Astronomical constant

"this way to the stars"

Astronomical theory of climate change

Astronomical Observatory

oil on canvas

At the 2012 General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union (IAU; the international body for professional astronomy), the organising committee of IAU Commission 5 (Data and Information) requested the creation of a list of Astronomical Acronyms on Wikipedia. This list of acronyms and initials is not definitive but reflects current usage amongst professional astronomers.

Astronomical transit

Astronomsko društvo Ruđer Bošković

Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Moonchild: Songs Without Words

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Astronomical easter

Astronomical distances

Scott Roberts

Astronomical Observatory-II

Astronomical Journal

Astronom Kopernik, czyli rozmowa z Bogiem

Astronomical Observatory of Vilnius University

Astronomical radio source

Astronomical group

Astronomia.pl

Astronomical Observatory of Quito

Astronomer (Wild Cards)

English

Tim DeBenedictis

Astronomical Society of Victoria

Astronomical League

Astronomical latitude

Astronomica (album)

Astronomical summer

Astronomical Multi-Beam Recombiner

Popular Observatory in Belgrade's instruments.jpg

over 700 people

Astronomical X-ray sources

Astronomical observatory of capodimonte

Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series (ASPCS)

The Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences was founded in 1953, when the state observatory on Skalnaté Pleso (founded in 1943 by Dr. Bečvář) got a status of astronomical institute and became one of the founding institutes of the newly born Slovakian Academy of Sciences. In memories of past and current employees, the institute and the observatory on Skalnaté Pleso were always blended in one and therefore one could consider for the year of the institute foundation already the 1943.

The Astronomical League is an umbrella organization of amateur astronomy societies.

Astronomiska observatoriet i Uppsala

The Astronomical Society of Southern Africa (ASSA), formed in 1922, is a widespread body consisting of both amateur and professional astronomers. The Council of ASSA meets by Skype. There are eight autonomous centres throughout Southern Africa.

An astronomical survey is a general map or image of a region of the sky which lacks a specific observational target. Alternatively, an astronomical survey may comprise a set of many images or spectra of objects which share a common type or feature. Surveys are often restricted to one band of the electromagnetic spectrum due to instrumental limitations, although multiwavelength surveys can be made by using multiple detectors, each sensitive to a different bandwidth.

Astronomical season

In astronomy, nutation is a phenomenon which causes the orientation of the axis of rotation of a spinning astronomical object to vary over time. It is caused by the gravitational forces of other nearby bodies acting upon the spinning object. Although they are essentially the same effect operating over different timescales, astronomers usually make a distinction between precession, which is a steady long-term change in the axis of rotation, and nutation, which is the combined effect of similar shorter-term variations.An example of precession and nutation is the variation over time of the orientation of the axis of rotation of the Earth. This is important because the most commonly used frame of reference for measurement of the positions of astronomical objects is the Earth's equator — the so-called equatorial coordinate system. The effect of precession and nutation causes this frame of reference itself to change over time, relative to an arbitrary fixed frame.Nutation is one of the corrections which must be applied to obtain the apparent place of an astronomical object. When calculating the position of an object, it is initially expressed relative to the mean equinox and equator — defined by the orientation of the Earth's axis at a specified date, taking into account the long-term effect of precession, but not the shorter-term effects of nutation. It is then necessary to apply a further correction to take into account the effect of nutation, after which the position relative to the true equinox and equator is obtained.Because the dynamic motions of the planets are so well known, their nutations can be calculated to within arcseconds over periods of many decades. There is another disturbance of the Earth's rotation called polar motion that can be estimated for only a few months into the future because it is influenced by rapidly and unpredictably varying things such as ocean currents, wind systems, and hypothesised motions in the liquid nickel-iron outer core of the Earth.

Astronomical coordinate system

The Astronomical Netherlands Satellite (ANS; also known as Astronomische Nederlandse Satelliet) was a space-based X-ray and ultraviolet telescope. It was launched into Earth orbit on 30 August 1974 at 14:07:39 UTC in a Scout rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, United States. The mission ran for 20 months until June 1976, and was jointly funded by the Netherlands Institute for Space Research (NIVR) and NASA.

Astronomical gamma-ray source

Astronomica (disambiguation)

Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio, which radiates from stars and other hot celestial objects. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many properties of distant stars and galaxies, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance, luminosity, and relative motion using Doppler shift measurements.

Astronomical navigation

Astronomical designation

Astronomical aberration

February 2013

Astronomical timer

Astronomical Almanac

Astronomical observatories in Ukraine

yes

The Astronomical League is an umbrella organization of amateur astronomy societies. Currently their membership consists of over 240 organizations across the United States, along with a number of Members-at-Large, Patrons, and Supporting members.The mission of the Astronomical League is to promote the science of astronomy through encouraging public interest via local astronomy clubs.The Astronomical League provides a number of observing awards to members locating and describing certain specified astronomical objects or events, and produces a periodical publication, The Reflector.The Astronomical League is an alliance organization of the Meade 4M Community who supports the League's National Young Astronomer's Award and the Leslie C. Peltier Award.

Astronomical coordinate

Paranormal and pseudoscientific claims regarding astronomical bodies involve both bodies recognized by the scientific community and those known only from the claims themselves. A wide variety of movements are represented among those claiming knowledge regarding astronomical bodies gained through nonscientific means. These include astrologers, alien abductees, alien contactees, New Age practitioners UFO religions and more.

Astronomical Observatory of Trieste (Italian: Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste or OAT) is an astronomical center of studies located in the city of Trieste in northern Italy.The observatory traces its origins from the Nautical School founded in Trieste by the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria in 1753.

Astronomical society of southern africa

Astronomical seeing refers to the blurring and twinkling of astronomical objects such as stars caused by turbulent mixing in the Earth's atmosphere that causes variations of the optical refractive index.

Astronomical twilight

Astronomer Royal for Scotland

Astronomical catalogue

Astronomical ceiling decoration in its earliest form can be traced to the Tomb of Senemut (Theban tomb no. 353), located at the site of Deir el-Bahri, Egypt. The tomb and the ceiling decorations date back to the 18th Dynasty of ancient Egypt (ca. 1473 B.C.).

Hard X-Ray

Astronomer Copernicus, or Conversations with God

Astronomical refraction

Astronomical algorithm

Astronomical observatories in Washington, D.C.

