Military history of the United Kingdom during World War I

dubbing artist

Victims of anti-Christian violence

lyricist

Jeremy Lee Renner (born January 7, 1971) is an American actor and musician. He began his career by appearing in independent films such as Dahmer (2002) and Neo Ned (2005). Renner earned supporting roles in bigger films, such as S.W.A.T. (2003) and 28 Weeks Later (2007). Renner was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in The Hurt Locker (2008) and for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in The Town (2010). Renner played Hawkeye in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Captain America: Civil War (2016) and Avengers: Endgame (2019). He also appeared in Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol (2011), The Bourne Legacy (2012), Hansel and Gretel: Witch Hunters (2013), American Hustle (2013), Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation (2015), and Arrival (2016). Renner is also a rock musician, whose single "Main Attraction" was released in 2019.

The theory of multiple intelligences differentiates human intelligence into specific 'modalities', rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. Howard Gardner proposed this model in his 1993 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. According to the theory, an intelligence 'modality' must fulfill eight criteria: 1.
* potential for brain isolation by brain damage 2.
* place in evolutionary history 3.
* presence of core operations 4.
* susceptibility to encoding (symbolic expression) 5.
* a distinct developmental progression 6.
* the existence of savants, prodigies and other exceptional people 7.
* support from experimental psychology 8.
* support from psychometric findings Gardner proposed eight abilities that he held to meet these criteria: 1.
* musical-rhythmic, 2.
* visual-spatial, 3.
* verbal-linguistic, 4.
* logical-mathematical, 5.
* bodily-kinesthetic, 6.
* interpersonal, 7.
* intrapersonal, 8.
* naturalistic In 2009, he suggested that existential and moral intelligences may also be worthy of inclusion. Although the distinction between intelligences has been set out in great detail, Gardner opposes the idea of labeling learners to a specific intelligence. Gardner maintains that his theory should "empower learners", not restrict them to one modality of learning. According to Gardner, an intelligence is "a biopsychological potential to process information that can be activated in a cultural setting to solve problems or create products that are of value in a culture." According to a 2006 study, each of the domains proposed by Gardner involves a blend of the general g factor, cognitive abilities other than g, and, in some cases, non-cognitive abilities or personality characteristics.

Playback singer

Actor, musician

The Mass Rapid Transit, or MRT, is a rapid transit system forming the major component of the railway system in Singapore, spanning most of the city-state. The earliest section of the MRT, between Toa Payoh and Yio Chu Kang, opened on 7 November 1987. The network has since grown rapidly in accordance with Singapore's aim of developing a comprehensive rail network as the backbone of the public transport system in Singapore, with an average daily ridership of 3.501 million in 2018 (including the Light Rail Transit (LRT)), approximately 87% of the bus network's 4.037 million in the same period. The MRT network encompasses 199.6 kilometres (124.0 mi) of route, with 119 stations in operation, on standard gauge. The fully automated North East, Circle and Downtown lines form the longest fully automated metro network in the world. The lines are built by the Land Transport Authority, a statutory board of the Government of Singapore, which allocates operating concessions to the profit-based corporations, SMRT Corporation, and SBS Transit. These operators also run bus and taxi services, thus facilitating full integration of public transport services. The MRT is complemented by a small number of local LRT networks in Bukit Panjang, Sengkang, and Punggol that link MRT stations with HDB public housing estates.

screenwriter

Grand Marnier (French pronunciation: ​[ɡʁɑ̃ maʁnje]) is a French brand of liqueurs. The brand's best-known product is Grand Marnier Cordon Rouge, an orange-flavored liqueur created in 1880 by Alexandre Marnier-Lapostolle. It is made from a blend of Cognac brandy, distilled essence of bitter orange, and sugar. Grand Marnier Cordon Rouge is 40% alcohol (70 proof in UK, 80 proof in US). Aside from Cordon Rouge, the Grand Marnier line includes other liqueurs, most of which can be consumed "neat" as a cordial or a digestif, and can be used in mixed drinks and desserts. In France, this kind of use is the most popular, especially with crêpes Suzette and crêpes au Grand Marnier. César Ritz (1850–1918) reportedly came up with the name "Grand Marnier" for Marnier-Lapostolle, who in return helped him purchase and establish the Hotel Ritz Paris. On March 15, 2016, the Campari Group announced a friendly takeover offer for Société des Produits Marnier Lapostolle S.A., the owner of Grand Marnier.

