Vertical redundancy checking

A cross-tube boiler was the most common form of small vertical boiler. They were widely used, in the age of steam, as a small donkey boiler, for the independent power of winches, steam cranes etc.The boiler has the advantage of simple robust construction, in particular requiring little regular maintenance. It is relatively inefficient, which was not a serious drawback to the purposes for which it was used.

Vertical Velocity (V2) is an inverted steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois.Manufactured by Intamin under the trade name Twisted Impulse Coaster, this launched shuttle-style coaster, located in the Yankee Harbor section of the park, has been operating since May 18, 2001.The coaster's single seven-car (28-passenger) train runs along a 200 m (656 ft) U-shaped track, incorporating two 185-foot (56 m) vertical spikes.

Vertical Search Works

Janine Popick

available

Vertical part of palatine bone

Vertical horizon

Vertical Volute Spring Suspension

Vertical Velocity

Vertical Race

Soviet Union

In a raster graphics display, the vertical blanking interval (VBI), also known as the vertical interval or VBLANK, is the time between the end of the final line of a frame or field and the beginning of the first line of the next frame. It is present in analog television, VGA, DVI and other signals. During the VBI, the incoming data stream is not displayed on the screen. In raster cathode ray tube displays, the beam is blanked to avoid displaying the retrace line; see raster scan for details.

Vertical application

Vertical Vision

Vertical axis (aircraft)

Vertical currency

VerticalResponse, Inc. is an American company providing software for sending email marketing, online surveys and direct mail for direct marketing campaigns. VerticalResponse’s market research has been quoted by multiple media outlets, including The Miami Herald, Associated Press, Bloomberg Businessweek and Forbes.

Vertic

Vertical Velocity (V2) is an inverted steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America in Gurnee, Illinois.Manufactured by Intamin under the trade name Twisted Impulse Coaster, this launched shuttle-style coaster, located in the Yankee Harbor section of the park, has been operating since May 18, 2001.The coaster's single seven-car (28-passenger) train runs along a 200 m (656 ft) U-shaped track, incorporating two 185-foot (56 m) vertical spikes. The forward spike incorporates a twisted spiral, and the rearward spike provides a straight freefall. The 20 m (65 ft) train, propelled by linear induction motors (LIMs), is accelerated in less than four seconds to 70 mph (110 km/h) toward the forward tower before dropping back down through the station house and up the rearward tower. A holding brake is incorporated on the rear straight tower and is able to suspend the train momentarily (usually on the final ascent during each ride) before dropping it back down to the station house. However, the holding brake has not been used since September 2008 due to maintenance issues. The train passes, at speed, through the station four times per 2,700-foot (820 m) ride and is smoothly braked by eddy-current braking before being brought into final position at the station by the LIMs.

Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser

Vertical mattress

Vertical distribution of ice in Arctic clouds

Vertical After

Vertical Fiscal Equalisation

The Vertical Integration Building was a building at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) in Florida, located at the far south end of the industrial area supporting SLC-40 and SLC-41. The building was used to support Titan III and Titan IV launches. These expendable launch systems were operated by the United States Air Force, both at CCAFS and at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California from 1965 to 2005. Several Titan rockets could be vertically integrated at the same time inside the Vertical Integration Building. In that respect it was a precursor to the Vehicle Assembly Building used for the Saturn V and Space Shuttle.The Vertical Integration Building was dismantled in 2006.

group_or_band

Vertical external cavity surface-emitting laser

Vertical position relative (ANSI)

Vertical fiscal equalisation

one

Sean Hurley

Vertical Monopolist

six cylinder, air-cooled, four stroke aircraft engine

The concept of a vertical queue is often used in traffic flow studies as a common assumption to simplify analysis problems. Their use enables many calculations to be simplified, allowing researchers to get to the core of their problem, while ignoring the effects of queue buildup on a roadway. Vertical queues can also be used in traffic signal analysis, with vertical queues occurring at the location of the stop bar.

Vertical gluteal crease

Vertical archipelago

Vertical multitubular boiler

Vertcoin, vertcoins

Vertical Tab

Vertical penetration is a scalar measurement of distance, of the maximum altitude an object, most often an aircraft can gain at any particular moment in time, thereby converting all of its energy from kinetic to gravitational potential.It is worth noting that when listing an aircraft's technical specifications, vertical penetration can be appropriately used in substitution of maximum vertical penetration.

Vertical DDT

Vertex operator superalgebra

Vertical

In tectonics, vertical displacement is the shifting of land in a vertical direction, resulting in a long term change in elevation. Two types of vertical displacement are uplift, an increase in elevation, and subsidence, a decrease in elevation. Vertical displacement may result from tectonic activity, sinking due to an increased load or isostatic rebound due to load removal. In faulting the vertical displacement along the fault trace is referred to as the throw of the fault.

Print, e-book

Vertical Farming

Vertical restraint

Vertical refresh

Vertical bony defect

Russian

Markus McCallum

Vertical direction

Vertical alliance

Vertical Market

The vertical cut recording process is an early method of audio recording by which a stylus cuts a vertical groove into a phonograph record. This is in contrast to the lateral recording system which uses a stylus that cuts side-to-side across a record. The vertical recording process, also known as the hill and dale process, was used to record phonograph cylinder records as well as Edison Disc Records, Pathé disc records, and disc records made by numerous smaller companies. Vertical cut recording was also used as a means of copyright protection by the early Muzak 16-inch background music discs.In this process the stylus makes a vertical cut, its depth determined in accordance with the current in the recording coil. The grooves of vertically cut records have a constant separation and varying depth, as opposed to grooves of laterally cut records, which have a varying distance of separation and constant depth.If a vertically cut groove was examined under a microscope along its length, you would see a continuous wavy line as the needle cuts at different depths according to the tone and the loudness of the audio being recorded. These grooves show a transition from high to low peak as a smooth curve, giving the characteristic rounded 'hill and dale' effect to the groove, similar to the appearance of many geographic areas.Recording is by mechanical means and the vibrations from acoustic energy, transferred to a cutting needle, make the needle cut a deeper or shallower groove. It is necessary to set the parameters of the cutting depth accurately as too shallow a groove on silent sections and the playback device, also a needle, will slip out of place, and too deep and you risk cutting through the thin layer of recording medium and/or creating excessive wear when the recording is played back, due to mechanical noise generated by the recording system the needle is never totally still, total silence would produce a flat even depth groove, so the hill and dale effect exists over all the audio recording section.

Vertical Form 6

Vertical exaggeration (VE) is a scale that is used in raised-relief maps, plans and technical drawings (cross section perspectives), in order to emphasize vertical features, which might be too small to identify relative to the horizontal scale.The vertical exaggeration is given by: V E = H S V S {\displaystyle {\mathit {VE}}={\mathit {\frac {HS}{VS}}}} where VS is the vertical scale and HS is the horizontal scale, both given as representative fractions.For example, if 1 centimetre (0.39 in) vertically represents 200 metres (660 ft) and 1 centimetre (0.39 in) horizontally represents 4,000 metres (13,000 ft), the vertical exaggeration is given by 4000 / 200, which is 20.Vertical exaggeration is given as a number; for example 5× means that vertical measurements are 5 times greater than horizontal measurements.