Astronomers and Astrophysicists

Astronomical calendars

Tzadik TZ 7359

Astronomical observatories

Astronomers from the USSR

Goncalo alves

Victoria, Australia

Astronomia.pl team

Astronomer of Limoges

Astronomische Nederlandse Satellite

The Astronomical Almanac is an almanac published by the United States Naval Observatory (USNO) and Her Majesty's Nautical Almanac Office (HMNAO); it also includes data supplied by many scientists from around the world. It is considered a worldwide resource for fundamental astronomical data, often being the first publication to incorporate new International Astronomical Union resolutions. The almanac largely contains solar system ephemeris and catalogs of selected stellar and extragalactic objects. The material appears in sections, each section addressing a specific astronomical category. The book also includes references to the material, explanations, and examples. It is available one year in advance of its date.The Astronomical Almanac Online is a companion to the printed volume. It is designed to broaden the scope of the publication, not duplicate the data. In addition to ancillary information, the Astronomical Almanac Online extends the printed version by providing data best presented in machine-readable form.The Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac, currently in its third edition (2013), provides detailed discussion of usage and data reduction methods used by the Almanac. It covers its history, significance, sources, methods of computation, and use of the data. Because the Astronomical Almanac prints primarily positional data, this book goes into great detail on techniques to get astronomical positions. Earlier editions of the supplement were published in 1961 and in 1992.

The Astronomical Society of New South Wales (ASNSW) is an amateur astronomy club in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It was founded in 1954 and it has over 400 members.The Society's objectives are stated in its constitution as follows: "The ASNSW exists to bring together people interested in Astronomy and related sciences, and to promote public interest and education in Astronomy. The ASNSW provides members and the general public access to Astronomical observing facilities, educational lectures, and assistance in selecting, using and even building telescopes and related instruments."The Society has sections dedicated to providing support for members interested in specific aspects of astronomy, including astrophotography, computing, solar observing, the Solar System, double and variable star observing, deep sky observing and telescope making. It also runs two dedicated observing sites, one at Mount Bowen near Sydney and the other near the country town of Ilford, far from the city lights.

Astronomers Without Borders

Astronomical society

Astronomia.pl was a Polish portal about astronomy and space research created in 2001 and worked until 2015. It was the largest portal about astronomy and space in Poland in the years of its activity, and it was reaching 100 000 users monthly. The portal hosted over 3000 articles. The full name of Astronomia.pl was Polish Astronomy Portal (Polski Portal Astronomiczny in Polish). The website was run in Polish, however a small part of it was also in English.

Astronomical calendars in Gotland

Astronomical club

Astronomers of the USSR

Executive Director

Astronomers Telegram

Astronomers from Russia

Astronomical symbols are symbols used to represent astronomical objects, theoretical constructs and observational events in astronomy. The earliest forms of these symbols appear in Greek papyri of late antiquity. The Byzantine codices in which the Greek papyri were preserved continued and extended the inventory of astronomical symbols. New symbols were further invented to represent many just-discovered planets and minor planets discovered in the 18th-20th centuries.All these symbols were once commonly used by professional astronomers, amateur astronomers, and astrologers. While they are still commonly used in almanacs and astrological publications, their occurrence in published research and texts on astronomy is relatively infrequent, with some exceptions such as the Sun and Earth symbols appearing in astronomical constants, and certain zodiacal signs used to represent the solstices and equinoxes.Unicode has formally assigned codepoints to most symbols, mainly in Miscellaneous Symbols Block (2600-26FF) and Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs Block (1F300-1F5FF).

Astronomical clock (Besancon)

Astronomical ceiling of Senemut Tomb

Astronome

Astronomical Society

Astronomica

Tom Meneghini

Astronomical Units

Astronomische Gesellschaft

gee

One People, One Sky

Astronomical clocks

Astronomer royal

Moonchild

Astronomical Observatory of Palermo

AstronomyCast

non-profit Incorporated association

Astronomic telescope

Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

An astronomical filter is a telescope accessory used by amateur astronomers to simply enhance the details of celestial objects (much as with amateur photography). By contrast professional astronomers rigorously use filters on telescopes in order to understand the astrophysics (such as stellar classification and placement of a celestial body on its Wien Curve), occurring for the object in a given bandpass via photometry.Most astronomical filters work by blocking a specific part of the color spectrum above and below a bandpass, significantly increasing the signal to noise of the interesting wavelengths, and so making the object gain detail and contrast. While the color filters transmit certain colors from the spectrum and are usually used for observation of the planets and the Moon, the polarizing filters work by adjusting the brightness, and are usually used for the Moon. The broadband and narrowband filters transmit the wavelengths that are emitted by the nebulae (by the Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms), and are frequently used for reducing light pollution.

Astronomical Julian calendar

Astronomical Society of New South Wales

FORTRAN and C

Astronomist

John Spencer

Astronomical instruments

Astronomers

Astronomers from the Soviet Union

Uninhabited

Astronomical Observatory Belgrade

Kalemegdan Belgrade2.jpg

Astronomical Unit

The Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte (Italian: Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte) is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Italy's Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (National Institute for Astrophysics, INAF). It is located in Naples, Italy, on the hill of Capodimonte.

Astronomy &Astrophysics

Astronomica: The Quest for the Edge of the Universe is an educational game made by Hyper-Quest, Inc. in 1994 for Macintosh and Windows 3.x. The game developers purposely made the game's main character a girl, explaining "Younger girls are often left out of multimedia games, so we made the main character in Astronomica a girl".

Founder & President

Astronomical observatories in the United States

Astronomical day

Dr. Linda Shore

ASNSW

The Astronomical Society of Victoria (ASV) is an amateur astronomy club in the state of Victoria, Australia. It was founded in 1922, making it one of the oldest such clubs in the country, and with some 1000 members it claims to be one of the largest amateur astronomy organisations in the southern hemisphere.

Astronomical year numbering

Astronomical Notes

Astronomical Observatory of Farra d'Isonzo

Astronomical spectroscopy

Astronomical objects named after people

Astronomers Without Borders (AWB) is a United States organization founded by Mike Simmons and Anousheh Ansari, dedicated to spreading astronomy throughout the world, by getting people in developed countries to sponsor the purchase of equipment and training for people in undeveloped countries.

Astronium

Astronoka

The Astronomical Image Processing System (AIPS) is a software package to support the reduction and analysis of data taken with radio telescopes. Developed predominantly for use with the then under-construction VLA, the generality inherent in its design allowed it to become the standard data-reduction package for most radio interferometers, including VLBI. Limited single-dish capability is also featured. Although partially replaced by CASA, it continues to evolve and remains widely used.