Yu Wo (Chinese: 御我), born Chen Wenxuan (陳玟瑄), is a Taiwanese light novelist, best known for creating ½ Prince.

The theory of multiple intelligences differentiates human intelligence into specific 'modalities', rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. Howard Gardner proposed this model in his 1993 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. According to the theory, an intelligence 'modality' must fulfill eight criteria: Gardner proposed eight abilities that he held to meet these criteria: In 2009, he suggested that existential and moral intelligences may also be worthy of inclusion.

Vineeth Sreenivasan (born 1 October 1985) is an Indian playback singer, actor, Film Director, screenwriter, producer, lyricist, Creative Director and dubbing artist. He works in Malayalam cinema. Vineeth is son of the actor-screenwriter Sreenivasan. He made his film debut in 2003 singing the song "Kasavinte Thattamittu" from Kilichundan Mampazham, and later also worked in music albums. Vineeth made his acting debut in Cycle (2008), and since then he has acted in numerous films. His directorial debut was in 2010 with Malarvaadi Arts Club, also written by him. He scripted and directed the film Thira in 2013, which introduced his younger brother Dhyan Sreenivasan as an actor. Vineeth's second directorial venture Thattathin Marayathu (2012) became one of the highest-grossing films of 2012. His first script for another director was Oru Vadakkan Selfie (2015), directed by G. Pajith. His most recent directorial was Jacobinte Swargarajyam (2016). Vineeth established the film production house named Habit of Life and produced its debut film Aanandam in 2017. Vineeth is going to work as Creative Director role in Asif Ali's latest Movie .

Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch holds supreme autocratic authority, principally not being restricted by written laws, legislature, or customs. These are often hereditary monarchies. In contrast, in constitutional monarchies, the head of state's authority derives from and is legally bounded or restricted by a constitution or legislature. The popularity of the notion of absolute monarchy declined substantially after the French Revolution, which promoted theories of government based on popular sovereignty.

Creative director

Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch holds supreme autocratic authority, principally not being restricted by written laws, legislature, or customs. These are often hereditary monarchies. In contrast, in constitutional monarchies, the head of state's authority derives from and is legally bounded or restricted by a constitution or legislature. The popularity of the notion of absolute monarchy declined substantially after the French Revolution, which promoted theories of government based on popular sovereignty. Some monarchies have a weak or symbolic legislature and other governmental bodies the monarch can alter or dissolve at will. Countries where monarchs still maintain absolute power are: Vatican City, Brunei, Eswatini, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the individual emirates composing the United Arab Emirates, which itself is a federation of such monarchies – a federal monarchy.

actor

Pratītyasamutpāda (Sanskrit: प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद pratītyasamutpāda; Pali: पटिच्चसमुप्पाद paṭiccasamuppāda), commonly translated as dependent origination, or dependent arising, is a key principle in Buddhist teachings, which states that all dharmas ("phenomena") arise in dependence upon other dharmas: "if this exists, that exists; if this ceases to exist, that also ceases to exist". The principle is expressed in the links of dependent origination (Pali: dvādasanidānāni, Sanskrit: dvādaśanidānāni) in Buddhism, a linear list of twelve elements from the Buddhist teachings which arise depending on the preceding link. Traditionally the list is interpreted as describing the conditional arising of rebirth in saṃsāra, and the resultant duḥkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness). An alternate Theravada interpretation regards the list as describing the arising of mental formations and the resultant notion of "I" and "mine," which are the source of suffering. Traditionally, the reversal of the causal chain is explained as leading to the annihilation of mental formations and rebirth. Scholars have noted inconsistencies in the list, and regard it to be a later synthesis of several older lists. The first four links may be a mockery of the Vedic-Brahmanic cosmogony, as described in the Hymn of Creation of Veda X, 129 and the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. These were integrated with a branched list which describe the conditioning of mental processes, akin to the five skandhas. Eventually, this branched list developed into the standard twelvefold chain as a linear list. While this list describes the processes which give rise to rebirth, it also analyzes the arising of dukkha as a psychological process, without the involvement of an atman.
Pratītyasamutpāda (Sanskrit: प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद pratītyasamutpāda; Pali: पटिच्चसमुप्पाद paṭiccasamuppāda), commonly translated as dependent origination, or dependent arising, is a key principle in Buddhist teachings, which states that all dharmas ("phenomena") arise in dependence upon other dharmas: "if this exists, that exists; if this ceases to exist, that also ceases to exist".