Vertibird

Valeria Belova

Vertical retrace interval

Seth Horan

Vertical Position Absolute (ANSI)

Musculus verticalis linguae

Vertical Church Band

Vertical online service provider

A vertical search engine as distinct from a general web search engine, focuses on a specific segment of online content. They are also called specialty or topical search engines. The vertical content area may be based on topicality, media type, or genre of content. Common verticals include shopping, the automotive industry, legal information, medical information, scholarly literature, job search and travel. Examples of vertical search engines include; Mocavo, Nuroa, Trulia and Yelp. In contrast to general web search engines, which attempt to index large portions of the World Wide Web using a web crawler, vertical search engines typically use a focused crawler which attempts to index only relevant web pages to a pre-defined topic or set of topics.Some vertical search sites focus on individual verticals, while other sites include multiple vertical searches within one search engine.Vertical search offers several potential benefits over general search engines:Greater precision due to limited scope,Leverage domain knowledge including taxonomies and ontologies,Support of specific unique user tasks.Vertical search can be viewed as similar to enterprise search where the domain of focus is the enterprise, such as a company, government or other organization. In 2013, consumer price comparison websites with integrated vertical search engines such as FindTheBest drew large rounds of venture capital funding, indicating a growth trend for these applications of vertical search technology.

Vertical Politics Institute

Vinyl CD

Vertical Entertainment

In microeconomics and management, vertical integration is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. It is contrasted with horizontal integration, wherein a company produces several items which are related to one another. Vertical integration has also described management styles that bring large portions of the supply chain not only under a common ownership, but also into one corporation (as in the 1920s when the Ford River Rouge Complex began making much of its own steel rather than buying it from suppliers).Vertical integration is one method of avoiding the hold-up problem. A monopoly produced through vertical integration is called a vertical monopoly.Nineteenth-century steel tycoon Andrew Carnegie's example in the use of vertical integration led others to use the system to promote financial growth and efficiency in their businesses.Vertical integration can be an important strategy, but it is notoriously difficult to implement successfully and—when it turns out to be the wrong strategy—costly to fix.

Donovan White

Vertical replenishment, or VERTREP is a method of supply of seaborne vessels by helicopter. The United States Department of Defense defines VERTREP as:...the transfer of cargo between ships using helicopters. VERTREP is often used to supplement connected replenishment. Weapons loads, generally limited to 1,800 kg (4,000 pounds), are transferred from the supply ship to the flight deck of the amphibious ship. The decided advantage of a VERTREP is that it can effect replenishment without ship-to-ship connection.

lower-roman

Vertical handoff

Vertical disease transmission

Vertical Entertainment.

Vertical handover or vertical handoff refers to a network node changing the type of connectivity it uses to access a supporting infrastructure, usually to support node mobility. For example, a suitably equipped laptop might be able to use both a high speed wireless LAN and a cellular technology for Internet access. Wireless LAN connections generally provide higher speeds, while cellular technologies generally provide more ubiquitous coverage.

Vertical Publishing

English

RCA, Outfall

International

Vertical angle

Vertical resistance

Vertical Features Remake (1978) is a film by Peter Greenaway. It portrays the work of a fictional Institute of Reclamation and Restoration as they attempt to assemble raw footage taken by ornithologist Tulse Luper into a short film, in accordance with his notes and structuralist film theory. The footage consists mostly of vertical landscape features, such as trees and posts, shot in the English landscape. It contains four restoration attempts, each with a documentary-like introduction.

Vertical market software is aimed at addressing the needs of any given business within a discernible vertical market (specific industry or market). While horizontal market software can be useful to a wide array of industries (such as word processors or spreadsheet programs), vertical market software is developed for and customized to a specific industry's needs.Vertical market software is readily identifiable by the application specific graphical user interface which defines it.

VTC

Vertical Gardens

Vertical Submarine is a collective group of artists originating from Singapore. The group was formed in 2003 and the name was taken from a word subvert that is rotated to be vert-sub and expanded to form Vertical Submarine. The group has been appearing in local exhibitions of intricate installations involving everyday objects, text and an acquired sense of humor.The group won the Singapore President's Young Talents Award of 2009. Vertical Submarine will participate in ROUNDTABLE: The 9th Gwangju Biennale, which takes place September 7 – November 11, 2012 in Gwangju, Korea.In January 2013, works by Joshua Yang, Justin Loke and Fiona Koh were exhibited at Worlds Apart Fair, held at Conrad Centennial Singapore.

Vertical Take-Off and Landing

Vertical bull spreads

Vertical queue

Vertical Coaster

Hart Schiesse

The vertical archipelago is a term coined by sociologist and anthropologist John Victor Murra under the influence of economist Karl Polanyi to describe the native Andean agricultural economic model of accessing and distributing resources. Aside from certain cultures, particularly in the arid northwest coast of Peru, pre-colonial Andean civilizations did not have strong traditions of market-based trade. Like Mesoamerican pochteca traders, there was a trading class known as mindaláes in these northern coastal societies. A system of barter known as trueque is also known to have existed in these coastal societies as a means of exchanging goods and food stuffs between farmers and fisherman. A simple currency, known to archaeologists as axe-monies, were also present in the area (as well as western Mesoamerica). By contrast, most highland Andean societies, such as the Quechua and Aymara, were organized into moietal lineage groups, such as ayllus in the Quechua case. These lineages internally shared labor through a system called minga. This minga labor system itself rested upon the concept of ayni, or reciprocity, and did not use any form of money as in the case of the coastal Andean traders. Fundamentally, it is a concept of "ecological complementarity" mediated through cultural institutions. Some scholars, while accepting the structure and basic nature of the vertical archipelago, have suggested that inter-ethnic trade and barter may have been more important than the model suggests, despite the lack of evidence in the archaeological and ethnohistoric record.Absent the use of trade to access resources, economic transactions were essentially intra-lineage obligations of labor. These lineages required a base level of self-sufficiency to achieve autarky. In the Andes, a long mountain range with a great variety of ecozones and resources, the need to access the proper lands for specific crops or animals meant lineages created miniature colonies or sent seasonal migration (such as transhumance) in different ecoregions. As the Andes are a relatively young mountain range, there is an especially great variation in waterfall and temperature, which has great importance for agriculture. This is all the more important as only about 2% of the land in the Andes is arable.

Vertical rays of the sun

Vertical leap

FE10

Vertical muscle of tongue

Vertical Horizon is an American alternative rock band formed at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. in 1991. The band is best known for their 1999 album Everything You Want. These hits included "Everything You Want," "You're a God", and "Best I Ever Had (Grey Sky Morning)." Their most recent album, Echoes from the Underground, was released in October 2013.