Astronomical seeing

Astronomical surveys

Astronomical event

Astronomus

Astronomical Society Ruder Boskovic

The Astronomical Society of Victoria (ASV) is an amateur astronomy club in the state of Victoria, Australia. It was founded in 1922, making it one of the oldest such clubs in the country, and with some 1000 members it claims to be one of the largest amateur astronomy organisations in the southern hemisphere. Membership is open to all with an interest in astronomy, and the society caters for people with a wide range of ages, backgrounds, abilities and interests.The society has sections dedicated to providing support for members interested in specific aspects of astronomy, including astro-photography, comets, radio astronomy, solar observing, variable stars, and deep sky observing. It owns a suburban property which is used as the Lodge and Observatory / workshop, and it also runs the Leon Mow (/ˈliːɒnmaʊ/)[ Dark Sky Site, located north of Melbourne. Its major project is the restoration of the Great Melbourne Telescope.

The Astronomical Society of South Australia (ASSA) was founded in 1892 and is the oldest society of its kind in Australia. It is the only representative body for amateur astronomy in the state of South Australia. It holds regular general monthly meetings, frequent meetings for members of specialised groups and has available two observatories, one with a 300mm telescope at The Heights School within easy reach of Adelaide and used primarily for public viewing, and a second at Stockport with 500mm and 450mm telescopes presently in service and a larger 36-inch instrument currently being considered.

Astronomical observatory

Astronomical epoch

Astronomical scales

Astronomica: The Quest for the Edge of the Universe

The Astronomical Society of India (ASI) is an Indian society of professional astronomers and other professionals from related disciplines. It was founded in 1972, with Vainu Bappu being the founder President of the Society, and as of 2010 has a membership of approximately 1000. Its registered office is at the Astronomy Department, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India. Its primary objective is the promotion of Astronomy and related branches of science.

Astronomische Nederlandse Satelliet

Jan Matejko-Astronomer Copernicus-Conversation with God.jpg

Astronomical bodies

The Astronomical Society Of Glasgow (ASG) was founded in 1954 in Glasgow, Scotland, by amateur astronomers and is dedicated to promoting an interest in Astronomy.

Astronomische Gesellschaft in der Britischen Zone

Astronomical magnitude

Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences

The flight spare for the satellite

Mike Simmons

Astronomical seeing refers to the blurring and twinkling of astronomical objects such as stars caused by turbulent mixing in the Earth's atmosphere that causes variations of the optical refractive index. The astronomical seeing conditions on a given night at a given location describe how much the Earth's atmosphere perturbs the images of stars as seen through a telescope.The most common seeing measurement is the diameter (or more correctly the full width at half maximum or FWHM) of the optical intensity across the seeing disc (the point spread function for imaging through the atmosphere). The FWHM of the point spread function (loosely called seeing disc diameter or "seeing") is a reference to the best possible angular resolution which can be achieved by an optical telescope in a long photographic exposure, and corresponds to the FWHM of the fuzzy blob seen when observing a point-like source (such as a star) through the atmosphere. The size of the seeing disc is determined by the astronomical seeing conditions at the time of the observation. The best conditions give a seeing disk diameter of ~0.4 arcseconds and are found at high-altitude observatories on small islands such as Mauna Kea or La Palma.Seeing is one of the biggest problems for Earth-based astronomy: while large telescopes have theoretically milli-arcsecond resolution, the real image will never be better than the average seeing disc during the observation. This can easily mean a factor of 100 between the potential and practical resolution. Starting in the 1990s, new adaptive optics have been introduced that can help correct for these effects, dramatically improving the resolution of ground based telescopes.

In astronomy, nutation is a phenomenon which causes the orientation of the axis of rotation of a spinning astronomical object to vary over time. It is caused by the gravitational forces of other nearby bodies acting upon the spinning object.

Astronomical scale

Astronomy: Obesrvations and Theories

Astronomical radio sources are objects in outer space that emit strong radio waves. Radio emission comes from a wide variety of sources. Such objects represent some of the most extreme and energetic physical processes in the universe.

Astronomische Vereinigung Karntens

Babak Tafreshi

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa

Astronome is an album by John Zorn featuring the "Moonchild Trio" of Joey Baron, Mike Patton and Trevor Dunn. It is the second album by the trio, following Moonchild: Songs Without Words.Theater director Richard Foreman staged an opera Astronome: A Night At The Opera: An Initiation based on this album which premiered at the Ontological-Hysteric Theater on February 5, 2009 and ran through April 5, 2009.

Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflets

Astronomical Acronyms

The Astronomical Observatory of the University of the Punjab is an astronomical observatory, located in Lahore at the Quaid-i-Azam Campus of the University of the Punjab. The space observatory is operated by the University's Department of Space Science.

The Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog (AGK) is an astrometric star catalogue. Compilation for the first version, AGK1, was started in 1861 by Friedrich Argelander and published between 1890 and 1954, listing 200 000 stars down to ninth magnitude.The second version, AGK2, was started in the 1920s, and published between 1951 and 1958 using photographic data obtained from the Bonn and Hamburg Observatories.The third version, AGK3, was started in 1956 and published in 1975.

Astronomical X-ray source

Astronomer Copernicus, or Conversations with God (Polish: Astronom Kopernik, czyli rozmowa z Bogiem) is an oil painting by the Polish artist Jan Matejko, finished in 1873, depicting Nicolaus Copernicus observing the heavens from a balcony by a tower near the cathedral in Frombork (seen in the back).

Astronomer Ptolemy

The Astronomische Gesellschaft is an astronomical society established in 1863 in Heidelberg, the second oldest astronomical society after the Royal Astronomical Society.In 1882, the Astronomische Gesellschaft founded the Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams at Kiel, where it remained until during World War I when it was moved to the Østervold Observatory at Copenhagen, Denmark, to be operated there by the Copenhagen University Observatory.Around the turn of the 20th century the A.G. initiated the most important star catalog of this time, the Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog (AGK).The assembly in Danzig (now Gdańsk) in August 1939 was the last until a meeting at Göttingen in 1947, when it was re-commenced as Astronomische Gesellschaft in der Britischen Zone. The post-war editorial board consisted of Chairman Albrecht Unsöld (Kiel), Otto Heckmann, J. Larink, B. Straßl, Paul ten Bruggencate, and also Max Beyer representing the amateurs of the society.