Jeremy Lee Renner (born January 7, 1971) is an American actor and musician. He began his career by appearing in independent films such as Dahmer (2002) and Neo Ned (2005). Renner earned supporting roles in bigger films, such as S.W.A.T. (2003) and 28 Weeks Later (2007). Renner was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in The Hurt Locker (2008) and for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in The Town (2010).

director

Electrogravimetry is a method used to separate and quantify ions of a substance, usually a metal. In this process, the analyte solution is electrolized. Electrochemical reduction causes the analyte to be deposited on the cathode. The cathode is weighed before and after the experiment, and weighing by difference is used to calculate the amount of analyte in the original solution. Controlling the potential of the electrode is important to ensure that only the metal being analyzed will be deposited on the electrode. The process is similar to electroplating. It is known that in the phenomenon of polarization the products of electrolysis exerts a back EMF, which reduces the actual EMF of the cell. Thus electrolysis of an electrolyte is possible only when this back EMF is overcome. Consider a case in which two more platinum electrodes are placed in a dilute solution of copper sulfate. If a source of potential is applied, no appreciable current will flow through the system, until some minimum potential is applied after which the current will increase as the applied potential increases. The applied voltage which is just sufficient to overcome the back EMF due to polarization and also to bring about the electrolysis of an electrolyte without any hindrance is known as decomposition potential. The decomposition potential Ed is composed of various potentials and is given by: Ea(min)= Ed= Eb+ Es+ Ev where:
* Ea = applied potential
* Ed = decomposition potential
* Eb = theoretical counter or back potential
* Ev = overvoltage. Terminology used in electrogravimetric analysis 1)Electrolytic cell and electrolysis process: The cell in which electrical energy is used to bring about a chemical change or electrical energy if converted to chemical energy is called an electrolytic cell. For eg: a cell in which electroplating is done or extraction of metal is done is an electrolytic cell.Here the source of electrical energy provides sufficient energy to force a chemical reaction take place which would not take place spontaneously upon simple mixing. 2)Voltaic or Galvanic cell: the cell in which chemical energy is converted into electrical energy is called voltaic or galvanic cell. The chemical energy is converted more or less completely into electrical energy but some of the energy may be dissipated as heat.Daniel cell, lead storage battery are the examples of voltaic cell. 3)Cathode: In an electrolytic cell, the electrode which is attached to negative terminal of the source is called a cathode. So it is a negative electrode. Here electrons leave the source and go to the electrode. The electrode gives electrons which enter the electrolysis process. In a galvanic cell, cathode is a positive electrode. Here electrons are accepted by the electrode from the solution. 4)Anode: In an electrolytic cell the electrode which is attached to the positive terminal of the source is called an anode.So it is a positive electrode. Here electrons are accepted by the electrode from the solution and supplied to the source. In a galvanic cell, anode is a negative electrode. Here electrons are given by the electrode to generate electricity. 5)Polarisation Effects: It is expected that the linear relationship should exist between the potential of an electrochemical cell and current. The expected linearity is observed only at low currents. when the current become larger marked departures occur in the linear relationship. When nonlinear behaviour is observed, the cell is said to be polarised. Note that polarisation required the application of a potential to an electrolytic cell i.e greater than theorotical ,to give a current of the expected magnitude. With a galvanic cell,polarisation result in potentials that are smaller than are predicted by the linear relationship.The current in a cell that is completely polarised is essentially constant and independently of potential. Some times, addition of some compounds to the solution lowers the amount of polarisation. In such a cases the electrode and cell is said to be depolarised. 