Vertical exaggeration

Yes

The Vertical Politics Institute (VPI) is a conservative Political Action Committee in the United States. Their mission statement reads as such:The Vertical Politics Institute is dedicated to finding solutions to the many challenges our nation faces today. We will focus on the following issues: Tax Reform, Energy Independence, Controlling Spending, Health Care Reform, Arts and Education, Sanctity of Life, Traditional Marriage, Environment and Nation Security.The creator and current chairman of VPI is former Arkansas governor and 2008 Republican presidential candidate Mike Huckabee.

Vertical Take-Off Horizontal Landing

Vertical (Sledge Hammer!)

Vertical equity

Vertical lift aircraft

Vertical construction

Vertical Loop

Vertical Fiscal Imbalance

Vertical interconnect access

Keith

A vertical ecosystem is an architectural gardening system developed by Ignacio Solano from the mur vegetalise created by Patrick Blanc. This new approach enhances the previous archetype of mur vegetal and considers the relationship that exists between a set of living organisms, biocenosis, inhabiting a physical component, biotope.

Vertical Merger

Vertical Hummingbird 300LS

Vertical Church Band is a contemporary Christian and worship band from Chicago, Illinois as part of the Harvest Bible Chapel. The worship band includes Meredith Andrews, Andi Rozier, Kyle Fredricks, Jon Guerra, Tara Stutes, and Rochelle Burlock. They are signed to Provident Label Group and have released four albums through Essential Records: Live Worship from Vertical Church in 2012, Rock Won't Move in 2013, Church Songs on January 16, 2015, and Frontiers on July 29, 2016.

A vertical search engine as distinct from a general web search engine, focuses on a specific segment of online content. They are also called specialty or topical search engines. The vertical content area may be based on topicality, media type, or genre of content. Common verticals include shopping, the automotive industry, legal information, medical information, scholarly literature, job search and travel. Examples of vertical search engines include; Mocavo, Nuroa, Trulia and Yelp.

Vertical drainage

Vertical Bar

Vertical axis

Vertical is a 2010 novel by Rex Pickett and the second novel in the Sideways Trilogy. It is a sequel to the novel Sideways, which was made into a successful 2004 film of the same name.The novel takes place seven years after the events depicted in Sideways. It contains the same characters as in the earlier novel: Miles, a writer, his friend Jack, a sometime actor, and Miles' mother Phyllis, all wine lovers.

Albert Osipov

Vertical doors

Vertical farmer

yes

The Vertical Integration Building was a building at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) in Florida, located at the far south end of the industrial area supporting SLC-40 and SLC-41. The building was used to support Titan III and Titan IV launches. These expendable launch systems were operated by the United States Air Force, both at CCAFS and at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California from 1965 to 2005.

Vertical Smiles

Vertical auto profile

Vertical Ancillary Data Space

Vertical forward grip

Washington, D.C., U.S.
Vertical Horizon

Vertibrate

Vertical helical scan

Vertical is a 2010 novel by Rex Pickett and the second novel in the Sideways Trilogy. It is a sequel to the novel Sideways, which was made into a successful 2004 film of the same name.The novel takes place seven years after the events depicted in Sideways. It contains the same characters as in the earlier novel: Miles, a writer, his friend Jack, a sometime actor, and Miles' mother Phyllis, all wine lovers. Miles is now a successful author, having written a novel called "Shameless" with much the same situations as the real-life Sideways. Like Sideways, "Shameless" has been adapted as a successful movie. Jack, who had been prosperous in Sideways, is now divorced and short of cash. Pickett says that the character Jack is based on his friend Roy Gittens, a film electrician.The novel recounts a road trip involving the three and a Filipina caretaker, Joy, as they head first to Oregon's Willamette Valley for the International Pinot Noir Celebration, and then to Sheboygan, Wisconsin, where Phyllis is to live with her sister, Alice.The book was self-published by Pickett. He has said that the book is autobiographical, saying: "The trip didn’t happen with Jack, but everything with my mother was real. I lived that, and Jack is that character now, he’s a guy who’s gone to seed. And I am a guy who’s had success and overimbibed and did some things that I don’t do anymore."

Vertical launch system

Vertical Records

In microeconomics and management, vertical integration is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. It is contrasted with horizontal integration, wherein a company produces several items which are related to one another.

Vertical formation skydiving (VFS) is a subcategory of formation skydiving using high-speed body positions normally associated with freeflying. Competitors build pre-selected formations in free-fall with multiple people gripping each other's limbs or specially built "grippers" on their jumpsuits.The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) world record for the largest VFS free-fall formation is a 164-way, set on July 31, 2015 over Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Vertical Entertainment logo.png

Vertical Roll

Vertex transitive graph

Vertical gradient

Vertical Records is an independent record label founded by Capercaillie member Donald Shaw in 2000, based in Glasgow, Scotland.

Vertical exaggeration (VE) is a scale that is used in raised-relief maps, plans and technical drawings (cross section perspectives), in order to emphasize vertical features, which might be too small to identify relative to the horizontal scale.The vertical exaggeration is given by: V E = H S V S {\displaystyle {\mathit {VE}}={\mathit {\frac {HS}{VS}}}} where VS is the vertical scale and HS is the horizontal scale, both given as representative fractions.For example, if 1 centimetre (0.39 in) vertically represents 200 metres (660 ft) and 1 centimetre (0.39 in) horizontally represents 4,000 metres (13,000 ft), the vertical exaggeration is given by 4000 / 200, which is 20.Vertical exaggeration is given as a number; for example 5× means that vertical measurements are 5 times greater than horizontal measurements. The above example would be given as 20x. A value of 1× indicates that horizontal and vertical scales are identical, and is regarded as having "no vertical exaggeration." Vertical exaggerations less than 1 are not common, but indicate a reduction in vertical scale (or, equivalently, a horizontal exaggeration). In some cases, if the vertical exaggeration is too high, the map reader may get confused.

Toshiyuki Takatsu

A vertical form fill sealing machine is a type of automated assembly-line product packaging system, commonly used in the packaging industry for food, and a wide variety of other products. Walter Zwoyer, the inventor of the technology, patented his idea for the VFFS machine in 1936 while working with the Henry Heide Candy Company. The machine constructs plastic bags out of a flat roll of film, while simultaneously filling the bags with product and sealing the filled bags. Both solids and liquids can be bagged using this packaging system.

Shuttle Coaster

Vertical online service

Vertical After was an independent band based in Vancouver, BC and Seattle, WA whose music genre varied from "Thrash Metal to Pop to Punk". They were widely known for their creative music and wide range of styles. The band is noted most importantly for their elaborate rock videos, which was aired repeatedly on Canada's Much Music nationwide music station.

VerticalResponse Inc.

Vertical jumping

Vertical Spread

Vertical Blue is a free-diving school that operates at Dean's Blue Hole, in The Bahamas, and is presided over by freediving world record holder William Trubridge.