Astronomical Observatory, Belgrade

Astronomical Observatory of Patacamaya

Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University)

Astronomical Society Ruđer Bošković

Active

Astronomical units of length

Astronomical year numbering is based on AD/CE year numbering, but follows normal decimal integer numbering more strictly. Thus, it has a year 0; the years before that are designated with negative numbers and the years after that are designated with positive numbers.

Astronomical imaging

Astronomer Royal for Ireland

Astronomical system of units

Astronomical society of the pacific

Astronomical symbols

AIPS

Astronomical society of negara brunei darussalam

Astronomical body

Astronomia

Astronomical calendars on Gotland

An astronomical catalog or catalogue is a list or tabulation of astronomical objects, typically grouped together because they share a common type, morphology, origin, means of detection, or method of discovery. Astronomical catalogs are usually the result of an astronomical survey of some kind.

Astronomers Without Borders (AWB) is a United States organization founded by Mike Simmons and Anousheh Ansari, dedicated to spreading astronomy throughout the world, by getting people in developed countries to sponsor the purchase of equipment and training for people in undeveloped countries. The group's aim is to create "goodwill and understanding" across all boundaries through the sharing of astronomy.The group was founded in 2007, and achieved official tax-free status in 2009, which was the International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009). AWB sponsored several events that year, including "The World at Night" and the 100 Hours of Astronomy IYA2009 Global Cornerstone Project. Utilizing important historical and natural settings across the globe, The World at Night created wide-angle images of the sky, in order to show the universality of star gazing. 100 Hours of Astronomy ran from April 2–5, 2009, the goal of which was to get as many people across the world to look through a telescope. The World at Night was the idea of Simmons and Babak A. Tafreshi, the editor of Iran's Nojum Magazine, the only astronomy magazine in the middle east.The group organizes Global Astronomy Month each April.

Astronomical photographer

Crux

Astronomical arts

worldwide

Astronomical transient

educational portal

The Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences was founded in 1954. Currently, it has its headquarters in Ondřejov observatory, roughly 35 km south-east from Prague and its director is Vladimír Karas.

The Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog (AGK) is an astrometric star catalogue. Compilation for the first version, AGK1, was started in 1861 by Friedrich Argelander and published between 1890 and 1954, listing 200 000 stars down to ninth magnitude.The second version, AGK2, was started in the 1920s, and published between 1951 and 1958 using photographic data obtained from the Bonn and Hamburg Observatories.The third version, AGK3, was started in 1956 and published in 1975. It contains 183,145 stars north of declination –2° with mean positional errors of ±0.13" and mean proper motion errors of ±0.009"/year.

Astronomical catalogues

An astronomical survey is a general map or image of a region of the sky which lacks a specific observational target. Alternatively, an astronomical survey may comprise a set of many images or spectra of objects which share a common type or feature. Surveys are often restricted to one band of the electromagnetic spectrum due to instrumental limitations, although multiwavelength surveys can be made by using multiple detectors, each sensitive to a different bandwidth. Surveys have generally been performed as part of the production of an astronomical catalog.

In astronomy, interferometry is used to combine signals from two or more telescopes to obtain measurements with higher resolution than could be obtained with either telescopes individually. This technique is the basis for astronomical interferometer arrays, which can make measurements of very small astronomical objects if the telescopes are spread out over a wide area.

Astronomy: Observations and Theories

An astronomical filter is a telescope accessory used by amateur astronomers to simply enhance the details of celestial objects (much as with amateur photography).

Astronomical Society Islands

Astronomical calendar

In ancient times, only the Sun and Moon, a few hundred stars and the most easily visible planets had names. Over the last few hundred years, the number of identified astronomical objects has risen from hundreds to over a billion, and more are discovered every year.

Astronomer Royal is a senior post in the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. There are two officers, the senior being the Astronomer Royal dating from 22 June 1675; the second is the Astronomer Royal for Scotland dating from 1834.The post was created by King Charles II in 1675, at the same time as he founded the Royal Observatory Greenwich. He appointed John Flamsteed, instructing him "forthwith to apply himself with the most exact care and diligence to the rectifying the tables of the motions of the heavens, and the places of the fixed stars, so as to find out the so-much desired longitude of places, for the perfecting the art of navigation."The Astronomer Royal was director of the Royal Observatory Greenwich from the establishment of the post in 1675 until 1972. The Astronomer Royal became an honorary title in 1972 without executive responsibilities and a separate post of Director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory was created to manage the institution.The Astronomer Royal today receives a stipend of 100 GBP per year and is a member of the Royal Household, under the general authority of the Lord Chamberlain. After the separation of the two offices, the position of Astronomer Royal has been largely honorary, though he remains available to advise the Sovereign on astronomical and related scientific matters, and the office is of great prestige.There was also formerly a Royal Astronomer of Ireland.

Astronomical coordinate systems

Astronium urundeuva

Astronomy(album)

Astronomical naming convention

Astronomical Easter

University of Illinois Astronomical Observatory

Astronomical dating

Astronomical naming conventions

Astronomy: Observations and Theories is a documentary television series that aired for one season in from 2005 to 2006. It consists of 20 twenty-eight-minute episodes which are also called lessons and are most often viewed on college-run public television stations.The series was directed by Peter Berkow, co-produced by Peter Berkow and Kris Koenig, with Laurie Melby and Dan Jones serving as Executive Producers and Steve Chollet as associate producer. The executive production company was Coast Learning Systems [1] and is affiliated with Coastline Community College [2]. The series was developed under the supervision of a National Academic Advisory team representing community colleges and universities all over the United States. Cinematographers include Anita Berkow and Kris Koenig. Film editing by Steve Chollet and Bruce Coykendall, and series writing credits go to Kris Koenig. Original music for Astronomy: Observations and Theories is by Scott Dugdale of WaveGroup Sound.

The Astronomical Society of New South Wales (ASNSW) is an amateur astronomy club in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It was founded in 1954 and it has over 400 members.The Society's objectives are stated in its constitution as follows: "The ASNSW exists to bring together people interested in Astronomy and related sciences, and to promote public interest and education in Astronomy.

An astronomical day refers to a length of day of exactly or nearly 24 hours beginning at noon instead of at midnight. The exact length has been variously defined as either that of a solar day or of a sidereal day.Astronomical days were historically used by astronomers (in contrast most commonly to solar days), but since the Industrial Revolution this usage has generally fallen out of favor, in order to avoid confusion with more conventional timekeeping.

