout history, only a few outstanding individuals have truly fought for tolerance." However, there is some evidence of similar ideals in earlier thought. Gervers and Powell speak of tolerance and intolerance as having a "pre-history" through these early ideals. Both these concepts inherently contain the idea of alterity, the state of otherness. In some instances in history, therefore, tolerance would have been seen as ‘a flawed virtue’ because it concerns acceptance of things it was believed were better overcome. The concept of tolerance assumes the existence of a disagreement over something considered important. “The fact that ‘tolerance is not by definition good, and intolerance is not by definition bad,’ further complicates our understanding of tolerance.” Murphy explains that "We can improve our understanding by defining "toleration" as a set of social or political practices and "tolerance" as a set of attitudes." While it is not possible to give a thorough view, a historical overview of the inclusivity and exclusivity which are both inherent to Christian thought including views on religious persecution, the other, heresy, heterogeneity, hospitality, forced conversion, supersessionism, deicide, and other related topics, gives an indication of some of the Christian thinking that led to the development of concepts of tolerance and practices of persecution. For example, Christian theologians like Augustine of Hippo and Thomas Aquinas legitimized religious persecution to various extents, while it was also Augustine's teachings that advocated toleration of the Jews in Europe up to the 1200s. During Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, Christians considered heresy and dissent to be punishable offenses. However, Early modern Europe witnessed the turning point in the history of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance. Christian writers like John Milton and John Locke argued for limited religious toleration, while others developed the concept of religious freedom which was further politically developed by deists like Thomas Jefferson. Tolerance is no longer reserved for religious differences only but "is applied to diverging political orientations, ethnic and racial diversity, gender issues and matters such as homosexuality, euthanasia and abortion. The common denominator remains, that tolerance comes into play when beliefs are controversial and intergroup relations conflictual." Contemporary Christians generally agree that tolerance is preferable to conflict, and that heresy and dissent are not deserving of punishment.

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Srikanth (born 23 March 1968) is an Indian film actor, who is known for works predominantly in Telugu cinema. He has received two state Nandi Awards, and one Filmfare Award South. He has starred in films like Swarabhishekam, which won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for 2004, and Virodhi, premiered in Indian panorama section, at the 2011 International Film Festival of India. Sri Rama Rajyam also had a special screening at International Film Festival of India on 28 November 2011. Srikanth collaborated with film directors like S.V. Krishna Reddy, Krishna Vamsi, Jayanth C. Paranjee, G. Neelakanta Reddy, EVV Satyanarayana and K. Viswanath to give hits like Varasudu, Vinodam, Egire Paavurama, Aahvaanam, Maa Nannaki Pelli, Khadgam, Shankar Dada M.B.B.S., Pellam Oorelithe, Yemandoi Srivaru, Kshemamga Velli Labamgarandi, Oh Chinadana, Shankar Dada Zindabad, The villain, Mahatma, and Govindudu Andarivadele.

LX Xander (born Alexander William Larkman on May 23rd, 1990) is a music producer and remixer from the UK. He is also the CEO and founder of Ghostcraft Music. Xander has produced tracks featuring artists such as Royce da 5'9", Angela Mazzanti and Future, as well as remixing Alien Ant Farm for Cleopatra Records. He also created the Spooker VST, a music software that helps others to emulate his signature sound. Released in May 2018, LX also contributed to the project The Whoodlum Ball, a Billboard-charting, multi-artist, producer-driven album by Mike Smith and Jonathan Hay, with DJ Whoo Kid.

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U.S. Route 6 (US 6) within the state of Connecticut runs for 116.33 miles (187.21 km) from the New York state line near Danbury to the Rhode Island state line in Killingly. West of Hartford, the route either closely parallels or runs along Interstate 84 (I-84), which has largely supplanted US 6 as a through route in western Connecticut. East of Hartford, US 6 serves as a primary route for travel between Hartford and Providence.

Rairangpur () is a city and a Tehsil of Mayurbhanj district in the state of Odisha, India. It is based at about 287 Kilometres from the state capital Bhubaneswar and 82 kilometres from the district headquarters of Baripada and about 73 kilometres from Jamshedpur.The Kharkhai (Suleipat) Dam and the Simlipal Tiger Reserve are the nearby local attraction at the approachable distance, attracting many foreign tourists here.This is a notable mining area of Odisha, comprises iron-ores from Gorumahisani, Badampahar, Suleipat mines. The city is the headquarters of Bamanghati Subdivision. It is Mayurbhanj's second largest city after Baripada.

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The Pulitzer Prize for Drama is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. (No Drama prize was given, however, so that one was inaugurated in 1918, in a sense.) It recognizes a theatrical work staged in the U.S. during the preceding calendar year. Through 2006 the Drama Prize was unlike the majority of the other Pulitzer Prizes: during these years, the eligibility period for the drama prize ran from March 1 to March 2, to reflect the Broadway 'season' rather than the calendar year. The decision was made, however, that the 2007 Prize would consider works staged during an eligibility period of January 1 to December 31, 2006—thus bringing the schedule for the Drama Prize in line with those of the other prizes. The drama jury, which consists of one academic and four critics, attends plays in New York and in regional theaters. The Pulitzer board has the authority to overrule the jury's choice, however, as happened in 1986 when the jury chose the CIVIL warS to receive the prize, but due to the board's opposition no award was given. In 1955 Joseph Pulitzer, Jr. pressured the prize jury into presenting the Prize to Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, which the jury considered the weakest of the five shortlisted nominees ("amateurishly constructed... from the stylistic points of view annoyingly pretentious"), instead of Clifford Odets' The Flowering Peach (their preferred choice) or The Bad Seed, their second choice. Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? was selected for the 1963 Pulitzer Prize for Drama by that award's committee. However, the committee's selection was overruled by the award's advisory board, the trustees of Columbia University, because of the play's then-controversial use of profanity and sexual themes. Had Albee been awarded, he would be tied with Eugene O'Neill for the most Pulitzer Prizes for Drama (four).