Vertical Entertainment is an American independent film distributor and production company founded in 2012 by producers Richard B. "Rich" Goldberg and Mitch Budin.

Jeffrey Jarvis

Vertical datum

Vertical bundle

note

FE1F

A Vertical Race is a special kind of ski mountaineering without the typical downhill skiing after ascending. At the mountain running and climbing passages the runners have to carry their skis in their backpacks. Vertical Races for women and men are part of all international ski mountaineering competitions of the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions (ISMC) as well as at many national competitions.

Vertical (Russian: Вертикаль) is a 1967 Soviet sports drama film directed by Stanislav Govorukhin and Boris Durov. The film was Govorukhin's directorial debut.

A vertical form fill sealing machine is a type of automated assembly-line product packaging system, commonly used in the packaging industry for food, and a wide variety of other products. Walter Zwoyer, the inventor of the technology, patented his idea for the VFFS machine in 1936 while working with the Henry Heide Candy Company. The machine constructs plastic bags out of a flat roll of film, while simultaneously filling the bags with product and sealing the filled bags.

Bayerl and Vertical Aviation

A cross-tube boiler was the most common form of small vertical boiler. They were widely used, in the age of steam, as a small donkey boiler, for the independent power of winches, steam cranes etc.The boiler has the advantage of simple robust construction, in particular requiring little regular maintenance. It is relatively inefficient, which was not a serious drawback to the purposes for which it was used. However it was also of limited heating surface, thus limiting its sustained output power, compared to other boiler designs. For that reason it was rarely used when power was required continuously, such as for locomotives. However as the boiler is of relatively large internal volume relative to its power, this acts as a transient reserve of steam. Applications such as cranes only require steam intermittently, allowing the boiler to recover pressure between lifts.

A vertical fire-tube boiler or vertical multitubular boiler is a vertical boiler where the heating surface is composed of multiple small fire-tubes, arranged vertically.These boilers were not common, owing to drawbacks with excessive wear in service. The more common form of vertical boiler, which was very similar in external appearance, instead used a single flue and water-filled cross-tubes. Another form used horizontal fire-tubes, even where this added complexity, such as the Cochran boiler.Where a sustained high evaporative capacity (i.e. power) was required, vertical tubes were used, but rarely. These cases were mostly for locomotives, either railway locomotives or road steam wagons.

Kazunori Yasui

Vertical Launching System

Stewart Langille

Vertical (novel)

Vertical labret

VerticalResponse

Steel

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Ron LaVella

Vertical Aviation Technologies Hummingbird

Vertical of Aviation S.A.S.

Vertical lift bridge

Vertical form fill sealing machine

Vertical position absolute (ANSI)

Vertical Integration

The vertical flute is either (1) a rim-blown (notched or un-notched) flute, (2) a tubular duct flute, with tapered bore or (3) a transversely blown flute, Giorgi flute, designed to be played in an upright position. The vertical flute is contrasted with the "cross flute" (or "transverse flute") and "globular flute", and in stricter usage may refer only to the first category above (Marcuse 1975, 187).Rim-blown vertical flutes include the Jiahu flute, the xiao, the danso, the kaval, the ney, the quena, and the shakuhachi.The most familiar ducted vertical flutes are the recorder, tin whistle, and tabor pipe. One historical variety has a slightly tapered (decreasing diameter) bore with 6 tone holes on the top side. A dorsal thumb hole is absent. It sometimes has a small foot section with a single key. The range is a little more than two octaves and the common keynote is "D" major. The instrument is often mistaken for a recorder with keynote C, but. like the tin whistle and tabor pipe, relies on overblowing to change registers instead of pinching open a thumbhole, recorder style, to "cancel" the fundamental harmonic (Bessaraboff 1941, 62–63).An unusual case of a transversely blown but vertically held flute is a special variation of the standard flute, or, more specifically, the Western concert flute, designed to be played in an upright position. This version uses a standard cross-blown flute head joint bent in a "?" question mark shape. It can also be modified for one-handed players for people with disabilities.

The vertical cut recording process is an early method of audio recording by which a stylus cuts a vertical groove into a phonograph record. This is in contrast to the lateral recording system which uses a stylus that cuts side-to-side across a record. The vertical recording process, also known as the hill and dale process, was used to record phonograph cylinder records as well as Edison Disc Records, Pathé disc records, and disc records made by numerous smaller companies.

Vertical race

Vertical Roll is a 1972 video art piece by American video and performance artist Joan Jonas. It is a sequel to Jonas' first video work Organic Honey's Visual Telepathy. Jonas' interfacing with the material grammar of video was significant to the late 1960s and early 1970s experimentation with new video technology. Among others, Steina and Woody Vasulka, Nam June Paik and Peter Campus also contributed to the emergent material discourse of video art.

studio

Marketing

Vertical Limit (film)

Vertical handover

Vertical scroller

VertiGo (Cedar Point)

Vertical foregrip

Vertical punctuation

*Meredith Andrews
*Andi Rozier
*Kyle Fredricks
*Jon Guerra
*Tara Stutes
*Rochelle Burlock

Vertical mixing

Vertical market

Vertical displacement

Worldwide

Vertcoin (VTC) is a peer-to-peer cryptocurrency and software project. It is a Bitcoin-like blockchain currency with additional features such as Stealth Address technology and ASIC resistant Proof-of-Work (PoW) function. The main difference between Bitcoin and Vertcoin is the latter's resistance to centralized mining and the long term promise of Vertcoin developers to keep it that way. Vertcoin has already forked two times to a new PoW function because of a veritable threat of centralized mining. The Vertcoin Wallet can be downloaded from Vertcoin's official website.

Vertical-Horizontal Illusion

Vertical-rate indicator

Vertical Dispensing Nozzles

Vertical gaze palsy

Vertical power

Rick Medlocke and Blackfoot

A vertical jump or vertical leap is the act of raising one's center of gravity higher in the vertical plane solely with the use of one's own muscles; it is a measure of how high an individual or athlete can elevate off the ground (jump) from a standstill.

Bukhuti Zakariadze

Vertical pipe

Vertical Auto Profile

Vertical chamber apparatus

The Vertical Hummingbird is an American helicopter, produced by Vertical Aviation Technologies of Sanford, Florida that was introduced in 1991. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Vertical electrical sounding

Vertical Take-Off and Landing Experimental Aircraft

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

The Vertical Politics Institute (VPI) is a conservative Political Action Committee in the United States. Their mission statement reads as such:The Vertical Politics Institute is dedicated to finding solutions to the many challenges our nation faces today.

Vertical Force

A vertical forward grip is a vertical grip that is designed to attach to a firearm for the forward hand (or "off hand"). These aid in the maneuverability of the firearm, since the natural angle of a person's outstretched hand is more oriented to grasping objects at a vertical angle, rather than a horizontal one perpendicular to the body. Foregrips can decrease accuracy in precision rifle shooting if the shooter tends to "muscle the weapon".

The vertical muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the tongue. It is found only at the borders of the forepart of the tongue.Its fibers extend from the upper to the under surface of the organ.