The astronomical system of units, formally called the IAU (1976) System of Astronomical Constants, is a system of measurement developed for use in astronomy. It was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976, and has been significantly updated in 1994 and 2009 (see astronomical constant).The system was developed because of the difficulties in measuring and expressing astronomical data in International System of Units (SI units).

The Astronomical Society of Australia (ASA) is the professional body representing astronomers in Australia. Established in 1966, it is incorporated in the Australian Capital Territory. Membership of the ASA is open to people "capable of contributing to the advancement of astronomy or a closely related field". This means that the members are mainly active professional astronomers and postgraduate students.

Babak Sedehi

Astronomical nutation

Astronomical satellite

Astronomical opposition

The Astronomical Society of India (ASI) is an Indian society of professional astronomers and other professionals from related disciplines. It was founded in 1972, with Vainu Bappu being the founder President of the Society, and as of 2010 has a membership of approximately 1000. Its registered office is at the Astronomy Department, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India. Its primary objective is the promotion of Astronomy and related branches of science. It organises meetings, supports and tries to popularise Astronomy and related subjects and publishes the Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India.Prof. Rajaram Nityananda of the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Ganeshkhind, Pune is the Society's President.The Society makes a series of awards, the most prestigious of which is the Prof. M. K. Vainu Bappu Gold Medal awarded once every two years to "honour exceptional contributions to Astronomy and Astrophysics by young scientists anywhere in the world." Previous award winners include:1986 Yasuo Fukui1988 George Efstathiou and Shrinivas_Kulkarni1990 D.J. Saikia and Dipankar Bhattacharya1992 Pawan Kumar1994 Matthew Colless1996 Sarbani Basu1998 Peter Martinez2000 Biswajit Paul and Alycia J. Weinberger2002 Brian P. Schmidt2004 R. Srianand and Ray Jayawardhana2006 Banibrata Mukhopadhyay2008 Niayesh Afshordi and Nissim Kanekar2010 Marta Burgay and Parampreet SinghThe Society also runs two prestigious lectures: the Modali Endowment Lecture and the R. C. Gupta Endowment Lecture.

ANS

Astronomické observatórium Modra-Piesok

The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) is a scientific and educational organization, founded in San Francisco on February 7, 1889. Its name derives from its origins on the Pacific Coast, but today it has members all over the country and the world. It has the legal status of a nonprofit organization.It is the largest general astronomy education society in the world, with members from over 40 countries.The ASP's goal is to promote public interest in and awareness of astronomy (and increase scientific literacy) through its publications, web site, and many educational and outreach programs. These include:Project ASTRO - a national program that improves the teaching of astronomy and physical science (using hands-on inquiry-based activities) by pairing amateur and professional astronomers with 4th through 9th grade teachers and classes.Family ASTRO - a project that develops kits and games to help families enjoy astronomy in their leisure time and trains astronomers, educators, and community leadersAstronomy from the Ground Up - a national program to help educators at smaller science museums, nature centers and environmental education organizations create or enhance astronomy education programs.The Night Sky Network - a program with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory that supports a community of over 450 amateur astronomy clubs around the U.S. in public outreach activities, providing them with kits and training. The clubs have sky gazing events, solar viewings, and give presentations for the public.Classroom materials and resources in astronomy (many developed by the Society's educational staff) sold through their online AstroShop or made available free through their web siteThe ASP assists with astronomy education and outreach by partnering with other organizations both in the United States and internationally, and organizes an annual meeting to promote the appreciation and understanding of astronomy.Presidents of the ASP have included such notable astronomers as Edwin Hubble, George O. Abell, and Frank Drake. George Pardee, who later became Governor of the State of California, served as President in 1899.

In ancient times, only the Sun and Moon, a few hundred stars and the most easily visible planets had names. Over the last few hundred years, the number of identified astronomical objects has risen from hundreds to over a billion, and more are discovered every year. Astronomers need to be able to assign systematic designations to unambiguously identify all of these objects, and at the same time give names to the most interesting objects and, where relevant, features of those objects.The International Astronomical Union (IAU) is the officially recognized authority in astronomy for assigning designations to celestial bodies such as stars, planets, and minor planets, including any surface features on them. In response to the need for unambiguous names for astronomical objects, it has created a number of systematic naming systems for objects of various sorts.

Astronomical Engineering

Astronomer Royal for Scotland was the title of the director of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh until 1995. It has since been an honorary title.The following have served as Astronomers Royal for Scotland:1834–1844 Thomas Henderson1846–1888 Charles Piazzi Smyth1889–1905 Ralph Copeland1905–1910 Sir Frank Watson Dyson1910–1937 Ralph Allen Sampson1938–1955 William Michael Herbert Greaves1957–1975 Hermann Brück1975–1980 Vincent Cartledge Reddish1980–1990 Malcolm Longair1991–1995 In abeyance1995–present John Campbell Brown

Astronomical distance

Department of Space Science

Calabasas, California

Grupa Astronomia

Astronomical symbol

Astronomical Image-Processing System

Astronomical catalogs

Astronomical Diaries

Astronomica is the fourth album by the American progressive metal band Crimson Glory, released in 1999 via Spitfire Records (USA) and Rising Sun (Europe). After a long hiatus following their less-than-successful album Strange and Beautiful, the band reformed with Wade Black on vocals and Steve Wacholz (of Savatage fame) on drums. Although he is pictured in the album artwork (with the intention of being the new drummer), Wacholz never actually played on the record - a drum machine was used. Wade Black's vocal delivery was not appreciated by all fans, who were accustomed to Midnight's voice. Still, the album was greeted as a successful comeback.

University of Illinois

Universe Magazine

The Astronomical Society of South Australia (ASSA) was founded in 1892 and is the oldest society of its kind in Australia. It is the only representative body for amateur astronomy in the state of South Australia.

Astronomical units

Astronomical observatories by country

Astronomical conjunction

Astronomical Society of the Pacific

Astronomical Ephemeris

Astronomical objects

Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon

Astronomical Complex

Astronomy.com

nhl

GPO Box 1059,

Astronomical masers

Strange and Beautiful

Astronomy/History

The Astronomia (Ancient Greek: Ἀστρονομία, "Astronomy") or Astrologia (Ἀστρολογία, also "Astronomy") is a fragmentary Ancient Greek hexameter poem that was attributed to Hesiod during antiquity. As the title of the poem suggests, it was astronomical in focus, dealing with the stars. It has been suspected that the Astronomia influenced the style of Aratus' Phaenomena, but the remains of the Hesiodic poem found in ancient quotations are too meager to allow for certainty on this matter.