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Jack the Giant Slayer (previously titled Jack the Giant Killer) is a 2013 American fantasy adventure film directed and co-produced by Bryan Singer and written by Darren Lemke, Christopher McQuarrie and Dan Studney, from a story by Lemke and David Dobkin. The film, based on the British fairy tales "Jack the Giant Killer" and "Jack and the Beanstalk", stars Nicholas Hoult, Eleanor Tomlinson, Stanley Tucci, Ian McShane, Bill Nighy, and Ewan McGregor. The film tells the story of Jack, a young farmhand who must rescue a princess from a race of giants after inadvertently opening a gateway to their land in the sky.

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Philip Alfred Mickelson (born June 16, 1970), nicknamed Lefty, is an American professional golfer. He has won 44 events on the PGA Tour, including five major championships: three Masters titles (2004, 2006, 2010), a PGA Championship (2005), and an Open Championship (2013). Mickelson is one of 12 players in the history of golf to win three of the four majors. He has won every major except the U.S. Open, where he has finished runner-up a record six times.

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John "The Coach" Traynor (born 1948) is an Irish criminal, who was one of the contacts in the criminal world for murdered Irish journalist Veronica Guerin.

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Srikanth (born 23 March 1968) is an Indian film actor, who is known for works predominantly in Telugu cinema. He has received two state Nandi Awards, and one Filmfare Award South. He has starred in films like Swarabhishekam, which won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for 2004, and Virodhi, premiered in Indian panorama section, at the 2011 International Film Festival of India. Sri Rama Rajyam also had a special screening at International Film Festival of India on 28 November 2011.

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Nicholas Allbrook (born 23 November 1987) is an Australian psychedelic rock musician, singer, songwriter. He is best known as the frontman of Pond, and a member of musical duo Allbrook/Avery. He was a touring member of Tame Impala before leaving the band in 2013.

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Down 'n Dirty is an 2001 American action film directed by and starring Fred Williamson as Dakota Smith. It also stars Bubba Smith, Gary Busey, Tony Lo Bianco, Beverly Johnson, Randy J. Goodwin, David Carradine and Charles Napier.

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Vilathikulam State Assembly constituency (Tamil: விளாத்திகுளம் சட்டமன்றத் தொகுதி) is one of the 234 state legislative assembly constituencies in Tamil Nadu state in southern India. It is also one of the 6 state legislative assembly constituencies included in the Thoothukudi (Lok Sabha constituency). It is one of the oldest assembly segments in Tamil Nadu since Independence. Farming is the major occupation of the constituents and Chilli is their major crop.

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Behaviorism (or behaviourism) is a systematic approach to understanding the behavior of humans and other animals. It assumes that behavior is either a reflex evoked by the pairing of certain antecedent stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment contingencies, together with the individual's current motivational state and controlling stimuli. Although behaviorists generally accept the important role of heredity in determining behavior, they focus primarily on environmental events. Behaviorism also refers to a psychological approach that is developed through a scientific and objective method. These approaches demonstrated observable stimulus response behaviors and corresponds with behaviors that are learned by i

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Persecution is an aimed "hostility, combined with ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs." Such hostility and ill-treatment can vary in degree and type from social persecution such as preventing employment, exclusion from participation in communal activities, blocking a person's promotion, or repressing how much and whether a person gets paid for their work to more serious forms of institutionalized persecution. This can also take many forms from withholding building permits for building, repairing or protecting sacred places, to the denial of legal rights, interference with an inheritance, unequal representation in the courts, false arrest, criminalization and defamation, and even violence against individuals and groups through assault, maiming, tortur

Jack the Giant Slayer (previously titled Jack the Giant Killer) is a 2013 American fantasy adventure film directed and co-produced by Bryan Singer and written by Darren Lemke, Christopher McQuarrie and Dan Studney, from a story by Lemke and David Dobkin. The film, based on the British fairy tales "Jack the Giant Killer" and "Jack and the Beanstalk", stars Nicholas Hoult, Eleanor Tomlinson, Stanley Tucci, Ian McShane, Bill Nighy, and Ewan McGregor. The film tells the story of Jack, a young farmhand who must rescue a princess from a race of giants after inadvertently opening a gateway to their land in the sky. Development of Jack the Giant Slayer began in 2005, when Lemke first pitched the idea. D. J. Caruso was hired to direct the film in January 2009, but in September of that year, Caruso was replaced by Singer, who hired McQuarrie and Studney to rework the script. The main characters were cast between February and March 2011, and principal photography began in April 2011 in England with locations in Somerset, Gloucestershire and Norfolk. Release of the film was moved back in post-production to allow more time for special effects and marketing. Jack the Giant Slayer premiered on February 26, 2013, in Hollywood. It was released theatrically in the United States on March 1, 2013, receiving mixed reviews from critics and was a box office flop.

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