Vertical Submarine is a collective group of artists originating from Singapore. The group was formed in 2003 and the name was taken from a word subvert that is rotated to be vert-sub and expanded to form Vertical Submarine. The group has been appearing in local exhibitions of intricate installations involving everyday objects, text and an acquired sense of humor.The group won the Singapore President's Young Talents Award of 2009.

VertiGo (Knott's Berry Farm)

Vertical pianoforte

Shōji Tomii

Vertical Forms is a Unicode block containing vertical punctuation for compatibility characters with the Chinese Standard GB 18030.

Vertical cavity surface-emitting laser

Vertical Service Codes

Vertical Launch System

Vertical Interval Test Signal

Siogo

A vertical-lift bridge or just lift bridge is a type of movable bridge in which a span rises vertically while remaining parallel with the deck.The vertical lift offers several benefits over other movable bridges such as the bascule and swing-span bridge. Generally speaking they cost less to build for longer moveable spans.

Minoru Endō

Vertical Forms

Vertical constraint graph

Vertical (1967 film)

Automobile, pedestrians, truck, light rail, heavy rail

Vertic (Vertic A/S) is a Danish digital marketing and advertising agency founded in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2002. The company has offices in Copenhagen, New York City, Seattle and Singapore. Its clients include GE, Microsoft, Novo Nordisk, SAP, AARP and Vestas. Vertic is a development partner for LinkedIn and twice (2011, 2013) received The Internationalist's Award for Innovative Digital Marketing Solutions for its marketing of the LinkedIn platform.

Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery

The Philadelphia Experiment

Vertical electrical sounding (VES) is a geophysical method for investigation of a geological medium. The method is based on the estimation of the electrical conductivity or resistivity of the medium. The estimation is performed based on the measurement of voltage of electrical field induced by the distant grounded electrodes (current electrodes).

Depends upon degree of prefabrication

Vertical bear spread

Vertical deflection traffic calming device

Vertical blank interrupt

Boris Durov

Vertical Assembly Building

A vertical blank interrupt (or VBI) is a hardware feature found in some computer systems that generate a video display. Typical video display circuits generate vertical blanking and vertical sync' pulses when the display picture has completed and the raster is being returned to the start of the display. With VBI, the vertical blank pulse is also used to generate an interrupt request for the computer's microprocessor.The interrupt service routine can then run specific display or graphics software to modify data in the video display memory while it is not being read. This was particularly useful in simple home computers and video game consoles that relied upon a central microprocessor to generate text or graphic displays.As the VBI will be generated at the start of every displayed frame (50 Hz for PAL, 60 Hz for NTSC), it is also a useful timebase in systems lacking an interrupt from a programmable or fixed interval timer. Regular software functions like scanning a keyboard, reading a joystick or maintaining a time or date measurement can be carried out. This can also be used to implement a basic form of multitasking.The VBI is particularly useful if the display hardware includes some sort of page flipping support, in which case the hardware can be set up to draw a new frame during the period where there is no drawing taking place.A VBI was implemented on the Atari 8-bit family, whose ANTIC display chip included a register pointing to the start of the display memory. The main program would draw the new frame into a buffer in memory and the VBI service routine would change the ANTIC register.

Vertical Resistance

The vertical archipelago is a term coined by sociologist and anthropologist John Victor Murra under the influence of economist Karl Polanyi to describe the native Andean agricultural economic model of accessing and distributing resources. Aside from certain cultures, particularly in the arid northwest coast of Peru, pre-colonial Andean civilizations did not have strong traditions of market-based trade.

Vertical ecosystem

* Rich Goldberg
* Mitch Budin

Vertcoin (VTC) is a peer-to-peer cryptocurrency and software project. It is a Bitcoin-like blockchain currency with additional features such as Stealth Address technology and ASIC resistant Proof-of-Work (PoW) function. The main difference between Bitcoin and Vertcoin is the latter's resistance to centralized mining and the long term promise of Vertcoin developers to keep it that way.

Vertical dimenion at rest

Vertical Kerning

Vertical Disease Transmisson

Vertical disintegration

The Vertcoin peer-to-peer network regulates and distributes through consensus in protocol.

Vertical merger

Scottish Roots, Folk, Singer/Songwriter, Rock and Pop

The vertical flute is either (1) a rim-blown (notched or un-notched) flute, (2) a tubular duct flute, with tapered bore or (3) a transversely blown flute, Giorgi flute, designed to be played in an upright position.

Submucosal fibrous layer of dorsum of tongue

Seattle, WA, USA

Vertical broach

Vertical cosine

Vertical-lift bridge

Inverted

In astronomy, a vertical circle is a great circle on the celestial sphere that is perpendicular to the horizon. Therefore, it passes through the zenith and the nadir. There is a vertical circle for any given azimuth, where azimuth is the angle measured east from the north on the celestial horizon. The vertical circle which is on the east-west direction is called the prime vertical. The vertical circle which is on the north-south direction is called the Local Celestial Meridian (LCM) or Principal Vertical. Vertical circles are part of the horizontal coordinate system.

Vertical Forms (Unicode block)

Vertical scan rate

A vertical boiler with horizontal fire-tubes is a type of small vertical boiler, used to generate steam for small machinery. It is characterised by having many narrow fire-tubes, running horizontally.Boilers like this have been widely used on ships as either auxiliary or donkey boilers. Smaller examples, particularly the Robertson type have been used for steam wagons.

Vertical communications

Vertical Thinking

Vertical Takeoff and Landing

Launched

Boogie Woogie Waltz

Intamin

Precious One

Shin Sasaki

Technicolor Nightmare

Vertical Composting Units

VerticalNet

Vertical disintegration refers to a specific organizational form of industrial production.

Vertical search

Vertical gardens

Vertical jump

Vertical external cavity surface emitting laser

Vertical expansion

Vertical Electrical Sounding

Vertical Submarine

A vertical boiler is a type of fire-tube or water-tube boiler where the boiler barrel is oriented vertically instead of the more common horizontal orientation. Vertical boilers were used for a variety of steam-powered vehicles and other mobile machines, including early steam locomotives.

Vertical envelopment

Vertical Inc

Vertical inequality

Live at Tonic

Vertical fiscal imbalance in Canada

Vertical fire-tube boiler

Vertical Angles

medium

Vertical Blue 2009

The term vertical resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank to describe single-gene resistance. This contrasted the term horizontal resistance which was used to describe many-gene resistance. Raoul A. Robinson further refined the definition of vertical resistance, emphasizing that in vertical resistance there are single genes for resistance in the host plant, and there are also single genes for parasitic ability in the parasite. This phenomenon is known as the gene-for-gene relationship, and it is the defining character of vertical resistance.

Vertical Velocity (roller coaster)

San Francisco, California, U.S.

Vertical gluteal creases

Vertical Interconnect Access

Vertical blinds

This is a comprehensive discography of official recordings by Vertical Horizon, an American alternative band originally from Washington, D.C.