Astronomical instrument

Astronomical Observatory of the University of the Punjab

Astronomic timer

Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific

Astronomical theory of paleoclimates

Farah Payan

Astronomical Spectroscopy

Astronomical filter

Astronomical table

Astronomical objects proposed in religion, astrology and ufology

Astronomer's Telegram

Astronomical dusk

Astronomer (comics)

Astronomical Objects

Astronomer Royal for Scotland was the title of the director of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh until 1995.

Astronomical Society of London

Astronomical Observatory (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

Astronomical Center of Shumen University

Astronomical Institute of Czech Academy of Sciences

Astronomical nomenclature

Polish/English

Astronomical year numbering is based on AD/CE year numbering, but follows normal decimal integer numbering more strictly. Thus, it has a year 0; the years before that are designated with negative numbers and the years after that are designated with positive numbers. Astronomers use the Julian calendar for years before 1582, including the year 0, and the Gregorian calendar for years after 1582, as exemplified by Jacques Cassini (1740), Simon Newcomb (1898) and Fred Espenak (2007).The prefix AD and the suffixes CE, BC or BCE (Common Era, Before Christ or Before Common Era) are dropped. The year 1 BC/BCE is numbered 0, the year 2 BC is numbered −1, and in general the year n BC/BCE is numbered "−(n − 1)" (a negative number equal to 1 − n). The numbers of AD/CE years are not changed and are written with either no sign or a positive sign; thus in general n AD/CE is simply n or +n. For normal calculation a number zero is often needed, here most notably when calculating the number of years in a period that spans the epoch; the end years need only be subtracted from each other.The system is so named due to its use in astronomy. Few other disciplines outside history deal with the time before year 1, some exceptions being dendrochronology, archaeology and geology, the latter two of which use 'years before the present'. Although the absolute numerical values of astronomical and historical years only differ by one before year 1, this difference is critical when calculating astronomical events like eclipses or planetary conjunctions to determine when historical events which mention them occurred.

Over 400

Astronomical Dawn

Astronomical survey

Astronomical Society of New South Wales Inc.

ASV

Astronomische Vereinigung Kärntens

Illinois#USA

Astronomical algorithms are the algorithms used to calculate ephemerides, calendars, and positions (as in celestial navigation or satellite navigation). Examples of large and complex astronomical algorithms are those used to calculate the position of the Moon. A simple example is the calculation of the Julian day.Numerical model of solar system discusses a generalized approach to local astronomical modeling. The variations séculaires des orbites planétaires describes an often used model.

Astronomy, astrophysics

The Astronomical Society of Australia (ASA) is the professional body representing astronomers in Australia. Established in 1966, it is incorporated in the Australian Capital Territory. Membership of the ASA is open to people "capable of contributing to the advancement of astronomy or a closely related field". This means that the members are mainly active professional astronomers and postgraduate students. Some retired astronomers and distinguished amateur astronomers are also members, and several organisations are corporate members of the Society. The ASA currently has around 600 members. It publishes a peer-reviewed journal, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia.

Astronomical clock (Besançon)

Astronomisches Rechen-Institut

Astronomical radio interferometry

Right: Telescopes in the Public Observatory

Astronomical society of australia

Astronium lecointei

Astronomische Vereinigung Kaerntens

Astronomical optical interferometer

Astronomical Analysis

Astronomically-large

Paranormal and pseudoscientific claims regarding astronomical bodies involve both bodies recognized by the scientific community and those known only from the claims themselves. A wide variety of movements are represented among those claiming knowledge regarding astronomical bodies gained through nonscientific means. These include astrologers, alien abductees, alien contactees, New Age practitioners UFO religions and more. The types of astronomical bodies discussed by pseudoscientists and paranormal claimants run the gamut from planets to stars, constellation, and galaxies. Many of these claims contradict scientific findings in spectacular ways or show influence from science fiction.

Astronomical window

Roy McCord

Astronomer Green

It stopped activity

Astronomic theory of glaciation

Astronomy&Astrophysics

Astronomical tide

Astronomical photography

Astronomical map

Astronomical interferometry

Astronomical engineering

Astronomsko društvo "Ruđer Bošković"

Astronomical forcing

Left: Despot Stefan Tower in Belgrade Fortress, the seat of the Society

Astronomic

Astronomer royal for Ireland

Astronomical acronyms

ASP

Astronomical diary tablet

The Astronomical Netherlands Satellite (ANS; also known as Astronomische Nederlandse Satelliet) was a space-based X-ray and ultraviolet telescope. It was launched into Earth orbit on 30 August 1974 at 14:07:39 UTC in a Scout rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, United States. The mission ran for 20 months until June 1976, and was jointly funded by the Netherlands Institute for Space Research (NIVR) and NASA. ANS was the first Dutch satellite, and the Main Belt asteroid 9996 ANS was named after it.The telescope had an initial orbit of with a periapsis of 266 kilometres (165 mi), an apoapsis of 1,176 kilometres (731 mi), with inclination 98.0° and eccentricity 0.064048, giving it a period of 99.2 minutes. The orbit was sun-synchronous, and the attitude of the spacecraft could be controlled through reaction wheels. The momentum stored in the reaction wheels throughout the orbit was regularly dumped via magnetic coils that interacted with the Earth's magnetic field. The satellite also had two masses that were released shortly after orbit injection, to remove most of the satellite's angular momentum induced by the launcher. The attitude could be measured by a variety of techniques, including solar sensors, horizon sensors, star sensors and a magnetometer.ANS could measure X-ray photons in the energy range 2 to 30 keV, with a 60 cm2 detector, and was used to find the positions of galactic and extragalactic X-ray sources. It also measured their spectra, and looked at their variations over time. It discovered X-ray bursts, and also detected X-rays from Capella.ANS also observed in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, with a 22 cm (260 cm2) Cassegrain telescope. The wavelengths of the observed photons were between 150 and 330 nm, with the detector split into five channels with central wavelengths of 155, 180, 220, 250 and 330 nm. At these frequencies it took over 18,000 measurements of around 400 objects.

Astronomer Royal

Astronomical optical interferometry

NIVR / NASA

Astronomical year

Location in Nunavut

A. lecointei

Astronomical Image Processing System

An astronomical constant is a physical constant used in astronomy. Formal sets of constants, along with recommended values, have been defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) several times: in 1964 and in 1976 (with an update in 1994).