6)Decomposition Potential: The decomposition potential of an electrolyte may be defined as the minimum external voltage that must be applied in order to bring about continuous electrolysis. As soon as the decomposition potential is exceeded, continuous electrolysis of the solution takes place.With further increase in applied voltage the current increases linearly in accordance with Ohm's law. When electricity is passed from an external source to an electrolytic cell,a galvanic cell is also set up as the products are formed at the electrodes. If the supply of electricity is cut off, the galvanic cell starts working and the products tend to produce a current in a direction opposite to the direction of current passed during electrolysis. The galvanic cell is said to exert a back or counter or polarization e.m.f.. This back e.m.f. arises from the accumulation of oxygen and hydrogen at the anode and cathode respectively in the above example. It is belived thatv the back e.m.f. results from following three factors. a) The reversible back e.m.f.: reversible emf of galvanic cell set up by the passage of electrolytic current and is based upon concentrations of solutes in the bulk of the solution b) A concentration potential e.m.f or concentrations overvoltage : This is effect of changes in concentration at an electrode surfaces with reference to the concentration of bulk of the solution. c) An activation over voltage : This is the departure of the potential of an electrode from its reversible value due to the passage of electolytic current For example : in the electrolysis of an acidic solution of copper sulphate between platinum electrodes, concentration changes both at cathode and anode . At the cathode, removal of copper ion take place near the surface the reversible potential of cathode electrode ,therefore shifts in negative direction at the anode an accumulation of hydrogen ion .and perhaps of oxygen the causes the reversible potential of the oxygen electrode to shift in the positive direction. Both effects tends to increase the back emf the concentration over voltage is increased current density and decreased by stirring. The difference between the measured potential and its reversible value is called the overpotential . The overvoltage at the cathode and anode depends upon following factor a) The nature and the physical state of the metal electrode- It is found that reaction involving evolution of gas usually develops overpotential at an electrode. In such case, the physical state of the electrode i.e whether the electrode surface is smooth, rough, bright, platinised decides the extent of overpotential. for e.g, the overpotential developed at the platinised platinum electrode is less than that developed at platinum electrode.these happens because platinised platinum electrode offers large effective surface area than platinum electrode which subsequently results in decrease in current density. b) The physical state of the substance deposited: If the substance deposited on the electrode is a metal then the overpotential is small. If the substance deposited on the electrode is a gas like H2 or O2, the overpotential is relatively large. c) The current density: If the current density is up-to 0.01 amp/sq.cm. , the over-potential increases very rapidly. Above this limit overpotential increases but less rapidly. d)Temperature: As the temperature is raised, the overpotential is reduced. For most of the electrodes, the temperature co-efficient is about 2 mV/degree The overpotential of hydrogen and oxygen are of particular importance in electrolytic determination . It is called gas overpotential. Some values of nthe overpotential of hydrogen on various surface are given. The anodic over potential of oxygen on smooth platinum in acid solutions is approximately 0.4 volt. Gas overpotential depends upon factors: 1) Electrode material 2) Current density 3) Electrode condition 4) Temperature 5) PH The hydrogen overpotential is the gratest with the relatively soft metal such as Bi, Cd, Sn, Pb and especially with Hg. The exixtence of hydrogen overpotential e)The change in concentration: It often found during electrolysis that concentration of the electrolyte at electrode surface is different than that in the bulb solution. Generally, the metal ion concentration at the electrode interface is only 1% of the bulk concentration. These sets a concentration gradient in the vicinity of electrode. The change in concentration give the difference in value of electric caurrent measurement.

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