Vertical asymptote

The Ballad of Little Girl Dancer

File:VTC Logo.png

Jenn Oberle

Fastpass availability icon.svg

A vertical agreement is a term used in competition law to denote agreements between firms at different levels of the supply chain. For instance, a manufacturer of consumer electronics might have a vertical agreement with a retailer according to which the latter would promote their products in return for lower prices.

Vertical farms

Vertical Vision Cantù

Box art

Vertical Horizon discography

Flattens and broadens the tongue

Vertical Position Relative (ANSI)

Vertical piano

Vertical fire-tube boilers

Vertical Distribution of Ice in Arctic Clouds (VERDI) is the name of a German research project on the topic of Arctic clouds. Measurements within this project were conducted in April and May 2012 around Inuvik, Canada, organized by the University of Leipzig. The project aims at an improvement of knowledge about the effects of clouds in the Arctic climate system. The main question within VERDI is the distribution of ice crystals and liquid water droplets within the clouds.

Vertical horse jump

A vertical agreement is a term used in competition law to denote agreements between firms at different levels of the supply chain. For instance, a manufacturer of consumer electronics might have a vertical agreement with a retailer according to which the latter would promote their products in return for lower prices. Franchising is a form of vertical agreement, and under European Union competition law this falls within the scope of Article 101.Whether a vertical agreement actually restricts competition and whether in that case the benefits outweigh the anti-competitive effects will often depend on the market structure.

Hitoshi Okuno

Vertical intercept

A vertical blank interrupt (or VBI) is a hardware feature found in some computer systems that generate a video display. Typical video display circuits generate vertical blanking and vertical sync' pulses when the display picture has completed and the raster is being returned to the start of the display.

Vertical formation skydiving

Vertical refresh rate

Vertical Limit (song)

imp

Six Flags Great America

Vertical disintegration refers to a specific organizational form of industrial production. As opposed to vertical integration, in which production occurs within a singular organization, vertical disintegration means that various diseconomies of scale or scope have broken a production process into separate companies, each performing a limited subset of activities required to create a finished product.Filmed entertainment was once highly vertically integrated into a studio system whereby a few large studios handled everything from production to theatrical presentation. After the second world war, the industry was broken into small fragments, each specializing on particular tasks within the division of labor required to produce and show a finished piece of filmed entertainment. Hollywood became highly vertically disintegrated, with specialized firms who only performed certain tasks such as editing, special effects, trailers etc. Bell System divestiture had a similar effect on a larger industry later in the 20th century.One major reason for vertical disintegration is to share risk. Also, in some cases, smaller firms can be more responsive to changes in market conditions. Vertical disintegration is thus more likely when operating in volatile markets. Stability and standardized products more typically engender integration, as it provides the benefits of scale economies.The geography of a disintegrated industry is not a given. Economic geographers typically differentiate between knowledge-intensive, volatile, unstandardized activities, and standardized, routinized production. The former tend to be clustered in space, as they require proximity to build a common conceptual framework and share new ideas. The latter can be far flung and are exemplified by global commodity chains such as apparel and automotive industries. Even in those industries however, design and other creative and non-repetitive tasks tend to exhibit some geographical clustering.

Al Nalli and Eddy Offord

Vertical occipital fasciculi

Vertical Smiles is the seventh studio album by Southern rock band Blackfoot.It is the second and last album to feature former Uriah Heep keyboardist Ken Hensley and the first without guitarist Charlie Hargrett who left during the recording of the album over disagreements with the rest of the band and management.

Vertical curve

Operating

Sergei Tarasov

Available

Vertical platformer

Vertical line test

Tsutomu Komiyama
Vertical Force is a vertically scrolling shooter, with two layers (to utilize the 3-D features of the system) for Nintendo's Virtual Boy video game system. It was developed by Hudson Soft and released in 1995.

A vertical ecosystem is an architectural gardening system developed by Ignacio Solano from the mur vegetalise created by Patrick Blanc. This new approach enhances the previous archetype of mur vegetal and considers the relationship that exists between a set of living organisms, biocenosis, inhabiting a physical component, biotope. The system is based on the automated control of nutrients and plant parameters of the original wall, adding strains of bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and interspecific symbiosis in plant selection, creating an artificial ecosystem from inert substrates. The system was created in 2007 and patented in 2010.Amongst the abiotic factors which influence vertical ecosystems, namely the substrate and its environmental conditions, the physio-chemical characteristics possessed by the means are decisive. The texture, porosity and depth of the substrate, those which in a natural ecosystem are edaphic factors, have been tested to the point of finding fitogenerate materials which present perfect levels of absorption and humidity for the development of more than forty living families of plants represented by around 120 species. Moreover, the substrate used in the system developed by Ignacio Solano provides the ecosystem with the necessary resistance to serve as a high-durability biotope.Environmental factors such as light, temperature and humidity are controlled by automated systems in interior vertical ecosystems. Ecosystems that are situated outside require study and analysis of the natural variables of their particular area, combined with a study of the behaviour of the numerous plant species which are incorporated into the biotope in each location. The selection and combination of species is one of the key factors for correct development. This is known as positive allelopathy.Hydrological factors, such as pH levels, the conductivity of the water, dissolved gases and salinity, are balanced with precision so that the hydroponic system functions at its maximum capacity. The objective required by this system is to incorporate all the nutrients and micronutrients necessary for the health of the plants, and therefore the whole ecosystem, in a constant manner. In order to control these variables, the vertical ecosystem implements a system of sensors and warnings which inform of any anomaly of measurements in real time, allowing remote monitoring and control of the system.Vertical ecosystems enable plant species, fungi and bacteria to live in an environment of almost unlimited resources, generating interactions favourable to the system. In this way, they encourage healthy and exponential growth in their evolutionary stages, until they manage to adjust to their maximum value, known as the load capacity: the optimum capacity of living species interacting without stress in a limited space in search of mutualisms and intraspecific associations from which all the species involved can benefit. The success of a vertical ecosystem depends on the control of abiotic and biotic factors which limit the growth of plant populations, the control of what we refer to as environmental resistance.Vertical ecosystems, in order to considerably prolong the life of the species planted there with respect to their previous versions, result in the benefits of a traditional vertical garden: the absorption of CO2, heavy metals and dust, its usefulness as natural thermal insulation and as a reducer of noise pollution, among others.