Astronomia Nova

The Astronomische Gesellschaft is an astronomical society established in 1863 in Heidelberg, the second oldest astronomical society after the Royal Astronomical Society.In 1882, the Astronomische Gesellschaft founded the Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams at Kiel, where it remained until during World War I when it was moved to the Østervold Observatory at Copenhagen, Denmark, to be operated there by the Copenhagen University Observatory.Around the turn of the 20th century the A.G.

Astronomical Society of Glasgow

Astronomical Observatory of Trieste (Italian: Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste or OAT) is an astronomical center of studies located in the city of Trieste in northern Italy.The observatory traces its origins from the Nautical School founded in Trieste by the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria in 1753. Following the dissolution of Austria-Hungary after World War I and the annexation of Trieste by the Kingdom of Italy, the observatory joined the list of Italian astronomical observatories in 1923. Today the observatory is part of Italy's National Institute for Astrophysics (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica or INAF), which includes 20 research institutions around the country. The scientific production of the Astronomical Observatory of Trieste exceeds 130 papers per year, mostly published in international peer-reviewed journals.The main research activities done at the observatory concern extragalactic astronomy and cosmology (large-scale structure of the universe, intergalactic media), stellar physics, interstellar medium and the galaxy, the physics of the Sun and the solar system (radioastronomy, coronal plasma, cometary and interplanetary dust), high energy astrophysics (supernovae, gamma-ray bursts), astronomical technologies (computer systems for data acquisition and control, including remote control, acquisition, handling and analysis of images, supercomputing) and space astronomy (development of space technologies and space observations). Of special importance is the participation in the projects of the European Southern Observatory (ESO): the Very Large Telescope (VLT) operated by ESO in Chile; the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) in Arizona, the Planck spacecraft operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) from 2009 to 2013; and the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT).The Astronomical Observatory of Trieste is integrated with all the major local scientific institutions in and around Trieste (the AREA Science Park, the International School for Advanced Studies and the University of Trieste) and cooperates with major national and international astronomical institutions, such as the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the European Space Agency (ESA).

Astronom

Astronomicke observatorium Modra-Piesok

Astronomer Royal is a senior post in the Royal Households of the United Kingdom. There are two officers, the senior being the Astronomer Royal dating from 22 June 1675; the second is the Astronomer Royal for Scotland dating from 1834.The post was created by King Charles II in 1675, at the same time as he founded the Royal Observatory Greenwich.

Astronomical maser

Astronomical algorithms

Astronomers of Russia

Astronomical meridian plane

"National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination Form-University of Illinois Astronomical Observatory."

scientific research and public education in astronomy

Astronomical meridian

The Astronomisches Rechen-Institut ("Astronomical Calculation Institute", ARI), is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, dating from the 1700s. Beginning in 2005, the ARI became part of the Center for Astronomy at Heidelberg University (Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, ZAH). Prior to this, the institute had belonged directly to the state of Baden-Württemberg.The ARI has a rich history. It was founded in 1700 in Berlin-Dahlem by Gottfried Kirch. It had its origin in a patent application by Frederick I of Prussia, who introduced a monopoly on publishing star catalogs in Prussia. In 1945 the Institute was moved by the Americans nearer to the United States Army Garrison Heidelberg. On January 1, 2005 the combined Center for Astronomy institute formed by combining ARI, with the Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics (Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik, ITA) and the Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl ("Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory", LSW).The ARI has been responsible among other things for the Gliese catalog of nearby stars, the fundamental catalogs FK5 and FK6, and the annually-published "Apparent Places of Fundamental Stars" (APFS), stellar ephemerides that provide high-precision mean and apparent positions of over three thousand stars for each day.Between 1938–1945, whilst will based in Berlin, ARI published the Astronomische Nachrichten ("Astronomical Notes") academic journal. As of 2016, ARI was not limited to only publishing star catalogs, but has a wider research scope, including gravitational lensing, galaxy evolution, stellar dynamics, and cosmology. ARI is also involved in space astronomy missions including the Gaia mission.In 2007 professors Eva K. Grebel and Joachim Wambsganß (de) became co-directors of the institute.Other researchers involved with the institute include Hartmut Jahreiß author of the updated Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars; Eugene Rabe; Lutz D. Schmadel, author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names; Hans Scholl; and Rainer Spurzem working with N-body simulations.

Six Litanies for Heliogabalus

The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) is a scientific and educational organization, founded in San Francisco on February 7, 1889. Its name derives from its origins on the Pacific Coast, but today it has members all over the country and the world.

Astronomical Observatory of Trieste

The Astronomical Society Islands are members of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. They are located in western Gulf of Boothia at the mouth of Lord Mayor Bay. The group is near the Boothia Peninsula and south of the Copeland Islands.

Astronomical Society of India

Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek

Astronomical atlases

The Astronomical Almanac is an almanac published by the United States Naval Observatory (USNO) and Her Majesty's Nautical Almanac Office (HMNAO); it also includes data supplied by many scientists from around the world. It is considered a worldwide resource for fundamental astronomical data, often being the first publication to incorporate new International Astronomical Union resolutions.

Astronomical society of dharmaraja college

Astronomical Observatory (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign)

In astronomy, interferometry is used to combine signals from two or more telescopes to obtain measurements with higher resolution than could be obtained with either telescopes individually. This technique is the basis for astronomical interferometer arrays, which can make measurements of very small astronomical objects if the telescopes are spread out over a wide area. If a large number of telescopes are used a picture can be produced which has resolution similar to a single telescope with the diameter of the combined spread of telescopes. These include radio telescope arrays such as VLA, VLBI, SMA, LOFAR and SKA, and more recently astronomical optical interferometer arrays such as COAST, NPOI and IOTA, resulting in the highest resolution optical images ever achieved in astronomy. The VLT Interferometer is expected to produce its first images using aperture synthesis soon, followed by other interferometers such as the CHARA array and the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer which may consist of up to 10 optical telescopes. If outrigger telescopes are built at the Keck Interferometer, it will also become capable of interferometric imaging.Astronomical interferometers come in two types—direct detection and heterodyne. These differ only in the way that the signal is transmitted. Aperture synthesis can be used to computationally simulate a large telescope aperture from either type of interferometer.In the near future other arrays are expected to release their first interferometric images, including the ISI, VLTI, the CHARA array and the MRO interferometers.At the beginning of the 21st Century, the VLTI and Keck Interferometer large-telescope arrays came into operation, and the first interferometric measurements of the brightest few extra-galactic targets were performed.

Astronomic meridian

Astronomical bodies in pseudoscience and the paranormal

Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters

Astronomical J.

Astronomical precession

Astronomical dawn

Astronomical Observatory of Córdoba

The astronomical system of units, formally called the IAU (1976) System of Astronomical Constants, is a system of measurement developed for use in astronomy. It was adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976, and has been significantly updated in 1994 and 2009 (see astronomical constant).The system was developed because of the difficulties in measuring and expressing astronomical data in International System of Units (SI units). In particular, there is a huge quantity of very precise data relating to the positions of objects within the solar system which cannot conveniently be expressed or processed in SI units. Through a number of modifications, the astronomical system of units now explicitly recognizes the consequences of general relativity, which is a necessary addition to the International System of Units in order to accurately treat astronomical data.The astronomical system of units is a tridimensional system, in that it defines units of length, mass and time. The associated astronomical constants also fix the different frames of reference that are needed to report observations. The system is a conventional system, in that neither the unit of length nor the unit of mass are true physical constants, and there are at least three different measures of time.

Melbourne Vic 3001 Australia

The Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences was founded in 1953, when the state observatory on Skalnaté Pleso (founded in 1943 by Dr. Bečvář) got a status of astronomical institute and became one of the founding institutes of the newly born Slovakian Academy of Sciences. In memories of past and current employees, the institute and the observatory on Skalnaté Pleso were always blended in one and therefore one could consider for the year of the institute foundation already the 1943. Currently, it has its headquarters at Tatranská Lomnica.

Astronomical Netherlands Satellite

Astronomical telescope

Astronomer Copernicus, or Conversations with God (Polish: Astronom Kopernik, czyli rozmowa z Bogiem) is an oil painting by the Polish artist Jan Matejko, finished in 1873, depicting Nicolaus Copernicus observing the heavens from a balcony by a tower near the cathedral in Frombork (seen in the back). Currently the painting is in the collection of the Jagiellonian University of Kraków, which purchased it from a private owner with money donated by the Polish public.The painting presently adorns the Aula of the Collegium Novum of the University. As with many other works, Matejko painted his artwork in 1872 as part of a series of paintings intended to represent profound moments in the history of Poland.

Astronomer royal for scotland

Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Series

Astronomical polar night

Astronomers of the Soviet Union

Astronomical Society of Australia

Astronomical Calculation Institute (University of Heidelberg)

Astronomical symbols are symbols used to represent astronomical objects, theoretical constructs and observational events in astronomy. The earliest forms of these symbols appear in Greek papyri of late antiquity. The Byzantine codices in which the Greek papyri were preserved continued and extended the inventory of astronomical symbols.

Astronomical time

Astronomicon

An astronomical constant is a physical constant used in astronomy. Formal sets of constants, along with recommended values, have been defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) several times: in 1964 and in 1976 (with an update in 1994). In 2009 the IAU adopted a new current set, and recognizing that new observations and techniques continuously provide better values for these constants, they decided to not fix these values, but have the Working Group on Numerical Standards continuously maintain a set of Current Best Estimates. The set of constants is widely reproduced in publications such as the Astronomical Almanac of the United States Naval Observatory and HM Nautical Almanac Office.Besides the IAU list of units and constants, also the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service defines constants relevant to the orientation and rotation of the Earth, in its technical notes.The IAU system of constants defines a system of astronomical units for length, mass and time (in fact, several such systems), and also includes constants such as the speed of light and the constant of gravitation which allow transformations between astronomical units and SI units. Slightly different values for the constants are obtained depending on the frame of reference used. Values quoted in barycentric dynamical time (TDB) or equivalent time scales such as the Teph of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ephemerides represent the mean values that would be measured by an observer on the Earth's surface (strictly, on the surface of the geoid) over a long period of time. The IAU also recommends values in SI units, which are the values which would be measured (in proper length and proper time) by an observer at the barycentre of the Solar System: these are obtained by the following transformations: τ A ( S I ) = ( 1 + L B ) 1 3 τ A ( T D B ) {\displaystyle \tau _{A}({\rm {SI}})=(1+L_{\rm {B}})^{\frac {1}{3}}\tau _{A}({\rm {TDB}})\,} G E ( S I ) = ( 1 + L B ) G E ( T D B ) {\displaystyle GE({\rm {SI}})=(1+L_{\rm {B}})GE({\rm {TDB}})\,} G S ( S I ) = ( 1 + L B ) G S ( T D B ) {\displaystyle GS({\rm {SI}})=(1+L_{\rm {B}})GS({\rm {TDB}})\,}

Polish

Astronomica is the fourth album by the American progressive metal band Crimson Glory, released in 1999 via Spitfire Records (USA) and Rising Sun (Europe). After a long hiatus following their less-than-successful album Strange and Beautiful, the band reformed with Wade Black on vocals and Steve Wacholz (of Savatage fame) on drums. Although he is pictured in the album artwork (with the intention of being the new drummer), Wacholz never actually played on the record - a drum machine was used.

Astronomer-royal

Astronomische Gesellschaft Katalog

Ultraviolet

The Astronomisches Rechen-Institut ("Astronomical Calculation Institute", ARI), is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, dating from the 1700s. Beginning in 2005, the ARI became part of the Center for Astronomy at Heidelberg University (Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, ZAH). Prior to this, the institute had belonged directly to the state of Baden-Württemberg.The ARI has a rich history. It was founded in 1700 in Berlin-Dahlem by Gottfried Kirch.

Astronium lecointei (Goncalo alves, Portuguese common name Muiracatiara) is a timber tree, which is native to Brazil.

Sic itur ad astra

Astronomical Clock

Astronomical observation

Astronomical ecliptic

Astronomical observatory of lisbon

Astronomically large

Astronomical Society of South Australia

Astronomical image processing

Astronomical catalog

Astronomical albedo

X-ray and ultraviolet

Astronomy: Observations and Theories is a documentary television series that aired for one season in from 2005 to 2006. It consists of 20 twenty-eight-minute episodes which are also called lessons and are most often viewed on college-run public television stations.The series was directed by Peter Berkow, co-produced by Peter Berkow and Kris Koenig, with Laurie Melby and Dan Jones serving as Executive Producers and Steve Chollet as associate producer.

Astronomical twillight