Logo

Vertical direct effect

Vertical-exaggeration

Verthandi

In production

Vertical asymptotes

Vertical boiler

Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing

Vertical agreement

Vertical boiler with horizontal fire-tubes

* Rich Goldberg
* Mitch Budin
* Peter Jarowey

Lejos de Usted

Vertical Speed Indicator

Vertical After was an independent band based in Vancouver, BC and Seattle, WA whose music genre varied from "Thrash Metal to Pop to Punk". They were widely known for their creative music and wide range of styles. The band is noted most importantly for their elaborate rock videos, which was aired repeatedly on Canada's Much Music nationwide music station. The band had a total output of 4 CD albums and apart from that, they spent much of the period from 1989 to 2003 playing hundreds of concert club shows the USA, Canada, and Europe. Vertical After toured all over North America promoting their videos and albums including 1999's Pop Goes Death, mixed by Doug Pinnick of King's X, and 2002's Bloody Murdo co-produced by Stuart Carruthers of Grip Inc. Some of their famous support-openings included Twisted Sister in New York, Iron Maiden's lead vocalist Bruce Dickinson in Los Angeles, Ice T's Body Count and other acts including King's X around the country.Vertical After was known among music critics for mixing up the genres way before System of a Down had success with Chop Suey. The band received positive to mixed reviews for their music. They were recognized due to their diehard fanbase and for promoting their own band at a scope beyond what most independent bands in their genre would do. During their initial years, they were one of the few bands who were sold out at Commodore Ballroom.After the band semi-retired in 2003, Kick and Markus McCallum went on to form Stress Factor 9 with members of the million album selling Annihilator's "Alice in Hell" including Randy Rampage.

Vertical Integration Building

Vertical mobility refers to a person or group's movement up or down a status hierarchy. This is commonly referred to as social mobility, yet vertical mobility can also refer to any movement up or down a hierarchy of any kind, not necessarily related to social status in the same way that social mobility is.

Vertical Formation Skydiving

Sol

Vertical blanking interval

Vertical flute

Circa 1990

Vertical curve (rail)

Vertical bear spreads

Steve Fekete

Vertical Innovation

Vertical Queue

Vertical Shoot Positioned Trellis

Vertical retailer

Vertical replenishment

Vertical of power

Vertical Hummingbird

Vertical community

A vertical fire-tube boiler or vertical multitubular boiler is a vertical boiler where the heating surface is composed of multiple small fire-tubes, arranged vertically.These boilers were not common, owing to drawbacks with excessive wear in service. The more common form of vertical boiler, which was very similar in external appearance, instead used a single flue and water-filled cross-tubes.

Atco Records

Vertical cut recording

Vertical integration

Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), also known as stomach stapling, is a restrictive operation for weight control. Both a band and staples are used to create a small stomach pouch. In the bottom of the pouch is an approximate one-centimeter hole through which the pouch contents can flow into the remainder of the stomach and thence onto the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract.Stomach stapling is a restrictive technique for managing obesity. The pouch limits the amount of food a patient can eat at one time and slows passage of the food. Stomach stapling is more effective when combined with a malabsorptive technique, in which part of the digestive tract is bypassed, reducing the absorption of calories and nutrients. Combined restrictive and malabsorptive techniques are called gastric bypass techniques, of which Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RGB) is the most common. In this technique, staples are used to form a pouch that is connected to the small intestine, bypassing the lower stomach, the duodenum, and the first portion of the jejunum.This type of weight loss surgery is losing favor as more doctors begin using the adjustable gastric band. The newer adjustable band does not require cutting into the stomach and does not use any staple lines, thus making it a much safer alternative.

Vertical circle

Vertical plate

Vertical Monopoly

Vertical of Power

Vertcoin

Vertical ellipsis

Vertical boilers with horizontal firetubes

United States

Vertical Press

In mathematics, the vertical line test is a visual way to determine if a curve is a graph of a function or not. A function can only have one output, y, for each unique input, x. If a vertical line intersects a curve on an xy-plane more than once then for one value of x the curve has more than one value of y, and so, the curve does not represent a function. If all vertical lines intersect a curve at most once then the curve represents a function.To use the vertical line test, take a ruler or other straight edge and draw a line parallel to the y-axis for any chosen value of x. If the vertical line you drew intersects the graph more than once for any value of x then the graph is not the graph of a function. If, alternatively, a vertical line intersects the graph no more than once, no matter where the vertical line is placed, then the graph is the graph of a function. For example, a curve which is any straight line other than a vertical line will be the graph of a function. As another example, a sideways parabola (one whose directrix is a vertical line) is not the graph of a function because some vertical lines will intersect the parabola twice.

Vertical Distribution of Ice in Arctic Clouds (VERDI) is the name of a German research project on the topic of Arctic clouds. Measurements within this project were conducted in April and May 2012 around Inuvik, Canada, organized by the University of Leipzig. The project aims at an improvement of knowledge about the effects of clouds in the Arctic climate system. The main question within VERDI is the distribution of ice crystals and liquid water droplets within the clouds. That distribution depends on various parameters, such as temperature and the cloud's life cycle.

Fiction, comedy

Vertical Slice

Vertical Blue is a free-diving school that operates at Dean's Blue Hole, in The Bahamas, and is presided over by freediving world record holder William Trubridge. It is also the name of the annual AIDA International judged freediving competition run at the same location, which since April 2008 has presided over multiple world and national records for athletes coming from countries all over the world.On November 17, 2013, American free-diver Nicholas Mevoli died after attempting to set an American record during a Vertical Blue competition at Dean's Blue Hole.

Vertical caving

Vertical Blue

Vertical market software

Short

Vertical city

Gennadi Voropaev

Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG), also known as stomach stapling, is a restrictive operation for weight control. Both a band and staples are used to create a small stomach pouch. In the bottom of the pouch is an approximate one-centimeter hole through which the pouch contents can flow into the remainder of the stomach and thence onto the remainder of the gastrointestinal tract.Stomach stapling is a restrictive technique for managing obesity.

Vertical (disambiguation)

In mathematics, the vertical line test is a visual way to determine if a curve is a graph of a function or not. A function can only have one output, y, for each unique input, x. If a vertical line intersects a curve on an xy-plane more than once then for one value of x the curve has more than one value of y, and so, the curve does not represent a function.

Vertical Blanking Interval

Vertical Fiscal Equalization

Vertical (music)

Vertical clitoral hood piercing

Vertical monopoly

Odd Noxious

Vertical clearance

Vertical market software is aimed at addressing the needs of any given business within a discernible vertical market (specific industry or market). While horizontal market software can be useful to a wide array of industries (such as word processors or spreadsheet programs), vertical market software is developed for and customized to a specific industry's needs.Vertical market software is readily identifiable by the application specific graphical user interface which defines it. One example of vertical market software is point-of-sale software.

Vertical Interval Timecode

Vertical cavity surface emitting laser

Vertical Caving

The term vertical resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank to describe single-gene resistance. This contrasted the term horizontal resistance which was used to describe many-gene resistance. Raoul A. Robinson further refined the definition of vertical resistance, emphasizing that in vertical resistance there are single genes for resistance in the host plant, and there are also single genes for parasitic ability in the parasite.

Vertical de Aviacion

A vertical-lift bridge or just lift bridge is a type of movable bridge in which a span rises vertically while remaining parallel with the deck.The vertical lift offers several benefits over other movable bridges such as the bascule and swing-span bridge. Generally speaking they cost less to build for longer moveable spans. The counterweights in a vertical lift are only required to be equal to the weight of the deck, whereas bascule bridge counterweights must weigh several times as much as the span being lifted. As a result, heavier materials can be used in the deck, and so this type of bridge is especially suited for heavy railroad use.Although most vertical-lift bridges use towers, each equipped with counterweights, some use hydraulic jacks located below the deck. An example is the 52-foot (16 m) span bridge at St Paul Avenue in Milwaukee (see also table bridges). Another design used balance beams to lift the deck, with pivoting bascules located on the top of the lift towers. An example of this kind was built at La Salle in Illinois, USA.The biggest disadvantage to the vertical-lift bridge (in comparison with many other designs) is the height restriction for vessels passing under it. This is a result of the deck remaining suspended above the passageway.

Vertical Vision Cantu

Vertical cross-tube boiler

Inferior surface borders of tongue

In a raster graphics display, the vertical blanking interval (VBI), also known as the vertical interval or VBLANK, is the time between the end of the final line of a frame or field and the beginning of the first line of the next frame. It is present in analog television, VGA, DVI and other signals. During the VBI, the incoming data stream is not displayed on the screen. In raster cathode ray tube displays, the beam is blanked to avoid displaying the retrace line; see raster scan for details. The signal source, such as a television broadcast, does not supply image information during the blanking period.The VBI was originally needed because of the inductive inertia of the magnetic coils which deflect the electron beam vertically in a CRT; the magnetic field, and hence the position being drawn, cannot change instantly. Additionally, the speed of older circuits was limited. For horizontal deflection, there is also a pause between successive lines, to allow the beam to return from right to left, called the horizontal retrace or horizontal blanking interval. Modern CRT circuitry does not require such a long blanking interval, and thin panel displays require none, but the standards were established when the delay was needed (and to allow the continued use of older equipment). Blanking of a CRT may not be perfect due to equipment faults or brightness set very high; in this case a white retrace line shows on the screen, from bottom right to top left.In analog television systems the vertical blanking interval can be used for datacasting (to carry digital data), since nothing sent during the VBI is displayed on the screen; various test signals, time codes, closed captioning, teletext, CGMS-A copy-protection indicators, and various data encoded by the XDS protocol (e.g., the content ratings for V-chip use) and other digital data can be sent during this time period. In U.S. analog broadcast television, line 19 was reserved for a ghost-cancelling signal; line 21 was reserved for captioning data. The obsolete Teletext service contemplated the use of line 22 for data transmission.The pause between sending video data is used in real time computer graphics to perform various operations on the back buffer before copying it to the front buffer instead of just switching both pointers, or to provide a time reference for when switching such pointers is safe.In video game systems the vertical blanking pulses are extensively used to time the plotting of new graphics/removal of old ones in order to avoid screen tearing, as they occur at an accurately known frequency, and many systems up to the 16-bit era featured games and other graphical programs where drawing was conducted during the blanking interval for this reason. Cases where synchronising game code this way was more necessary than preferable made early video game systems such as the Atari 2600 difficult to program.Special raster techniques on the Atari 2600, Nintendo Entertainment System, and other consoles allowed extending this interval at the cost of some blank scanlines at the top or bottom of the screen, which may or may not end up in the overscan area. The use of double buffering in modern graphics hardware has rendered these techniques obsolete.Most consumer VCRs use the known black level of the vertical blanking pulse to set their recording levels. The Macrovision copy protection scheme inserts pulses in the VBI, where the recorder expects a constant level, to disrupt recording to videotapes.

Vertical hold

Vertical beam

Vertical Horizon performing at the Hartford Block Party in 2010.

Yankee Harbor

Vertex packing

Vertical penetration

Vertical redundancy check

Vertical mobility

Vertical bar (punctuation)

Vertical scaling

Vertical position

Vertical Prototype

An animation showing how a vertical-lift bridge operates with vehicular and shipping traffic

Vertical muscle of the tongue

Vertical Features Remake

Vertical handover or vertical handoff refers to a network node changing the type of connectivity it uses to access a supporting infrastructure, usually to support node mobility. For example, a suitably equipped laptop might be able to use both a high speed wireless LAN and a cellular technology for Internet access. Wireless LAN connections generally provide higher speeds, while cellular technologies generally provide more ubiquitous coverage. Thus the laptop user might want to use a wireless LAN connection whenever one is available, and to 'fall over' to a cellular connection when the wireless LAN is unavailable. Vertical handovers refer to the automatic fallover from one technology to another in order to maintain communication. This is different from a 'horizontal handover' between different wireless access points that use the same technology in that a vertical handover involves changing the data link layer technology used to access the network.Vertical handoffs between WLAN and UMTS (WCDMA) have attracted a great deal of attention in all the research areas of the 4G wireless network, due to the benefit of utilizing the higher bandwidth and lower cost of WLAN as well as better mobility support and larger coverage of UMTS. Vertical handovers among a range of wired and wireless access technologies including WiMAX can be achieved using Media independent handover which is standardized as IEEE 802.21.

Vertical pulldown

In astronomy, a vertical circle is a great circle on the celestial sphere that is perpendicular to the horizon. Therefore, it passes through the zenith and the nadir. There is a vertical circle for any given azimuth, where azimuth is the angle measured east from the north on the celestial horizon. The vertical circle which is on the east-west direction is called the prime vertical.

The Wizard of Montara

Vertical polarization

Vertical formation skydiving (VFS) is a subcategory of formation skydiving using high-speed body positions normally associated with freeflying. Competitors build pre-selected formations in free-fall with multiple people gripping each other's limbs or specially built "grippers" on their jumpsuits.The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) world record for the largest VFS free-fall formation is a 164-way, set on July 31, 2015 over Chicago, Illinois, United States. [1]Project Horizon, the Lodi Sequentials, VFS Arizona and several other yearly invitational skydiving events are centered on pushing the boundaries of VFS.

Vertical lashing

Vertical rides

Dave Shiba

Vertical marketing

Vertical curves

Vertical (angles)

Tahitian Pearl

A Vertical Race is a special kind of ski mountaineering without the typical downhill skiing after ascending. At the mountain running and climbing passages the runners have to carry their skis in their backpacks. Vertical Races for women and men are part of all international ski mountaineering competitions of the International Council for Ski Mountaineering Competitions (ISMC) as well as at many national competitions. The Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme (UIAA)is working toward the goal of having Vertical Race become an Olympic discipline at the 2018 Winter Olympics, .

Twisted Impulse

Vertical Hummingbird 260L

three passengers

Coronal section of tongue, showing intrinsic muscles.

Vertical line

Vertical replenishment, or VERTREP is a method of supply of seaborne vessels by helicopter. The United States Department of Defense defines VERTREP as:...the transfer of cargo between ships using helicopters. VERTREP is often used to supplement connected replenishment. Weapons loads, generally limited to 1,800 kg (4,000 pounds), are transferred from the supply ship to the flight deck of the amphibious ship.

Vertical fiscal imbalance

Vertex weighting